人教版九年级英语单词表

人教版九年级英语单词表 九年级全册单词表 Unit 1 flashcard 抽认卡 vocabulary 词汇 aloud 大声地 pronunciation 发音 specific明确的 memorize 记住 grammar 语法 differently 不同地 frustrate 使失望 frustrating 令人失望的 quickly 快地 add补充;增加 excited 兴奋 not at all一点也不 end up 结束 pronounce 发……音;宣布spoken 口语的 slowly 缓慢的 mistake 错误 make mistakes 犯错 comma 逗号 challenge 挑战 solution 解决 later on 稍后 realize 认识到;了解到 matter 重要;有关系 it doesn’t matter 没关系afraid 害怕的 be afraid to害怕去做 laugh at嘲笑;取笑 complete 完全的 sentence句子 secret秘密;诀窍 learner 学习者 take notes 做笔记 term 学期 impress 使感动 trouble 困难;苦恼 fast 快速的 look up 查阅 soft 柔软 make up 组成 essay 散文 deal 处理 deal with 处理 unless 除非 unfair 不公平的 solve 解决 regard关心;将…..视为 duty 责任 easily 容易地 influence 影响;对……起作用Unit 2 used to 过去常常 be interested in 对……有兴 趣 airplane 飞机 terrify 使害怕 be terrified of 非常害怕的 go to sleep 入睡 be angry with 生……的气 go by 过去;消失 friendship友情;友谊 lose失去;丧失 disagreement 意见不合 development 成长;发展 adult 成年人 try one’s best 尽力做 unimportant 不重要的 face 面临 soldier军人;士兵 break off 中断 psychologist 心理学家 on 开着的;接通的 insect 昆虫 candy 糖果 chew 咀嚼 gum 口香糖 chat 聊天;闲谈 daily 每日的 comic 连环图画 death死;死亡 afford 负担 cause造成;使发生 himself 他自己 patient 有耐心的 in the end 最后 decision 决定 make a decision 作决定head teacher 班主任 necessary 必需品 Unit 3 piercee 刺穿 license 执照 silly 愚蠢的 earring 耳环 instead of 代替 stay up 熬夜 concentrate 集中 concentrate on 专注于 study学习;研究 to one’s surprise 令某人惊 奇的是…… exactly正;恰恰 even though 即使 no longer 不再 take pride in 对……注意;留 心 attention 注意 pay attention to 对……注意 give up 放弃 waste 浪费 not...any more 不再 design ;构思 present礼物;现在 at present 目前 opportunity 机会 volunteer机会;志愿者 local 当地的 experience 经历;经验 member会员;成员 mess 混乱 old people’s home 养老院 sleepy 困倦的 reply 回答;答复 newsletter 时事通讯;简报 obey 服从 in the way 当道的;妨碍人的achieve完成;实现 race 比赛;比赛 Unit 4 million 百万 medical医疗的 research 研究;调查 tie 领带 worry 烦恼;忧虑 what if 如果...将会怎么样 pimple 丘疹 exam 考试 energetic 精力充沛的 confident 自信的 permission 许可;允许 herself 她自己 bother 使恼怒;打扰 realistic 现实的 taught 教 importance重要 care 照料 care about关心;担心 succeed成功;达到 point 要点;论点 not...in the slightest 一点也 不 annoy 使生气;使烦恼 fairly 相当地;还算 plenty of 许多 get along with 和……相处 circle 圈子;阶层 listener 听者;收听者 let...down... 使…失望 come knowledgeable 知识渊博的 represent 代表;表示 up with 提出;想出 rest 剩余部分;其余 aid 帮助 first-aid 急救 nearby 附近的 shelf 架子 come out 出版;发表 cover 覆盖;遮掩 press 按;压;挤 deep深的 downstairs顺楼梯而下;在楼 下 correct 对的;正确的 Unit 5 belong 属于 belong to 属于 author 作家;作者 picnic 野餐 hair band 发带 possibly 可能地 drop 落下;掉下 symphony 交响乐 optometrist 验光师 appointment 约会;约定 burn 烧伤;烧坏 knee 膝盖 pain 疼痛;痛苦 hurt使受伤;伤害 safety 安全 offer 提供 refuse 拒绝;回绝 helpful 有帮助的 treat 对待 burn烧伤;伤痕 crucial 关键的;决定性的 make up 形成;组成 final 最后的 anxious 忧虑的 worried 烦恼的;焦虑的 owner拥有者;所有者 Oxford University 牛津大 学 chase 追逐;追赶 sky 天;天空 helicopter 直升机 creature 生物 catch 赶上;捕获 unhappy 不快乐的 extremely 非常;极其 interview 面试;采访 noise 噪音;喧闹声 wind 风 neighbor 邻居 footstep 脚步声 garbage 垃圾;废料 mystery 神秘的事物 director 领导者 monkey 猴子 escape 逃跑 Review of units 1-5 net 网 turn off 关掉 Unit 6 prefer 更喜爱 lyric 歌词 gentle 轻柔的;温和的 bark吠声;叫声 smell 气味 finger 手指 lift 举起 stone 石头 ant 蚂蚁 ocean 大海 dishonest 不诚实的 pretend 假装 use up 用光 attempt 试图;企图 Hemingway 海明威 Mark Twain 马克吐温Fred 弗雷德 polar bear 北极熊 vietnam越南 dislike 不喜欢 remind 提醒;使记起 heart 心;内心 string 细绳;线 sink 下沉;沉没 Yellow River 黄河 Fisherman 渔夫 latest 最近的 entertainment 娱乐 feature 特点;特征 photography摄影;照相 gallery 美术馆;画廊 photographer 摄影师 display 展览;陈列 on display展览 photograph相片 interest引起……关注;使…… 感兴趣 classs 等级;类别 whatever 不管什么 miss 想念;错过 suggest 显示;暗示 energy活力;力量 okay=OK 好的 pro 赞成的观点 con 反对的观点 honest 诚实的 course 课程 suit 适合 expect 期待; expect 除了 sweet 甜的 suit sb.(fine) 合某人的意 taste 品尝;尝起来 to be honest 老实说 be bad for 对...有害 actually 实际上 fry 油煎;油炸 mainly 主要地 stay away from 与……保持 距离 be in agreement 意见一致 itself 它自己;它本身 laboratory 实验室 type 类型 cancer 癌症 barbecue 烧烤 increase 增加 risk 危险;风险 biscuit 饼干 main 主要的;首要的 exclamation 惊叹词 tag 标签 Unit 7 tiring 引起疲劳的 educational 教育的 peaceful 和平的 fascinating 迷人的 thrilling 令人激动的 take it easy 从容;轻松 Florida 佛罗里达州 trek 旅行 长途跋涉 Amazon 亚马逊河 jungle 热带丛林 fall 瀑布;秋天(美) Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉大瀑 布 touristy 游客很多的 spotlight 公众注意的中心 tag question附加疑问句 contraction 缩略词;缩略形 式 tasty 味道好的 vegetarian 素食者 shock 使……震惊 consider 考虑 lively 充满活力的 sight 名胜;风景 including 包括 tower 塔 Eiffel 埃菲尔铁塔 cathedral 总教堂 Notre Dame Cathedral 巴 黎圣母院 Church 教堂 convenient 方便的 underground 地铁;秘密活 动 general 一般事物 in general 大体上;一般而言 wine 葡萄酒 translate 翻译 pack 把……打包 light 灯;光;轻;点燃 Ace Travel 旅游社名 eastern 东方的 provide 提供 firm 公司 spot 地点;现场 Confucius 孔子 sail 航行 Pacific 太平洋 finding 发现 thousands of 数以千计 as soon as possible 尽快地Unit 8 clean up 打扫干净 hunger 饥饿 homeless 无家可归的 cheer 使振奋;使高兴起来 give out 分发;发放 clean-up 打扫;清洁 continue 继续 programming 编程 translator 翻译者 report 报导 willing 乐意的 be willing to 乐意做某事 quite a few 相当多的 dream 做梦;梦想 dream of 梦想着 sportspeople 爱运动的人 conclusion 结论 hold on to 继续;坚持 come true 实现 attitude 态度 sign 标牌;招牌 advertisement 广告 put off 推迟;延迟 set 摆放;放置 set up 建立;创立;开办 establish 建立;建造 think up 想出 major 主要的的;重大的 commitment 奉献;忠诚 elementary 基础的;初级的;的 coach 教练;指导 veterinarian 兽医 take after 与(父母等)相像 fix 修理;修补 fix up 修理;修补 give away 赠送;分发 repair 修理;修补 similar 相似的;相仿的 put up 张贴;搭建 ask for 要求;请求 hand out 分发;发放 call-in(=phone-in)听众来 电直播节目 strategy 方法;策略 work out 产生结果;发展 website (互联网的)站点 disabled 肢体有残疾的 organization 组织;机构 fill 装满;填满 pleasure 愉快;高兴 blind 盲的 deaf 聋的 unable 不能的;不会的 cannot(=can’t) imagine 相像 shut 关上(门、窗、盖等) carry 搬运;携带 help(sb.)out 帮助(某人)解 决困难 specially 特意地;专门地 fetch 拿来;青来 at once 立即;马上 suppor 支持;帮组 appreciate 感激 donation 捐赠物;捐赠 part of speech词性;词类 pronoun 代词 adverb 副词 preposition 介词 conjunction 连词 Unit 9 invent 发明;创造 calculator 计算器 be used for 用来做…… scoop 勺子;用勺舀 adjustable 可调整的 heel 后跟;鞋跟 battery 电池 operate 操作;作业 battery-operated 电池供电 的 slipper 拖鞋 heat 加热;变热 bulb 电灯泡;电灯 light bulb 电灯泡 microwave 微波 microwave oven 微波炉 crispy 脆的;易碎的 salty 咸的;含盐的 sour 酸的;酸味的 by mistake 错误地 donate 捐赠;赠送 chef 厨师 sprinkle 撒;洒 by accident 偶然地;意外地 beverage 饮料 according to根据;按照;据… 所说 ancient 古代的;古老的 legend 传说;传奇故事 Shen Nong 神农 bush 灌木;灌木丛 fall into 落入;陷入 remain 留下;被遗留 notice 注意到;察觉到 produce 生产;制造 pleasant 合意的;令人愉快的 mixture 混合;混合剂 in this way 这样 pie 馅饼 flying 飞盘;飞碟 bakery 面包店 Bridgeport (美国)布里奇 波特市 Connecticut(美国)康涅狄 格州 抛 taste 味道;风味 lemon 柠檬 throw 投; cookie 小甜饼干;曲奇饼 abacus 算盘 binoculars 双筒望远镜 century 世纪;百年 rank 顺序;级别 active 活动的; knock 敲;击;碰积极的 indoors 在户create 创造;创作 wooden 木制的 撞 knock into 与……相撞 divide 分开;划分 Unit 10 by the time 到……时候 gotten get的过去分词 aim 目标;目的 basket 篮;框 metal 金属 hoop 环;圈;篮圈 shoot 投篮;射击 below 在……的下面 backboard 篮板;背板 guide 指导;带领 towards 向着;朝着 court 球场 Berlin 柏林 develop 发展 popularity 普及;流行 rise 上升;达到较高水平等 risen rise的过去分词 worldwide 世界范围的;世界 性的 association 协会 equipment 装备;器材 oversleep 睡过头 go off 发出响声 rush 冲;奔 run off 跑掉;迅速离开 on time 准时 lock 锁上;锁 relative 亲属;亲戚 broke break的过去式 break down 停止运行;出故 障 fool 愚弄;欺骗;愚人;白痴 costume 成套服装;戏装 embarrassed 尴尬的;为难的 empty 空的;排空 show up 出席;露面 exhausted 及其疲惫的;精疲 力竭的 describe 描述;描绘 April Fool’s Day 愚人节 announce 宣布;宣告 Mars 火星 convincing 令人信服的;有 说服力的 Review of units 6-10 panic 恐慌;惊恐 set off 激起;引起 authority 权威机构;行政管 理机构 reveal 揭示;揭露 hoax 骗局;恶作剧 flee 逃;逃走 fled flee的过去式及过去分词spaghetti 意大利面 farmer 农夫;农场主 sell out 卖完;售完 girlfriend 女朋友 marry 嫁;娶;与……结婚 thrill (使)非常激动;(使) 非常紧张 get married 结婚 ending 结局;结尾 embarrassing 令人尴尬的 a piece of 一片;块 Halloween 万圣节前夕 Holland 荷兰 Unit11 restroom 公共厕所;休息室 shampoo 洗发水;香波 drugstore 杂货店;药店 cafe 咖啡馆;小餐馆 department 部门;局;部 department store 百货商 店;百货公司 escalator 电动扶梯 magic 魔术;魔力;魔术的; 有魔力的 fresh 新鲜的 block 街区;街短 oak 橡树;橡木 uncrowded 不拥挤的;宽敞 safe 安全的;可靠的 slide 滑道;滑动装置 clown 小丑;丑角 Unit12 water slide 水滑道 Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰 staff 职员;工作人员 organized 有组织的;安排有 序的 dress up 装扮;穿上盛装 market 市场;集市广场 lend 借给;借出 park 公园;停车 alright =all right好吧 direct 直接的;直率的 order 命令;指示 wonder 觉得奇怪;想知道 lead 引导;引诱 trouble 麻烦;烦恼 offend 冒犯;得罪 certain 某些;某个 structure 结构;构造 hand in 交上;提交 shake 摇动;震动 shake hands 握手 custom 风俗习惯;习俗 bow 鞠躬;弯腰 kiss 吻;亲吻 Cali (哥伦比亚城市)卡利 Colombia 哥伦比亚 relaxed 放松的;宽松的 drop by 顺便拜访 Lausanne (瑞士城市)洛桑 Switzerland 瑞士 land 国土;国家 after all 毕竟;终究 towards 对于;关于 greet 问候;向……打招呼 Peru 秘鲁 pick 捡起;拾起 pick up 捡起;拾起 wipe 擦;抹 napkin 餐巾 make a noise 发出令人不愉 快的声音 stick 刺;戳;插 rude 粗鲁的;无礼的 point 指向 go out of one’s way to do sth. 特地做某事 make sb. feel at home 使 某人感到宾至如归 manner 礼貌;规矩 table manners 餐桌礼仪 be/get used to 习惯于…… fork 叉;餐叉 full 吃饱的;过饱的 lap 大腿 elbow 肘部 gradually 逐渐地;渐渐地 particular 特殊的;独特的 compliment 称赞;恭维 toast 敬酒;祝酒 unfamiliar 不熟悉的;陌生 spoon 匙;调羹 knife 刀;餐刀 crowd 挤满;充满 rubbish 垃圾;废物 seek 寻找;探究 chatline 聊天热线 online 联机的;在线的 type 打字 mostly 多半;主要地;通常 abbreviation 缩略词;缩写式form 组成;构成 phrase 短语;词组 homophone 同音异型异议 词 combine 结合;组合 symbol 象征;标志;符号 punctuation 标点符号 mark 记号;符号 Unit 13 lagoon 泻湖;环礁湖 scientific 科学的 therefore 因此;所以 pink 粉红色的 lighting 光线;照明 hard 坚硬的;坚固的 emoticon 由字符组成的图释 colon 冒号 bracket 括号 emotion 情感;感情 beside 在……旁边 e-mail=email电子邮件;发电 子邮件 riddle 谜语 learn…by oneself 自学 experiment 试验;实验 proper 合适的 pleased 高兴的;满意的 queue 一对人;排队 normally 正常地;通常 whose 谁的 serve 服务;招待;端上 fair 公平的;公道的 campaign 运动 endangered 濒临灭绝的 slogan 标语;口号 mysterious 神秘的;不可思 议的 shiny 有光泽的;发亮的 skin 皮肤 product 产品 lookout 前景;远景 beauty 美;美貌 keep out 呆在外边 toothpaste 牙膏 stardust 星团;幻觉 advertising 广告;广告活动pros and cons 赞成和反对 aim 瞄准;对准 aim at 瞄准;针对 specifically 特定地;明确的 instance 例子;实例 for instance 例如;比如 Unit 14 bathing 游泳;洗澡 suit (一套)衣服 bathing suit 游泳衣;泳装 towel 毛巾;手巾 list 列出;列举 confusing 令人困惑的 misleading 令人误解的 truth 真实;真相 at times 有时;偶尔 to start with 首先 tense 紧张的;焦虑的 home-made 自制的;家里做 的 schoolbag 书包 purple 紫色的 purse 钱包;女用小包 guilty taste 品味;审美力 saying 格言;警句;谚语 thought 思想;想法;考虑 count 有价值;重要 water 浇灌;浇水 guidebook 手册;指南 clean out 清除;把……打扫干 净 refrigerator 冰箱 garage 汽车库;汽车间 suitcase (旅游用)小提箱 get back to sb. 过一会再给 某人电话 chop 砍;劈;剁 wood 木头;木材 light 点燃;点着 well 井;井水 farm 农场;农庄 anyway 不管怎样 award 奖赏;奖金 wave 波浪;波涛 scene 舞台 hit 成功且轰动一时的事物 appear 出现;露面 lead 领导的;领先的 lead singer 主唱者 some day 将来某一天 Unit 15 manatee 海牛 furry 皮毛的 be off 离开;走开 poem 诗;韵文 cupboard 食橱;橱柜 turn 依次轮到的机会 mail 邮件;邮政 ancestor 祖先;祖宗 root 根;根源 overseas 海外的;国外的 homeland 祖国;家乡 government 政府 so far 到目前为止 southern 南方的 go for walks 去散步 villager 村民;乡村居民 thanks to 幸亏;由于 strongly 坚定的;坚决的 purpose 目的;意图 step 步;脚步;步骤 look forward 盼望;期待 enormous 巨大的;庞大的playful 顽皮的 aggressive 侵犯的;挑衅的 gary 灰色 spotted 有斑点的 kangaroo 袋鼠 chimpanzee 黑猩猩 cheetah 猎豹 mangrove 红树 swamp 沼泽 habitat 生长环境 aquatic 水生的;水栖的 feed 动物的食物;饲料 underwater 在水下的 vegetation 植物;草木 weigh 称;称…重量 pound 磅 discover 发现;发觉 polluted 被污染的 present progressive 现在进 行时 present simple 一般过去时 infinitive 动词原型;不定式 passive 被动语态 present perfect 现在完成时 suitable 适合的;适宜的 tiny 极小的;微小的 cage 笼子 disgusted 厌恶的;憎恶的 educate 教育培养 care for 关心;关怀;照顾 urge 强烈要求;竭力主张 expression 词语;表达方式 recycle 再循环;回收利用 built build的过去式及过去分 词 stuff 原料;材料 pull 拉;拖;拔 glue 粘贴;胶水 roof 屋顶;房顶;顶 discard 丢弃;抛弃 tile 瓦片;瓷砖 fence 栅栏;围墙 can 容器 recently 最近 planet 行星 society 社团;社会 president 总统;总裁 inspiration 灵感 Review of Unit11-15 material 材料;物质 business 商业;生意 plastic塑料的;塑料制的 certainly 确实地;无意地 proud 自豪的;骄傲的 flag 旗;旗帜 national flag 国旗 spare 多余的;空闲的 model 模型 现在进行时练习 现在进行时:表示现在进行的动作句子结构:be+动词ing 时间状语:now, look, It’s …o’clck, listen， I. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空: watch)TV now. 1. My parents _________ ____( 2. Look. Three boys _______________(run). 3. What __ ____ your mother ______(do)now? 4. Are___ your dog _ _____ now?(sleep) 5. ____ you _ _ _____(listen)to music? Yes, I am. 6. Look, Miss Chen _ ________ football.(play) 7. Tom and his sister _____ _____(wait)for you over there. 8. Now Class 3 and Class 4__ _ _____(have)a test. 9. Listen, someone _ ____________(sing) in the classroom. Where is Zhang Yan? ——She _ _____(talk)with her teacher in the 10. —— teacher’s office. II. 选择填空: ( )1. Who ______ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing ( ) 2. It’s nine ten. The students ______ a music class. A. have B. having C. are having ( )3. Listen! The boy _______. A. crying B. is crying C. cries ( )4. Don’t talk here. Grandparents ______. A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping ( )5. Is the man _______ tea or milk? A. drinks B. drink C. drinking III. 按要求进行句型转换: 1. Look! Lily is dancing.(改为一般疑问句) _____ _ _________________________________________ 2. Kate is looking for her watch.(改为否定句) ____ Kate ISNOT looking for her watch ________________________________________ 3. Mrs White is watching TV.(对划线部分提问) ______________ Mrs White ________________________________ 4. I am doing homework.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________ IV. 根据中文提示完成句子: 1. 小花不是在写作业，她在画画。 Xiao Hua __________ _ homework _______ pictures. 2. 今天李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙。 Miss Li _______ ____ a red dress today. 3. 你爷爷在看报纸吗, _ ___ your grandpa _____ ____ the newspaper? 4. Tom和Jim在做什么, _What ___ Tom and Jim _____ ____? 5. 他们是在打篮球还是在打排球, _ _ they _ ____ basketball _ ___ volleyball? 6. 孩子们在干什么,他们在唱歌、跳舞。 ________the children __________? They ____ ___ _ ___ and __________. 7. 你喜欢跑步吗,不。 _______ you _like _____ ___ ? No, I_ __________. V. 改错: 1. People like swim in summer.( ) _ __________________________ ) 2. He is go to the park with his mom. ( ______________________________________________________ 3. Are you listen to me?( ) ______________________________________________________ 4. I am not writing a letter.( ) ______________________________________________________ 5. Does she still helping Li Ling?( ) ______________________________________________________ VI. 将下列句 子译成英语: 1. 在这张照片中，我的小弟弟在吃冰淇淋。 ______________________________________________________ 2. 你在等谁, ______________________________________________________ 3. 现在，他们在打篮球吗, ______________________________________________________ 4. 我正在打扫教室。 ______________________________________________________ 5. 那个男孩不是在弹吉它。 ______________________________________________________ ?. 在A、B 栏中找出相应接应语: A B ( ) 1. What language do you speak? a. Korea. ( ) 2. How are you? b. Yes, I am. ( ) 3. Where are you from? c. No, he doesn’ t. ( ) 4. Do you like apples? d. It’s 8:00. ( ) 5. Are you watching TV? e. French. ) ( 6. Does your brother have a toy plane? f. At 9:00 p.m. ( ) 7. What time is it now? g. Yes, I do. ( ) 8. What time do you usually go to bed? h. Fine, thank you. ?. 填空 1. What________ you ______ (do) now? I ___________(eat) bread. 2. It’s nine o’clock. My father_ _____________(work) in the office. 3. Look, the boy ______ ____(put) the rubbish into the bin. 4. _______he_ ___-_____(clean) the classroom? No, he isn’t. He____________(play). 5. Where is Mak? He_ _________(run) on the grass. 6. Listen, who_________(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary________ _ (sing) there. IX. 将下列句子改成现在进行时 1. Tom can speak Chinese. Tom ________________ Chinese. 2. We have four lessons. We ______________four lesson 3. I watch TV every day. I _________________TVnow 4. She works in a hospital. She _________________ in hospital. 5. Do you read this book? __ ____ you ________ this book. 6. Kitty and Ben have lunch at about twelve. Kitty and Ben ______________ lunch at about twelve. 7. His father can help them. His father ______________________them. 8. Danny, open the door. Danny___________________ the door. 9. They watch TV in the evening. They ______________TV now. 提高英语写作分数的88个词组 1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy 2.人民生活水平的显著提高the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard 3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology 4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that… 6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development 7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate 10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument 12.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others… 13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 14.就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on… 15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 16.双方的论点 argument on both sides 17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in… 18.对…必不可少 be indispensable to … 19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes: 20.…也不例外 …be no exception 21.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on… 22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。 23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon 25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement 26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision 28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden 30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration 31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective 32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts 33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to… 34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for… 36.综合素质 comprehensive quality 37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach 39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to… 40. 应当承认 Admittedly, 41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty 42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of… 43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information 44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写) 45.因特网 46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient 47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life 48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly 49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress 50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology 51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue 52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion 53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence 54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way 55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice 56. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend of… 57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition 58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest 59.长远利益. interest in the long run 60.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages 61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones 62.取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。 63.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to 64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information 65.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of … 66.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth 67.…的健康发展 the healthy development of … 68.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。 69.对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。 70.重视 attach great importance to… 71.社会地位 social status 72.把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on… 73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge 74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally 75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to… 76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal 77. 可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that 78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden 79.优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth。 80.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with 81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。 82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of 83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water 84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities 85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress 86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that… 87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding 88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of 高中英语词组固定搭配 ※一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决心做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 ?注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词: aim to do sth. 打算做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 long to do sth. 渴望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 ※二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事 hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事 mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 事 prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事 trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 ?注:不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型: 汉语说:“害怕某人做某事”，但英语不说fear sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“原谅某人做某事”，但英语不说excuse [forgive] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“拒绝某人做某事”，但英语不说refuse sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“惩罚某人做某事”，但英语不说punish sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“建议某人做某事”，但英语不说suggest [propose] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“赞成某人做某事”，但英语不说approve sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“通知某人做某事”，但英语不说inform sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“欢迎某人做某事”，但英语不说welcome sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“坚持某人做某事”，但英语不说insist [persist] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“希望某人做某事”，但英语不说hope sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“安排某人做某事”，但英语不说arrange sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“要求某人做某事”，但英语不说demand sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“感谢某人做某事”，但英语不说thank sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“祝贺某人做某事”，但英语不说congratulate sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“阻止某人做某事”，但英语不说prevent sb. to do sth.。 ?要表示以上意思，可换用其他表达: 汉语的“原谅某人做某事”，英语可说成excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。 汉语的“希望某人做某事”，英语可说成wish sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“建议某人做某事”，英语可说成advise sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“安排某人做某事”，英语可说成arrange for sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“要求某人做某事”，英语可说成demand of sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“感谢某人做某事”，英语可说成thank sb. for doing sth.。 汉语的“祝贺某人做某事”，英语可说成congratulate sb. on doing sth.。 汉语的“阻止某人做某事”，英语可说成prevent sb. from doing sth.。 ※三、接 动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词 admit doing sth. 承认做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 deny doing sth. 否认做某事 discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事 excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事 fancy doing sth. 设想做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 keep doing sth. 保持做某事 mention doing sth. 提及做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 miss doing sth. 错过做某事 pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事 prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事 put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 report doing sth. 报告做某事 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 understand doing sth. 理解做某事 ※四、接现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词 bring sb. doing sth.引起某人做某事 catch sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事 discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事 feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事 find sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事 get sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事 have sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听见 某人做某事 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事 listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人做某事 look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事 observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事 prevent sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事 send sb. doing sth.使某人(突然)做某事 set sb. doing sth. 使(引起)某人做某事 start sb. doing sth. 使某人开始做某事 stop sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 watch sb. doing sth. 观 ※五、接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词 feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做某事 have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事 look at sb. do sth. 看 着某人做某事 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做某事 observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 watch sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事 ※六、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的12个动词 like to do sth / like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 love to do sth / love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 hate to do sth / hate doing sth. 憎恨做某事 prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth. 宁可做某事 begin to do sth / begin doing sth. 开始做某事 start to do sth / start doing sth. 开始做某事 continue to do sth / continue doing sth. 继续做某事 can’t bear to do sth / can’t bear doing sth. 不能忍受做某事 bother to do sth / bother doing sth. 麻烦做某事 intend to do sth / intend doing sth.想要做某事 attempt to do sth / attempt doing sth. 试图做某事 cease to do sth / cease doing sth. 停止做某事 ※七、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的7个动词 (1) remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth. 记住曾做过某事 (2) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事 (3) regret to do sth. 后悔(遗憾)要做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔(遗憾)曾做过某事 (4) try to do sth. 设法要做某事 try doing sth. 做某事试试看有何效果 (5) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 can’t help doing sth. 禁 (6) can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 不住做某事 (7) go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事 go on doing sth. 继续做一直在做的事 注:stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.也不同，前者指停下来去做某事，后者指停止正在做的事，但stop to do sth. 中的不定式不是宾语，是目的状语。 ※八、可接双宾语的38个常用动词 (1) 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人 owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物(钱) post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听 return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看 take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人 teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况 throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信 (2) 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物 draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 为某人画某物 fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb. 为某人去取某物 find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 为某人找到某物 fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 为某人拿来某物 make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物 order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物 pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 为某人采摘某物 prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 为某人留某物 sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 为某人唱某物(歌) spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 为某人让出某物 steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 为某人偷某物 ?注:有的动词后接的双宾语易位时，既可用介词to引出间接宾语，也可用介 play等: 词for引出间接宾语，含义相同，如bring， Bring me today’s paper. = Bring today’s paper to [for] me. 把今天的报纸拿给我。 He played us the record he had just bought. = He played the record he had just bought for [to] us. 他放了他刚买的唱片给我们听。 有的动词后接的双宾语易位时，即可用介词to引出间接宾语，也可用介词for引出间接宾语，含义不同，如leave等: They left me no food. = They left no food for me. 他们没给我留一点食物。 My uncle left me a large fortune. = My uncle left a large fortune to me. 我叔叔死后留下一大笔财产给我。 而有的动词后接双宾语时，既不能用介词to引出间接宾语，也不能用介词for引出间接宾语，如allow, ask, cause, charge, cost, forgive, refuse等: He allows his son too much money. 他给他儿子的钱太多。 He asked me some questions. 他问了我一些问题。 This caused me much trouble. 着给我带来了许多麻烦。 He charged me five dollars for a cup of tea. 他一杯茶向我要了5美元。 His mistake cost him his job. 他的错误让他丢了工作。 I envy you your good luck. 我羡慕你的好运。 They forgave him his rudeness. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。 He refused her nothing. 她要什么就给什么。 ※九、可用于“动词+sb+of sth”的8个常见动词 accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人犯某事(罪)，指责某人做某事 cheat sb. fo sth. 骗取某人某物 cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病，改掉某人的坏习惯 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某情况(事) remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某情况(事) rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物 rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某东西 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人有某情况 ※十、可用于“动词+sb+for doing sth”的8个常见动词 blame sb. for doing sth. 指责某人做某事 criticize sb. for doing sth. 批评某人做某事 forgive sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 excuse sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 pardon sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 punish sb. for doing sth. 惩罚某人做某事 scold sb. for doing sth. 指责(责备)某人做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事 ※十一、可用于“动词+sb+into doing sth”的9个常见动词 cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 food sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 force sb. into doing sth. 迫使某人做某事 argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 terrify sb. into doing sth. 威胁某人做某事 frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓唬某人做某事 persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 ※十二、容易误用作及物动词的9个不及物动词 误:deal a problem 正:deal with a problem 处理问题 误:depend sb. 正:depend on sb. 依靠(依赖)某人 insist on doing sth. 坚持 误:insist doing sth. 正: 要做某事 误:knock the door 正:knock on [at] the door 敲门 误:operate sb. 正:operate on sb. 为某人做手术 误:participate sth. 正:participate in sth. 参加某事 误:refer sth. 正:refer to sth. 查阅(参考)某物 误:rely sb. / sth. 正:rely on sb. / sth. 依靠(依赖)某人(某物 误:reply a letter 正:reply to a letter 回信 ?注:在某些其他用法中，以上有的动词也可能及物，如insist, reply等动词后可接宾语从句，operate表示“操作”、“管理”等时则及物。 ※十三、容易误用作不及物动词的8个及物动词 误:serve for sb. 正:serve sb. 为某人服务 误:marry with sb. 正:marry sb. 与某人结婚 误:discuss about sth. 正:discuss sth. 讨论某事 误:mention about sth. 正:mention sth. 提到某事 误:enter into a room 正:enter a room 进入房间 误:contact with sb. 正:contact sb. 与某人联系 误:equal to sth. 正: equal sth. 等于某物 误:ring to sb. 正:ring sb. 给某人打电话 ?注:有个别词在用于其他意义时，可以是不及物的，如enter into可以表示开始进入或从事某一状态或活动，或用于较抽象的概念。如: The country entered into a state of war. 这个国家进入战争状态。 I can enter into your feelings at the loss of your father. 我理解你失去父亲后的心情。 The two old men entered into a long conversation. 两位老人开始长谈起来。 ※十四、17个常用“be+形容词+about”结构 be angry about 为……生气 be anxious about 为……担忧 be careful about 当心…… be certain about 确信…… be curious about 对……好奇 be disappointed about 失望 对…… be excited about 对……感到兴奋 be glad about 对……感到高兴 be happy about 为……感到高兴 be hopeful about 对……抱有希望 be mad about 对……入迷 be nervous about 为……感到不安 be particular about 对……讲究 be sad about 为……而难过 ……认真 be sure about 对……有把 be serious about 对 握 be worried about 为……担忧 be+形容词+at”结构 ※十五、10个常用“ be angry at 为……生气 be bad at 不善于…… be clever at 擅长于…… be disappointed at 对……失望 be expert at 在……方面是 be good at 善于…… be mad at 对……发怒 be quick at 在……方面敏捷 be skilful at 在……方面熟练 be slow at 在……方面迟钝 ※十六、18个常用“be+形容词+for”结构 be anxious for 渴望 be bad for 对……有害，对……不利 be bound for 前往 be celebrated for 以……出 名 be convenient for 对……方便，在……附近 be eager for渴望 be famous for 因……闻名 be fit for 合适，适合 be good for 对……有益(方便) be grateful for 感谢 be hungry for 渴望得到 be late for 迟到 be necessary for 对……有必要 be ready for 为……准备好 be sorry for 因……抱歉 be suitable for 对……合适(适宜) be thankful for 因……而感激 be well-known for以……出名 ※十七、6个常用“be+形容词+from”结构 be absent from 缺席，不在 be different from 与……不同 be far from 离……远，远远不 be free from 没有，免受 be safe from 没有……的危险 be tired from 因……而疲劳 十八、13个常用“be+形容词+in”结构 ※be concerned in 与……有关 be disappointed in 对(某人)感到失望 be engaged in 从事于，忙于 be experienced in 在……方面有经验 be expert in 在……方面是行家 be fortunate in 在……方 面幸运 be honest in 在……方面诚实 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be lack in 缺乏 be rich in 富于，在……方面富有 be skilful in 擅长于 be successful in 在……方面成功 方面不行 be weak in 在…… ※十九、18个常用“be+形容词+of”结构 be afraid of 害怕 be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧 be aware of 意识到，知道 be capable of 能够，可以 be careful of 小心，留心 be certain of 确信，对……有把握 be fond of 喜欢 be free of 没有，摆脱 be full of 充满 be glad of 为……而高兴 be nervous of 害怕 be proud of 为……自豪 be short of 缺乏 be shy of 不好意思 be sick of 对……厌倦 be sure of 肯定，有把握 be tired of 对……厌烦 be worthy of 只得，配得上 ※二十、20个常用“be+形容词+to”结构 be accustomed to 习惯于 be blind to 对……视而不见 be close to 靠近，接近 be cruel to 对……残酷，对……无情 be devoted to 献身，专心于 be equal to 等于，能胜任 be familiar to 为(某人)所熟悉 be harmful to 对……有危害 be important to 对……重要p; be open to 对……开放，易受到 be opposed to 反对，不赞成 be opposite to 在……对面，和……相反 be polite to 对……有礼貌 be related to 与……有关 (是亲戚) be respectful to 尊敬 be rude to 对……无礼 be similar to 与……相似 be true to 忠实于，信守 be used to 习惯于 be useful to 对……有用 二十一、16个常用“be+形容词+with”结构 ※be angry with 对(某人)生气 be bored with 对……厌烦 be busy with 忙于 be careful with 小心 be concerned with 关于，与……有关 be content with 以……为满足 be delighted with 对……感到高兴 be disappointed with 对(某人)失望 be familiar with 熟悉，精通 be honest with 对(某人)真诚 be ill with 患……病 be patient with 对(某人)有耐心 be pleased with 对……满意(高兴) be popular with 受……欢迎 be satisfied with 对……满意 be strict with 对(某人)严格 ※二十二、24个常用“in+其他词+of”结构 在……前面 in aid of 帮助 in advance of in behalf of 为了，为了……的利益 in case of 如果，万一，以防 in celebration of 庆祝 in charge of 负责，管理 in commemoration of 纪念，庆祝 in defence of 保卫 in explanation of 解释 in face of 面对 in favour of 赞成，主张 in front of 在……前面 in honor of 纪念，祝贺，欢迎 in memory of 纪念 in need of 需要 in place of 代替 in possession of 拥有 in praise of 称赞 in respect of 关于，就……而言 in search of 寻找，搜找 in sight of 看得见，在看见……的地方 in spite of 虽然，尽管 in support of 为了支持(拥护)…… in view of 鉴于，考虑到 ?注:同时注意一下相似结构: in exchange for 作为对……的交换 in preparation for 为……作准备 in return for 作为……的报答 in reward for 作为……的报酬 in addition to 加之，除……之外 in answer to 回答，响应 in contrast to [with] 与……形成对比 in opposition to 与……相反，反对 in reply to 作为对……的回答(答复) in response to 回答，响应 in [with] reference to 关于 in [with] regard to 关于 ※二十三、27个带to doing sth.的常用结构 1(动词+介词to+动名词 (1) admit to doing sth. 承认做了某事 (2) apply to doing sth. 适用于做某事 (3) object to doing sth. 反对做某事 (4) see to doing sth. 负责做 某事 (5) stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事 (6) take to doing sth. 喜欢上做某事，逐渐习惯做某事 2(动词+宾语+介词to+动名词 (1) apply oneself to doing sth. 专心致力于做某事 (2) devote sth. to doing sth. 把……献给做某事 (3) devote oneself to doing sth. 献身于做某事 (4) limit sth. to doing sth. 把……限制在做某事的范围内 (5) reduce sb. to doing sth. 使某人沦为做某事 3(动词+名词+介词to+动名词 (1) give one’s life to doing sth. 献身于做某事 (2) give one’s mind to doing sth. 专心做某事 (3) have a dislike to doing sth. 厌恶做某事 (4) have an eye to doing sth. 注意做某事 (5) have an objection to doing sth. 反对(反感)做某事 (6) pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 (7) set one’s mind to doing sth. 决心做某事 4(be+形容词+介词to+动名词 (1) be equal to doing sth. 等于做某事，能胜任做某事 (2) be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 (3) be opposed to doing sth. 反对做某事 (4) be reduced to doing sth. 使某人沦为做某事 (5) be devoted to doing sth. 把时间(钱，精力等)献给做某事 (6) be limited to doing sth. 把……限制在做某事的范围“看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day; often等连用. see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行. Eg : I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画. I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路 I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马 路. [类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.] 2.join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起” join + 组织 表示 “加入某个组织” take part in 表示 “参加/出席某个活动” 如: Will you join us? I will join the skiing club. She is planning to take part in the high jump. 3.prefer to 更喜欢 (to是介词，后接名词、V-ing形式) Eg:She prefers fish to meat. She prefers playing the piano to playing the guitar. 4.arrive in + 大地点arrive at + 小地点 get to + 地点 = reach + 地点 如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday. I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall. 注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home 5.leave… 离开…… leave for… 动身去…/离开到… 如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要离开北京. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本. 6.a few “几个;一些” 修饰可数名词 a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词 如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There is a little water in the bottle. (时间)”; 提问时间段. how often 表示 “多常; 多久一 7.how long 表示“多久 次”; 提问时间的频率. 如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. ? How long will they stay in Beijing? He plays basketball twice a week. ? How often does he play basketball? 8..be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅长于(做)某事 如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball. 9..make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某种状态 keep …sth/sb + adj. 保持 某物(某人)在某种状态 如: Playing soccer can make your body strong. Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy. 重点语法 一般将来时: (一)be going to 结构: ?表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打 算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。 如:I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. 我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。 She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。 ?表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。 如:Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain. 瞧那些乌云～快要下雨了～ (二) will + 动词原形:表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语 如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year…)等连用。will not = won’t; 缩略形式为’ll. 表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决 定。 如:a. ----Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。 ----I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 对不起。我马上就去做。 b. ----Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶, ----I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。 c. Don’t worry. I’ll help you. 别担心。我会帮你的。 表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。 m sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。 如: I’ Maybe she will go to the gym. 也许她会去体育馆。 表示许诺。如: I’ll do better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。 I’ll visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。 句式:肯定句:I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon. 否定句:I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon. 一般疑问句:Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon? 回答:Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they won’t. (三)动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事. 如: I’m coming. 我就来。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。 We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。 Topic 2 Would you mind teaching me ? 1.ill 与 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语. 如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. (作表语) He is a sick man. 他是个病人. (作定语) 2.Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好吗?” 如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 来修理它好吗? Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗? 3. one of + 名词复数 表示 “其中之一……”, 主语是one,表单数.谓语动词用单数。 如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一个队友又高又壮。 4. miss “错过,思念,遗失” 如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我错过最后一班车. He missed his mother. 他想念他的母亲. My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把钥匙弄丢了. 5. do one’s best 尽某人的最大努力 = try one’s best We do our best to finish the task. 6. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “确定做某事” 如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time. 我们确信下次一定会赢。 7. be sorry for… “为某事抱歉” be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事” 如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到抱歉. I’m sorry I lost your book. = I’m sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。 8. tired adj. “(感到)疲惫的” , 主语是人 如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了. tiring adj. “令人疲劳的”, 主语是事物 如:This job is tiring. 这份工 作令人疲惫. 类似的有: excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的 9. 15-year-old “15岁的” ” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old. 15 years old “15岁 类似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles 10. instead “替代;相反”, 一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开. instead of…“替代……;而不……,相反” 如: I won’t go to Shanghai. I’ll go to Beijing, instead. 我 不会去上海而会去北京. = I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai. I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了许多牛奶而不是水. have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “从做…….中获得乐趣” 如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。 Topic 3 Which sport will you take part in? 1. be ready for 为…准备 = prepare for We are ready for the final exam = We are preparing for the final exam Eg: 2. encourage 鼓励 (to + V ) Eg:We should encourage children to look after themselves. 3. take / do exercise 做锻炼 Eg:They often takes / does exercise in the morning. 4. group up 长大 Eg:What are you going to be when you grow up. bring up : 抚养 5. a symbol of代表 = stand for Eg:?The?Tang?costume?stands?for?Chinese?fashion?cult ure?and?the?long?history?of?China. The?Tang?costume is a symbol of Chinese?fashion?culture?and?the?long?history?of?China. 6. at least 至少 at most 至多 Eg:We need at least another two days to finish the task. There are 1000 students in this school at most. 7. fill out + 名词 “填好……” fill + 名词/代词+out 如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 请填好这张表格. Please fill it/them out. (当宾语是代词时, 只能放中间) 请把它(们)填好. 8. be afraid… “恐怕” 指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人. be afraid of… “害怕(做)……” 如: I’m afraid I won’t be free. 我恐怕没有空. He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗. They are afraid of losing the game. 他们害怕输了比赛. 9. may be “可能是……” may是情态动词 + be maybe “或许; 可能” maybe是副词 如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老师. He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字. among 在三者或三者当中 10. between 在两者之间 如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之间. The winner is among of us. 获胜者在我们当中. Unit 2 Keeping Healthy Topic 1 How are you feeling today? 1. 身体某个部位 + ache，表身体某处疼痛。 如: headache 头痛 backache 背痛 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛 2. medicine “药”(为不可数名词) pill “药片” (为可数名词) 如: take some medicine 吃些药 take some cold pills 吃些感冒药 3. with “含有…” without “没有” Eg:hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶 mooncake with eggs 含鸡蛋的月饼 Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中国清茶 Go to school without (eating) breakfast. 没吃早饭去上学。 4. well 康复 well 是副词，修饰动词。作为形容词来用时，是“身体健康” 的意思。 Eg:She dances well.( well是副词) Take care of you ，you’ll be well soon.( well是形容词) good是形容词，“好的” eg:He is a good boy. 5. You’d better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看医生 see a doctor 看医生 had better (not) do sth 最好(不)做某事 Eg:You’d better ask your teacher for help You have a fever，Let’s see a doctor. Your leg is hurt ，you’d better not move. 6. have a rest 休息一下 Eg:You look tired ,why not have a rest? 7. until “直到…为止” ; 句中动词一般为延续性动词 not …until… “直到…才…” ; 句中动词一般为短暂性动词 如: He will wait for his father until ten o’clock. 他将等他 父亲一直到10点为止. He won’t leave until his father comes . 直到他父亲来 他才离开. 8. plenty of… “充足;大量” 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可 数名词, 只用于肯定句, 相当于a lot of…/ lots of… many “许多”, 修饰可数名词 much “许多”, 修饰不可数名词 如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你应该喝大量的开水. You shouldn’t drink so much water. 你不应该喝这么多水. I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books. 我有许多水. Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking. 1. be good for… 对……有益 be bad for… 对…有害 如: Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益. Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes. 在强烈的阳光下看书对眼睛有害. 2. enough adj. “足够的” 修饰名词时, 既可放在名词之前, 也可放在名词之后.(但通常放在名词之前) 如: I have enough time/ time enough to finish this work. 我有足够的时间完成这项工作. There is enough food in the fridge. 冰箱里有足够的食物. adv. “足够地” 修饰形容词或副词时, 均放在所修饰词的后面. 如: He is tall enough to reach the apple. 他足够高,能够得着苹果. He speaks clearly enough. 他讲得足够清楚. 3. need “需要, 必需” 作实义动词: need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事 如: I need some help. 我需要一些帮助. You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看医生. He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭车. 作情态动词: need + 动词原形 如: If she wants anything, she only need ask. 她想要什么东西, 只要开口就行了. You needn’t finish this work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作. 4. too much + 不可数名词 表“太多的…” much too + 形容词 表“太…”，much 起加强语气作用 如:Don’t eat too much meat. 不要吃太多的肉。 He is much too fat. 他实在太胖了。 5. give up 放弃 Eg|:In order to keep healthy，you must give up smoking and drinking. 6. Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜有害你的健康. (V-ing短语做主语) staying up (late)熬夜 (到很晚) 6. throw about 乱扔 Eg:We shouldn’t throw litter about. 7. in public 公共的 Eg:We shouldn’t smoke in public. 8. more than 超过 less than 少于 Eg:There are more than 1000 students in that school. I do morning exercise less than three times a week. 9. must “必须, 一定” 如: We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习. must表示推测时一般用于肯定句;在疑问句和否定句中一般应用can,否定句中 也可用功ay,但may not表示“可能不”，而can’t表示“不可能”; (4)否定句中，mustn’t表示禁止，意为“不允许”。以must开头的疑问句，肯 定回答应用must，而否定回答则常用 needn’t,needn’t表示“不需要、不必”，相当于don’t have to。如: There’s someone knocking on the door. It must he Jim. 有人敲门。肯定是吉姆。 Eg -Must we keep the windows open all the time? -No, we don’t have to. / No, we needn’t. (注意回答时不能用No, we mustn’ t.) * have to “不得不,必须”, 侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而:不得不 做某事:((可用于各种时态) 如:It’s too late. I have to go now. 太迟了.现在我得走了. I had to borrow some money at that time. 那时我不得不借了一些钱. Topic 3 We should do to fight SARS? 1. hurry up 赶快 2. be on TV 上电视 He is on TV Eg: 3. go ahead 向前走 ; 着手干 Eg:Go ahead and you will find a bank. -Mr. Wang ,I want to ask you a question. -Go ahead. 4. build up 使强健 Eg:We must do as much exercise as we can to build up our bodies. 5. take care of 照顾 = look after Eg: The boy is too young to take care of himself. = The boy is too young to look after himself. 6. It’s my duty to save the patients. 挽救病人是我的职责。 It’s my duty to do sth 做…是我的责任 Eg:It’s our duty to keep the classroom clean. 7. on 通过，使用 Eg:Now，more and more students learn English on Internet. 8. Long time no see. 好久不见。 9. talk with sb. 表 “与……交流” , 指 “与人平等地交流、讨论” talk to sb. 表示 “找某人谈话” , 在口语中常 “责备某人” 如: Jim’s father is talking with the teacher. 吉姆的父亲正在和老师交谈. I will talk to him about his careless. 我要找他谈话,批评他的粗心大意. 10. teach oneself 自学 = learn by oneself Eg:His family is too poor to afford his education ,so he teach himself after school. 11. enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴 12. help sb (to) do sth = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 如: I helped my mother cook at home. = I helped my mother with the cook at home. 我在家帮 我母亲做饭. Unit3 Our Hobbies Topic 1 What hobbies did you use to have ? 1. What beautiful stamps!(Page 53)哇，那么漂亮的邮票～ what引导的感叹句 . What +a(an)，形容词，可数名词的单数形式，主语十 谓语～ (1) What a beautiful girl she is～ 她是一个多么漂亮的女孩呀～ (2). What，形容词，可数名词的复数形式，主语，谓语～ 女日: What important jobs they have done～ 他们做了多么重要的工作呀～ (3). What，形容词，不可数名词，主语，谓语～如: How sweet water it is～多甜的水呀～ how引导的感叹句 (1). How十形容词或副词，主语，谓语～如: How interesting the dog is～多么有趣的狗呀～ (2). How，形容词，a/an，可数名词的单数形式，主语，谓语～如: How useful a subject they are learning～ 他们正在学的科目多么有用呀～ . How，主语，谓语～如: (3) How time flies～时间过得真快呀～ 技巧总结:从后往前划出主语、谓语，然后看前部的中心词，名词用what ，形容词、副词用how。 2. We can learn a lot about people, places, history, and special times from stamps. (Page 53)通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代的知识。 a lot “许多、大量”，用在动词后，同very much。如: eg: She had told me a lot about how to learn English well. 另外，a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“许多、大量”，要用在名词前，在肯定句中常代替much，many。Eg:There are a lot of / lots of history books in the room.屋里有许多历史书。 There is still a lot of / lots of snow on top of the house.房上仍有许多雪。 a lot of和lots of之间没有多大区别，都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与不可数名词连用时，动词用单数，与可数名词连用时，动词用复数。见上述例句。 3. What things do you love collecting? (Page 53)你喜欢集什么东西, love + doing表示“喜欢、爱好”，也可以用like+ doing表示。如: 1)I love listening to the music.我爱好听音乐。 5.I am interested in playing sports. (Page 54)我对运动感兴趣。 be interested in (doing) sth. “对…感兴趣”如: I?am interested in reading books.我对读书特别感兴趣。 Jack is interested in football.杰克对足球很感兴趣。 6.What do you often do in your spare time? 在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊, in one’s spare time “在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”，也可用in one’s free time替换。如: eg:I shall do it in my spare time. 我会在我的业余时间做这件事。 In my free time I often go to the movies.在闲暇之际，我常去看电影。 ?7. I often go fishing. (Page 55)我经常去钓鱼。 go + doing表示“去做某事” go +v-ing结构很常用，多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。如: s go fishing next Sunday.下星期天我们去钓鱼吧。 1)Let’ 2)Are you going hiking this weekend?这个周末你打算去远足吗, 另外还有:go hunting 去打猎??go shooting 去射击??go swimming 去游泳 go bathing 去沐浴??go shopping 去购物??go climbing 去 爬山 8.And I do a lot of reading. 我通常都是阅读一些书籍。 在英语中有不少由“do + doing”的结构，表示“干某事”。如: 散步?do some walking ?? ?do a lot of walking 读书?do some?reading do a lot of reading 洗衣服?do some?washing do a lot of washing 买东西?do some shopping do a lot of shopping 清扫?do some cleaning do a lot of cleaning 9. Why not go out and do some outdoor activities? 为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢,用why not do sth 用来征求对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要有上下文，如: Why not run a little faster?为什么不跑快一点呢, 11. And I wasn’t interested in sports at all. 我对运动一点兴趣都没有。 not...at all “一点也不……”;“全然不”。如: 1)I didn’t mind it at all. 我一点也不在意。 2)—Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。—Not at all.没关系。 12. I used to know little about paintings. 我过去不太懂绘画。 little和few都含有否定的意思。表示“不多”;“很少”。little相当于not much, few相当于not many。little与不可数名词 连用, few与可数名词复数连用。如: I have little time.我的时间很少。 Few people would agree with him.没有多少人同意他。 而a little和a few含有肯定的意思，表示“一些”;“几个”(虽然少，但有一些)。如: There’s a little water in the glass.杯子里还有点儿水。 I still have a few friends in Beijing.我在北京还有几个朋友。 13. I enjoy listening to rock music. (Page 56)我喜欢听摇滚音乐。 enjoy意为“喜欢，欣赏”，含有“乐于、享受……之乐趣”之意，其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。 The Greens enjoy living in China.格林一家喜欢在中国居住。 Did you enjoy yourself in the zoo?你在动物园玩得愉快吗, Many foreigners enjoy Chinese food.很多外国人喜欢中国菜。 prefer意为“宁愿、更喜欢”，用于两者之间的选择，其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。prefer...to...表示“宁愿…，不愿…”，“喜欢…而不喜欢…”，其中to为介词，后可跟名词或动 名词。如: Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? 你比较喜欢喝茶，还是喝咖啡, I prefer walking to cycling. 我喜欢步行胜过骑单车。 My brother likes maths, but I prefer English. 我哥哥喜欢数学，而我更喜欢英语。 14. Did you use to go swimming during?summer vacations? 在暑假里，你过去经常去游泳么, …的期间、在…的时候”。如: during “在 eg The sun gives us light during the daytime.太阳在白天给我们阳光。 He called to see me during my absence.当我不在的时候他来访过我。 15(I used to do that in the pond in front of my house. ( Page 57) 我过去常在我家门前的池塘里游泳。 in front of “在……的前面”;指在物体外部的前面。而in the front of “……的前部”;指在物体 There is a tall tree in front of my house. 我家房前有一棵大树。 The driver is sitting in the front of the car.司机坐在汽车的前面。 16. When they are free, people usually do what they like. 当人们空闲的时候，他们总是做一些自己喜欢的事情。 free “有空、空闲”， be free可以替换为have time。如: eg: Are you free this evening? = Do you have time this evening? 你今天晚上有空吗, If I am free, I am going to visit the museum. = If I have time, I am going to visit the museum.如果有时间，我打算去参观博物馆。 17. such as 比如… Eg|:They also paint pictures or collect things such as coins, dolls or stamps. 他们也绘画或者收集一些东西，例如:硬币、娃娃或邮票。 eg: We study several subjects, such as Chinese, maths, English and physics. 我们学习很多的科目，比如语文、数学、英语和物理。 18. When people become old, hobbies can keep them healthy. When people are sick, hobbies can help them get well sooner. 当人们变老的时候，爱好可以帮助他们保持健康。当人们身体虚弱的时候，爱好还可以帮助他们很快地康复。 本句中become, keep, be, 与get都是系动词。系动词的基本用法是其后加形容词做表语。 三.语法学习 used to do sth. 这一结构表示过去的习惯(过去经常反复发生的动作)或状态(暗含的意思是现在已不复存在)，只有一种形式，即过去式，用于所有人称。used to的否定形式为:used not to do或didn’t use to do。疑问句为Used you to... ? 或 Did you use to...?如: eg: He used not to like Peking opera, but now he’s very fond of it. 他过去不喜欢京剧，但现在非常喜欢。 现在大多数人在口语中或不太正式的书面语中对否定句和疑问句常使用与do 连用的形式。例如: 1)I didn’t use to like skating, but now I like it very much. 我过去不喜欢滑冰，但现在很喜欢。 2)Did you use to go there?你以往常去哪儿, 3)There used to be a theatre here, didn’t there?以前这里有一座剧院，是不是, 另外，注意be used to doing sth.与used to do sth.的区别: be used to doing sth “习惯于……，适应于……”如: eg: He is used to working hard. 他习惯于努力地工作。 eg: He used to bring me roses when he came to see me. 过去他来看我时,常带玫瑰花。 be used to do sth.“某物被用来做某事”。如: eg: Computers can be used to do a lot of work now. 如今电脑可用来做许多事. 3. He doesn’t mind whether they’re good or not. 他并不介意它们是否是好的。 此句为以whether引导的宾语从句。whether...or not“不论是否…”。如: eg: You have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not. 你必须天天早点起 床，不论是否下雨。 if与whether的区别。 whether 后可紧接or not，而if一般不能。 eg: Let me know whether or not you can come. 你能来还是不能来，请告诉我一 声。 whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前，if则不能。如: eg: Whether this is true or not, I can not say. 这件事是否真实，我说不上。 不定式前用whether，不用if。如: I haven’t decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home. 介词后可用whether，不用if。如: I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.我是否回家还没有定。 Topic2 What sweet music! 1. What kind of musical instrument can you play? (Page 62)你会弹什么种类的乐 器, kind 是“种类，类型”的意思。如: a kind of 一种，all kinds of各种各样， what kind of 什么类型的。如: eg: Dumpling is a kind of Chinese food. 饺子是一种中国食品。 eg: There are all kinds of books in Beijing Library. 北京图书馆有各种各样的图 书。 eg: What kind of room would you like, a double room or a single room? 2. They are very popular among young people. (Page 64)它们在年轻人当中很流 行。 among 介词“在……当中”,“在……中间”，用于三者或三者以上;而between也 是介词“在……当中”,“在……中间”之意，则只能用于两者之间。如: eg: Tom runs fastest among the boys in his class. eg: Mary is sitting between the twins.玛丽坐在双胞胎的中间。? 8. Guo Lanying, Song Zuying and Tenger are famous for their folk songs. (Page 64) be famous for“以……而著名”, “因…而出名”。如: eg: Gui Lin is famous for the stone forests.桂林以石林而著名。 be famous as … 作为…出名 Eg: YaoMing is famous as a basketball player. 9. In the fall of 1976, a- 14-year-old high school student, Larry Mullen, looked for some musicians. look for “寻找”，强调“寻找”的过程，而find“找到”，则是强调“找到”的结果。 如: I looked for it everywhere, but I can’t find it anywhere.? 10. They continue making music. 他们继续创作音乐。 continue + to do sth./ doing sth./ n.“继续做某事”。如: eg:After having a rest ,he continued to read/writing/ a story 继续阅读/写作/一个故事 ?11. And people all over the world still enjoy their music very much. all over the world 全世界 12. His father asked a music teacher to teach him to play the piano. ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”。如: eg: I often ask my uncle to help me with my maths.我常请我叔叔帮我学数学。 还有一些其他类似的用法。如: tell sb. to do sth.?????告诉某人做某事 want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事 play the piano?“弹奏钢琴”。 在英语中，在表示弹奏、演奏乐器时，所有的乐器前面都要加定冠词the，如: play the guitar?/piano?/violin/drums 英语中表达玩球类项目时，我们通常在球类项目的名词前不加定冠词。如: play football踢足球 play basketball打篮球 play bridge cards打桥牌 play?chess下棋 13. He says violin music is his favorite and it makes him happy. make +sb+adj.结构。如: The news made us very exciting. 这个消息使我们很激 动。 Topic3 What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday? 1(I called you but nobody answered the phone. answer the phone? “接电话” answer “回答，答复”。如: eg: Have you answered his letter? 你回了他的信吗, 2 .Yeah, I think so. (Page 71)是，我也这样认为。 I think so.的否定形式一般为I don’t think so.例如: —Do you think classical music is very popular in China? 你认为古典音乐在中国很流行吗, —No, I don’t think so. 不，我认为不很流行。 3. And I also like the young man with light hair. 我也喜欢那个留着浅色头发的 年轻人。 with “有”。如: a girl with blue eyes碧眼女郎 4. I agree with you. 我同意你的意见。 agree with sb.同意某人的看法。如: I don’t agree with her. 我不同意她的意 见。 5. There’s nothing serious. 没什么严重的事。nothing serious “没事”。 注意此结构的用法。用来修饰代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等的形容词，要放在被修饰词的后面。如句中serious要放在 nothing的后面。如: eg: Would you like anything else?你还要点儿什么吗, eg: I’ll tell you something important.我要告诉你一件重要的事。 6. Well, Miss Wang was angry with me. 王老师生我的气了。 注意be angry?后所跟的介词:be angry with + sb.?生某人的 气 be angry at + sb. 对某人的言行气愤 be angry about + sth. 对某事生气 如: eg: He was angry with her for what she did.他对她所做的感到生气 eg: He was angry at being kept waiting.他因旁人使他久等而生气。 eg: He was angry about so much traffic in the street. 他对街上那么多的车辆而 气恼。? 7. In the early 1800s, Sunday was the “holy (神圣的)day”. 1800s表示19世纪， 同样的，1900s则表示20世纪。 8. spend度过;花费(时间、金钱)。结构有:spend...on sth., spend...(in)doing sth. 如: eg: He spent 5 yuan on the post card. 他买这张明信片花了5元钱。 They spent three days looking for the lost sheep on the hill. cost 的主语是物 eg:The dictionary cost me ,10. pay for 为…付款 eg: I paid ,10 for the dictionary. take 的结构为It takes sb …to do sth。 Eg:It take me a hour to finish my homework. 9. 复习过去进行时. Unit 4 Our World Topic1 Plants and animals are important to us. 1. cover 覆盖 eg:He covered the pan with a piece of paper. 2. Thousands of 成千上万的 hundreds of 成百上千 hundred / thousand 复数 + of Eg: We plant thousands of trees every year. 3. feed on 以…为主食 eg: Horse feed on grass. We live on rice. (讲人时用 live on) 4. 复习形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 Topic 2 I am sure there are no UFOs. 1. take the place of 取代 = instead of eg:Robort can take the place of humans to do most of work in the future. = Robort can do most of work instead of humans in the future. 2. mistake…for 把…弄错 eg:People often mistake some man-made objects for UFOs. 3. be late for 迟到 eg:Hurry up ,or you will be late for school. 4. wake up 叫醒 eg:Please wake me up at 6:00 tomorrow. 5. How is everything going these days? Topic 3 The builders used to live models, didn’t they? 1. order 命令 eg:The cruel emperor ordered his men to fight for him. …组成 2. be made up of … 由 eg: The Great Wall is made up of thousands of huge stones. 3. from then on 从那时起 from now on 从现在起 4. join together 连接在一起 Eg:Joining the short ropes together，you’ll get a longer one. 5. 复习反意疑问句 人教版初一英语(下)Unit 2总结 一、重点单词: library , libraries (复数) clean , dirty (反义词) begin , beginning (名词) restaurant supermarket 二、重点短语: 1、介词类: across from 在……对面 next to 紧靠……的旁边，贴近 between … ( and …) 介于(…和…)之间 in front of 在……前面 behind 在……后面 in the neighborhood 在附近 near here 在这附近 around here 在这附近 on the left / right 在左 / 右边 on your left / right 在你的左 / 右边 on a busy street 在一条繁忙的街道上 2、动词类: go straight 径直地走 go down … 沿…(街)走 go / walk through … 穿过，通过 have fun 玩得开心 take a walk 散步 take a taxi 乘出租车，打的 turn left / right 左 / 右转 welcome to … 欢迎到…… play the guitar 弹吉他 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 have a good trip 拥有愉快的旅行(旅途愉快) 3、名词类: post office 邮局 pay phone 投币式公用电话 the way to … 到…的路 a quiet street 一条安静的街道 a busy street 一条繁忙的街道 an old hotel 一所破旧的 / 年代久远的宾馆 the beginning of …的开始 a house with a garden 一座有花园的房子 a good place to have fun 一个玩得开心的好地方 三、重点句子: Is there a bank near here / in the neighborhood ? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. 附近有银行吗,是的，有。 / 不，没有。 There is a bank near here. 附近有一家银行。Where is the bank ? It’s between … and …在…和…之间。 Go straight and turn left. 直走然后左转。 Go down Center Street. 沿中央大街走。 Turn left on First Avenue. 在第一大街左转。 Turn left at New Park. 在新公园左转。 四、3a复述: (一定要根据图进行复述。) 银行在哪, 初中英语定语从句典型错误分析 1. She used to help my brother, who was very kind of her. 【改】将who改为which。 【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把my brother错当成了先行词。关系代词which指代的先行词是整个主句，它引导非限定性定语从句。 2. Do you still remember the day when we spent together in China last year? 【改】将when改为that / which或将when删除。 【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是没有弄清关系代词与关系副词的用法区别。不能因为先行词表示时间就一定用关系副词when, 而要学会准确把握句子的结构，正确分析句子的成分。例句中定语从句要用关系代词引导，并在定语从句中作spent的宾语。 3. The way which you look at problems is wrong. 【改】在which前加in或者将which改为that，也可将which删除。 【析】当先行词是the way时，定语从句常用that / in which引导，that / in which也可省略。 4. We were interested in the things and people whom we saw during the trip. 【改】将whom改为that。 【析】当先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句用关系代词that引导，that作宾语 时可省略。 5. It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out. 【改】将where改为that。 【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把强调句型与定语从句混为一谈了。例句为强 调句型，强调的是地点状语in the kitchen。 6. Is this factory that you have been working in since your graduation? 【改】在that前加the one。 【析】犯这类错误的原因是把this factory错看作是定语从句的先行词了。解答 这类题时，我们不妨先将疑问语序改为陈述语序。this factory是主句的主语，故 应添加the one作定语从句的先行词。当然，在factory前加the也可以，那么this 是主语，the factory是表语。 7. He is such a lazy man as no one wants to work with him. 【改】将him删除或将as改为that。 【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把such ... as ...和such ... that ...两个句型混淆了。 8. There are many books in the library, most of which is in Chinese. 【改】将is改为are。 【析】关系代词作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持 一致。例句中关系代词which指代的是先行词books，故从句谓语动词应用复数 形式。 9. I am terribly sorry for having broken the MP4 I borrowed it from you the other day. 【改】去掉it。 【析】定语从句中的关系代词在从句中充当一定的成分，因此从句中不能再出 现与关系代词指代相同的代词或名词，以避免重复。例句中it与省略了的关系代 词that/which重复，应去掉。 10. We will do all what we can to help you out. 【改】改what为that或将what删除。 【析】先行词为指物的不定代词时，定语从句用that来引导，that在从句中作 宾语时可省略，而what不能引导定语从句。 11. He is our English teacher, without his help I couldn’t have made such rapid progress. 【改】将his改为whose。 【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是没有弄清句子结构。这是一个主从复合句，逗 号前面是主句，逗号后面是“介词 + 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。 12. The scientist has made another discovery, that I believe is of great importance. 【改】将that改为which。 【析】that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 13. There’s somebody that wants you on the telephone. 【改】that改为who或去掉that。 【析】先行词是-body，-one构成的复合代词时，关系代词用who (whom)不用 that。口语中在It be / there be / here be后面的关系代词可省略。 14. John, who greeted me is my teacher, that is deeply respected by all. 【改】me之后加逗号;that改为who。 【析】第一个who引导的是非限制性定语从句。从句位于句中时，两头须用逗 号与主句隔开。第二个who引导的也是一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词在指 人时须用who(whom)，在指物时须用which，不能用that。 15. Do you know the reason why do many people like Zhang Yimou’s films? 【改】去掉why之后的do。 【析】定语从句须用陈述句语序。关系副词why在从句中作原因状语，其先行 词是表示原因的reason。 16. Which is known to all, Mount Emei is one of the famous mountains of China. 【改】Which改为As。 【析】which, as都可作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，表示 整个主句的内容，并在从句中作主语、宾语。这种从句放在主句的后边时，which, as均可引导;放在主句的前边时，一般用as引导。 17. Who are the persons who are sitting on the travel bags and which is the bag which belongs to me? 【改】将句中第二who和第二个which都改为that。 【析】当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为了避免重复，定语从 句要用that引导而不用who (whom)和which引导。 18. The woman who you spoke is an actress. 【改】在spoke之后加to。 【析】关系代词who在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词须后置。如果介词to前置，who得变为whom。 19. The number of people lost homes reached as many as 250,000 in the earthquake and the fires in San Francisco in 1906. 【改】在people之后加关系代词who / that。 【析】关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略。