汗液的形成和排出

汗液的形成和排出 分析 本章是在学生学习了人体的营养、呼吸、物质的运输之后，针对人体内废物如何排出而安排的，是直接参与新陈代谢四部分之一，本节是本章教学的重点，也是一个难点，与前面所学知识联系紧密，因此解决好汗液的形成和排出，有利于将前面所学的知识贯穿起来，并为以后的学习奠定基础。 教学方法 1、教 法 : 本堂课遵循“教为主导，学为主体”的教育思想，将其贯穿于教学的三个阶段(课前、课堂、课后)。皮肤的结构是本节的重点，先通过课件整体感知，然后分段对比，引导推测，使学生理解区分皮和真皮，从而突破本节课的难点。在教学中创设问题情境，引导学生思考一系列问题，逐步把学生对知识的理解引向深入，同时培养学生的观察、比较、分析、推测和总结能力。 2、学 法: 可以采用观察归纳、讨论探究，分析比较、综合运用等方法，发挥学习的主体作用，主动参与到学习中去。教会学生从资料、图像和动画过程中捕捉信息，充分利用自身的观察能力和发散性思维能力，运用已有知识来获取新知识。 教学目标 1:知识目标(1)说出皮肤的结构和功能。 rAt present, we have formed a "three-three" Park. …… Industrial Park, according to ... ... The instructions of comrade, focus on development needs in the next decade, based on the original, and then extended the 6 square kilometers. Of the Park, to further improve the roads, power supply, communications, water supply and drainage and sewage pipe network and other infrastructure, to achieve full coverage of infrastructure and interconnection with the facilities and raise capacity. Each park to determine 1 leading industries, in particular stone Materials, cans, gloves, through guided, force and other measures to promote the "road company" Park, industrial agglomeration. Currently, to focus on building better ... ... Industrial Park, ... ... Wood Park as the starting area of the industrial park, planners need to take out plan, start construction as soon as possible, undertake in a timely manner ... ... Transfer of the wood industry. This opportunity slip by, so the timing must be tight. Second is to optimize government service. Low efficiency of government services, departments do not coordinate the views of businesses large, poor business environment, it is ... ... Short Board, decide to change. We will continue to deepen reform of the administrative examination and approval system, good digestion, implement the Government canceled, adjustment and devolution of administrative examination and approval matters, strengthen the existing supervision in matters of administrative power, has made it clear to cancel, are not allowed to keep or disguised approval. To do list list of administrative powers and responsibilities (2)说明汗液的形成和排出，以及对人体的意义。 (3)确立器官的结构与功能相统一的观点。 2:能力目标:注重引导用学过的知识分析解决实际问题的能力，树立生物体的结构与功能相适应的观点。 3:情感目标:注重生活中要讲卫生，常洗澡、勤换衣，让皮肤保持清洁。加强小组交流互助意识。 教学重点、难点: 重点:(1)皮肤的结构和功能。 (2)汗液的形成和排出。 难点:用学过的知识分析解决实际问题的能力，树立生物体的结构与功能相适应的观点 教学准备: 教师准备:1、制作课件，制作学案 2、对学生进行分组 教学过程 教师活动 学生活动 意图 新课导入:由学 与实际生活相生身边熟悉的体育课联，激发学生的求知导入 欲望 让学生思考:描学生举例 写皮肤的词语有哪些 由此引入皮 肤结构的学习 请同学们预习 培养学生的自学一、皮肤的结构，思 能力 rAt present, we have formed a "three-three" Park. …… Industrial Park, according to ... ... The instructions of comrade, focus on development needs in the next decade, based on the original, and then extended the 6 square kilometers. Of the Park, to further improve the roads, power supply, communications, water supply and drainage and sewage pipe network and other infrastructure, to achieve full coverage of infrastructure and interconnection with the facilities and raise capacity. Each park to determine 1 leading industries, in particular stone Materials, cans, gloves, through guided, force and other measures to promote the "road company" Park, industrial agglomeration. Currently, to focus on building better ... ... Industrial Park, ... ... Wood Park as the starting area of the industrial park, planners need to take out plan, start construction as soon as possible, undertake in a timely manner ... ... Transfer of the wood industry. This opportunity slip by, so the timing must be tight. Second is to optimize government service. Low efficiency of government services, departments do not coordinate the views of businesses large, poor business environment, it is ... ... Short Board, decide to change. We will continue to deepen reform of the administrative examination and approval system, good digestion, implement the Government canceled, adjustment and devolution of administrative examination and approval matters, strengthen the existing supervision in matters of administrative power, has made it clear to cancel, are not allowed to keep or disguised approval. To do list list of administrative powers and responsibilities 考: 学生自学，思考 皮肤由哪几部分 组成,各部分有什么 特点, 请同学们看屏幕 上的图片，注意观察: 学生观看图 皮肤由哪几部分组片，注意带着问题听 激发兴趣与学习成,各部分有什么特知识结合 点, 课件题目，请同学生思考 培养学生的读图学们结合插图思考问 能力、观察能力 题 教师引导学生依学生回答 次回答问题 展示皮肤各结构 的闪烁图，让学生仔学生据图逐一说 细观察并回答 出各部分的名称 通过生活中的现 分小组讨论可以象了解皮肤的特点和 培养学生的合作能力 功能，出示这3个与 生活有关的问题:让小组讨论 学生分小组讨论 由生活中常见的 教师引导各小组 现象入手，把枯燥的依次展示小组讨论的 知识形象化、具体化，结果: 易于学生接受，同时 请看大屏幕 把困难的知识化整为 第1小组先回答 学生回答第1题 零。 1)为什么当物体是否伤到真皮 划伤后，有的伤口流 血，有的伤口不会流表皮和真皮 血呢, 表皮分角质层和由皮肤各结构的 再引导他们说出生发层真皮中有丰富特点推测皮肤的功皮肤的组成及各部分的毛细血管 能，锻炼了学生的分的特点, 析能力，形成体生物 鼓励同学们积极 结构与功能相统一的rAt present, we have formed a "three-three" Park. …… Industrial Park, according to ... ... The instructions of comrade, focus on development needs in the next decade, based on the original, and then extended the 6 square kilometers. Of the Park, to further improve the roads, power supply, communications, water supply and drainage and sewage pipe network and other infrastructure, to achieve full coverage of infrastructure and interconnection with the facilities and raise capacity. Each park to determine 1 leading industries, in particular stone Materials, cans, gloves, through guided, force and other measures to promote the "road company" Park, industrial agglomeration. Currently, to focus on building better ... ... Industrial Park, ... ... Wood Park as the starting area of the industrial park, planners need to take out plan, start construction as soon as possible, undertake in a timely manner ... ... Transfer of the wood industry. This opportunity slip by, so the timing must be tight. Second is to optimize government service. Low efficiency of government services, departments do not coordinate the views of businesses large, poor business environment, it is ... ... Short Board, decide to change. We will continue to deepen reform of the administrative examination and approval system, good digestion, implement the Government canceled, adjustment and devolution of administrative examination and approval matters, strengthen the existing supervision in matters of administrative power, has made it clear to cancel, are not allowed to keep or disguised approval. To do list list of administrative powers and responsibilities 回答问题 观点。 请学生回答第2 题: 头皮屑使角质层 脱落的 这些同学回答非没有变薄是因为 常积极，下面的这一生发层细胞能分裂产 小组我们也不能落后生新细胞 第1题与皮肤结啊 构有关，2题与生发层 请看第3题 有关 2)为什么有黑、 3题与黑色素细白、黄等不同肤色的学生回答，其他胞有关 人, 小组补充 并且结合生活现 参照72页“相关 象推测皮肤的功能 链接” 由此推测出黑色保护功能 素细胞的功能:能吸 收阳光中的紫外线， 避免杀伤人的内部器 官，因此皮肤具有什 么功能 汗腺能分泌汗 液，那么汗液是怎样 形成的,接下来我们 学习第二个问题汗液 的形成和排出 人体约有230万 个汗腺，分布于全身 各处。同学们请找出一生上台指出汗进一步明确汗腺它的位置:并且结合腺位置并描述 的位置起到巩固与练图说一说它的组成部 习的作用，培养学生分 的语言表达能力 请大家再仔细观回答:丰富的毛 察，:汗腺的周围有细血管 什么, 生答: 有 这种结构特点与 汗液的形成有关系 吗, rAt present, we have formed a "three-three" Park. …… Industrial Park, according to ... ... The instructions of comrade, focus on development needs in the next decade, based on the original, and then extended the 6 square kilometers. Of the Park, to further improve the roads, power supply, communications, water supply and drainage and sewage pipe network and other infrastructure, to achieve full coverage of infrastructure and interconnection with the facilities and raise capacity. Each park to determine 1 leading industries, in particular stone Materials, cans, gloves, through guided, force and other measures to promote the "road company" Park, industrial agglomeration. Currently, to focus on building better ... ... Industrial Park, ... ... Wood Park as the starting area of the industrial park, planners need to take out plan, start construction as soon as possible, undertake in a timely manner ... ... Transfer of the wood industry. This opportunity slip by, so the timing must be tight. Second is to optimize government service. Low efficiency of government services, departments do not coordinate the views of businesses large, poor business environment, it is ... ... Short Board, decide to change. We will continue to deepen reform of the administrative examination and approval system, good digestion, implement the Government canceled, adjustment and devolution of administrative examination and approval matters, strengthen the existing supervision in matters of administrative power, has made it clear to cancel, are not allowed to keep or disguised approval. To do list list of administrative powers and responsibilities 播放视频:汗液学生观看视频 通过观看视频，的形成 了解汗液的形成更直 回答两个问题: 观，是抽象的知识形汗液是怎样形成的; 象化 汗液的成分。 学生回答 请同学们描述出 “温故而知新”汗液的形成过程 注重知识的连贯性 汗液是通过什么 排出的 汗液的主要成分 有哪些 回顾旧知:人体 创设问题情境，排出的废物包括水、 从学生的实际感受入无机盐、尿素 手，并设计让学 因此皮肤具有排学生阅读，并思生比较，理解皮肤调泄功能 考 节体温的作用 同学们再想作出回答 一想: 为什么我们夏天 出汗多，而冬天出汗 少呢, 学生回答 请看大屏幕:温 度影响汗腺分泌的比 较表，阅读72页文字多生回答，补充 填出空白部分 当我们出汗以后 会感到很凉爽，这是 因为汗液蒸发会带走 一部分热量，这说明 皮肤有什么功能呢, 请来总结皮肤的 功能 畅所欲言:皮肤学生说自己在这要让学生知道做的卫生保健 方面是怎样做的 好皮肤的卫生保健很 多生回答 重要，保护好自己的 皮肤 小结:我来总结 学生回答自己学巩固小结 rAt present, we have formed a "three-three" Park. …… Industrial Park, according to ... ... The instructions of comrade, focus on development needs in the next decade, based on the original, and then extended the 6 square kilometers. Of the Park, to further improve the roads, power supply, communications, water supply and drainage and sewage pipe network and other infrastructure, to achieve full coverage of infrastructure and interconnection with the facilities and raise capacity. Each park to determine 1 leading industries, in particular stone Materials, cans, gloves, through guided, force and other measures to promote the "road company" Park, industrial agglomeration. Currently, to focus on building better ... ... Industrial Park, ... ... Wood Park as the starting area of the industrial park, planners need to take out plan, start construction as soon as possible, undertake in a timely manner ... ... Transfer of the wood industry. This opportunity slip by, so the timing must be tight. Second is to optimize government service. Low efficiency of government services, departments do not coordinate the views of businesses large, poor business environment, it is ... ... Short Board, decide to change. We will continue to deepen reform of the administrative examination and approval system, good digestion, implement the Government canceled, adjustment and devolution of administrative examination and approval matters, strengthen the existing supervision in matters of administrative power, has made it clear to cancel, are not allowed to keep or disguised approval. To do list list of administrative powers and responsibilities 让学生检测自己到了哪些知识 练习巩固 学到的知识 学生练习 理论联系实际， 生活链接 做出解答 注重学以致用 布置作业:课后 议一议 教学反思 1(收获 收获之一:将我在师大所学的课件制作用于教学实践中，由此我制作了一系列的教学课件，如肺内的气体交换、尿的形成等，收益匪浅，颇有成就感。 收获之二:对新课标的认识更上一层楼。例如在教学中如何体现学生的主体性、如何让学生思维活跃起来、如何引导学生积极有效地活动等。 2(困惑:我认为进行教学设计的目的是本着培养学生的各方面的能力的，然而若要真正落实下去，一堂课的时间会被安排得满满当当，我们将无暇顾及后的练习，即使有的课时间充裕，但也无法顾及大容量的生物基础训练上的题目。然而为了应付会考，我们教师不得不占用那可怜的有限的课时，战胜本应属于学生进行活动的时间，要知道我们的教师几乎是在马不停蹄地赶呀、追呀，喘不得一口气。我深深地感到落实素质教育可真难呀，我们教师将任重而道远，但我无愿无悔，因为我热爱教育～ rAt present, we have formed a "three-three" Park. …… Industrial Park, according to ... ... The instructions of comrade, focus on development needs in the next decade, based on the original, and then extended the 6 square kilometers. Of the Park, to further improve the roads, power supply, communications, water supply and drainage and sewage pipe network and other infrastructure, to achieve full coverage of infrastructure and interconnection with the facilities and raise capacity. Each park to determine 1 leading industries, in particular stone Materials, cans, gloves, through guided, force and other measures to promote the "road company" Park, industrial agglomeration. Currently, to focus on building better ... ... Industrial Park, ... ... Wood Park as the starting area of the industrial park, planners need to take out plan, start construction as soon as possible, undertake in a timely manner ... ... Transfer of the wood industry. This opportunity slip by, so the timing must be tight. Second is to optimize government service. Low efficiency of government services, departments do not coordinate the views of businesses large, poor business environment, it is ... ... Short Board, decide to change. We will continue to deepen reform of the administrative examination and approval system, good digestion, implement the Government canceled, adjustment and devolution of administrative examination and approval matters, strengthen the existing supervision in matters of administrative power, has made it clear to cancel, are not allowed to keep or disguised approval. To do list list of administrative powers and responsibilities