摄像头监控软件

摄像头监控软件 徽商职业学院 徽商职业学院 题 目: 摄像头监控软件 学生姓名: 刘恩雷 学生学号: 121733 系 别: 电子信息系 专 业: 软件技术 届 别: 15届 指导教师: 惠光伦 徽商职业学院 目录 引言.............................................................................................................................................................................3 1、系统介绍 .............................................................................................................................................................3 1.1系统功能.........................................................................................................................................................3 1.2系统性能.........................................................................................................................................................4 2、登陆界面 .............................................................................................................................................................5 2.1界面说明.........................................................................................................................................................5 2.2登录系统.........................................................................................................................................................6 3、操作说明 .............................................................................................................................................................6 3.1预览 .................................................................................................................................................................6 3.2录像 .................................................................................................................................................................7 3.3色彩 .................................................................................................................................................................7 3.4探头 .................................................................................................................................................................8 3.5云台 .................................................................................................................................................................9 3.6画面切换.......................................................................................................................................................10 3.7系统设置.......................................................................................................................................................10 3.8备份录像文件..............................................................................................................................................14 3.9图片抓拍.......................................................................................................................................................15 4、市场分析 ...........................................................................................................................................................15 5、消费者分析.......................................................................................................................................................16 6、产品分析 ...........................................................................................................................................................17 7、竞争对手分析 ..................................................................................................................................................17 8、采取策略 ...........................................................................................................................................................18 9、总结 ....................................................................................................................................................................18 ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept 摄像头监控软件 引言 随着社会的发展人民对安全看的越来越重，因而为了安全，我们的产品应运而生，为了给人们带来更好的方便我们产品它采用philips 7130芯片对模拟视频信号进行数字化、实时压缩编码后存储在系统的硬盘中或通过计算机通讯网络传输实现数据共享技术能更好的处理，可以广泛应用于银行、电力、电信、水利、智能大楼等领域同时也适应家庭方面的安全。 故而我们给这款软件定义为随心监控软件。 1、系统介绍 1.1系统功能 1、数字硬盘录像监控系统和多画面处理器。 2、以多种显示模式支持多达24 路摄像机输入。 3、支持中国电视制式。 4、在最优条件下实时显示和录像可达24路视频。 5、实时数字视频压缩。 6、同时视频回放和录像。 7、录像回放提供文件列模式和时间表模式，用户使用更加方便灵活。 8、报警触发录像。 9、报警输入/输出接口。 10、报警提前预录录像。 11、视频移动探测报警录像。 12、易于通过软件升级进行扩展和系统集成。 13、支持多种语言(简体中文、繁体中文和英文)。 14、支持电话线，公网(adsl，宽带网)和电脑局域网进行交互式在线访问和录像回放。 15、支持云台预置位、巡航线扫等功能。 3 徽商职业学院 16、移动报警、探头报警支持联动选择报警盒输出。 17、本软件还支持定时关机功能，当定时关机时间到时将倒数30秒钟提示您做保存或取消关机动作。 18、请善用您的鼠标右键，当您在不同的界面点击鼠标的右键时系统将会展示各种不同设置功能。 19、本系统支持老板键，即您可以通过按《Ctrl+Shift+H》组合键来实现隐藏或显示本监控程序，当然组合按键您可以自定义。 20、可以为每个摄像头自定义其编号及显示的名称。 同时本款软件在家庭应用也有以下的功能 1、在进行视频监控之前，要先对系统进行设置。最重要的设置是报警设置，在报警设置界面，可以设置多种报警方式。如声音报警、短信报警、电话报警等。同时可以设置在发现异常情况时，是拍照还是视频还是两者同时进行。 2、如设置声音报警，例如，可以设置一首歌曲作为报警方式。当摄像头监控的画面出现情况需报警时，这首歌就会自动被播放出来。当然最好将报警的声音设置成警铃的声音，这样威慑力会更大一些。试想当小偷经过摄像头监控画面时，突然听到警铃想起，胆小的贼恐怕就会立马落荒而逃了～ 3、另外几个比较方便实用的报警方式是短信报警、电子邮件报警、电话报警。当监控画面出现异常的时候，系统会自动发送短信、电子邮件到或者打电话到指定的号码或者邮箱。 当然，除了上述的一些设置，还有其他的一些设置就不细说了。总之每个人可以针对各自的情况在进行更细致的设置，大家不妨自己下载软件尝试一下 1.2系统性能 ?多通道实时性:系统采用实时并行处理技术、真正实现了1-24路的实时压缩处理。每个通道均可独立操作互不干扰，可对每个通道的高度、对比度、色度、饱和度进行调整。 ? 长时间录像存储:每路每小时占用的空间约为80-120mbytes左右。 ? 智能录像管理:每路均可根据独立的时间表在一周内灵活安排录像日程，ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept 摄像头监控软件 每天可在24小时内设置录像时段。系统自动删除过时的录像文件。系统可根据每路的报警设置进行报警录像联动处理。 ? 精细查询、回放功能:用户可根据摄像枪编号，时间段，事件等条件准确快速查找到所需要的录像文件并回放。回放时可随意快进、慢放、逐帧、逐秒、重复等方式，图像可以全屏放大。 ? 网络传输功能:系统内置网络传输功能，通过网络可实现联网计算机的“中心集中录像”或“网络分布式录像”，充分利用了网络资源，提高了系统的可靠性和可用性。网络传输采用了的tcp/ip协议，利用“多目广播”(multicast)技术减少了网络占用带宽，实现了“一点对多点”和“多点对多点”的应用。 ? 高效成熟的压缩算法:系统采用mpeg4/h.264算法，压缩比高，图像质量好。 ? 场景突变检测:系统具有“场景突变”检测功能，系统对光线、背景的突变能及时检测，此功能对电路“跳火”和爆炸等现象特别有效。 ? 字符叠加功能:每路信号均可在图像上叠加中、英文字符甚至图形标记，位置可随意设置。 ? 系统稳定性:系统设计时充分考虑了长时间运行的稳定性问题，在硬件和软件中设有“异常检测”和“系统自逾”功能，系统一旦有严重异常故障，会在20秒内复位重新启动并记录下最后的运行信息资料 2、登陆界面 2.1界面说明 系统分为显示区域、右控制面板和下控制面板三部分。 显示区域:可显示1、4、8、9、12、16、25通道图像。 右控制面板:可以对预览声音、图像预览、录像、色彩、探头、云台等进行设置。 下控制面板:可以进行多画面切换、系统设置、录像回放、抓拍、系统锁定、注销、退出等。 5 徽商职业学院 2.2登录系统 2.2.1注销 用户登录系统时，或者按下注销按钮[ ]，系统会提示输入用户名、密码 请用户在30秒内输入用户名:admin，密码:admin(不分大小写)，方可对系统进行其它操作，否则系统会被锁定。 2.2.2锁定 按下锁定键，则系统被锁定。 2.2.3自动登录系统 按下 ，选择“系统设置”，点击“系统设置”标签，找到“自动登录系统”，并打上勾，输入自动登录的用户名密码。系统以后就会按照此用户名密码自动登录系统，免去用户每次都输入用户名密码之烦恼。 3、操作说明 3.1预览 点击右控制面板“预览” :预览面板会根据视频卡的通道数相应地用指示灯显示，浅绿色表示该通道正在预览、深绿色表示该通道预览已被关闭。用户可通过点击指示灯控制相应通道的预览情况。 [全开]、[全关]按钮:可方便用户对所有通道进行统一设置。 ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept 摄像头监控软件 3.2录像 3.2.1手动录像 点击右控制面板“录像”，录像面板会根据视频卡的通道数相应地用指示灯显示，浅绿色表示正在手动录像，深绿色表示允许手动录像，灰色表示正在按时间表录像。 用户可通过点击指示灯控制相应通道的录像情况，请用户注意观察指示灯的状态。 [全开]、[全关]按钮:所有通道开始手动录像 / 停止手动录像。 注意:如果正在进行按时间表录像，则指示灯变为灰色，说明不能进行手动录像。 3.2.2按时间表录像 按下 ，选择“系统设置”，点击“视频通道设置”标签，找到“录像参数”标签，用户可在录像时间表[增加]时间段，并复制到整个星期，或者具体设置每一天，每个不同的时间段，设置灵活，请根据实际情况进行设置。 注意:4.0版本以后，新增录像模式供用户选择，请用户在设置时间段时，白天用日间模式，晚上用夜间模式(日夜间模式，主要解决当摄像枪画面躁点多时，码流大的问题)。 录像文件长度:即多长时间生成一个录像文件。 注意:用户在设置好录像时间表和录像文件长度后，请务必在“自动启动录像时间表”前打上勾，这样系统才会根据用户的设置自动进行录像。 3.3色彩 点击右控制面板“色彩”，色彩面板可对通道的亮度、对比度、色度、饱和度进行设置，用户对色彩设置前，请先选中对应通道。 [默认]:恢复色彩各项设置的默认值。 7 徽商职业学院 [所有相同]:对所有通道进行统一设置。 [保存]:把当前设置写入系统文件。 3.4探头 3.4.1手动布撤防 手动布撤防之前，请用户先在“报警探头设置”页面检查“允许报警探头手动布撤防，取消时间表”是否已打上勾。 点击右控制面板“探头”，探头面板会根据报警盒的通道数相应地用指示灯显示(没有指示灯则说明硬盘录像机还没有与报警盒等设备连接上)，浅绿色表示该通道已被手动布防，深绿色表示允许手动布撤防，灰色表示已经按时间表布防。 用户可通过点击指示灯控制相应通道的布撤防情况，请用户注意观察指示灯的状态。 [全开]、[全关]按钮:所有通道手动布防 / 手动撤防。 注意:如果已经按时间表布防，则指示灯变为灰色，说明不能进行手动布撤防。 3.4.2按时间表布撤防 按下 ，选择“系统设置”，点击“报警探头设置”标签，用户可在此对报警探头进行一系列的设置。 首先，选择报警设备类型和通讯端口: 目前报警设备类型支持:宏视nv808、智敏mv2516、龙控dv7608、w110;通讯端口请务必选择com1;如果还有其它设备使用com口(如云台)，请把该设备的通讯端口选择为com2。 “单个通道”:指一个报警盒的通道数。 “所有通道”:指多个报警盒并连时，总共的通道数。 ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept 摄像头监控软件 以一个8进8出的报警盒为例，当用户接上一个报警盒时，以上两项应填8，8;当并连上两个报警盒时，以上两项应填8,16，如此类推，目前最多支持4个报警盒并连。 然后选择报警探头，并对其进行相关设置。 请用户留意“报警探头选择”下面的数字标签，如果系统与报警盒能够正常通讯，则会根据报警盒的通道数显示相应的数字;如果系统与报警盒通讯不成功，则没有数字标签，此时请用户检查设备类型和通讯端口是否已选择正确。 在确保系统与报警盒正常通讯的情况下，进行探头设置: 点击探头1(即数字标签1)，并为探头1选择联动通道(例如通道1打上勾)和联动预置位(例如选择1)，注意:联动预置位请事先按“3.12预置位管理”说明设置好。 然后进行报警联动输出设置，“关联报警输出通道”即报警盒输出通道，用户可根据实际情况给“报警输出”打上勾。则报警盒收到探头信息后，会根据设置关联输出信号。(此功能为6.0版本新增功能) 注意:系统默认的报警输出时间为10秒，输出方式为“闭合输出”。用户可在系统参数设置中的报警设置进行设置。 第三，设置布防时间表: 如图，用户可在时间表[增加]时间段，并复制到整个星期，或者具体设置每一天，每个不同的时间段，设置灵活，请根据实际情况进行设置。 其它探头设置与上述探头1的设置相同。 注意:每个探头设置完毕，请务必在“ ”打上勾，并按[应用]按钮，否则设置不生效。 3.5云台 用户可在此对云台进行上、下、左、右，调速、变焦、对焦、光圈、雨刷等一系列操作。对云台的相关设置，请参阅“3.7.6控制设备(摄像枪、云台)设置” 。 9 徽商职业学院 3.6画面切换 按下 ，系统提供1、4、8、9、12、16、25画面切换。 3.7系统设置 注意:完成系统的各项参数设置后，请用户务必按下[应用]和[确定]按钮，否则设置不生效。 按下 ，点击“系统设置”，即可进入设置页面，用户可在此对系统的各项参数进行具体设置。 3.7.1系统用户管理 系统默认生成三个用户“系统管理员”、“1”、“test”，用户可根据实际情况对系统用户进行修改、添加、删除。 3.7.2系统参数设置:“ 系统参数设置”可对目录路径、硬盘不够处理方式、语言选择等操作进行设置。 “目录路径”、“硬盘空间不够处理方式”、“语言选择”:通常情况下，用户保持默认设置即可。 如果用户希望某个分区不进行录像，可把分区名称重命名为backup，系统不会在名称为backup(不分大小写，多个分区可重复命名为backup)的分区上录像。 注意:4.0版本后，系统提供录像分区供用户指定，无需再修改盘符: “自动登录系统”:请参阅前面章节“2.2.3自动登录系统”。 报警设置:“视频信号丢失时允许蜂鸣器报警”:选中此项，则当某通道丢失视频信号时，硬盘录像机的喇叭就会蜂鸣报警。 “报警发生时允许蜂鸣器报警”:打上勾，则当移动报警或者探头报警发生时，硬盘录像机的喇叭就会蜂鸣报警。 ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept 摄像头监控软件 “自动视频切换”:打上勾并调好视频切换时间，则当主界面显示区域内显示画面数少于实际通道数时，系统会根据切换时间自动切换显示画面。 “报警联动录像时间”:当移动报警或者探头报警发生时，系统会根据此时间的长短进行录像。 “报警联动输出时间”:当移动报警或者探头报警发生时，报警盒的输出时间。 “报警触发时切换报警画面”:当移动报警或者探头报警发生时，该通道的图像就会自动切换为单画面显示模式。 “输出方式”:当移动报警或者探头报警发生时，报警盒的输出方式，默认为“闭合输出”。 “监控中心对报警探头布、撤防具有最高权限”:选中此项，则本系统会把对探头的布撤防权限交给监控中心(例如xnetplay2)，即只有当xnetplay2布防时，本系统才会对探头触发的报警信号作出相应处理。 “报警探头手动布撤防，取消时间表”:用户需要手动布撤防时，必须选中此选项，则系统不再按时间表进行布撤防。 “允许自动状态转换”:选中此项并调好切换时间，则系统在切换时间内，鼠标键盘均无动作时，会自动切换为锁定状态。 [修改系统时钟]: 注意:系统时钟或者日期被修改后，系统会自动关闭，请用户重新运行系统，方能继续监控工作。 3.7.3图像属性及自动录像参数设置 用户在进行视频通道设置时，请注意先选择视频通道，即图中的数字标签。系统会根据视频压缩卡的通道数相应地用数字标签显示。 3.7.3.1视频属性 视频属性可对每个通道的预览画面进行字幕显示和区域遮蔽设置。 启动预览遮蔽，则所选区域图像就会被遮蔽，但录像文件不会被遮蔽。 11 徽商职业学院 3.7.3.2压缩及传输参数 图像的压缩位率分为恒定位率和可变位率两种模式，恒定位率，图像在压缩过程中将不改变码流速率，而可变位率则根据图像的运动而改变码流的速率。 最大编码码流:当位率模式选为“恒定位率”时，图像的编码码流将保持在此最大编码码流值;当位率模式选为“可变位率”时，则根据图像的运动而改变码流的速率，但最大值不会超过此最大编码码流值。(4.0版本，不提供位率可调) 注意，编码码流越大，录像和传输越大的图像效果就越好 ，但占用的硬盘的空间就越大。 关键帧间隔:关键帧为编码码流中采用帧内压缩的图像帧，其特点是图像清晰度好，但数据量大，通常作为帧间编码的原始参考帧。关键帧间隔是连续的帧间编码的帧个数。关键帧的个数会影响图像质量，关键帧间隔越小，则图像质量越好，但录像文件就越大。因此关键帧间隔需要合理设置，一般保持默认值13即可。 图像压缩设置分为压缩模式和图像质量设置。 压缩模式:目前提供两种压缩算法可调(h.264和mpeg4)。 h.264:压缩比更高，录像文件更小，但比较占用cpu资源; mpeg4:压缩比相对低些，但占用cpu资源也较小。 图像质量设置:即对图像的编码码流和图像质量进行设置 优秀:最大编码码流:384，图像质量:3; 良好:最大编码码流:256，图像质量:4; 标准:最大编码码流:192，图像质量:5。 工作模式:包括“视频”和“视频，音频”。如果硬件使用的是带音频的视频压缩卡请选择“视频+音频”，否则选择“视频”。 视频设置包括“更好的图像”和“更快的视频”。 更好的图像:提高图像分辨率，但会降低视频帧率; 更快的图像:提高视频帧率，但会降低图像分辨率。 ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept 摄像头监控软件 3.7.3.3自动录像设置 请参阅3.2.2按时间表录像 3.7.4移动报警录像设置 移动报警是系统在报警区域内检测到静态图像发生变化时产生报警信号以通知用户的一种功能。 如图，请先对每路摄像枪设置报警区域，报警区域分成11×9个单元，每单击一下鼠标左键即设置一个报警单元(单击“设置全部”按钮，所有单元将被设置为报警区域)，单击右键则撤消该单元(单击“撤消全部”按钮将撤消所有已经设置好的报警区域)。设置完报警区域之后，通过图右边的滑条可调整报警时图像的参数及检测灵敏度。 高速运动检测帧间隔:取值范围0-12， 0表示不作高速运动检测，通常值为2。 低速运动检测帧间隔:适合于慢速运动情况，当取值为0时 不作低速运动检测。(注意:高速、低速运动检测功能，6.0版本后被屏蔽) 检测灵敏度:调整运动分析灵敏度，用于编码时动态调整运动侦测的灵敏度，决定dsp全局运动分析的灵敏度，等级0最灵敏，49最迟钝;推荐值为30。 配置完区域以后，请务必对布防时间表进行设置，否则对报警区域的设置将变得没有意义。 6.0版本后新增报警输出控制功能。用户点选报警输出通道即可在移动报警时联动报警盒输出已经勾选的通道。 注意:报警盒必须预先正确设置好，能够与监控主程序进行通讯。 3.7.5报警探头设置 请参阅“3.4.2按时间表布撤防” 。 13 徽商职业学院 3.7.6云镜设置: 控制设备包括摄像机、解码器、快球等，这些设备均由不同的端口及通讯协议来控制，云镜设置就是对这些端口及通讯协议进行设置。 用户应该首先用屏蔽双绞线和485转换头把解码器和硬盘录像机连接好。 控制参数: “控制端口”:默认值为com1(用户保持默认值即可) 注意:主板靠近电源的串口为com1，485转换头接入的串口必须和上述选择的“控制端口”一致。同时请用户检查“报警探头设置”的“通讯端口”是否也为com1，如果是，请把它改为其它端口，例如com2。因为一个通讯端口只能对应一个控制设备。 云镜设置: 系统能根据实际的摄像机数目相应地在上图中显示摄像机列表，用户在摄像机列表中选择相应的摄像机，然后单击[编辑]按钮，系统弹出如下图，在该图框中可通过下拉箭头改变摄像枪的类型、解码器地址、控制协议及波特率，而通道号是系统默认的，不可通过人工设置。 请用户注意，摄像机类型不能为固定，解码器地址、控制协议和波特率必须和解码器端保持一致。 3.8备份录像文件 在录像文件列表中选择要备份的文件，按[备份]按钮:，选择好备份路径和目录，按[ok]键即可进行录像文件备份。 注意:如果用户需要进行远程录像回放，请选中“远程服务器”，并输入远程硬盘录像机的ip地址，其它操作与本地回放相同。 ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept 摄像头监控软件 3.9图片抓拍 3.9.1图片抓拍 选中要进行抓拍的通道，按下 ，则系统会把抓拍得到的图片存放在相应的通道文件夹内(图片抓拍路径:d:\nvphoto)。 3.9.2图片浏览 按下 ，选择“图片浏览”:，用户在左面树状结构管理器中选择相应的通道(图片抓拍路径:d:\nvphoto)，则右面空白处就会显示抓拍得到的图片。 4、市场分析 2012年最新数据显示，全球视频监控市场的增长率将为5,。该数据远远低于以往的增长率，这也反映了经济低迷对视频监控行业的严重影响。但高清视频监控设备则继续表现出强劲的增长势头。2012年全球模拟视频监控设备保持平稳，而全球高清视频监控设备增长率则有可能超过35,。数据专员说，“采用高清视频监控技术的新兴视频监视市场增长幅度将会超过2012年的全球市场增长率，而这些市场在2013年将继续保持增长。” 高清IP监控无论在成像质量，传输方式，接收控制，安装使用维护方面都比传统监控有优势。而无论是在事前预警，事中科学、快速地了解情况、做出决策，以及事后回溯、分析都需要先进的安防系统。在这样的背景下，中国的各行各业都对网络数字安防产生了很旺盛的需求，从而拉动了市场的增长。市场规模会快速增长，几年内会超过模拟监控市场地位。 随着国内通货膨胀愈演愈烈的情况下，监控摄像机厂家所需原材料生产成本不断上涨，随之监控摄像机代理商也同样不仅面临着人力、运输成本上涨的压力;而且还面临着上游制造业和下游供应商的挤压，产业利润严重下滑，生存空间受到严重威胁;在面临如此之境，高清监控怎样才能得到普及呢, 在流动性支撑减弱、业绩增长预期逐渐明朗的背景下，按照“投资时钟理15 徽商职业学院 论”，在资产配置上有关专家建议，关注业绩增长相对确定的中下游行业的投资机会，如机械、汽车及零配件、电力设备、通信设备、医药生物、食品饮料、商贸零售等行业，并兼顾低碳经济、通胀预期、节能减排等主题投资机会。 同时也有相关专家指出，2013年的股市走势，要延续2012年上半年的大幅上涨行情是不太可能的。利好因素主要包括:宏观经济运行态势良好、上市公司业绩提高、市场资金虽紧但还算充裕、股指期货推出和创业板市场的创新，等等。但可做利空文章的因素也很多，其中包括新增贷款增长率下行、通货膨胀、新股发行规模扩大且密度提高以及“大小非”解禁压力增大等。 在这些因素的作用下，2013年的股市上行空间有限，交易量可能扩大，但波动幅度也将扩大，总体呈现出一种振幅扩大中的上行走势。 5、消费者分析 在不同领域，商对于当前市场与今后市场的看法有很大不同。调查显示政府机关是目前安防工程商最重要的工程市场，有57.1%的工程商涉足该领域，其余依次是住宅酒店、商业设施、工矿企业、金融部门。涉足城市交通和教育医疗领域的工程商相对较少，还有很大的市场开发空间。另外，不同地区之间也存在差异，华南和华东地区的工程商涉足住宅酒店的比例明显高于华北地区，而华北和华东地区涉足工矿企业的比例则明显高于华南地区。调查发现，工程商们最看好城市交通领域安防的发展，其次是工矿企业和商业设施。政府机关和金融部门等安防传统市场由于经过近几年的大发展后市场容量有限，并不被广泛看好。 分析机构调研显示，随着生活节奏的不断加快，家庭用户对安全感的需求正在逐渐增加，对于家庭监控、安防的要求也日趋成熟。由于视频监控系统在保护安全、预防犯罪方面起到不可低估的作用，个人用户对家庭安全需求的增长必将带动住宅监控系统的发展。来自普通消费者家庭的视频监控需求正成为视频监控应用的新兴市场，并有望在未来几年中呈现显著增长态势。随着家庭信息化的迅猛发展，用户对家庭安防的需求表现的越来越强烈，网络摄像机将会保持迅速的发展。 ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept 摄像头监控软件 6、产品分析 现社会高清已经不能满足我们对视觉的满足，超清是现今社会一时髦话题，超清电视、超清视频、超清电影等字眼随处可见，关于超清的一确切定义现在还没有统一的标准。市面上的所谓高清产品更是良莠不齐，混淆了概念，混乱了市场。 由此我公司摄像机成像质量非常高，所以在监视器端可以轻松实现1080P分辨率的画面，只要终端设备的分辨率能够支持，将会实时输出真正的全超清图像。这个是什么样的概念呢,假如说终端是一42英寸(1920*1080)的液晶电视，那就跟顾客看高清数字电视一个感觉，电视画面纹理非常细腻清晰，将带跟他强烈的视觉冲击和感官印像。而我公司产品在监视器端能兼容平板显示器和PC显示器，当顾客感觉液晶电视成本过高时可以选择支持同样分辨率的PC显示器，也一样能观看高质量的画面。 7、竞争对手分析 由于国外一些发达国家和地区有技术优势而且其安防市场成熟度远高于国内，所以有较多厂家推出高清产品，而且这些大多是国际知名品牌。这些品牌在中国安防监控领域占有重要市场地位。在欧洲瑞士有世界网络摄像机老大安讯士(Axis)，该品牌作为网络摄像机技术和解决的领跑者，有20多年的先进经验，其网络摄像机产品畅销全球。德国MOBOTIX，该品牌专注于百万像数高清网络摄像机的研究生产，产品技术非常先进，做工良好，欧洲百万高清市场占有率达60%。美国的高清网络摄像机也做得很好，像4XEM、ARECONT VISION、这些专业安防监控厂家，都有高清产品推出，有些已经形成系列，不过可能较少涉足中国市场，在内地知名度不高。 日本的电子产品世界有名，自然不缺少高清网络摄像机品牌。JVC作为网络摄像机的专业生产商，也有类似产品推出。其他著名品牌有Sony,三洋，松下，东芝，这些厂家已有系列网络摄像机产品，最近陆续出了高清网络摄像机。网络摄像机可能不是这些企业的主要产品领域，但是这些巨型企业研发实力强劲，其产品同样够专业，性能也很先进，品牌优势明显。 中国台湾地区厂家有D-Link、VIVOTEK等。由于台湾地区拥有强大的IP产业资源支持，网络监控产业在这里“长势喜人”，也冒出了像D-Link、VIVOTEK这样的国际型大厂。D-Link、VIVOTEK作为IT企业进入，主要走商用市场。台湾厂家虽然没有日本厂家的规模大，但是他们都是在做专一的IT产品，足够专业，在网络摄像机领域不输日本。除了这三家知名企业，像PIXORD(一碩科技)、APPRO、明泰科技(alpha)都有高清产品推出，而且这些厂家规模也不小。 而在中国地区，数字监控厂家海康威视、科达科技、大华、天地伟业，17 徽商职业学院 传统的模拟监控厂家景阳、金三立、宏天智，以数字监控见长的黄河数字、朗驰欣创等，也适时顺应市场需求，加入到了网络摄像机技术的开发与产品生产中，这些企业大多数有高清产品推出。其中海康威视和科达由于品牌较大实力较强，较早推出高清产品，而且不止一款。当然也有一些小型厂家也有该类产品推出，就没有作进一步调查。 8、采取策略 打造本产品的特色，在我们平时使用监控摄像头的时候经常会遇到逆光现象，选用超动态摄像头或者有背景补偿功能的摄像头也是改善出入口逆光现象的一种方法。一般摄像头都有AGC(自动增益控制)功能，即有强弱信号自动提高摄像头内部的放大增益， 将强信号自动降低摄像头内部放大器增益，使最终的输出信号基本不随输入信号的变化而变化，输出信号幅值基本维持不变的功能，但是一般摄像头的这种自动调节功能是有限的，一旦出现很强的信号(如强烈的逆光的现象)超过了一般摄像头自动调节范围，放大器就饱和，就起不到自动调节作用，监视器画面上就会出现一片边缘模糊的白斑(逆光现象)。而超动态摄像头自动调节的范围比一般摄像头要大。我们可以通过实践感觉到，当现场中出现画面层次比较丰富的目标物体时，用普通摄像头摄取目标物体时，所获得的画面层次较多，所以选用超动态摄像对画面反差比较大的逆光问题，也能起到一定的改善的作用。 降低生产成本，采用高清成像技术，增加本产品的知名度。产品质量和价格是各大生产商们最引以为傲的两大竞争优势，这也是工程商和经销商采购安防产品时最看重的两个因素。品牌知名度高是其主要竞争优势，品牌知名度普遍较低是安防中小生产商们竞争的软肋。 9、总结 通过这次的学习，使我更加熟悉如何对市场的分析，了解到产品销售的一些策略，对我们以后从事销售行业及自主创业有很大的帮助。 ItAAAASA Close to the desired solution was prepared, and then use the reference material (or another material standard) to determine its exact concentration. This determines its exact concentration is called calibration. For example, for the preparation of 0.1mol • L-1HCl standard solution, first with a certain amount of concentrated HCl diluted with water, mixed concentration is about 0.1mol • L-1 in dilute solution, and then use the anhydrous Na2CO3 benchmark solution titration accurately weigh the material until both quantitative response fully, and then consumed in the titration of aqueous solution of HCl volume and quality of anhydrous Na2CO3, calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. Most accurate concentrations of the standard solution are determined by calibration of the method. Constant component in the determination of standard solution concentration range of 0.01 mol • L-1-1 mol • L-1, typically according to the components to be tested to select the height of the size of standard solution concentration. In order to improve the accuracy of calibration, calibration should pay attention to the following points: ? determination of calibration should be parallel 3-4, repeated at least three times, and called for determination of the relative deviation is less than 0.2%. ? in order to reduce measurement error, weighing the baseline amount of substance should not be too few, weighing at least 0.2G above; same titration at the end consumption of standard solutions or too small in size, the best is 20mL. C preparation of calibration solutions and use liquor, such as glassware, such as volumetric flasks and pipettes, where necessary, corrected volume, and considering the effect of temperature. D calibration good of standardOperated by stock solution was prepared solution, in principle only be diluted once, if necessary, dilute the secondary. Dilution of too many accumulated error is too large, affect the accuracy of the results. 2. calibration cannot be directly made accurate concentrations of the standard solution, first solution was prepared, and then select the base material calibration. Do the titration with acid and alkali solution, it is usually prepared with about 0.1mol • The concentration of L-1. Of solid acid and alkali solution prepared from original, generally only accurate to 1~2 significant figures, it can be graduated cylinders measuring liquids or solid reagents weigh in the scales, add the solvent (water), graduated cylinder or measuring cup amounts. But in the whole process of calibration solution, everything is very strict and accurate. Weighing standard substances requires the use of analytical balance, accurate to four digits after the decimal point. Volume calibration solution, if it were to participate in the concentration are calculated using volumetric flasks, pipettes, burets accurate operation, not sloppy. (B) the general solution preparation and preservation methods of 1:1 (or 1+1), 1:2 (1+2) volume is expressed as concentration. For example, 1:1 solution of H2SO4, the original concentrated H2SO4 volume 1 volume, mix with 1 volume of water. And as 1:3 HCl, the original volume 1 volume hydrochloric acid and three volumes of water and mix. Preparation of solution, according to the requirements on the accuracy of solution concentration should be determined on the balance at the level of the weighing; record should be written to several significant figures; the prepared solution choose what kind of vessel. That accurate, it should be very strict tolerances can be less stringent. The "quantity" concept