英语流利说懂你英语Level完整版

集团化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]英语流利说懂你英语Level懂你英语Level4Unit3Part1it3-1listening时间花费Lookatthese2piegraphs.Theyshowhowthese2peoplespendtheirdays,notincludingweekends.TheoneonthetopshowshowEmmadividesupherdays.Sheisadesignerwhoworksforacompany.AsEmma’sgraphshows,thebiggestportion部分ofherdayisspentworking.Sheworksanaverageof8hoursaday,whichisonethirdofherday.Shegetsanaverageof6hourstosleepwhichis25%ofherday.That’slesssleepthanMartingets.Accordingtohisgraph,hegetsanaverageof7hourstosleepwhichisabout29%ofhisday.Ontheotherhand,Martinewhoisengineer,worksmorehoursthanEmmadoes.Martineaverage9hoursadayatworkcomparetoEmma’s8.That’s37.5%compareto33%.Otherfactorsshowninthegraphincludedtimeformealsandcommutingtowork.Otheractivitiesincludegettingdressanddoinghouseholdchoressuchasdoinglaundryandpayingbills.Asyoucansee,forMartin,commutingistakingalargeamountofhistime.Ifhecouldreducehiscommutetime,hewillhavemoretimeforotherthings.Anditisn’tjustthetime.Whenthetrafficisreallyheavyhiscommuteisstressful.Itwillbegreatifhecanworkfromhomeoneortwodaysaweek.Helifewillbemoreenjoyable.AndwelookatEmma’sgraph,weseesheprobablyneedsmoresleep.Perhaps,sheshouldspendabitlesstimesocializingwithherfriends.Ontheotherhand,socializingwithherfriendissomethingshereallyvalues.Asforputtingonmakeup,sheisn’twillingtochangethat.Forher,exercising,socializingandstayingbeautifulhelpherdealwiththestressfulwork.Inconclusion,EmmaandMartinbothwishthereweremorehoursinaday.Thisnextgraphshowshowvariousfactorscompareimportantto1350jobsapplicants.Applicantswerebetween20to25yearsago.Theywereaskedtolistwhichfactorsweremostimportantforagoodjob.Asthegraphshows,moneywasthemostimportantfactorfor25%oftheapplicants.However,otherfactorsarealsoimportant.Thesecondmostimportantfactorwastheworkenvironment.Inotherwords,formany,moneyiseverything.Peoplewanttolikewheretheywork.Infact,ifwecombineworkingenvironmentandco-workers,thetotalis35%.Thisiswellabovethe25%forsalaryandbenefits.Takingtogether,theyaremoreimportantthansalaryandbenefits.Careerpathisalsoimportantespeciallyforyoungerapplicants.Theywanttoseethattheirjobhelpstobuildasuccessfulcareer.Forolderworkers,thismaynotbeasimportant.Olderworkersoftenputthehighervalueonthebalancebetweenlifeandwork.Whatdoyouthink.it3-1vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态Thegovernmentofacountryisacontrolsystem.Governmentsmakelawsandprovideservicestotheircitizens.Thelandoverwhichagovernmenthascontrolled,isitsterritory/'trtri/领土.Acountry’sterritoryhasboundaries/'ba?ndri/orborders.Whenyouleaveorenteracountry’sterritory,youusuallyneedapassport.Theterritoryofacountryisdefinedbyitsboundaries.Acountry’smilitaryprovidesdefenseforitsterritoryanditscitizens.Themilitaryincludesanarmy,anairforceandanavy.Themainpurposeofamilitary,istodefendacountryfromattack.Acountry’scriminaljusticesystemincludesthepolice,courtsandprisons.Itspurposeistoenforcethelawandprotectthepeoplefromcriminalactivities.Acountrysocialservicessystemprovidessupporttopeopleinneed.Itprovidesbasichealthcareservicesandhelpspoorpeoplesupporttheirchildren.-----------------------------------------------------------------Anarchy/'nki/n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy/'tɑkr?si/n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy/'ɑl'gɑrki/n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家--------------------------------------------------------------------------Astateofanarchyexitswhenacountryhasnoeffectivegovernment.Inanarchy,thereisnobodytomakedecisionsorenforcethelaws.Anautocracyisthesimplestformofgovernment.Inanautocracy,thegovernmentiscontrolledbysingleindividual,knownasautocrat.Whetherornotanautocracyissuccessful,dependsonthecharacterandabilityoftheleader.Inanoligarchy,asmallgroupofpeoplecontrolsthegovernment.Membershipinthisgroupoftendependsonfamilyconnection,wealthormilitarypower.Inarepublic,individualsareelectedtorepresentthecitizens.Thepowerofgovernmentinarepublicislimitedbyaconstitution.Aconstitutionisawrittendocumentthatmakestherulesforagovernmenttofollow.Thislimitsthepowerofagovernment.Aconstitutiondefinestherelationshipbetweenthegovernmentanditscitizens.it3-1dialogue谈论工作Ihearyoulostyourjob,isthatright?Yes,that’sright.Iquit.Iquitbecausethewaymybosstreatspeople.Whathappen.Iwasn’tfeelinggoodonedayandheyelledatme.WhileItoldhimnottoyellat对...吼叫me,hethreatenedme.Isthatall.That’swhatbossesdo.Sure,sometimemaybe.ButmytreatedeveryonebadlyandIwastiredofit.Itwastheless*ThelaststrYes,itreachedthepointwhereIcouldn’ttakeitanymore.Isee.Sonowyoudon’thaveajob.Right,Idon’thaveajob.ButatleastIdon’thavetodealwithmybossthing.Whatareyougoingtodonow?Tobehonest,I’mnotsure.butI’llfinesomething.I’llgetajobevenifitpayslessthanbefore.Areyousorryforyourquit.Yesandno.IguessIshouldhavefoundanotherjobfirstandthenquit.Whydidn’tyou.AsIsaid,hepushedmetoofar.ThereweresomethingsthatIjustwon'ttake.Whataboutyourwife.Sheisn’thappythatIdon’thaveajobbutsheunderstands.SheknowsIhavetemper.AndsheknowsIwasn’thappyworkingthere.Well,Igetsomeluck.Myjobisn’tgreat.butIlikethepeopleI’mworkingwithandIlikemymanager.Areyouplanningtostaythere?Idon’tknow.Fornow,it’sok.Butofcourseitalldependsonhowthingschange.Wellifyouhearofanyjobopenings,letmeknow,OK.Sure,sendmeyourresumeandI’llletpeopleknowyou’relooking.Thanks.it3-2listening朗朗LangLangisoneoftheworld’sgreatestconcert/'kɑns?t/pianist.Hisfirstcontactwithwesternmusicwaswhenhewasjust2yearsold.Hewatchedthecanton/'kntn/inwhichacatplayedafamouspiecebyFranzLiszt弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）.Fromthisexperience,hedecidedhewantedtolearntoplaypiano.Whenhewas3andahalfyearsago,hestartedpianolessons.2yearslater,hewonfirstplaceinthepianocompetition.ThisearlysuccessgavehisfathergreathopethatLangLandwillbecametheworldgreatestpianist.WhenLangLangwas9yearsago,hisfatherquithisjobandtookhimtoBeijing.Theylefteverythingbehindincludinghismotherwhohadtowork.LangLangdidn’twanttoleaveherbehindbuthisfatherinsisted.HisfatherwantedhimtostudyatfamousCentralConservatoryofMusic中央音乐学院.WhentheymovedtoBeijing,theyrentedaflatinapoorareaofthecity.Duringthistime,LangLangpracticedseveralhoursaday.Theystartedpracticingat5o’clockwhichupsethisneighbors.Theywouldoftenpoundon敲打hisdoorandaskhimtostoppracticing.Theyweresoangrythatheoftenfearedthattheywouldbeathimup毒打.LangLangusuallyhadpianolessonsonceaweektopreparefortheconservatory/kn'svtri/音乐学校.Nearly2000studentswereapplyingforjust12placesattheconservatory.Hislessonswereexpensiveandverydifficult,especiallybecauseofhispianoteacher.Hismusicteacherdidn’tlikeLangLang.HecalledhisteacherprofessorAngrybecauseshealwaysgavehimahardtime.Oneafternoon,histeachertoldhimhehadnotalentandtoldhimtogohome.Hearingthenews,hisfatherscreamedandseemedtolosehismind.Hisfathertoldhimthateverythingwasdestroyedandtherewasnoreasontolive.HeorderedLangLangtojumpoff跳下来the11th-floorbalcony.Afterthis,LangLangalmostwentcrazy.Hedidn’twanttoplaythepianoanymore.Forseveralmonths,heneitherplayedthepianonorspoketohisfather.Thensomefriendsencouragedhimtoplayapieceforthemandherealizedhisgreatloveofpiano.Forthenext19months,hepracticedhardandhisfatherencouragedhim.Finally,whenhewasten,hewasacceptedintotheConservatorywithafullscholarship.In1995,whenhewas13yearsold,heplayedmusicbyshow*atBeijingconcerthall.Inthatsameyear,hewonfirstplaceataninternationalcompetitionforyoungmusiciansinJapan.Whenhewas15,hemovedtotheUnitedStatesandbegantostudywiththefamouspianistatCinstitute.Sincethen,hecareerhasgrownandhehasbecomeamajorstar.OneoftheAmericanmusiccriticscalledhimthebiggestmostexitingkeyoftalentIhaven’tencounteredmanyayearofattentionpianorecycles.In2010,LangLangsignedarecallingcontractforseveralmilliondollars.In2011,heperformedatwhitehouseforpresidentObamaofUnitedStatesandHuJintaoofChina.Withallofhissuccessandfame,LangLangtriestoencourageothers.Heuseshisfametospreadthepopularityofclassicmusicandencourageyoungmusicians.Andintheend,LangLangandhisfatherhaverebuilttheirrelationship.Inhisautobiography自传,Mr.Langdedicatedthebooktohismotherandfather.it3-2vocabulary财务、地理Apersondebtishowmuchheorsheowestoothers.Debtcanbeintheformofmoney,productsandservicesowestosomeoneelse.Ifyouborrowmoney,theyweretakingonnewdebt.Anassetissomethingthathasvalue,suchasmoney,propertyorevenanicepersonality.Assetscanbeusedtopayoffdebts.Specialized/'sp'lazd/knowledgeorskillsarealsoassetsthatcanbeusedtogetajoborearnmoney.Realestateispropertiessuchasland,housesandbuildings.Buying,sellingorrentingpropertyisthebusinessofrealestate.Buyingorsellingrealestateispopularforinvestments.Inventoryisadetaillistofitemsinone’spossession/p'zn/.Inbusiness,one’sinventoryisthesupplyofitemsthatarereadyforsale.Ifastorerunsoutofthethingsforsale,itneedstoresupply再供应itsinventory.Aninvestmentisthepurchaseofassetswiththehopethatitsvaluewillincrease.Agoodinvestmentcanproduceincome,suchasrentincome.Ifthevalueofthatassetsfalls,theinvestmentwilllosemoney.------------------------------------------------------------------Chinaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworldbylandarea.AmajorissueforChinaisthecontinuing持续的expansionofitsdessertswhichhadledtheduststormseachspring.Manyoftheworldmostpollutedcitiesarelocatedthere.AsiaisreferredtoasIndiansub-continent.It’scalledthesub-continent次大陆becauseitseparatedfromtherestofAsiabymountainsandsea.It’soneofworld’spoorestregionwithabout75%ofthepoorlivinginruralareas.EuropeiswesternneighborofAsia.It’sseparatedfromAsiabyUralMountains乌拉尔whichextentfor1500milesinthenorthsouthdirectionfromtheAntarctic/ntɑrkt?k/ocean.ThePhilippinesistheonlycountryinAsiawithamajorityofChristians/'krstn/.ThePhilippinesisanislandNationwithover7000islands.It’slocatedonthesouthChinasea.Thecountry’scapitalcityisManila马尼拉.Asiaistheworldlargestcontinentcoveringabout30%oftheearthlandarea.SeveralislandnationsarealsoapartofAsia,includingJapan.Theworld’stallestmountainisinAsia,includingMountEverest埃佛勒斯峰.it3-2dialogue谈论投票选举Hey,haveyoudecidedhowyou’regoingtovoteNot,Ihaven’t.Idon’tlikeanykindofcandidates.Soyouaren’tgoingtovote.Mu.Idon’tknow.Probablynot.Itseemslikeawasteoftime.Really,whydoyouthinkofawasteoftimeHaveyoulistenedtoanyoftheirspeeches?Yes,IhaveandIagreethattheirspeechesaren’tverygood.Exactly.Ican’tbelieveanythingtheysay.Theyarejustsayingwhattheythinkwewanttohear.Sure,youwanttogetelected.Iadmitthatthesystemisn’tperfectandit’salwayshave.WhetherIvoteornotwon’tmakeadifference.It’salltheshow.Well,Ithinkyoushouldvote.Doalittleresearchaboutthecandidates.Haveyou?Yes,Ihave.Ihavelookedintotheirbackgroundsandtheireducation.Howcanthathelp?Forexample,iftheyknowsomethingaboutscience,itcouldhelpthegovernmentmakeabetterdecisionaboutissuessuchasclimatechange.Yes,that’sgoodpoint.Weneedwell-educatedpeoplemakedecisions.AndIlooktoseewhatkindofpeoplearesupportingthem.Whatissuesdoyouthinkaremostimportant?Iguessforme,pollution,housingandtaxesareimportant.Iwanttoknowhowgovernmentplanstodealwiththeseissues.Yes,Iagreewithyou.MaybeIwillvote,especiallyifwecouldgettogetherandtalkmoreaboutit.Whataboutdinnertomorrownight?Sorry,I’mbusytomorrownight.Oh,that’stoobad.DoyouhaveanytimeinthenextfewdaysIwilltakeyoutoanicerestaurant.Actually,I’mquitebusy.ButImayhavetimeSundayafternoon.Wecanhavelunchsomeoneneartheoffice.Sure,thatwasforme.IwillgiveyouacallonSaturdayandwecandecidethedetails,okOK,Iwillbelookingforwardtoseeingwhichcandidateyousupport.L4Unit3-3listening蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybeesplayaninterestingandimportantroleinnature.Inadditionaltomakinghoney,honeybeeshelpmanyplantsreproduce.Theydothisbypollinatingtheplantwhichmeanstotransferpollen.Pollination授粉occurswhenpollen/'pɑl?n/花粉ismovedwithinaplant’sflowerorcarriedtoanotherflower.Thisishowtheplantreproduce.Forreproductiontosucceed,thepollenmustbetransferredfromthemalepartoftheflowertothefemalepart.Manyplantsdependonthepollenforreproduction.Thisincludedmanyfruitsandvegetables.Besidehoneybees,therearemanyotherpollinatorsincludingbirds,insectsandotherkindofbees.Withoutenoughpollinators,manyofourfavoritefruitsandvegetablewillbecomemoreexpensiveandhardtofind.Thisincludedalmondsandcherries.Honeybeeareimportantpollinatorsandplayanimportantroleinagriculture.Beekeepersarepeoplewhokeephoneybees.Inadditiontocollectinghoney,somebeekeepersprovidepollinationservicesforfarmers.Theydothisbyraisingandmanagingcolonies殖民地ofbees.Farmersneedcoloniestopollinatetheircrops.Beekeeperscanprovideandmanageofbeecoloniestofarmers.Honeybeesaresocialinsectsthatliveincolonies.Abeecolonyconsistsofaqueenbee,maledrones雄蜂andthousandsofmaleworkerbees.Eachcolonyalsocontainseggsandimmature未成熟的beesinvariousstageofdevelopment.Thenumberofbeeswithinacolonydependsontheseasonalchanges.Acolony’spopulationincreasesduringthewarmseasonanddecreasesduringthecolderseason.Inrecentyear,manybeecolonieshavecollapsedordisappeared.Abeecolonycollapsesoccurswhenamajorityofbeeincolonydisappearandleavebehindthequeen.Somebeekeepershavereportedlosing30to90%oftheircolonies.Thislossofbeecoloniescancausesignificantproblemsforfarmerswhodependonthemtopollinatetheircrops.Insomepartsoftheworld,ashortageofbeeshasincreasedthecostofrentingbeesbyupto20%.Thereareseveralpossiblecausesforbeecolonycollapse.Onepossiblecollapseistheuseofnewpesticides农药.Otherpossiblecausesincludeinfectionsfromviruses,geneticfactors遗传因素andmalnutrition（营养不良）.Changingweatherpatternsmayalsoplayaroleassummersgethotterandwintersgetcolder.Thesechangesinweathermayweakenthebees,makingitmoredifficultforthemtofightinfections.Whateverthecausesofcolonycollapse,it’simportanttounderstandthatmanypartsofourworldareinterdependent.Changesthateffectononespeciesmayhaveseriouseffectsonotherspecies.Achangetoourenvironment,canstartachainofeventthatisdifficulttopredict.Inanycomplexsystemsuchastheearthenvironment,smallchangescancauseaunconsequences.Thedangerofunconsequencesissomethingthatweallneedtounderstandbetter.L4Unit3-3vocabulary商品、服务和工作Goodsandservicessupplywhatpeopleneedorwant.Goodsarethingssuchfoodandclothing.Servicesincludedthingssuchashealthcareandpoliceprotection.Acountryneedsnaturalandhumanresources.Naturalresourcesincludefreshwatersupplies,farmlandandenergysourcessuchasoilandwind.Humanresourcesincludesaskilledworkforcethatcanproducegoodsandservices.Oncewehadsuppliesofgoodsandservices,theyneedtodistributethroughoutthecountry.Highwaysandrailwaysarebothwaytotransportthingfromonepartofcountrytoanother.Electricityaredistributedthroughasystemoftransmitionlines.Weliveinanageofadvertising.Advertisingletspeopleknowaboutgoodsandservices.Iteducatespeopleaboutaproductbeingadvertised.Tradeallowsfortheexchangeofgoodsandservicesbetweendifferentcountries.Exportsaregoodsandservicesthataresoldtoanothercountry.Importsaregoodsandservicesthatarebroughtfromothercountry.Forexample,manycountriesimportoilfromcountriessuchasSaudiArabia沙特阿拉伯.Employeesarethepeoplewhoworkforacompany.Someemployeesdobasicworksuchasoperatingamachineordrivingatrack.Peoplewhohireanddirecttheworkofotheraremanagers.Interviewisonewaytofindoutaboutapersonwhoappliesforajob.Inaninterview,theapplicantscanaskquestionaboutacompanyandcompanycanfindoutaboutaperson’sskillsandexperience.Anentrepreneurissomeonewhostartsacompany.Entrepreneursoftenhavenewideasandwaysofdoingthingsthatcangivecompanyadvantage.Salaryandbenefitsareusedtoattractnewemployeesintoacompany.Ifthesalaryandbenefitsaregoodenough,employeesmaytakeajobandstaywiththecompany.Benefitsincludesvacationtime,healthinsuranceandbonusesforemployeeswhodoagoodjob.Whenapplyforjob,it’simportanttohaveskillsandexperienceneededforthejob.Developingandincreasingskillsandexperienceisgoodwaytoprepareforajob.Eachjobapersonhasisanopportunitytolearnnewthingsanddevelopnewskills.Advertisestrytoincreasetothedemandforaproductorservice.EducationandtrainingarewaystodevelopaskilledworkforceunforeseenL4Unit3-3dialogue谈论租房与房东Youdon’tlookgood,issomethingbotheringyouYes,it’smylandlord房东.Oh,isitsomethingwrongwithyourflat.No,that’snotsomethingwrongwiththeflat.ButI’mgoingtohavetomoveout.Whydidyouhavetomoveout?Forthelast2month,afriendhasbeenstayingwithme.Shestayeduntilshecouldfindajob.That’sniceofyou.Yes,butI’mnotsupposedtohaveanyonestayingthere.WasthatintherentalagreementYes,itwas.It’sokifafriendstaysforafewdaysbutnotformorethanthat.Soyoubroketheagreementeventhoughitwasforagoodreason.Anyway,oneofmyneighborstoldthelandlordsaboutmyfriend.SonowI’mintrouble.Thelandlordisangryandsaysshecan’ttrustme.That’sridiculous.ItoldheraboutmyfriendandhowI’mtryingtohelpher,butshedoesn’tcare.Wow,shedoesn’tsoundverynice.That’sright,sheisn’tnice.She’sjustinterestedinmoney.Infact,sheisgoingtokeepmysecuritydeposit押金.HowcanshedothatNothingisdamaged,right.Right,everythingintheflatisfine.She’skeepingthedepositbecauseIbroketherentalagreement.WhataboutyourrentYes,that’sanotherproblem.Ialreadypay3monthsrentsoIhopeIcangetitback.Whatcanyoudoifshedoesn’treturnitIdon’tknow.Itoldtomyagent.He’sniceandmaybehecanhelp.MaybeIshouldrefusetoleavetheflatuntilIgetitback.Besuretotakepictureofyourflat.Whatfor?Justtoshowtheconditionofyourflat.Thenshecan’tsayyourfrienddamageditanyway.Goodidea.She’sasmall-minded心胸狭窄的,evilwoman.Ishouldneverhaverenteditfromherinthefirstplace.L4Unit3-4listening职业Whatkindofcareeristhebestandwhatkindofqualification?Oneofmostpopularcareersforkidsisthetobecomeanastronaut.Manykidsdreamofgoingspacewhentheygrowup.Theydreamofworkonaspacestationorexploringdeepspace.Tobecomeanastronaut,it’simportanttohavetherightbackground.Manyastronautshaveabackgroundinengineering,physicsormedicine.Sometimestheyhaveamilitarybackground,suchasflyingmilitaryaircraft.Asforpay,astronautcanearnagoodsalarybutnotgreat.Anotherpopularcareeristobecomeamusicianoractor.Manykidsdreamofbecomeafamoussingerormoviestars.However,mostofmusicianoractordon’tbecomefamous.Theyareusuallypaidbythehourorbytheperformance.Onlyaveryfewhavelotsofmoney.Sothebestadviceisnottobeamusicianoractorunlessthat’syourrealpassion.Becomingaprofessionalathleteisanotherdreamjobformany.It’snicetoimagineplayafavoritesportandgettingpaidforit.However,becomingafamousathletetakesalotofworkandpractice.Greatathletespracticeforhoursadaywithteammatesandcoaches.Theyalsoworkregularlywithtrainerstokeeptheirbodystrong.Thelevelofpayforathletesdependsonthesuccessandtheleveloftheirperformance.Athletesoftenhaveshortcareerbecauseofthephysicalrequirementoftheirsport.Whenyouarenolongerabletocompeteinahighlevel,someathletesbecomecoaches.Firefightersandpoliceofficersareimportantjobthathelpandprotectpeople.Thesecareersrequireapplicantstocompletetrainingprogramsandpassthewrittenandphysicaltests.Thesejobscanbeexcitinganddangeroussotheyrequirecourageandsometimessacrifice.Whenconsideringsalaryandbenefits,someofthelowestpayingjobsareinthehospitalityandbeautyindustries.Forexample,foodserviceworkerandhairstylesgenerouslyhavelowsalaries.Thiskindofjobdon’trequiremuchoftheeducationortraining.Butagain,ifyouenjoywhatyou’redoing,thatmaybegoodenough.Forexample,youmayreallyenjoytalkingwithyourcustomers.Spendingyourlifedoingsomethingyoudislikecanbeveryunsatisfying,evenifthesalaryishigh.Someofthehighestpaidprofessionsincludesdoctors,lawyersandscientists.However,theseprofessions职业requirehighlevelofeducationandtraining.Thepathtobecomingadoctor,forexample,isalongone.Doctorsrequireauniversitydegree,severalyearsinmedicalschool,andseveralmoreyearsinexperience.OnlythenaretheycertifiedasamedicaldoctororMD.Soitdoesn’tmakesensetoconsidertheseprofessionsunlessyouarewillingtoworkhardformanyyears.Andbecause,youshouldreallycaredoingtheworkwell.L4Unit3-4vocabulary战争和生物Civil内战warsarefoughtbetweencitizensofthesamecountryandarefoughtwithinthecountry.Ifcitizensofacountrydisagreeaboutthepolicyorleader,theymayfightacivilwar.Aworldwarisfoughtwhencountriesformalliancesandthesealliancesfighteachother.Aworldwarinvolvesmanyormostoftheworld’smostpowerfulcountries.Therewere2worldwarinthe20thcentury.Terrorisminvolvesgroupsofindividualsratherthancountries.Terroristsmaycomefromdifferentcountriesandtheymaysharethesamebeliefs.Terroristsoftenusecar-bombingsorsuicideattacksoninnocentpeople.Aterroristattackcanhappenatanytimeandanyplace.Aninvasion侵略occurswhenonecountryattacksanother.Itsendsitsarmytotheothercountryandattemptstotakecontrol.OneofmostfamousinvasionswaswhenFranceinvadedRussiain1812.Adefensive防御的waroccurswhenacountryisattackedandneedstodefenditself.Mostofcountrieshavemilitarysothatitcandefenditselfifit’sattacked.WhenFranceinvadedRussiain1812,theRussiaarmyfoughtadefensivewaranddefeatedthe