I. 概述:英语中,不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态要用不同的动词
形式来表示。动作发生的时间不同,动词的形式就有所不同。所以,
动词的时态就是指动词在某一个时间段内应当采取的相应动词形态。
我们已经学过的6种时态分别是:
1. _______________
2. _______________
3. _______________
4._____
__________5. _______________6. _______________
II. 详解:
一、一般现在时:
概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况或是客观存在。时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day, year,month…),
once a week,on sundays,…
基本结构:①be动词am/is/are;②行为动词原形或单数第三人称。
否定形式:
1.The Greens usually _____ TV on Sunday evening.
A. watch
B. watches
C. are watching
D. is watching
2. Mr Black often _____ fishing on Sundays, _____ he ?
A. goes…doesn't
B. goes…isn't
C. don't go…does
D. doesn't go…is
3. He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.
A rose; set
B rises; sets
C rises, set
D rise; sets
二、一般过去时:
概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week (year,night,month...),
in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,o nce upon a time,…
基本结构:①be动词过去式was/were;②行为动词过去式。
否定形式:
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自我
:
1. I ____ very hard when I was young.
A. study
B. studied
C. had studied
D. shall study
2. ___ he ___ a good time last Sunday?
A. Were; were
B. Did; do
C. Did; has
D. Did; have
3.---When__you come here? ---We__here last week.
A.do;come
B.do;came
C.did;came
D.did;come
三、现在进行时:
概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:now,at this time,these days,…
基本结构:am/is/are +_____________ 否定形式:_____________
_____________
一般疑问句:把______动词放在句首
【注意】短暂性动词如leave, begin, come, go, die等,可用_____
________时表示将来。
句子中含有look, can you see/listen等等,都要暗示用进行时,另外,要注意以下动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子。如:1.表示感
觉 see heard 等 2.表示喜欢或者厌恶 likelove hate.3.表示希望 w ant would like 4.表示状态 be 5.表示归属 have 6.表示思维,知识,或能力 know forget等
1. ---What is he doing now? ---He___a picture.
A. draws
B. drew
C. is drawing
D. was drawing
2. Don’t talk here. Grandparents ___.
A. sleep
B. is sleeping
C. are sleeping
D. slept
3. Look ! The boy students are _____ football while the girls
are _____ .
A.playing;dance
B.playing;dancing
C.play;dancing
D.play;dance
4. Some are ______ in the river and some are ______ games.
A. swimming; playing
B. swimming;plaiing
C. swiming; playing
D. swiming;plaing
四、过去进行时:
概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用表示过去时间的状语
来表示。
基本结构:_______________________ 否定形式:_________________
______
一般疑问句:把was或were放在句首
When和while的用法
1. I _____ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I ___
__ to work.
A. was teaching; didn't go
B. taught; didn't go
C. was teachi ng; went
D. taught; went
2. This time yesterday Jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV.
A. repaired; didn't watch
B. was repairing; watched
C. repaired; watched
D. was repairing; wasn't watching
3. When you _____ at the door, I _____ some washing.
A. knocked; did
B. was knocking; did
C. knocked; was doing
D.
knock; am doing
4. The boy_____ English on the radio when I _____ his door.
A. learned; was opening
B. was learning; opened
C. learned; o pened
D. is learning; open
5. A young man _____ her while she _____ her work .
A. watched; was doing
B. was watching; did
C. watched; did
D.
was watching; was doing
五、一般将来时:
概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、
或准备做某事。时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year…),soon,in
a few minutes,the day after tomorrow,…
基本结构:①am/is/are going to +do;(表计划,或者是某种迹
象表明将要发生的
事)②will/shall+do(其他)
否定形式:①am/is/are +not+going to +do;② will/shall
+not+do
一般疑问句:①be放于句首;② will/shall提到句首
【注意】
(1) “will + 动词原形”可用于_____人称, shall常用在__________ _人称后。
(2)“________________+ 动词原形”表示即将发生某事或人为计划要
做某事。
1.--- ___ you ___ free tomorrow? ---No. I ____ free the day a fter tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will
B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be
D. Are; going to be; will be
2. He ______ in three days.
A. coming back
B. came back
C. will come back
D. comes back
3. If he ______ to college, he _____ a lot more.
A. will go…will learn
B. will go…is going to learn
C. is going… is going to learn
D. goes… will learn
4. When she _____ next time ,I ______ her everything.
A. is going to come…shall tell
B. will come…shall tell
C. comes…will tell
D. comes…tell
5. There ___ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to be
B. is going to have
C. is going to be
D. will have
6. It ___ us a long time to learn English well.
A. took
B. will take
C. spends
D. will spend
六、现在完成时:
概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过
去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语:already, never, ever, just, yet, since…, for…, in the past few years, …
基本结构:have/____________ +done
否定形式:_________________________
一般疑问句:have/has放于句首
【注意】
(1)现在完成时属于现在时态范围,不能和表示过去时间的状语连用,
如 yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1960 等连用。
(2) “have/ has been to + 地名”表示“_______________”, 说话
时人已回到说话地点, 常与once, twice, never, ever等时间状语连用。Have gone to_________________说话时人没在说话地点。
“have/ has been in + 地名”跟时间段连用,表示待在某地多长时间。
(3)由于现在完成时态中的非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语
连用,这时这些动词可作相应的变化
自我检测:
1. You kept me waiting for two hours. I _____ for you since f ive.
A. waited
B. wait
C. have waited
D. have wait
2. ---_____ you ever _____America ? ---Yes, I have
A. Have… gone to
B. Have… gone in
C. Have… been to
D. Hav e… been in
3. The Greens _____ China for five years.
A. has been in
B. have been in
C. have been to
D. has gone to
5 He ___ in our school for 20 years and he ___ here in 1977.
A. has taught; came
B. has taught; has come
C. taught; came
D. has teached; has came
6. ---_____you _____ the text yet ? ---Yes, we _____ it two h ours ago.
A. Did, copy; did
B. Have, copied; have
C. Have, copied; did
D. Did, copy; had
7. ---_____ you ______ the film before ? and when ____ you __ ___ it ?
A. Have, seen; did, see
B. Did, see; die, watch
C. Have, seen; have, seen
D. Did, see; have, seen
8. Her grandpa___ for three years.
A. has been dead
B. has died
C. had been dead
D. died
9. Tom ___ London for two years.
A. had left
B. has gone away
C. has been away from
D. had bee n away from
10. ---Are you going to the bank, Laura? ---No, I ____ to the bank already.
A. have been
B. have gone
C. am going
D. had been
11. She _______ this book for nearly three weeks.
A. has borrowed
B. has lent
C. has bought
D. has kept
12. ---- Why won’t you go to the movie with me, Gina? ---- B ecause I it twice.
A. see
B. have seen
C. saw
D. will see
13.---Where is my sister, mum? ---She______to the library. Sh
e will be back soon.
A. has been
B. is going
C. has gone
D. will go
用所给词的适当形式提空。
1. Mr Brown will go fishing if it ____________ (not rain) tom orrow.
2. I think he ____________ (be) back in a week.
3. ---Who____________ (knock) at the door? ---I don’t know. Let me go and see.
4. Bill is strict with himself. He never ____________ (leave) today’s work for tomorrow.
5. Mr. Wang ____________ (read) a newspaper in the office at this time yesterday.
6. They never knew what ____________ (happen) to the world in
a hundred years.
7. About 400 years ago, Galileo(伽利略) proved that the earth
__________(go) around the sun.
8.He was fifty-six. In two years he ____________ (be) fifty-e ight.
9. He___________(lend) you this calculator as soon as he_____
____(finish) his maths exercises.
10. The train ____________ (come), can you _________(see) it?
11. He _________ (tell) me that he__________ (go) to see his twins in Beijing the next Saturday.
12. He____________(walk) with a camera in the street when I__
______(see) him yesterday.
13. He __________ (live) in the north for three years. Now he
________(be) used to cold weather.
14. He ________ (write) a report for the newspaper last night.
15. Light __________ (travel) more quickly than sound does
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