完全倒装的四种主要类型

HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"完全倒装的四种主要类型1.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"here和there位于句首时的倒装表示地点的here和there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come,go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：Here’sTom.汤姆在这里。There’sJim.吉姆在那儿。Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。Theregoesthebell.铃响了。Theregoesthelasttrain.最后一班火车开走了。【注意】(1)以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说Hereiscomingthebus。(2)若主语为代词，则不倒装：HereIam.我在这儿。/我来了。Hereitcomes.它来了。(3)其中的动词有时也可能是stand,lie,live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)：Therestoodadeskagainstthewall.靠墙放着一张桌。OnceuponatimetherelivedamanknownbythenameofBeef.从前有个人名叫比夫。2.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"away和down等位于句首时的倒装地点副词away,down,in,off,out,over,round,up等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：Awaywenttherunners.赛跑选手们跑远了。Roundandroundflewtheplane.飞机盘旋着。ThedooropenedandincameMrSmith.门开了，史密斯先生进了来。Downcametherainandupwenttheumbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑起来了。【注意】若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装：Awayhewent.他跑远了。Downitcame.它掉了下来。3.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"状语或表语位于句首时的倒装为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装：AmongthesepeoplewashisfriendJim.他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。Bythewindowsatayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。【注意】在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：Intheboxwasacat.箱子里是一只猫。Intheboxweresomecats.箱子里是一些猫。4.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"分词和不定式置于句首的倒装有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装：Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。Standingbesidethetablewashiswife.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。Tobecarefullyconsideredarethefollowingquestions.下列问题要仔细考虑。HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"涉及倒装的13个高考英语高频考点1.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查never置于句首时的倒装当否定副词never置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为BA）(1)Neverinmywildestdreams_________thesepeoplearelivinginsuchpoorconditions.(安徽卷)A.IcouldimagineB.couldIimagineC.Icouldn’timagineD.couldn’tIimagine(2)Neverbefore_________ingreaterneedofmodernpublictransportthanitistoday.(上海卷)A.hasthiscitybeenB.thiscityhasbeenC.wasthiscityD.thiscitywas2.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查little置于句首时的倒装当否定副词little置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为DD）(1)Little_________thatwewerewatchinghiseverymove,soheseemedtobegoinghisownwayinthisbusiness.(安徽卷)A.herealizedB.hedidn’trealizeC.didn’therealizeD.didherealize(2)TheyhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishbutlittle_________theyknowaboutGerman(天津卷)A.haveB.didC.hadD.do3.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查seldom置于句首时的倒装当否定副词seldom置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为BA）(1)Seldom_________anyapologywhenmistakesaremade.A.wereceiveB.dowereceiveC.wereceivedD.didwereceive(2)Seldom_________anarticlethatwassofulloflies.A.haveIreadB.IhavereadC.hadIreadD.Ihadread4.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查hardly/scarcely置于句首时的倒装当否定副词hardly,scarcely等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为A）Hardly_________EdinburghthantheywereorderedtoreturntoLondon.A.hadtheyreachedB.theyhadreachedC.havethereachedD.theyhavereached5.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查nosooner等置于句首时的倒装当nosooner,nolonger等结构置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为AC）(1)—DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?—No,nosooner_________thanithappened.(天津卷)A.hadshegone B.shehadgoneC.hasshegoneD.shehasgone(2)Nosooner_________mowingthelawnthanitstartedraining.A.haveIstartedB.IhavestartedC.hadIstartedD.Ihadstarted6.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查nowhere置于句首时的倒装当否定副词nowhere置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为A）Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelse_________suchabeautifulplace.(辽宁卷)A.canyoufindB.youcouldfindC.youcanfind  D.couldyoufind7.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查bynomeans等置于句首时的倒装当表示否定意义的副词性短语bynomearns,onnoaccounts,innocase,atnotime等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为D）I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans_________withmyprogress.(重庆卷)A.theteacherisnotsatisfiedB.istheteachernotsatisfiedC.theteacherissatisfied D.istheteachersatisfied8.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查notonly置于句首时的倒装当notonly…butalso句式的notonly部分置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为B）_________snacksanddrinksbuttheyalsobroughtcardsforentertainmentwhentheyhadapicnicintheforest.(上海)A.NotonlytheybroughtB.NotonlydidtheybringC.NotonlybroughttheyD.Notonlytheydidbring9.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查notuntil置于句首时的倒装当not…until句式转换成notuntil且置于句首时，其后的主句部分习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为B）NotuntilIbegantowork_________howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealize D.Irealized10.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查“only+状语”置于句首时的倒装当“only+状语”置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为DA）(1)Onlythen_________howmuchdamagehadbeencaused.(陕西卷)A.sherealizedB.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealizedD.didsherealize(2)_________bykeepingdowncostswillPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies.(浙江卷)A.OnlyB.JustC.StillD.Yet11.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查“so+形容词”置于句首时的倒装当so…that句式的“so+形容词”部分置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为BB）(1)_________thatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.(陕西卷)A.SosuccessfulherbusinesswasB.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.SoherbusinesswassuccessfulD.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness(2)Sodifficult_________ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(广东卷)A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound12.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查类似“sodoI”结构的倒装SodoI这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一肯定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“……也一样”“……也是如此”。如：（答案为CA）(1)—Myroomgetsverycoldatnight.—_________.(江苏卷)A.SoismineB.SomineisC.SodoesmineD.Sominedoes(2)—It’sburninghottoday,isn’tit?—Yes._________yesterday.(福建卷)A.SowasitB.SoitwasC.SoitisD.Soisit13.HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/imp/Index.html"考查类似“nor/neitherdoI”结构的倒装nor[neither]doI这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一否定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“……也一样”“……也是如此”。如：（答案为B）IfJoe’swifewon’tgototheparty,_________.(全国II)A.hewilleitherB.neitherwillheC.heneitherwillD.eitherhewill【倒装专练】1.So_________thateventhepeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.A.loudlyhespokeB.hespokeloudlyC.loudlydidhespeakD.loudlyspokedidhe2.Onlywhenonelosesfreedom_________itsvalue.A.doesoneknowB.onedoesknowC.doesknowone   D.knowonedoes3.Heneverwenttoseeheragain,_________toapologize.A.nordidhewriteB.norhedidwriteC.hedidwriteD.norhewrote4._________tosleepthanthetelephonerangonceagain.A.NosoonerhadhegoneB.NosoonerdidhegoC.HenosoonerwentD.Hehadgonenosooner5.Nosooner_________downthanthephonerang.A.hadIsatB.IhadsatC.haveIsat   D.Ihavesat6.Nosooner_________thanhewasaskedtoleaveagain.A.hashearrivedB.hehasarrivedC.hadhearrivedD.hehadarrived7.Little_________,butwe’reflyingtoGenevanextweekendtocelebratehisbirthday.A.doesheknowB.heknowsC.knowshimD.didheknow8.Neverinmywildestdreams_________towinfirstplacelasttime.A.IexpectedB.didIexpectC.IhaveexpectedD.haveIexpected9.Neverbefore_________somanypeopleherearestillstarving.A.hadIknownB.IhadknownC.haveIknownD.Ihaveknown10.Little_________abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecaresD.hecared11.Onlyaftermyfriendcame_________.(fromHYPERLINK"http://www.nmet168.com"www.nmet168.com)A.didthecomputerrepairedB.berepairedthecomputerC.wasthecomputerrepairedD.thecomputerwasrepaired12._________aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.A.SocuriousthecouplewasB.SocuriouswerethecoupleC.HowcuriousthecouplewereD.Thecouplewassuchcurious13.Onlybyshouting_________tomakehimselfheard.A.hewasableB.washeableC.hedidableD.didheable14.Onlywhenwelanded_________howbadlytheplanehadbeendamaged.A.werealizedB.didwerealizeC.hadwerealizedD.wehadrealized15._________wastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.A.SosuddenB.ToosuddenC.SosuddenlyD.Toosuddenly16.Notonly_________apayincrease,theywantreducedhoursaswell.A.dothenurseswantB.thenurseswantC.didthenurseswantD.thenurseswanted17.Notonly_________toher,Ievengotherautograph!A.IspokeB.didIspeakC.IhavespokenD.haveIspoken18.Theservicewasterribleand_________thefood.A.sothatB.soasC.sowasD.soasto【参考答案】1—5CAAAA6—10CABCB11—15CBBBA16—18ABCHYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"部分倒装用法归纳 HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"部分倒装，即将主语与助动词倒置，其结构与一般疑问句大致相同。英语中构成部分倒装的主要情形有：1.含否定意义的词(如never,hardly,seldom,little,few,notuntil,not,notonly,nosooner,nolonger,nowhere,bynomeans等)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。如：NeverhaveIseenreadsuchabook.我从未读过那样的书。Littledoweknowhislife.我们对他的生活了解得很少。Bynomeansshouldyoutellhimaboutit.你绝不要告诉他这事。2.only加状语(副词/介词短语/HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/nc/Index.html"\t"_blank"从句)放在句首时，其后用HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"部分倒装。如：Onlyinthiswaycanyoudoitwell.只有这样你才能做好。Onlywhenhereturnedhomedidherealizewhathadhappened.当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。3.so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用“so/neither/nor+助动词+主语”这样的倒装句式。如：HecansingEnglishsongsandsocanI.他会唱英语歌，我也会。Hedidn’tseethefilm,andneitherdidI.他没有看这部电影，我也没有看。Sheiseverybeautifulandsowashermotherwhenshewasyoung.她很美，她妈妈年轻时也很美。4.当虚拟条件句含有were,should,had时，可省略if，将were,should,had置于句首。如：WereITom(=IfIwereTom),Iwouldrefuse.如果我是汤姆，我就会拒绝。HadIrealizedthat(=IfIhadrealizedthat),Iwouldhavedonesomething.我要是明白了这一点，我可能会采取某种行动(fromwww.yygrammar.com)。5.so...that结构中，将so+adj./adv.置于句首时，其后要用HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"倒装语序。如：Socoldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。Sofastdoeslighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"完全倒装用法归纳 完全倒装，即将谓语移到主语前。英语中构成完全倒装的情形主要有：1.以here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,off,away等方向性副词开头的句子，且句子主语是名词时，句子用HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"完全倒装。如：Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。Nowcomesyourturn.现在该你了。Thencameanewdifficulty.这时又产生了一个新的困难。ThedooropenedandincameMrLi.门开了，李先生进了来。注：若主语为代词，则不用倒装。如：Thedooropenedandinshecame.门开了，她走了进来。2.将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首加以强调时，其后通常用HYPERLINK"http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/inver/Index.html"倒装语序。如：AmongthemwasmyfriendJim.他们当中就有我的朋友吉姆。Aroundthelakearesometalltree.湖的四周有些高树。注：在表语置于句首的倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。