[重点]化脓性链球菌
化鸥性鸥球菌
[编编本段 ]编介
脓球菌 (Streptococcus)是化性球菌的另一常的菌,广泛存在于自然界和人及脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓
物便和健康人鼻咽部,引起各化性炎症,猩,丹毒,新生儿血症,膜炎,褥脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓 脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓以及球菌反性疾病等。 胞沿一个平面分裂,常排列
成状的菌。革氏染色阳性,但在旧培基或液脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓
本中常呈性。广泛分布于自然界。分致病性和非致病脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓
性两大。根据在血脂培基上的溶血特征可分三不同型:甲型,脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓α,溶血性脓球菌又称草色球菌,菌落周出草色溶血,通常寄居脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓
在人的口咽腔、呼吸道及脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓道中,致病力弱。乙型,β,溶血性球菌生脓脓脓脓脓脓烈的强溶血毒素,在血脂培基上,可脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓使菌落周出2,4毫米、界限分明、无色透明的溶血,脓致病力强,能引起人脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓多疾病、根据抗原构造不同,又分成A、B、C、D等18个群,在一每群中,因表面抗原的不同,又分成若干群脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓,人有致病性的大多数属于A群。丙型,γ,球菌不溶血,人脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓无致病作用。球菌所致疾
病具有而多脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓的特点,一方面,由于菌型多,且既
有侵力也有脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓毒素,另一方面,人体各器官均高度易
感,且有脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓反机制参与病。球菌生的侵性有:透
明酸脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓、球菌激和道,streptodornase,等,脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓生的毒素有:球菌溶血素、脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓斑毒素,一耐的外毒素,又叫猩毒素,由A群脓脓脓脓脓脓球菌中的部分菌株所脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓生,。反性疾病如湿脓 、急性脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓小球性炎等,均可由A群脓脓脓球菌感染引。脓脓
[编编本段 ]抗原编编构
主要有三: 脓 1,核蛋白抗原或称P抗原,无特异性,各球菌脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓均同,与葡萄球菌有交叉。 2,多糖抗原 或称C抗原系族脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓特异性抗原,是菌壁
的成成脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓份。人致病的90%属于A族,其次脓B族,其它族少脓 。 3,蛋白抗原脓脓脓或称表面抗M、R、T、S等四脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓不同性制的抗原份,具有型特
异性。是球菌胞脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓壁的蛋白抗原,位于C抗原外脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓,同族球菌可根据表面抗原不同脓脓脓脓脓脓行分型,如A族脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓状菌可据此分60多型。 按 C抗原不同可分脓
A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、K、L、M、N、O、P、Q、R、S、T等18个族。人脓脓致病的大多属于A族。A族又称化性球菌,脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓Pyogenicstreptococcus,。 [编编本段 ]形与编编编编染色
本菌革阳性菌,呈状排列,的脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓短与菌的及
境有脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓 ,在液体培基中易成。
[编编本段 ]培特性编编编
在血平板上可形成灰白色、脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓 脓脓脓 化形、凸起、小菌落,菌落周出透明溶血。脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓性球菌可以皮口或空气沫播引起化性感染,如淋巴脓脓炎.淋巴管炎.蜂脓脓脓炎.脓.脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓疱等局部皮及皮下感染以及扁桃体炎.咽炎.中耳炎.脓脓脓脓脓脓脓褥等其他系化性脓脓脓脓感染. 化性球菌是致病脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓的一球菌,能生强力最多毒素,球菌溶素O和S、脓脓脓脓脓脓疹毒素,、M蛋白、脂磷壁酸和脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓激、道、透明酸等致病因子,可引起急性咽炎、呼吸道感染、丹毒、脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓疱病、感染、心内膜炎和膜炎等,毒脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓脓株可引起猩等。