CET-42010年06月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷(含答案)

2010年6月英语四级考试真 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 　　1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写 　　2. 出现这种情况的原因 　　3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为… 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。 Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Caught in the Weba Caught in the Web　　 　　A few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs – leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem. 　　"I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart – kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world. 　　Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone. 　　Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible. 　　But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web. 　　"There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction. 　　Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online. 　　The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers.About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline." 　　About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time." 　　"The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling" websites. 　　Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much." 　　Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior. 　　The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction: 　　● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer. 　　● Longing for more and more time at the computer. 　　● Neglect of family and friends. 　　● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer. 　　● Lying to employers and family about activities. 　　● Inability to stop the activity. 　　● Problems with school or job. 　　Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances. 　　People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relaxed." 　　Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction." 　　Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight. 　　"There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check." 　　Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction." 　　"I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything." 　　Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now." 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 　　1. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet? 　　A) Her daughter's repeated complaints. 　　B) Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.　C) The poorly managed state of her house. 　　D) The high financial costs adding up. 　　2. What does the author say about excessive Internet use? 　　A) People should be warned of its harmful consequences. 　　B) It has become virtually inevitable. 　　C) It has been somewhat exaggerated. 　　D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition. 　　3. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people ______. 　　A) try to improve the Internet environment 　　B) become aware of its serious consequences 　　C) can realize what is important in life 　　D) can reach a consensus on its definition 　　4. According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered excessive if ______. 　　A) it seriously affected family relationships 　　B) one visited porn websites frequently 　　C) too much time was spent in chat rooms 　　D) people got involved in online gambling 　　5. According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the Internet may feel ______. 　　A) discouraged B) pressured C) depressed 　D) puzzled 　　6. Why did Andre Heidrich cut back online gaming? 　　A) He had lost a lot of money. 　　B) His family had intervened. 　　C) He had offended his relatives. 　　D) His career had been ruined. 　　7. Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction to ______. 　　A) improve his online gaming skills 　　B) curb his desire for online gaming 　　C) show how good he is at online gaming 　　D) exchange online gaming experience 　　8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______. 　　9. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn't afford to seek ______. 　　10. Now that she's got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about ______. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11.A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman. 　　B) He has difficulty understanding the book. 　　C) He cannot get access to the assigned book. 　　D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline. 12.A) She will drive the man to the supermarket. 　　B) The man should buy a car of his own. 　　C) The man needn't go shopping every week. 　　D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store. 13.A) Get more food and drinks. 　B) Ask his friend to come over. 　　C) Tidy up the place. 　D) Hold a party. 14.A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday. 　　B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith. 　　C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible. 　　D) The woman should contact John Smith first. 15.A) He understands the woman's feelings. 　　B) He has gone through a similar experience. 　　C) The woman should have gone on the field trip. 　　D) The teacher is just following the regulations. 16.A) She will meet the man halfway. 　　B) She will ask David to talk less. 　　C) She is sorry the man will not come. 　　D) She has to invite David to the party. 17.A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures. 　　B) Few students meet Prof. Jonson's requirements. 　　C) Many students find Prof. Johnson's lectures boring. 　　D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson's class. 18.A) Check their computer files. 　　B) Make some computations. 　　C) Study a computer program. 　　D) Assemble a computer. 　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19.A) It allows him to make a lot of friends. 　　B) It requires him to work long hours. 　　C) It enables him to apply theory to practice. 　　D) It helps him understand people better. 20.A) It is intellectually challenging. 　　B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time. 　　C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long. 　　D) It demands physical endurance and patience. 21.A) In a hospital. B) At a coffee shop. C) At a laundry. D) In a hotel. 22.A) Getting along well with colleagues. 　　B) Paying attention to every detail. 　　C) Planning everything in advance. 　　D) Knowing the needs of customers. 　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23.A) The pocket money British children get. 　　B) The annual inflation rate in Britain. 　　C) The things British children spend money on. 　　D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain. 24.A) It enables children to live better. 　　B) It goes down during economic recession. 　　C) It often rises higher than inflation. 　　D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade. 25.A) Save up for their future education. 　　B) Pay for small personal things. 　　C) Buy their own shoes and socks. 　　D) Make donations when necessary. 来源:考试大-英语四级考试 Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 26.A) District managers. 　　B) Regular customers. 　　C) Sales directors. 　　D) Senior clerks. 27.A) The support provided by the regular clients. 　　B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives. 　　C) The urgency of implementing the company's plans. 　　D) The important part played by district managers. 28.A) Some of them were political-minded. 　　B) Fifty percent of them were female. 　　C) One third of them were senior managers. 　　D) Most of them were rather conservative. 29.A) He used too many quotations. 　　B) He was not gender sensitive. 　　C) He did not keep to the point. 　　D) He spent too much time on details. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30.A) State your problem to the head waiter. 　　B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered. 　　C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly. 　　D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you. 31.A) You problem may not be understood correctly. 　　B) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time. 　　C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge. 　　D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting. 32.A) Demand a prompt response. 　　B) Provide all the details. 　　C) Send it by express mail. 　　D) Stick to the point. Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 33.A) Fashion designer 　B) Architect. C) City planner. D) Engineer. 34.A) Do some volunteer work. 　　B) Get a well-paid part-time job. 　　C) Work flexible hours. 　　D) Go back to her previous post. 35.A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy. 　　B) It will add to the family's financial burden. 　　C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother. 　　D) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 　　Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more (36)______, less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and (37) ______ things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (38) ______ than he will ever be again in his schooling – or, unless he is very (39) ______ and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and (40) ______ with the world and people around him, and without any school-type (41) ______ instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and (42)______ than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) ______ of language. He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists – and (44) ________________________________________________. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, (45) ________________________________________________ until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, (46) ________________________________________________, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. 　　When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust. 　　With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more outside air. 　　Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help __56__ property owners from rising power costs. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 A) accommodations B) clumsy C) doubtful D) exceptions E) expand F) historic G) incredibly H) powering I) protect J) reduced K) replace L) sense M) shifted N) supplying O) vast Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. 　　You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going,how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book.They're known as the black box. 　　When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed. 　　In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility. 　　Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations,and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 57. What does the author say about the black box? 　　A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane. 　　B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book. 　　C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible. 　　D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane. 58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner? 　　A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash. 　　B) The total number of passengers on board. 　　C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage. 　　D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash. 59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965? 　　A) New materials became available by that time. 　　B) Too much space was needed for its installation. 　　C) The early models often got damaged in the crash. 　　D) The early models didn't provide the needed data. 　60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow? 　　A) To distinguish them from the colour of the plane. 　　B) To caution people to handle them with care. 　　C) To make them easily identifiable. 　　D) To conform to international standards. 　61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447? 　　A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered. 　　B) There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed. 　　C) They have stopped sending homing signals. 　　D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil. Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. 　　The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking? 　　Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are. 　　The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written. 　　In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable." 　　Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts. 　　The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。 　62. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry? 　　A) It is a highly profitable industry. 　　B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking. 　　C) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale. 　　D) It has yielded positive results. 　63. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers? 　　A) Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good. 　　B) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems. 　　C) Unhappy people cannot think positively. 　　D) The power of positive thinking is limited. 　64. What does the author mean by "… you're just underlining his faults" (Line 4, Para. 3)? 　　A) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough. 　　B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed. 　　C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent. 　　D) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults. 　65. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic? 　　A) It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem. 　　B) Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood. 　　C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem. 　　D) People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings. 　66. What do we learn from the last paragraph? 　　A) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person. 　　B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy. 　　C) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking. 　　D) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation. Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 　　The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not __67__ from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, "mail order" catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier __68__ fax.E-commerce follows the same model __69__ in other business transactions; the difference __70__ in the details. 　　To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists __71__ online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, __72__ an item, arranges a form of payment, and __73__ an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be __74__ on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent __75__ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce __76__ one to send payment information electronically. 　　In the decade __77__ 1993, e-commerce grew from an __78__ novelty (新奇事物) to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few __79__ had a web page, and __80__ a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years __81__, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most __82__ users with the opportunity to place an order. __83__, many banks added online access, __84__ online banking and bill paying became __85__. More importantly, the value of goods and services __86__ over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997. 　　67.A) distract B) descend C) differ D) derive 　　68.A) with B) via C) from D) off 　　69.A) appeared B) used C) resorted D) served 　　70.A) situates B) lies C) roots D) locates 　　71.A) on B) of C) for D) to 　　72.A) reflects B) detects C) protects D) selects 　　73.A) sends in B) puts out C) stands for D) carries away 　　74.A) visible B) responsible C) feasible D) sensible 　　75.A) beside B) over C) beyond D) up 　　76.A) appeals B) admits C) advocates D) allows 　　77.A) after B) behind C) until D) toward 　　78.A) optional B) invalid C) occasional D) insignificant 　　79.A) communities B) corps C) corporations D) compounds 　　80.A) largely B) slightly C) solely D) only 　　81.A) lately B) later C) late D) latter 　　82.A) offered B) convinced C) equipped D) provided 　　83.A) Instead B) Nevertheless C) However D) Besides 　　84.A) and B) or C) but D) though 　　85.A) different B) flexible C) widespread D) productive 　　86.A) acquired B) adapted C) practiced D) proceeded 　　 Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write you translation on Answer Sheet 2. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。 　　87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty __________________ (集中注意力在实验上). 　　88. The manager never laughed; neither __________________ (她也从来没有发过脾气). 　　89. We look forward to __________________ (被邀请出席开幕式). 　　90. It is suggested that the air conditioner __________________ (要安装在窗户旁). 　　91. The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite __________________ (她父母的强烈反对). 　　 2010年6月大学英语四级考试答案及解析 作文参考 (A)     Nowadays, students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study. This phenomenon greatly influences students’ writing and brings on worries among teachers. 　　There are possibly three reasons contributing to this phenomenon. First, exam-oriented education makes the students pay less attention to spelling. Second, some teachers should also be responsible for it because they don’t emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching. Last but not least, some students are too lazy to recite words. Since spelling is one of the most important factors in English study, due attention should be given to it. As for me, I think, first, exams should be modified to add some factors into it, which would help students pay more attention to spelling. Then, schools should also set effective mechanisms to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance. Finally, for students themselves, they can, through other ways, make them be interested in word spelling. Only by these can we surly realize the importance of spelling and make improvement. (B)      What is hot for 2010 in our colleges? It is the spelling mistakes. Countless students lack due attention to spelling. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list, the one may be “challenge”. Freshman and sophomore almost write this word as “challenge”. How careless they are! 　　Why such a phenomenon sweeps every university? Some experts attribute it to students’ inattention, because students always pay no attention to spelling. However, other experts argue, the teachers should be blamed for this situation. In my opinion, it is far beyond any reasonable doubt that both of them should exert themselves to change the spelling mistakes.     As far as I’m concerned, I firmly argue that we need to attach great importance to word-spelling. To the students, they should write English as much as they can. Meanwhile, to the teachers, the dictations should be reinforced in the class.     快速阅读 1. A) her daughers' repeated complains 根据第一段最后一句”but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.” 直到她的四个女儿不停的抱怨，她才意识到自己出了问题。 2. D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition 据第四段最后一句，对此，人们还未达成共识。 3. C) can realize what is important in life 据第七段最后一句，”…can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals 鯊উ茝䢩�ᰔ寛http://bulo.hjenglish.com/q/©版权所有沪江网寛ᰔ�䢩茝উ鯊and plans…” 解决这个问题的办法就是将生命中其他的目标和计划摆到重要位置。 4. A) it seriously affected family relationships 根据第十一段最后一句，”if it’s a loss…and family relationships are breaking down…it’s too much.” 5. C) depressed 根据第十五段第一句话，”People who struggle with excessive Internet use may be depressed…” 6. B) His family had intervened 根据倒数第五段，”he cut back only after a full-scale family intervention…” 7. B) curb his desire for online gaming 根据倒数第四段最后一句，”to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check.” 其中，keep … in check意为，“制止; 控制”。 8. had an Internet addiction 根据倒数第三段最后一句。 9. professional help 根据倒数第二段最后一句，”I have no money or insurance to get professional help…”: 10. online dating 根据最后一段，”I have a boyfriend now, and I’m not interested in online dating.”   听力 11. C) He cannot get access to the assigned book. 由对话可知，该男士认为令他烦恼的是无论是在图馆还是在书店他都找不到那本书，由此得出答案。get access to指“获得，走近，接近，能够利用某物”。 12. A) She will drive the man to the supermarket. 由文中女士说她不喜欢别人开她的车以及” why don’t we go together?”可得知女士将开车与男士一同去超市。 13. C) Tidy up the place. 由文中” I guess it’s pretty obvious what you’ll be doing most of today”可知，很显然她想让他打扫房间。 14. A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday. 本题考查one day is as good as the next的意思，该短语指的是任何一天都行。因此男士的意思是除了本周五，其它任何一天都可以。 15. A) He understands the woman’s feelings.文中男士认为，” I’d feel that way too if I were you.”，“如果我是你的话我也会那样（感到很生气）。”因此她赞同女士的想法，表示理解女士的感受。 16. D) She has to invite David to the party. 从文中女士的话可得知，女士的母亲执意要David去参加圣诞party，因此她不得不请David。 17. C) Many students find Prof. Johnson’s lectures boring. 由男士的话可得知，很多同学如果课前没喝咖啡的话，几乎很难保持清醒状态，忍不住犯困，也就是说学生们都觉得Prof. Johnson的课很无聊。 18. D) Assemble a computer. 本文中主要是考assemble的意思，如果同学知道assemble意为“组装，装配”，便不难得出答案。”put a computer together”指“组装电脑”。 19. B) It requires him to work long hours. 男士开头便说”I have to work very long hours”，因此选B。 20. D) It demands physical endurance and patience. 女士问及工作哪个部分会比较难时，男士回答道他需要一直站着，同时在他们忙的时候，别人会变得易怒，也就是说这份工作需要体力和耐心。 21. D) In a hotel. 由文中” I wrote to about six hotels 耪쿷䗩쏔ﺹ늇탿http://bulo.hjenglish.com/q/©版权所有沪江网탿늇ﺹ쏔䗩쿷耪and one of them gave me my first job”可得出答案。 22. B) Paying attention to every detail. 由男士的回答” Attention to detail”可得知，B选项恰好与”attention to detail”同义。 23. A) The pocket money British children get. 原题为 What is the table of figures about? 意思是：这个表格是关于什么的？根据第一句话Now you’ve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get? 我们可以知道这个表格是关于英国孩子的零花钱情况的。 24. C) It often rises higher than inflation. 原题为What do we learn from the conversation about British children’s pocket money? 意思是：从对话中我们可以了解到有关英国孩子零花钱的哪些信息？原文中女性说话人说“Why do you think the rise in pocket money is often higher than inflation? ”意思是：“你觉得为什么零花钱通常要比通货膨胀涨的更高呢？”据此我们可以判断英国孩子的零花钱比通货膨胀涨的更高，答案应选C. 25. B) Pay for small personal things. 原题为Supposing the man had children, what would he expect them to do with their pocket money? 对话中男性说话人说“…out of that, they have to buy some small personal things, but I wouldn’t expect them to save to buy their own socks, for example.”意思是“我希望他们用零花钱去买一些小的个人物品，但我不希望他们把钱存起来去买他们自己的短袜等”。据此我们可以判断答案选B. 26 A) District managers 该题比较简单，文章开头说到Alex期盼着与district managers的会议，因此正确答案为A项。 27 D) The important part played by district managers 文章中提到在会议结束时，Alex打算以“the conversation about the importance of the district managers to the company plans”来结束会议，可见他打算强调district managers在公司计划中所起的重要作用。因此D项正确。 28 B) Fifty percent of them were female 此题比较简单，文章中后面说道“Half of our managers are women”，而参加会议的基本上都是那些district managers，由此可判断，会议的听众有一半是女性，所以此题选B项。 29 B) He was not gender sensitive 文章最后一句说这些女性district managers听到Alex总用“he”来指代“district managers”感到surprised和distressed（痛苦的，苦恼的），由此可见Alex失败的原因是由于他对于涉及到性别的用词不够敏感所造成的。 30 C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly 此题比较简单，原文中提到在餐馆遇到上错菜时，应该“make a polite but firm request to see the manage”,和C项所说完全一致。 31 D) You can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting 此题相对简单，答案基本上是原句，“So you can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting.” 32 D) Stick to the point 此题属于原文再现，原文最后建议写投诉信时，应当“be business-like and stick to the point”，即围绕自己的要点来说，而不要说些无关紧要的废话，因此应该选D项。 33. B) Architect 从原文“Before Barbara had children, she worked as an architect for the government, designing government housing”可以得知。 34. A) Do some volunteer work. 从原文“If Barbara feels the need to do socially important work, he thinks that she should do volunteer work one or two days a week.”可以得知。 35. C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother. 从原文“Tom does not think a baby-sitter can replace a mother”可以得知。 36 curious 37 figuring 38 independent 39 unusual 40 interacting 41 formal 42 abstract 43 mystery 44 has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriatel 45 by trying it out and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and refining it 46 including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach him   仔细阅读 section A 文章大意：本文关注的是绿色建筑与对待现存房屋的问题。根据文意，所谓绿色建筑即为节能减排的建筑。绿色建筑在节能减排方面意义重大，但是将所有现存房屋替换成绿色建筑是否可行呢？文章给出的答案是不可行的，因为推倒这些房屋进行重建也需要大量能量。那么，如何处理这些能耗大的旧房屋呢？文末给出的建议是对它们进行整修和升级。 47. G incredibly 首先这里需要的是一个副词。根据文意，将这些房屋推倒代之以绿色建筑是极度浪费的。因此选incredibly. 48. K replace          replace A with B, 意思是用B 替换A. 这里是用绿色建筑取代现存房屋。 49. J reduced 这一句话较难理解，翻译成中文即：绿色建筑带来的碳排放量的减少平均需要65年才能够补偿推倒房屋所用掉的能量。reduced, 这里用作形容词，指减少了的。 50. L sense in the broadest sense, 在最广义上，这里是一个固定搭配。 51. H powering     这里的and 引导的是平行结构，因此横线上需要填入一个动词的ing形式。在根据句意可知这里选powering，指为某物提供动力，使某物得以运行。 52. D exceptions 联系下文可知本段意思是老房子基本上是最不节能的。但话不能说得这么绝对，因此用 with some exceptions, 指除一些特殊情况外。 53. E expand tiny cracks and gaps 指的是小的缝隙和缺口。小的缝隙和缺口随着时间流逝，会扩大，从而使得外面空气流入，因而加大了能耗。这里选expand表示扩展，增大。 54. O vast a number of  表示大量的，number前面可加一些形容词，如great等，表示数量极大的。这里填入vast，意为数量巨大的。 55. F historic   句中有from……to……, 从什么到什么，联系整句话，意思是从一些历史上的古老建筑到你自己的战后的房子。postwar 指二战后，是一个较近的时间，与之对应的则是historic. 56. I protect 首先，从句意判断，可知这一分句仍是陈述为老房屋进行升级的好处。此外，后半句中有介词from. 据此我们可以判断，此处应填入的词是protect. Section B Passage 1 57. D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane. ward off指“避开，防止”。黑匣子并不能避免灾难发生，因此C选项不正确。indispensable，不能缺少的，文中多次举例黑匣子在事故发生后起到至关重要的作用，因此此选项正确。 58. A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash. 本文第二段介绍了黑匣子在对于探寻Yemeni airliner坠毁原因上所起到的重大作用。由第二段第二行”the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong”以及后面由于法国一潜艇找到黑匣子这一发现”marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy”可以推断出答案。 59. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash. 文中第三自然段第三行，由”Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned…”可得知，1965年黑匣子重新设计的原因是之前的黑匣子在坠机时容易遭到破坏。withstand意为“承受，经受”。 60. C) To make them easily identifiable. 由文中得知黑匣子被漆成橙色或黄色的原因是” to aid visibility”。Visibility是visible的名词形式，意为“能见度，可见度”，因此，漆成橙色或黄色主要是因为希望黑匣子可见度高，比较明显，容易被发现，故选C。 61. A) There is still a good chance for their being recovered. 作者举出Air France Flight 447的例子主要是用来证明其前面的论点”When submerged, they’re also able to emit signals form depths of 20,000 ft.”意为黑匣子即使被埋于深处仍然能够发射信号以被察觉。Air France Flight 447的黑匣子处于水下深处，但数据显示他们仍能”turn up”（出现），即被探测人员发现。故选A。   Passage 2 62. B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking 细节理解题 本题是问从文章第一段中我们能够了解自我帮助产业的哪些情况。文章第一句就说自我帮助产业是建立在把消极思考转化为积极思考的基础之上，因此B项是正确的。虽然文章一开始虽然说自我帮助产业的规模有110亿美元，但这只是说产业规模，并没有提到该行业具有很高的利润率，因此不能由此判断A项就是正确的。文章中只说Norman Vincent是积极思考的倡导者，并没有说该行业是由他创立的，因此C项不正确。第一段末尾作者就质疑积极思考是否真的有效，因此D项不是正确选项。 63. A) Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good 细节归纳题 本题问加拿大研究学者的发现是什么，文章第二段提到他们发表的文章里说让人们更积极地思考实际上会产生相反的效果，只会起到强调人们又多不开心的作用。后面又用实验来说明了这个观点，在文章的第三段和第五段也都再次说到积极思考会起到相反作用，使人们更不开心。因此本题选A项。 64. C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent. 细节理解题 本题问作者说“… you’re just underlining his faults”的含义是什么。文中前面说到有时说的过分，反而会让人感觉更糟，然后又说告诉朋友有爱因斯坦那样的潜能，自然会让朋友感觉有点夸张，反而会觉得是在说自己不聪明。 65. C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem 细节理解题 本题问从Wood的实验中我们可以了解些什么。此题与63题有一定关联。答案应在对实验结果进行说明的段落来找，即文章的第五段。文章第五段说实验者在被迫进行多次自我肯定后，自卑的情况并没有得到改善，反而加重了。因此此题应该选C项。 66. B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy (心理治疗) 细节理解题 本题问从文章最后一段我们可以了解些什么，毫无疑问答案自然是在文章最后一段。在这一段里，作者说文章还推荐人们把静思作为一种心理治疗的，因此应当选B项。文章只是说静思可以帮助人们学会接受自己的不足，把自己的不足放到更广泛的层面去思考，但并没有说静思可以使人们避免犯错误。因此D项不正确。   完型填空 67.B differ 选项中，常与from搭配的有differ和derive。根据上下文不难看出，上文先说的是电子商务与电话银行等商务形式没有本质区别，与下文”the difference lies in”（区别在于）相呼应。 68.B via via fax：通过传真 69.B used models used: 所采用的形式。选项中，appear为不及物动词，此处应选填一个及物动词的过去分词作后置定语。 70.B lies lie in: 在于 71.B of consist of: 由…组成 72.D selects select an item: 挑选商品 73.A sends in send in: 递送; 呈报 74.A visible visible: 看得见的；明显的。网上购物时，商品目录会在网上呈现在顾客眼前。 75.B over 76.D allows 其中，admit做及物动词时，一般作“允许进入；承认；可容纳”解。allow sb to do，常用词组，容许某人做某事 77.A after 78.D insignificant 与下文的mainstream相对应。 79.C corporations 与下文businesses相呼应。 80.D only 81.B later 注意，latter意为，“后面的，后者的”。 82.D provided provide sb with sth，固定词组，为某人提供某物。 83.D besides besides意为，“此外，除此之外”。 84.A 珷眲蓿맨怂䐔ס曮http://bulo.hjenglish.com/myfeed/©版权所有沪江网曮ס䐔怂맨蓿眲珷and 顺承关系，用and。 85.C widespread 网上银行流行起来了。widespread，分布广泛的。 86.A acquired acquire，及物动词，意为，“获得”。网上购物时，顾客能够获得更优质的商品和更周到的服务。 翻译 87. (in) concentrating on the experiment/ focusing her attention on the experiment. 本题考查两个短语的用法，一个是have difficulty (in) doing sth，该短语中，后面的动词要用现在分词形式。第二个短语是集中注意力，与此对应的有多个短语，如：focus/fix one’s attention on, concentrate on。翻译时需和前面短语的用法结合起来，把动词变成ing形式。 88. did she become angry/did she lose her temper before. 本题考查neither的倒装用法，以及发脾气这个短语，发脾气可以说become angry，也可以用lose one’s temper。 89. being invited to attend the opening ceremony. 本题考查look forward to的用法，后面要跟名词或者动词的ing形式，而且要注意后边是被邀请所以要用被动语态。 90. (should) be fixed/installed by the window 本题考查It is suggested that结构中主语从句中要用虚拟语气的用法，即should + 动词原形，should可以省略。 91. the strong opposition of her parents/ her parents’ strong opposition. 本题考查despite的用法，注意despite是介词，后边应该跟名词或者名词短语。 2010年6月英语四级听力原文 Section A Short Conversation 11. W: Just imagine! We have to finish reading 300 pages before Monday! How can the professor expect us to do it in such a short time? M: Yeah, but what troubles me is that I can’t find the book in the library or in the university bookstore. Q: What does the man mean? 12. M: Do you think I could borrow your car to go grocery shopping? The supermarkets outside the city are so much cheaper. I’d also be happy to pick up anything you need. W: Well, I don’t like to let anyone else drive my car. Tell you what, why don’t we go together? Q: What does the woman mean? 13. M: Forgive the mess in here, we have a party last night. There were a lot of people and they all brought food. W: Yeah, I can tell. Well, I guess it’s pretty obvious what you’ll be doing most of today. Q: What does the woman think the man will do? 14. W: What time would suit you for the first round talks with John Smith? M: Well, you know my schedule. Other than this Friday, one day is as good as the next. Q: What does the man mean? 15. W: I was so angry yesterday! My biology teacher did not even let me explain why I missed the field trip. He just wouldn’t let me pass! M: That doesn’t seem fair. I’d feel that way too if I were you. Q: What does the man imply? 16. M: I really can’t stand the way David controls the conversation all the time. If he is going to be at your Christmas party, I just won’t come. W: I’m sorry you feel that way, but my mother insists that he come. Q: What does the woman imply? 17. W: You’re taking a course with Professor Johnson. What’s your impression so far? M: Well, many students could hardly stay awake in his class without first drinking a cup of coffee. Q: What does the man imply? 18. W: Have you ever put a computer together before? M: No, never. But I think if we follow these instructions exactly, we won’t have much trouble. Q: What are the speakers going to do? Long Conversations Conversation 1 W: What sort of hours do you work, Steve? M: Well I have to work very long hours, about eleven hours a day. W: What time do you start? M: I work 9 to 3, then I start again at 5:30 and work until 11, six days a week. So I have to work very unsocial hours. W: And do you have to work at the weekend? M: Oh, yes, that’s our busiest time. I get Wednesdays off. W: What are the things you have to do and the things you don’t have to do? M: Uh, I don’t have to do the washing-up, so that’s good. I have to wear white, and I have to keep everything in the kitchen totally clean. W: What’s hard about the job? M: You are standing up all the time. When we are busy, people get angry and shout, but that’s normal. W: How did you learn the profession? M: Well, I did a two-year course at college. In the first year we had to learn the basics, and then we had to take exams. W: Was it easy to find a job? M: I wrote to about six hotels and one of them gave me my first job, so I didn’t have to wait too long. W: And what’s the secret of being good at your job? M: Attention to detail. You have to love it. You have to show passion for it. W: And what are your plans for the future? M: I want to have my own place when the time is right. Q19. What does the man say about his job? Q 20. What does the man think is the hardest part of his job? Q 21. Where did the man get his first job after graduation? Q 22. What does the man say is important to being good at his job? Conversation 2 W: Now you’ve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get? M: Yes. I thought it was quite interesting, but I don’t quite understand the column entitled change. Can you explain what it means? W: Well, I think it means the change from the year before. I am not a mathematician, but I assume the rise from 70p to 90p is a rise of 25 percent. M: Oh yes, I see. And the inflation rate is there for comparison. W: Yes. why do you think the rise in pocket money is often higher than inflation? M: I am sorry I’ve no idea. Perhaps parents in Britain are too generous. W: Perhaps they are. But it looks as if children were not better off in 2001 than they were in 2002. That’s strange, isn’t it? And they seem to have been better off in 2003 than they are now. I wonder why that is. M: Yes, I don’t understand that at all. W: Anyway, if you had children, how much pocket money would you give them? M: I don’t know. I think I’ll probably give them 2 pounds a week. W: Would you? And what would you expect them to do with it? M: Well, out of that, they have to buy some small personal things, but I wouldn’t expect them to save to buy their own socks, for example. W: Yes, by the way, do most children in your country get pocket money? M: Yeah, they do. Q23 What is the table of figures about? Q24 What do we learn from the conversation about British children’s pocket money? Q25 Supposing the man had children, what would he expect them to do with their pocket money? Passage 1 As the new sales director for a national computer firm, Alex Gordon was looking forward to his first meeting with the company’s district managers. Everyone arrived on time, and Alex’s presentation went extremely well. He decided to end the meeting with the conversation about the importance of the district managers to the company’s plans. “I believe we are going to continue to increase our share of the market,” he began, “because of the quality of the people in this room. The district manager is the key to the success of the sales representatives in his district. He sets the term for everyone else. If he has ambitious goals and is willing to put in long hours, everyone in his unit will follow his example.” When Alex was finished, he received polite applauses, but hardly the warm response he had hoped for. Later he spoke with one of the senior managers. “Things were going so well until the end”, Alex said disappointedly. “Obviously, I said the wrong thing.” “Yes”, the district manager replied. “Half of our managers are women. Most have worked their way up from sales representatives, and they are very proud of the role they played in the company’s growth. They don’t care at all about political correctness. But they were definitely surprised and distressed to be referred to as ‘he’ in your speech.” Q26 Who did Alex Gordon speak to at the first meeting? Q27 What did Alex want to emphasize at the end of his presentation? Q28 What do we learn about the audience at the meeting? Q29 Why did Alex fail to receive the warm response he had hoped for? Passage 2 The way to complain is to act business-like and important. If your complaint is immediate, suppose you got the wrong order at a restaurant, make a polite but firm request to see the manager. When the manager comes, ask his or her name. And then state your problem and what you expect to have done about it. Be polite! Shouting or acting rude will get you nowhere. But also be firm in making your complaint. Besides, act important. This doesn’t mean to put on airs and say “do you know who I am?” What it means is that people are often treated the way they expect to be treated. If you act like someone who expects a fair request to be granted, chances are it will be granted. The worst way to complain is over the telephone. You are speaking to a voice coming from someone you cannot see. So you can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting. It is easy for that person to give you the run-around. Complaining in person or by letter is generally more effective. If your complaint doesn’t require an immediate response, it often helps to complain by letter. If you have an appliance that doesn’t work, send a letter to the store that sold it. Be business-like and stick to the point. Don’t spend a paragraph on how your uncle John tried to fix the problem and couldn’t. Q30 What does the speaker suggest you do when you are not served properly at a restaurant? Q31 Why does the speaker say the worst way to complain is over the telephone? Q32 What should you do if you make a complaint by letter? Passage 3 Barbara Sanders is a wife and the mother of two children, ages 2 and 4. Her husband, Tom, is an engineer and makes an excellent salary. Before Barbara had children, she worked as an architect for the government, designing government housing. She quit her job when she became pregnant, but is now interested in returning to work. She's been offered an excellent job with the government. Her husband feels it's unnecessary for her to work since the family does not need the added income. He also thinks that a woman should stay home with her children. If Barbara feels the need to do socially important work, he thinks that she should do volunteer work one or two days a week. Barbara, on the other hand, has missed the excitement of her profession and does not feel she would be satisfied doing volunteer work. She would also like to have her own income, so she does not have to ask her husband for money whenever she wants to buy something. She does not think it's necessary to stay home every day with the children and she knows a very reliable babysitter who's willing to come to her house. Tom does not think a babysitter can replace a mother and thinks it's a bad idea for the children to spend so much time with someone who's not part of the family. Q33 What was Barbara's profession before she had children? Q34 What does Barbara's husband suggest she do if she wants to work? Q35 What does Tom think about hiring a babysitter? Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in the school building, is smarter, more curious，less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and figuring things out, more confident, resourceful, persistent and independent, than he will either be again in his schooling or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and interacting with the world and people around him, and without any school-type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and abstract than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years-he has solved the mystery of language. He has discovered it. Babies don't even know that language exists. And he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriately. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, by trying it out and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and refining it until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him. 2