阅读理解答案

阅读理解一、阅读理解（共16小；共32.0分）ABritishHumorIsittruethattheBritishlaughatdifferentthingsfrompeopleinothercountries?Let'shavealookatwhatwelaughatinBritain.TotheBritish,thepowerfulandimportantareoftenfiguresoffun.It'snotjustpoliticians(政治家)whomakeuslaughquietly,butanyonewhosejobitistotellotherpeoplewhattodoandwhotakethemselvestooseriously.Wegiggleatauthority(权威),butalso,kindlywithanyonewhoistreatedunfairly.Weknowtheycan'twin,butiftheydososometimes,it'sevenfunnier.Ourclownsareoftensillypeopledoingsillythings,whileinAmerica,theyareoftencleverpeopledoingcleverthings—andwinning.TheBritishlaughwhenotherpeoplemightfeelveryworried.PeoplesaythattheBritisharecoldandunwillingtoshowtheirfeelingsandthisisexpressedinourhumor.Idon'treallythinkthat'struebutIknowthatwedohaveastrongsenseofirony(反讽).“Notverypleasant”,wesayaftersometerribleexperience.Alongwiththis,isourloveofunderstatement(轻描淡写).“It'sabitwindytoday”wemightsayinthemiddleofatyphoon,or“There'saslightproblem”whensomethinghasgoneveryseriouslywrong.ABritishcomedianwilloftenbeginbysaying“Haveyouevernoticed…?”Wefindhumorinordinary,boringlife,especiallyitsnegativeaspects.Aswellasthis,wefinditamusingtotelljokesaboutthingsthathavegonewrongforus,ratherthannotmentioningthemincasewelookstupid.Ourfunnystoriesmightstartwith“I'msuchanidiot,Ididsomethingreallystupidyesterday”.Anotherthingthatcanmakeitdifficulttounderstand“Britishhumor”isthatwedon'talwayslaughorevensmilewhenwesaysomethingfunny.Weoften“keepastraightface”evenwhenwe'remakingajoke.So,istheBritishsenseofhumorunique?Well,probablynot.ItisthecombinationofallthesefeaturesthatmaketheBritishlaughandmakesomanyotherpeopleask“Whyisthatfunny?”1.WhichofthefollowingistheBritishhumor? A.TheBritishlaughatthemselves B.TheBritishlaughatthingsthatarerude C.TheBritishlaughwhentheymeetboringpeople D.TheBritishlaughwhentheythinkthingsarefunny2.Theunderlinedphrase“keepastraightface”meanstheBritish . A.lookconfusedB.stoplaughing C.makeafaceD.seemexpressionless3.Thewriterthinks . A.theBritishpoliticiansarefunnypeople B.theBritishsometimeslaughwhenothersmightcry C.theBritishliketotelljokesinpleasantsituations D.theBritishhumoriseasyforotherpeopletounderstandBWildanimalsareourfriends,butmanyofthemaregettingfewerandfewer.Weshouldtrytoprotectthem.Thefouranimalsbelowarenowindanger.TibetanAntelopesTibetanantelopes(藏羚羊)aremedium-sizedanimals.Theymainlyfeedongrass.Theyareusuallyfoundingroupsofabout20.Theyarekilledfortheirwool,whichiswarm,softandfineandcanbemadeintoexpensiveclothes.Althoughpeoplecangetthewoolwithoutkillingtheanimals,peoplesimplykillthembeforetakingthewool.Thenumberofthemisdroppingyearbyyear.Therearelessthan75,000Tibetanantelopesleftintheworld,downfromamillion50yearsago.GoldenMonkeysGoldenmonkeysaremainlyfoundinSichuan,Gansu,ShanxiprovincesandShengnongjiamountainousareaofHubeiProvince.Goldenmonkeyshavegolden-orangefur.Theymovearoundinthedaytime,usuallyingroupsofasmanyas100to200heads,or20to30heads.Theyfeedonfruitsandyoungleavesofbamboos.Butpeoplearedestroyingtheenvironmentwheretheylive.Treesandbamboosaredisappearing,sogoldenmonkeyshavelessandlesstoeat.ElephantsElephantsareverybigandstrong.Theyarebiggerthananyotheranimalsonland.Theyaregreyandhavelongtrunksandtusks.Theyhavepooreyesight,butverygoodhearingandsmell.Theycanliftheavythingsandbreakdownbrancheswiththeirtrunks.Elephantsareveryfriendlytowardseachotherandtowardstheirneighbours.Normally,theyliveinagroupformanyyears.Youngmaleelephantsdonotleavethegroupuntiltheyareabout12yearsold.Now,thereareveryfewelephantsintheworld.Thenumberofthemisbecomingsmallerandsmallerbecausetheirlivingareasareusedforfarming.Also,peoplehuntthemfortheirtusks.WolvesWolvesarenotverybig.Theyhavegreyfur.Wolveshaveverygoodeyesight,hearingandsmell.Wolves'foodisvarious.Theyeatanimals,insectsandsnails.Theyarefriendlytoeachotherandneverattackpeople.Theydonotkillforfun.Wolvesareindanger,too.Theyarelosingtheirlivingareasbecausepeoplecutdownforests.Soontheywillhavenohomeorfood.4.Tibetanantelopesusuallyliveingroupsofabout . A.20B.30C.100D.2005.Whichofthefollowinganimalsarethebiggestonland? A.Tibetanantelopes.B.Goldenmonkeys. C.Elephants.D.Wolves6.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisright? A.Therearelessthan7,500Tibetanantelopesleftintheworldnow. B.Goldenmonkeysusuallymovearoundduringthenight. C.Elephantshavegoodeyesight,butverypoorhearingandsmell. D.Wolvesarefriendlytoeachotherandtheyneverattackpeople.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage? A.WildAnimalsInDangerB.HowToHuntWildAnimals C.AnimalsInThezooD.HowToTrainTheAnimalsCHaveyouseenAvatar(《阿凡达》)?It'sapopularmoviethisyear.Itisthree-dimensional(3D),soyoumayhavetowearaspecialpairofglassestoseeit.The3Dglassesmaketheimages(图像)fromthemovielookliketheyarecomingstraightatyou.Moreandmore3Dmoviesarecomingtotheaters.Somesaythat3DTVsetswillcomeintoourhomesinthenearfuture.Three-dimensionaltechnologycanmakeTVandmoviesmoreexciting.Butpeoplewitheyeproblemsmaygetheadachesiftheyspendtoomuchtimewatching3Dmovies.Why?Whenwelookatanobject,eacheyeseesitatadifferentangle(角度).Oureyessendthetwoimagestoourbrain,andthebrainputsthemtogether.That'showweseedepth.Three-dimensionaltechnologyusestwofilmprojectors(投影机).Oneprojectsalefteyeimageandtheotherprojectsarighteyeimage.3Dglassesallowustoseeadifferentimageineacheye.Therearealotofpeoplewalkingaroundwithverysmalleyeproblems,forexampleaneyemuscleimbalance.Undernormalsituations,thebraincangetusedtotheireyessotheycanseethingsnormally.Butwhentheyarewatchinga3Dmovie,theimagesprojectedtotheireyescan'tbeputtogetherbytheirbrain.Sothebrainneedstoworkharderat“reading”theimages.Thatmakesiteasierforthesepeopletogetdizzyordevelopheadaches.DrJohnHagan,aneyedoctorinKansasCity,saidsomepeoplewhodonotseedepthnormallycannotseein3Datall.Hesaidpeoplewhoseeyescan'tfocuson(聚焦)thesameobjectatoncewillhavetroubleseeing3Dimages.8.Whenwewearapairof3Dglasses, . A.ourbrainwillgetadifferentimagefromeacheye B.ourbrainwillputthedifferentobjectstogether C.oureyeswillfocusonthesameobjecteasily D.oureyeswillseeanobjectatthesameangle9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“normalsituations”mean? A.Whenpeopleseethingsnormally B.Whenpeoplehavenoeyeproblems C.Whenpeopledon'thaveaheadache D.Whenpeoplearen'tseeinga3Dmovie10.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthispassage? A.Seeing3Dmoviescanbringuseyeproblems B.Notallthepeoplecanwatch3Dimages C.The3Dglassesmakethemovieseemalive D.The3DmovieswillbeverypopularsoonDIfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven'tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomecleverersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles(肌肉).AteamledbyDr.AndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof"earlybilinguals"whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scans(扫描)showedthatgreymatterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifference."Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructure(结构)ofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage,"saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasetheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVauhanJonesoftheUniversityofWaleshasresearchedthelinkbetweenthebilingualismandmathsskills."Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible(灵活的),"hesaid."Youaregoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas."ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesoftwoand34.Reading,writing,andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter."Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld,"explainedthescientists.11.Whatdoesthewritertalkaboutinthepassage? A.Usefulmethodsmustbeusedinlanguagelearning. B.Weshouldkeeplearningasecondlanguageabroad. C.Languagecanhelpuscommunicatewitheachother. D.Secondlanguagelearningcanimproveourmind.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"greymatter"referto? A.Thememoryofthebrain.B.Ourbodylanguage. C.Acertainpartofthebrain.D.Akindofdarkcolor.13.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage? A.Learningasecondlanguagecanhelpusfindagoodjobquickly. B.Dr.Mechellimadetheexperimentamongthreedifferentgroups. C.Learningasecondlanguageisthesameasstudyingothersubjects. D.Theearlierwelearnasecondlanguage,themoremoneywepay.EWhentheearthquakehitJapanonMarch11,workersinasupermarketinJapandidn'trunawaywhentheyfelttheshaking.Instead,theyheldontotheshelvesandtriedtostopthegoodsfromfallingdown.ReportersfromNHK,thecountry'slargestTVstation,stayedcalminfrontofcamerasduringtheearthquake,eventhoughsomewerefacingrealdanger.TheearthquakewasthemostpowerfulonetohitJapaninthecountry'shistory.ButJapan'sreaction(反应)totheaccidenthasshownthatitisthemostearthquake-perparedcountryintheworld.ThecalmthatJapaneseshowedduringandafterthequakehasimpressedtheworld.ThisisbecauseJapanhas“anearthquakeculture”.Japanesepeoplearetaughthowtoprepareforandreacttoearthquakefromayoungage.OnewaykidslearnaboutearthquakesafetyisfromthecartooncharacterMaruko,a9-year-oldstudent.Inanepisode(片段)fromChibiMaruko-Chan《樱桃小丸子,Marukohastowearaprotective(防护)hatinanearthquakepractice.SchoolinJapanorganizeearthquakepracticeseverymonth.Theymakestudentsbecomefamiliarwithbeinginanearthquake.Japanalsohasagoodearthquakewarning(警告)system.Warningswerebroadcastontelevision,radioandcellphoneseightsecondsafterexpertsfirstknewaboutthequakeonMarch11.Thewarningsystemisunabletopredictanearthquake,butitcanusuallyalert(提醒)peopleabout15secondsbeforetheyfeeltheeffects.Even15or20secondscanbeenoughtosavepeople'slives.14.WhenthebigearthquaketookplaceinJapanonMarch11, . A.peoplefledthecountryatonce B.peopleweretooscaredtomove C.peoplegotoutofthebuildingsatonce D.peoplestayedcalm15.Whichofthefollowingistrue? A.EarthquakepracticesinJapanareverycommon B.Japanesepeoplelearnaboutearthquakesafetyonlyfromtheschools C.Japanhasawarningsystemthatcanpredictearthquakes D.FewpeoplewerehurtonMarch1116.Thestorymainlytellsusthat . A.theearthquakescannotbepredicted B.Japan'searthquakeculture C.howterribletheearthquakeis D.Japanesepeopleareverybrave答案一、阅读理解1.A2.D3.B4.A5.C6.D7.A8.A9.D10.B11.D12.C13.B14.D15.A16.B