油气储运工程专业英语

一、填空题(180分)1、______aresolidcompoundsthatformascrystalsandresemblesnowinappearance．正确答案：Hydrates学生答案：2、NaturalgaswithH2Sorothersulfur______presentiscalled“______gas”.正确答案：compounds##sour学生答案：3、Mostoilandgaspipelinesfallintooneofthreegroups:______,______,or______.正确答案：gathering##trunk/transmission##distribution学生答案：4、All______tankshaveacoverthatfloatsonthesurfaceoftheliquid.正确答案：floating-roof学生答案：5、Naturalgas______ishighlydependentonweather.正确答案：demand学生答案：6、Energyissuppliedtotheliquidthroughthepumpbythepump’sdriver-an______,a______,oranelectric______.正确答案：engine## turbine##motor学生答案：7、Toformastableemulsionofcrudeoiland______,anemulsifying______mustbepresent.正确答案：water##agent学生答案：8、Mostpipelinesarecoatedontheexteriortoprevent______.正确答案：corrosion学生答案：9、NaturalgaswithonlyCO2iscalled“______gas”.正确答案：sweet学生答案：10、Thehydrocarbonscontainonly______and______.正确答案：carbon##hydrogen学生答案：11、Centrifugalpumpconsistsofan______anda______.正确答案：impeller##casing学生答案：12、Thedistancebetweencompressorsvaries,dependingonthe______ofgas,theline______,andotherfactors.正确答案：volume##size学生答案：13、Indesigningapipelinesystem,the______ofpumpstationsmustbedeterminedaswellas______ofindividualpumpswithineachstation.正确答案：location##size学生答案：14、Thetypeofinformationgatheredbysmartpigsincludesthepipeline______,curvature,bends,temperatureand______,aswellas______ormetalloss.正确答案：diameter##pressure##corrosion学生答案：15、______isshortforAmericanPetroleumInstitute.正确答案：API学生答案：16、Thetwocategoriesoffloating-rooftanksare______floatingroofand______floatingroof.正确答案：external##internal学生答案：17、Gasismovedthroughagaspipelineby______.正确答案：compressors学生答案：18、______isalwaysnecessaryforhydrateformation.正确答案：Water学生答案：19、Thepressureinthepipelinedecreasesdueto______and______losses.正确答案：friction##elevation学生答案：20、Mostpipelinesaretestedwithwater(______testing)eitherinsectionsorovertheentire______.正确答案：hydrostatic##length学生答案：21、Thepositionof______andtheextentofmixingcanbemonitoredatpointsalongthelinebymeasuringthe______ofthefluidintheline.正确答案：batch##density学生答案：22、Allpipelinesaretestedfor______following______beforethelineisputintoservice.正确答案：leaks##construction学生答案：23、Wellfluidsareoftenacomplexmixtureof______,gas,andsome______．正确答案：liquidhydrocarbons impurities  学生答案：24、Theindividualphases(gas,______,______,andsolids)shouldbeseparatedfromeachotherasearlyaspractical.正确答案：liquid hydrocarbon liquidwater学生答案：25、Launcher(attheendofastationtolaunch______todownstreamstation)isrequiredatthe______ofthesection.正确答案：pig##upstream学生答案：26、Anemulsionisacombinationof______,orliquidsthatdonotmixtogetherundernormalconditions．正确答案：two immiscibleliquids学生答案：27、Productspipelineoftenmustoperateat______pressurethancrudepipelinesbecausethematerialbeingtransportedis______thancrude.正确答案：higherlighter学生答案：28、Shippingemulsifiedoilwastescostly______occupiedbyvaluelesswater.正确答案：transportationcapacities学生答案：29、Whennophysicalbarrierisusedbetweendifferentproductsinproductspipeline,the______ofthetwomaterialsmaintainstheseparation.正确答案：differenceindensity学生答案：30、Reciprocatingcompressorunitincludes______and______.正确答案：compressordrivercompressor学生答案：31、Twogeneraltypesoflinepipearemanufactured:______and______.正确答案：seamlesswelded学生答案：32、Inpumpinganyliquid,thegoalistoaddenergytotheliquidtocauseittomovethroughapipelinebyovercomingthe______andchangesin______.正确答案：frictionelevation学生答案：33、The______ofthesubstancestoreddeterminestheshapeandtypeoftank.正确答案：vaporpressure学生答案：34、Standingstoragelossesresultfromevaporativelossesthrough______,______,and/ordeckseam.正确答案：rimsealsdeckfitting学生答案：35、Thereis8~12ingapbetweenthe______and______,sothefloatingroofdoesnotbindasitmovesupanddownwiththeliquidlevel.正确答案：roof shell学生答案：36、Manycrudestoragetanksareequippedwith______thatcapturelighthydrocarbonsthatevaporatefromthecrudeandwouldotherwisebelosttotheatmosphere.正确答案：vaporrecoverysystems学生答案：37、Manydifferentcorrosion______and______ofcorrosioncanbeatworkonthesametankatthesametime.正确答案：mechanisms causes学生答案：38、Mass-flowmetersdirectlymeasurethemassofthefluidpassingthroughthemeter,nointermediatetemperatureorpressure______arerequiredand______isaboutthesameasPDorturbinemeters.正确答案：measurements accuracy学生答案：39、Mostpipelinesareconstructedby______shortlengthsor______ofpipetogether.正确答案：weldingjoints学生答案：40、NGLisshortfor______.正确答案：Natural Gas Liquids学生答案：41、ESDisshortfor______.正确答案：emergencyshutdown学生答案：42、LNGisshortfor______.正确答案：Liquefied Natural Gas学生答案：43、EFRisshortfor______.正确答案：External Floating Roof学生答案：44、LACTunitisshortfor______.正确答案：leaseautomaticcustodytransferunit学生答案：45、IFRisshortfor______.正确答案：Internal Floating Roof学生答案：46、PDmetersareshortfor______.正确答案：positive-displacementmeters学生答案：47、PVValvesisshortfor______.正确答案：pressurevacuumventvalves学生答案：二、翻译题(72分)48、Oil-in-wateremulsion正确答案：水包油乳状液学生答案：49、Emulsion正确答案：乳状液学生答案：50、Wellfluidsareoftenacomplexmixtureofliquidhydrocarbons,gas,andsomeimpurities．正确答案：井流通常是液态烃、气体和某些杂质的复杂混合物。学生答案：51、Wherenophysicalbarrierisusedbetweendifferentproducts,thedifferenceindensityofthetwomaterialsmaintainstheseparationwithonlyashortlengthintervalinwhichmixingoccurs.正确答案：当两种不同油品间没有采用物理隔离物时,油品的密度差保持油品的隔离,只在一小段长度内产生混油。学生答案：52、Productsshippedincludetheseveralgradesofgasoline,aviationgasoline,diesel,andhomeheatingoils.正确答案：运输的成品油包括各种型号的汽油、航空汽油、柴油和家用取暖油。学生答案：53、Hydrateinhibitors正确答案：水合物抑制剂学生答案：54、Dome-rooftanks正确答案：拱顶罐学生答案：55、Demulsifier正确答案：破乳剂学生答案：56、Producedwater正确答案：采出水学生答案：57、Yieldstrength正确答案：屈服强度学生答案：58、Floating-rooftanks正确答案：浮顶罐学生答案：59、Refiningofwater-bearingcrudecancauseseverecorrosionandpluggingproblems.正确答案：炼制含水原油会引起严重的腐蚀和堵塞问题。学生答案：60、Pumpscanalsobeconnectedinseries.Onepumptakessuctionfromthefluidsource,andthendischargestothesuctionofasecondpump.Thelastpumpinseriesdischargesintothepipeline.正确答案：泵也可以串联连接。一台泵从液体源抽取液体,然后排至第二台泵的入口,串联的最后一台泵排入管道。学生答案：61、Condensate正确答案：凝析液学生答案：62、Scaling正确答案：结垢学生答案：63、Hydrocarbon正确答案：碳氢化合物学生答案：64、Compressible正确答案：可压缩的学生答案：65、Absorption正确答案：吸收学生答案：66、Adsorption正确答案：吸附学生答案：67、Yieldstress正确答案：屈服应力学生答案：68、Oxidation正确答案：氧化学生答案：69、Spiralseam正确答案：螺旋焊缝学生答案：70、Cushiongas正确答案：垫层气学生答案：71、Rimseal正确答案：边缘密封