大学英语四级真题2003年06月

2003年6月大学英语四级考试试 Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A 1. A) At a theatre. B) At a booking office. C) At a railway station. D) At a restaurant. 2. A) The man is inviting the woman to dinner, B) The woman is too busy to join the man for dinner. C) The woman is a friend of the Stevensons. D) The man is going to visit the Stevensons. 3. A) The professor's presentation was not convincing enough. B) The professor's lecture notes were too complicated. C) The professor spoke with a strong accent, D) The professor spoke too fast, 4. A) The furnished apartment was inexpensive. B) The apartment was provided with some old furniture. C) The furniture in the market was on sale every Sunday. D) The furniture he bought was very cheap. 5. A) The man is thinking about taking a new job. B) The man likes a job that enables him to travel. C) The man is sure that he will gain more by taking the job. D) The man doesn't want to stay home and take care of their child. 6. A) Take the GBE test again in 8 weeks. B) Call to check his scores. C) Be patient and wait. D) Inquire when the test scores are released. 7. A) She read it selectively. B) She went over it chapter by chapter. C) She read it slowly. D) She finished it at a stretch. 8. A) He was kept in hospital for a long time. B) He was slightly injured in a traffic accident. C) He was seriously wounded in a mine explosion. D) He was fined for speeding. 9. A) Wait for a taxi. B) Buy some food. C) Go on a trip. D) Book train tickets. 10. A) Its not as hard as expected. B) It's too tough for some students. C) It's much more difficult than people think. D) It's believed to be the hardest optional course. Section B Passage One Questions II to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A) Anxious and worried. B) Proud and excited. C) Nervous and confused. D) Inspired and confident. 12. A) His father scolded him severely. B) His father took back the six dollars. C) His father made him do the cutting again. D) His father cut the leaves himself. 13. A) One can benefit a lot from working with his father. B) Manual labourers shouldn't be looked down upon. C) One should always do his job earnestly. D) Teenagers tend to be careless. Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. A) He ran a village shop. B) He worked on a farm. C) He worked in an advertising agency. D) He was a gardener. 15. A) It was stressful. B) It was colorful. C) It was peaceful. D) It was boring. 16. A) His desire to start his own business. B) The crisis in his family life. C) The decline in his health. D) His dream of living in the countryside. Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 17. A) Because there are no signs to direct them. B) Because no tour guides are available. C) Because all the buildings in the city look alike. D) Because the university is everywhere in the city. 18. A) They set their own exams. B) They select their own students. C) They award their own degrees. D) They organize their own laboratory work. 19. A) Most of them have a long history. B) Many of them are specialized libraries. C) They house more books than any other university library. D) They each have a copy of every book published in Britain. 20. A) Very few of them are engaged in research. B) They were not awarded degrees until 1948. C) They have outnumbered male students. D) They were not treated equally until 1881. Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet (芭蕾舞). Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log haft that time. All in all, however, children's leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%. "Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机) that affects their parents," says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children's timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and "male breadwinner" households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers. ) All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. "Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself," says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it. The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing "free time" watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they're spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren't replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let's face it, who's got the time? 21. By mentioning "the same time crunch" (Line1, Para. 2) Sandra Hofferth means________. A) children have little time to play with their parents B) children are not taken good care of by their working parents C) both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure time D) both parents and children have trouble managing their time 22. According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is________. A) quite convincing B) partially true C) totally groundless D) rather confusing 23. According to the author a child develops better if________. A) he has plenty of time reading and studying B) he is left to play with his peers in his own way C)he has more time participating in school activities D)he is free to interact with his working parents 24. The author is concerned about the fact that American kids________. A) are engaged in more and more structured activities B) are increasingly neglected by their working mothers C) are spending more and more time watching TV D) are involved less and less in household work 25. We can infer from the passage that________. A) extracurricular activities promote children's intelligence B) most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched off C) efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitful D) most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, "The business of America is business." By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world. Few would argue with Ford's statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as "the entertainment industry" or "show business." The positive side of Henry Ford's statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U. S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance (大题) because the U. S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life. The negative side of Henry Ford's statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business -- referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing -- the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high -- creates feelings of insecurity for many. 26. The United States is a typical country________. A) which encourages free trade at home and abroad B) where people's chief concern is how to make money C) where all businesses are managed scientifically D) which normally works according to the federal budget 27. The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that________. A) most newspapers are run by big businesses B) even public organizations concentrate on working for profits C ) Americans of all professions know how to do business D) even arts and entertainment are regarded as business 28. According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U. S. , dreaming that________. A)they can start profitable businesses there B)they can be more competitive in business C) they will make a fortune overnight there D) they will find better chances of employment 29. Henry Ford's statement can be taken negatively because________. A)working people are discouraged to fight for their rights B) there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists C) there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor D) public services are not run by the federal government 30. A company's efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in________. A) reduction in the number of employees B) improvement of working conditions C) fewer disputes between labor and management D) a rise in workers' wages Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses (差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings. Nor did the lapses appear to be entirely random(随机的). One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. "The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,' explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman's custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme." About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures." Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing -- an average of twelve each. There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest (荒谬可笑的). These are two hours some time between eight a. m. and noon, between four and six p. m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m. "Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain ' programmes' occurs, as for instance between going to and from work." Women on average reported slightly more lapses -- 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men -- probably because they were more reliable reporters. A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse -- even dangerous. 31. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects_______. A)to keep track of people who tend to forget things B)to report their embarrassing lapses at random C) to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically D)to keep a record of what they did unintentionally 32. Professor Smith discovered that________. A) certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents B) many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness C) men tend to be more absent-minded than women D) absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness 33. "Programme assembly failures"( Line 6, Para. 2) refers to the phenomenon that people________. A) often fail to programme their routines beforehand B)tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry C) unconsciously change the sequence of doing things D)are likely to mess things up if they are too tired 34. We learn from the third paragraph that ________. A) absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day B) women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods C) women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness D)men's absent-mindedness often results in funny situations 35. It can be concluded from the passage that________. A) people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses B) hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at C) people should be careful when programming their actions D) lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage: It's no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature dealt them. That's especially true of children who remain in abusive homes because the law blindly favors biological parents. It's also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes (收养孩子的家庭) because of parents who can't or won't care for them but refuse to give up custody (监护) rights. Fourteen-year-old Kimberly Mays fits neither description, but her recent court victory could eventually help children who do. Kimberly has been the object of an angry custody battle between the man who raised her and her biological parents, with whom she has never lived. A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father she's ever known and that her biological parents have "no legal claim" on her. The ruling, though it may yet be reversed, sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage. That's an important development, one that's long overdue. Shortly after birth in December 1978, Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home with the wrong parents. Kimberly's biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988. Medical tests showed that the child wasn't the Twiggs' own daughter, but Kimberly was, thus sparking a custody battle with Robert Mays. In 1989, the two families agreed 'that Mr. Mays would maintain custody with the Twiggs getting visiting rights. Those rights were ended when Mr. Mays decided that Kimberly was being harmed, The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr. Mays rendered her suit debated. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have standing to sue (起诉) on her own behalf. Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw fit. Certainly, the biological link between parent and child is fundamental. But biological parents aren't always preferable to adoptive ones, and biological parentage does not convey an absolute ownership that cancels all the rights of children. 36. What was the primary consideration in the Florida judge's ruling? A) The biological link. B) The child's benefits. C) The traditional practice. D) The parents' feelings. 37. We can learn from the Kimberly case that________. A) children are more than just personal possessions of their parents B) the biological link between parent and child should be emphasized C) foster homes bring children more pain and suffering than care D) biological parents shouldn't claim custody rights after their child is adopted 38. The Twiggs claimed custody rights to Kimberly because________. A) they found her unhappy in Mr. Mays' custody B) they regarded her as their property C) they were her biological parents D) they felt guilty about their past mistake 39. Kimberly had been given to Mr. Mays________. A) by sheer accident B) out of charity C) at his request D) for better care 40. The author's attitude towards the judge's ruling could be described as________. A) doubtful B) critical C) cautious D) supportive Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) 41. She ________ her trip to New York because she was ill. A) called off B) closed down C) put up D) went off 42. ________ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time. A) But for B) In case of C) In spite of D) Because of 43. We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of________. A) rejection B) restriction C) retreat D) recession 44. The ________ of finding gold in California attracted a lot of people to settle down there. A) prospects B) speculations C) stakes D) provisions 45. I suffered from mental ________ because of stress from my job. A) damage B) release C) relief D) fatigue 46. The rest of the day was entirely at his ________ for reading or recreation. A) dismissal B) survival C) disposal D) arrival 47. You will not be ________ about your food in time of great hunger. A) special B) particular C) peculiar D) specific 48. Crime is increasing worldwide, and there is every reason to believe the ________ will continue into the next decade. A) emergency B) trend C) pace D) schedule 49. You shouldn't have written in the ________ since the book belongs to the library. A) interval B) border C) margin D) edge 50. The ________ of airplane engines announced a coming air raid. A) roar B) exclamation C) whistle D) scream 51. This ticket ________ you to a free boat tour on the lake. A) entitles B) appoints C) grants D) credits 52. This is the nurse who ________ to me when I was iii in hospital. A) accompanied B) attended C) entertained D) shielded 53. I was about to ________ a match when I remembered Tom's warning. A) rub B) hit C) scrape D) strike 54. The advertisement says this material doesn't ________ in the wash, but it has. A) contract B) shrink C) slim D) dissolve 55. He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he ________ us that he would try as hard as possible. A) insured B) guaranteed C) assumed D) assured 56. Not only the professionals but also the amateurs will ________ from the new training facilities. A) derive B) acquire C) benefit D) reward 57. The work was almost complete when we received orders to ________ no further with it. A) progress B) proceed C) march D) promote 58. I waited for him half an hour, but he never________. A) turned in B) turned down C) turned off D) turned up 59. A house with a dangerous gas ________ can be broken into immediately. A) leak B) split C) mess D) crack 60. A dark suit is ________ to a light one for evening wear. A) favourable B) suitable C) preferable D) proper 61. It was in the United States that I made the ________ of Professor Jones. A) acknowledgement B) acquaintance C) recognition D) association 62. Could you take a ________ sheet of paper and write your name at the top? A) bare B) vacant C) hollow D) blank 63. A culture in which the citizens share similar religious beliefs and values is more likely to have laws that represent the wishes of its people than is a culture where citizens come from ________ backgrounds. A) extensive B) influential C) diverse D) identical 64. Areas where students have particular difficulty have been treated ________ particular care. A) by B) in C ) under D) with 65. He gave a ________ to handle the affairs in a friendly manner. A) pledge B) mission C ) plunge D) motion 66. Don't let the child play with scissors ________ he cuts himself. A) in case B) so that C) now that D) only if 67. ________ the danger from enemy action, people had to cope with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything. A) As far as B) As long as C) As well as D) As soon as 68. Many people lost their jobs during the business ________. A) desperation B) decrease C) despair D) depression 69. Whenever a big company ________ a small one, the product almost always gets worse. A) gets on with B) cuts down C) takes over D) puts up with 70. Mr. Smith was the only witness who said that the fire was________. A) mature B) deliberate C) meaningful D) innocent Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions (15 minutes) What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? I think the following would be generally accepted. First, the teacher's personality should be lively and attractive. This does not rule out people who are plain-looking, or even ugly, because many such people have great personal charm. But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated. Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy, a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, the minds and feelings of children. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant -- not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the weaknesses and immaturity of human nature which induce (诱导) people, and again especially children, to make mistakes. Thirdly, I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act -- to enliven (使生动)a lesson, correct a fault, or award praise. Children, especially young children, live in a world that is rather larger than life. A teacher must be capable of infinite patience. This, I may say, is largely a matter of self-discipline and self-training, for we are none of us born like that. Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning. Teaching is a job at which one will never be perfect; there is always something more to learn about it. There are three principal objects of study: the subjects which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which the subjects can best be taught to the particular pupils in the classes he is teaching; and -- by far the most important w the children, young people, or adults to whom the subjects are to be taught. The two fundamental principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best acquired through full and active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and the learner. S1. Plain-looking teachers can also be admired by their students ff they have ________. S1._____________________________________________________ S2. The author says it is ________ that teachers be sympathetic with their students. S2._____________________________________________________ S3. A teacher should be tolerant because humans tend to have ________ and to be________. S3. (1)_____________________________________________________ (2)_____________________________________________________ S4. A teacher who is ________ will be able to make his lessons more lively. S4._____________________________________________________ S5. How can a teacher acquire infinite patience? ________. S5._____________________________________________________ S6. Since teaching is a job no one can be perfect at, it is necessary for teachers to keep improving their knowledge of the subjects they teach and their________. S6._____________________________________________________ S7. Teachers' most important object of study is ________. S7._____________________________________________________ S8. Education cannot be best acquired without________ between the teacher mad the learner. S8._____________________________________________________ Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an eye-witness account of a traffic accident. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 2003年6月四级全真试题答案与解析 PartⅠ Listening Comprehension section A 1．W：George, look at the long waiting line．I'm glad you've made a reservation. M：More and more people enjoy eating out now．Besides, this place is especially popular with overseas students． Q：Where does this conversation most probably take place? 2．M：I wonder if you can drop by tomorrow evening．The Stevensons are coming over for dinner. I'd like you to meet them． W：Sure，I'd love to．I've heard they are very interesting people． Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 3. W: The presentation made by Professor Jackson was too complicated to understand. M: Well, I think he didn't speak slowly enough for us to take notes. Q: What is the man's complaint? 4. W: You've got your apartment furnished, haven't you? M: Yes. I bought some used furniture at the Sunday market, and it was a real bargain. Q: What does the man mean? 5. M: Mary doesn't want me to take the job. She says our child is too young and the job requires much traveling. W: You should talk to her again and see if you could find a way out. Think about the gains and losses before you make a decision. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 6. M: I haven't got my scores on the GRE test yet. Do you think I should call to make inquiries? W: There is no hurry. The test scores are released at least 8 weeks after the test. Q: What does the woman advise the man to do? 7. M: Have you finished reading the book you bought last month? W: Oh, I didn't read it straight through the way you'd read a novel. I just covered a few chapters that interested me most. Q: How did the woman read the book? 8. W: Hi, John. Haven't seen you for quite a while. Are you fine? M: Oh, yes. But luck seemed to go against me. I had a car accident. Only some minor injuries, though. Q: What happened to John? 9. M: The taxi is waiting downstairs. Let's hurry. W: Wait a minute. H1 take some food with us. I don't like the meals served on the train. Q: What are the speakers going to do? 10. W: Is that optional course as hard as everybody says? M: It's actually even worse, believe it or not. Q: What does the man say about the course? Section B Passage One My father woke me up early one morning when I was fourteen, and announced "Get up! You are going with me to cut grass." I felt proud and excited, because my father thought I was responsible enough to help him in his business. Still, that first day was very hard. From sunrise to sunset, my father, my younger brother and I cut and trimmed very large yards in a well-to-do part of the city. By the end of the day, I was exhausted, but I felt good. I had put in a hard day's labor and had earned six dollars. One day, my father spotted some leaves I had missed cutting, and pulled me aside. "Cut that section again," he said firmly, "and don't make me have to tell you to do it again." The message was clear. Today, I stress the importance of doing a job right the first time. In every job I have held, from cutting lawns to washing dishes to working a machine on the construction site, I have learned something that helped me in my next job. If you work hard enough, you can learn from any job you do. Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. How did the speaker feel when his father asked him to help cut grass? 12. What did his father do when the speaker missed cutting some leaves? 13. What did the speaker want to tell us in this passage? Passage Two I live in a small village in the country. My wife and I run the village shop. We have a very peaceful life--boring, some might say, but we love it. We know all the people in the village, and have plenty of time to stop and chat. I have plenty of time for my hobbies, too- gardening, fishing, walking in the countryside. I love the outdoor life. It wasn't always like this, though. I used to have a really stressful job, working till late at the office every evening, and often bringing work home at the weekend. The advertising world is very competitive, and when I look back, I can't imagine how I stood it. I had no private life at all, no time for the really important things in life. Because of the pressure of the job, I used to smoke and drink too much. The crisis came when my wife left me. She complained that she never saw me and that I had no time for family life. This made me realize what was really important to me. I talked things through with her, and decided to get back together again and to start a new and better life together. I gave up tobacco and alcohol and searched for new hobbies. Now, I'm afraid of looking back, since the past life seemed a horrible dream. Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. What did the speaker use to do for a living? 15. What do we know about the speaker's life in the past? 16. What made the speaker change his life style? Passage Three "Where is the University?" is the question many visitors to Cambridge ask, but no one could point them in any one direction, because there is no campus. The university consists of 31 self-governing colleges. It has lecture hails, libraries, laboratories, museums and offices throughout the city. Individual colleges choose their own students who have to meet the minimum entrance requirements set by the university. Undergraduates usually live and study in their colleges where they are taught in very small groups. Lectures and laboratory and practical work are organized by the university and held in university buildings. There are over 10,000 undergraduates and 3,500 postgraduates. About 40 percent of them are women, and some 8 percent from overseas. As well as teaching, research is of major importance. Since the beginning of the 20th century, more than 60 university members have won Nobel Prizes. The university has a huge number of buildings for teaching and research. It has more than 60 specialized subject libraries as well as the university library, which, as a copyright library, is entitled to a copy of every book published in Britain. Examinations are set and degrees are awarded by the university. It allowed women to take the university exams in 1881, but it was not until 1948 that they were awarded degrees. Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 17. Why is it difficult for visitors to locate Cambridge University? 18. What does the passage tell us about the colleges of Cambridge University? 19. What can be learned from the passage about the libraries in Cambridge University? 20. What does the passage tell about women students in Cambridge University? Keys: l. D 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. B Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Passage One 21．[C]语义题。该短语所在句子的前文(第1段最后一句)children's leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in1981 to 25%明“孩子的课余时间比以前少了”，而紧接着从Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机)that affects their parents可知父母和孩子都受time crunch的影响，可见the same time crunch是指[C]所表达的“父母和孩子的空闲时间都不够用”。 22．[B]观点态度题。第2段第2句A chief reason，she says，is that more mothers are working outside the home．之后的括号里是作者的观点。转折词nevertheless作者的观点跟前者不完全一致，但作者还是同意Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机)that affects their parents的，因此选态度折中的[B]partially true。另外请注意弄懂后文括号里文字的含义。此处对三种家庭孩子与父母交流的时间作了对比：父母双方挣钱的家庭、父亲单独挣钱的双亲家庭以及只有母亲挣钱的单亲家庭。弄清这些区别，就不会误选[D]或其他选项了。 23．[B]事实细节题。根据第3段最后一句Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers(孩子自由玩乐能促使他们独立思考，并使他们学会处理与同龄人的关系)，其中unstructured play相当于[B]中的play in his own way。 24．[A]观点态度题。文章一开头作者就说孩子们比1981年时上学的时间每周多8小时，他们还做更多的家务，参加更多的有组织性的活动等等。总之，孩子的课余时间比以前少了。而(A)中提到的more and more structured activities就是“更多的有组织性的活动”。[B]是作者在第2段括号里反驳过的观点；[C]错在more and more time，而且作者对孩子看电视也不完全反对。[D]则错在less and less。 25．[D]推理判断题。文章最后一段倒数第2句说“尽管父母费尽心思培养孩子的读书兴趣，可孩子们一周也只不过花一个多小时读书”。由此可见，父母认为读书对孩子有好处，即[D]。[A]中的extracurricular activities包含structured and unstructured activities，文中只说unstructured activities 有助于培养孩子独立思考以及与同龄人交往的能力，没有说structured activities 对intelligence有什么帮助；[B]与文章的倒数第3句不符；[C]与倒数第2句不符。 Passage Two 26．[B]推理判断题。根据第2段第2句 how much people in the United States think about business(美国人有多么重视商业)可推断出[B]符合题意。 27．[D]事实细节题。第2段大量列举了business的影响，特别是根据最后一句：The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as“the entertainment industry" or“show business"(艺术和娱乐界就常被称为“娱乐业”或“展览业”)，而[A]、[B]、[C]均与原文信息不符。 28．[D]事实细节题。根据第3段第2句”如此多的人从世界各地来美国生活，其最重要的原因之一就是梦想找到一份更好的工作”。 29．[C]推理判断题。根据第4段，主要是第2句And the term big business... is seen in opposition to labor(“大商业”这个术语……被认为是与劳工相对的)，这跟[C]中a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor(大公司与劳工之间的对立关系)一致。 30．[A]事实细节加词义题。根据题目中的to keep expenses low and profits high查找到文章的最后一句，其中有downsizing -- the laying off of thousands of workers(减小规模--解雇成千上万的工人)，[A]为原文的同义改写。 Passage Three 31．[D]事实细节加词义题。根据文章第1句，te keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions就是to keep a record of what they did unintentionally，题目中的subjects指实验对象，被测试者。 32．[A]事实细节加词义题。根据文章第2句：... nearly all of them fell into a few groupings。题目中的discover是该句中find的同义词，[A]中的patterns此处与原文中的groupings意义相同。 33．[C]语义题。根据文章第2段最后两句：But somehow the action got reversed in the programme．About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these " programme assembly failures．"其中somehow与[C]中的 unconsciously 对应，the action got reversed 与 change the sequence of doing things 对应，而these " programme assembly failures"指的就是前一句话所说的现象。 34．[A]事实细节题。根据文章第3段的第2、3句：一天之中似乎存在一些人们易犯荒谬可笑错误的高峰时段，那是从上午8点到正午之间的某两个小时以及下午4点到6点之间，在晚上8点到10点之间还有一个小高潮。 35．[D]推理判断题。根据文章最后两句：一般来说，我们会以为技术娴熟可以减少我们所犯的错误。但是为了避免出现愚蠢的失误而更加专注，只会把事情弄得更糟糕，甚至会导致危险。转折词后面的信息更直接说明[D]差错并不总是由于注意力不集中才出现的。 Passage Four 36．[B]推理判断题。根据第2段最后一句A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father she's ever known and that her biological parents have“no legal claim " on her，(女孩被判给她认识的父亲，即养父，而非亲父)以及全文的最后一句中的all the rights of children，可以推断，该判决是从孩子本身的利益出发的。根据第3段可排除[A]。 37．[A]事实细节题。应该到Kimberly case的最后部分找结论，即根据倒数第2段最后一句：金伯莉不仅仅是大人们觉得合适就可以随意处置的“财产”。[A]与该句句型一致，其中的personal possessions为原文中property的同义表达。 38．[C]事实细节题。根据第4段第2、3句：金伯莉的生身父母，欧内斯特和里贾纳·特维格，……医学测试显示……金伯莉才是他们的孩子，从而引发了特维格夫妇与罗伯特·梅斯之间的监护权争讼案。 39．[A]事实细节题。根据第4段第1句:... Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home with the wrong parents，(金伯莉·梅斯与另一名婴儿被阴差阳错地调换了，她们跟着不是自己生身父母的人一起回了家。) 40.[D]观点态度题。根据最后一段：Certainly,... But... 转折句的内容往往体现作者的态度：“但生身父母并不总是比养父母更合适”说明作者是支持法官将金伯莉判给其养父的。 Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure 41．[译文]她固生病取消了纽约之行。 [A] [题解]动词短语辨义：call off“取消”；close down“关闭，歇业”；put up“建造，搭起，支起；张贴；提高(价格、速度 等)；为……提供食宿，投宿；进行(抵抗等)；提供，提出，提名”；go off“爆炸，开火；突然响起；(电等)中断，停止；不再喜欢”。 42．[译文]要不是遇到风暴，船本来会按时到达目的地的。 [A] [题解]这道题的考点是分句间的逻辑关系，要通过后一个分句中的虚拟语气来做出正确判断。but for“要不是，倘若没有”，主句要求使用虚拟语气；in case of“假如，如果发生；防备”；in spite of“不顾，不管”；because of“因为”。 43．[译文]我们应该全力以赴大幅降低利率来拉动经济走出萧条状态。 [D] [题解]形似词辨义：rejection“拒绝”；restriction“限制”；retreat"撤退”；recession“萧条”，与economy“经济”有关。 44．[译文]找到黄金的希望吸引了大量的人来到加利福尼亚定居。 [A] [题解]名词辨义：prospect“前景，前途，(成功等)可能性”；speculation“思考；推断；投机活动；投机买卖”；stake“赌 注；利害关系”；provision“准备，预备；条款，规定；供应”。 45．[译文]因为工作有压力，我精神疲惫不堪。 [D] [题解]近义词辨析：damage“毁坏，损害”；release“释放，排放；解除，解脱”；relief“轻松，宽慰；(痛苦等)缓解，减 轻，解除”；fatigue“疲劳，劳累”。 46．[译文]那天剩下的时间完全任凭他支配——读书也好，娱乐也行。 [C] [题解]形似词辨义及固定搭配：at sb．'s disposal“任某人处理，供某人使用”；dismissal“解雇，遣散，驳回诉讼”；survival“残存，生存；残存的人、风俗、信仰等”；disposal“丢掉，清除；排列，处理”；arrival“到达；到达者”。 47．[译文]饿极了的时候就不会挑食了。 [B] [题解]本题考点看似近义形似词辨义，实乃固定搭配：be particular about“对……过分讲究的，挑剔的”；special“特殊的，特别的”；peculiar“奇怪的，古怪的；特有的，独具的，独特的”；specific“特定的，特有的；明确的；具体的”。 48．[译文]全世界范围内犯罪率都在上升，而且我们有种种理由相信这一趋势将持续到下一个十年。 [B] [题解]名词辨义：emergency “紧急事件，不测事件，非常时刻”；trend “趋向，趋势，倾向”，此处指犯罪率的上升趋 势；pace"(一)步；步速，速度，节奏”；schedule"时刻表，日程安排表；清单，明细表”。 49．[译文]你不该在书的页边空白处乱写乱画，这本书是图书馆的。 [C] [题解]近义词辨析：interval“间隔，间距”，常用于at intervals“每隔一段时间(或距离)，不时”中；bolder“边，边缘， 界线；边界，边境”；margin“(书等的)页边空白；差额；余地；边缘”；edge“边，棱，边缘；刀口，刃；优势，优越地位”。 50．[译文]飞机的呼啸声宣告着空袭的到来。 [A] [题解]近义词辨析：roar“呐喊声，咆哮声，吼叫声；轰鸣”，常用于描述飞机、火车、汽车的声音；exclamation“惊叹， 惊叫”；whistle“口哨声，汽笛声”；scream“尖叫声，刺耳的声音”。 51．[译文]这张票可以让你免费乘船在湖面上游览一趟。 [A] [题解]近义词辨析及固定搭配：entitle sb．to (do) sth．“使某人有权做某事/享用某物”；appoint的用法是appoint sb，to do sth．“委派某人做某事”；grant的用法为grant sb．sth．或grant sth．to sb，“将某物赐给某人”；credit 作动词时意为“把……记入贷方；(to)把……归于”，用法为credit sth. to sb．“把某事归功于某人”。 52．[译文]这就是那位在我生病住院时照顾我的护士。 [B] [题解]固定搭配：四个选项中只有attend可与to搭配，意为“照料”；accompany“陪伴；伴随；伴奏”；entertain“招 待，款待；给……娱乐，使欢乐”；shield“保护，防护”。 53．[译文]我刚要划火柴，突然想起了Tom的警告。 [D] [题解]近义词辨析及固定搭配：尽管四个词都与“击、打、擦、刮”有关，但strike a match乃固定搭配“划火柴”； rub"擦，摩擦”；hit"打，击，击中；碰撞；伤害，殃及”；scrape“刮，擦”。 54．[译文]广告说这种不缩水，但实际上不然。 [B] [题解]近义词辨析：shrink指“(布料等浸湿后)起皱，(个头、尺寸等)收缩”；contract指“(金属等)收缩，缩小”；slim“(用运动、节食等)变苗条，减轻体重”；dissolve“溶解，融化；消失，减弱”。 55．[译文]他为能被选中参加比赛而自豪，并向我们保证他会全力以赴。 [D] [题解]近义/形似词辨析及用法：四个选项中只有assure可用于assure sb．that sb．else will do sth．或sth．Will happen 结构中，表示“向某人保证另外一个人会做某事或某事会发生”；insure“给……保险”；guarantee表示对产品的质量、服务或义务的实施等“担保”，后接名词或不定式；assume“假定，假设，臆断；承担，担任，就职；呈现，具有，采取”。 56．[译文]专业运动员和业余选手都将受益于新的训练设施。 [C] [题解]动词辨义及固定搭配：derive from“来自”；benefit from“受益于”；acquire“取得；获得；学到”和reward“报答，酬谢，奖励”均为及物动词，后面不需要接from。 57．[译文]工作都快做完了，我们突然接到命令说不要再继续进行下去了。 [B] [题解]形似/近义词辨析及固定搭配：四个选项中只有proceed可以与with搭配，表示“继续下去”；progress“前进，进步，进展”；march“行军，前进；游行示威”；promote为及物动词，“促进，增进，发扬；提升，提拔；宣传，推销(商品等)”。 58．[译文]我等了他半个小时他也没出现。 [D] [题解]动词短语辨义：turn in“交出，上交；上床睡觉”；turn down“关小，调低；拒绝”；turn off“关，关掉；拐弯，离……转入另一条路”；turn up"开大，调大；出现，来到”。 59．[译文]如果一个房子有严重的煤气泄漏现象，他人可以立即破门而入。 [A] [题解]近义词辨析及固定搭配：gas leak“煤气泄漏”；split“裂口，分裂”；mess“凌乱状态，脏乱状态；混乱的局面，困境”；crack“裂缝，缝隙”。 60．[译文]深色衣服比浅色衣服更适合作晚装。 [C] [题解]形似/近义词辨析及固定搭配：preferable与to 搭配，构成A is preferable to B 的结构，意为“A比B更可取/更好／更合意”；favourable“称赞的，赞同的；有利的，顺利的”，suitable“合适的，适宜的”和proper"适合的，恰当的；合乎体统的”均不与to搭配，也没有比较含义。 61．[译文]我是在荚国结识Jones教授的。 [B] [题解]形似词辨义及固定搭配：make the acquaintance of sb．“结识某人”；acknowledgement“感谢，承认，确认”；recognition“认出，识别；承认，确认，认可；赏识，表彰，报偿”；association“协会，社团，联盟；结合，交往，联合”。 62．[译文]请你找张空白纸把名字写在顶上，好吗? [D] [题解]近义词辨析：bare “光秃秃的，毫无遮蔽的，赤裸的”；vacant"(座位、房间等)未被占用的，空着的，(职位、工作等)空缺的，(神情等)茫然的，(心灵)空虚的”；hollow“中空的，空心的”；blank“空白的，完全的，未录音的，未填写的”，常修饰纸、、磁带等。 63．[译文]一个其国民拥有相似的宗教信仰和价值观的国家比一个其国民背景不同的国家更有可能具有代表国民愿望的法律。 [C] [题解]形容词辨义及逻辑关系判断：根据句中more... than这一比较结构所表达的对比关系来判断，此处应选与similar“相似的”意思相反的词diverse“不一样的，相异的；多种多样的”；extensive“广大的，广阔的；广泛的，大量的”；influential“有影响的，有权势的”；identical“相同的，相等的；同一的”。 64．[译文]学生感到特别困难的地方已经特别小心地处理了。 [D] [题解]固定搭配：with car的意思相当于carefully，类似的表达还有with ease，相当于easily。其他三个介词不与care构成固定搭配。 65．[译文]他许诺过他会以友好的方式来处理这些事。 [A] [题解]形似词辨义及固定搭配：pledge“保证，誓言”，make/give a pledge to sth，/ to do sth．“发誓/ 保证做某事”；mission“使命，任务，天职；代表团，使团”；plunge“投身入水；猛跌，骤降”；motion“(物体的)运动；手势，眼色，动作；提议，动议”。 66．[译文]不要让孩子玩剪刀，以免他割伤自己。 [A] [题解]主从句之间的逻辑关系判断：in case"以防，以免”；so that,“以便”；now that“既然”；only if “只有”。 67．[译文]人们不仅要对付敌军进攻的危险，而且还要与严重的缺衣少食、以及燃料等几乎各种物品的奇缺作斗争。 [C] [题解]体现逻辑关系的短语辨义：as far as“到……程度，就……”；as/so long as“只要”；as well as“也，既……又”；as soon as“一……就”。在本句中连接的是a severe shortage of food，clothing，fuel，and almost everything 和the danger from enemy action， 换个语序就是：People had to cope with a severe shortage of food，clothing，fuel，and almost everything as well as the danger from enemy action． 68．[译文]很多人在经济萧条时期失去了工作。 [D] [题解]形似词辨义：desperation“绝望；不顾一切，孤注一掷”；decrease“减小，减少(量)”；despair"绝望，使人绝望的人或事物”；depression“不景气，萧条(期)”。 69．[译文]但凡大公司接管小公司后，其产品往往都会不如从前。 [C] [题解]动词短语辨义：get on with “与……相处(融洽)；继续”；cut down“削减，减少；砍倒，杀死”take over“接管，接收；承袭，借用”；put up with“容忍，忍受”。 70．[译文]Smith先生是惟一一个说有人故意酿成那场火灾的证人。 [B] [题解]形容词辨义：mature“成熟的；深思孰虑的，慎重的”；deliberate“(尤指坏事)故意的”，此处修饰火灾；meaningful“有意义的”；innocent“清白的，无罪的，无辜的；无害的，没有恶意的”。 Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions S1．[题解]plain-looking可以在文章第2段找到，根据其所在句子答题。可以得1分的回答有：personal charm，great personal charm，(great)charm，(a) lively and attractive personality，attraction等。 S2．[题解]be sympathetic with在文章中不能直接找到，但在第3段首句可以找到同义短语have a genuine capacity for sympathy，前面出现的it is not merely desirable but essential，强调essential，但回答desirable也是可以接受的。可以得1分的回答有essential，desirable，not merely desirable(but essential)，(both)desirable and essential，important and essential，important等。 S3．[题解]tolerant一词可以在第3段的破折号前找到，题目中的 humans tend to 呼应该句后面的human nature。(1)可得1分的回答有weaknesses，weakness等；(2)可得1分的回答有immature，induced to make mistakes等。 S4．[题解]make his lessons more lively在文章中是用“enliven(使生动)a lesson”表达的。可得1分的回答有good at acting，able to put on an act，a bit of an actor，like an actor，a good actor等。 S5．[题解]infinite patience是在文章倒数第2段首句提到的。可以得2分的回答有：By self-discipline and self-training．/(He can acquire it)through self-discipline and self-training．/Discipline and train himself/ Get more self-discipline and self-training．/The teacher should have self-discipline and self-training．/He or she should train and discipline himself or herself. /He needs self-discipline and self-training．/To have(Having) self-discipline and self-training．/Self-discipline and self-training．等等 S6.[题解]no one can be perfect at teaching 这一信息是在最后一段的第2句提到的，第3句就列举了3个需要进一步了解的对象，其中第2点就是本题的考点。能够得1分的回答有：teaching methods，method(s) of teaching，methods to teach the subjects best to particular pupils，methods to teach (best)，technique(s) of teaching，methods when they are teaching，methods by which the subjects can best be taught等。 S7．[题解]object of study是在最后一段的第3句中提到的，most important在该句最后。能够得1分的回答有：the students they teach / their students，students to whom subjects are to be taught，the people whom they teach，the student(s) /learner(s) he is teaching，persons/ the person to whom the subjects are to be taught，the people/ person to be taught，the learners such as children。 S8．[题解]Education cannot be best acquired without (1 point) between the teacher and the 1earner．这些划线字眼可以在文章最后找到。能够得1分的回答有：full and active co-operation，good cooperation，cooperation，active cooperation等。 Part Ⅴ Writing 参考范文 An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident Six o'clock yesterday (June 20th，Friday) afternoon when I was walking along the riverbank of our school，an unbelievable scene caught my eyes． A black taxi was rushing head on into the river! Astonished as I was，I still had the presence to take a look into the car before it fell into the water. As it was only about five meters away from me，I could see that the driver was the only person in it．He seemed unconscious of where he was driving until I waved my arms to stop him，but it was too late. Splash! I am wondering how this could happen--the river runs perfectly parallel with the main road and there are no turns or twists nearby．The possible causes I can think of are that the driver was too exhausted or drunken to drive consciously or that he was so hot that he wanted to have a free bath．