流产后再次怀孕是否需要等待一段时间？

This is the VOA Special English Health Report. 这里是美国之音慢速健康报道。 A miscarriage is the natural loss of a baby before the twentieth week of pregnancy. Experts say many pregnancies end before a woman even knows she was pregnant. Up to twenty percent of known pregnancies end in a miscarriage. 流产是指怀孕20年周前自然失去婴儿。专家称，很多妊娠过程甚至在女性知道自己怀孕前就终止了。多达20%的已知妊娠以流产结束。 Miscarriages are generally caused by genetic problems with the baby that prevent it from developing. But whatever the cause, the loss of a pregnancy can be heartbreaking. And sometimes the advice that women receive after a miscarriage can also be heartbreaking. 流产一般由妨碍婴儿继续发育的遗传问题引起。但不管是什么原因，流产总是让人伤心的。有时女性流产后得到的建议也是令人伤心的。 Some women are told to wait before they try to get pregnant again. A two thousand five report from the World Health Organization advised waiting at least six months. Some doctors advise women to wait even longer. 一些女性被告知在试图再次怀孕前需要等待一段时间。世界卫生组织2005年发布的一份报告建议等待至少六个月。一些医生甚至建议女性等待更长时间。 But a Scottish study published in twenty-ten found no need to delay. Researchers from the University of Aberdeen examined the medical records of thirty thousand women. The women visited Scottish hospitals between nineteen eighty-one and two thousand. They had miscarriages in their first known pregnancies and became pregnant again. 但发于2010年的一项苏格兰的研究发现无需等待。阿伯丁大学的研究人员审查了3万名女性的医疗。这些女性在1981年到2000年期间到苏格兰医院就诊过。她们在自己首次已知怀孕时流产了，然后又再次怀孕。 The study found that eighty-five percent of women who waited less than six months to get pregnant had live births. That compared to seventy-three percent of women who waited more than two years. 这项研究发现，85%等待少于六个月怀孕的女性成功产下新生儿。与此相比，只有73%的等待超过2年怀孕的女性成功产下新生儿。 Those who quickly became pregnant again were less likely to have a dangerous pregnancy form in their fallopian tubes. They were less likely to lose their fetus after twenty weeks, known as a stillbirth. They were also less likely to give birth by caesarean section. And they had fewer preterm births and fewer babies with low birth weight. 这些迅速怀上的女性发生危险的输暖管怀孕（即宫外怀孕）的可能性更小，她们发生死产，即20周后失去胎儿的可能性更小。她们破腹产可能性也更小。同时她们也更少早产，生下的婴儿也更少会出现出生体重不足。 The study found that about forty percent of women became pregnant again within six months. Twenty-five percent got pregnant within six to twelve months. 研究发现，40%的女性在六个月内再次怀上孕。25%的女性在6到12个月内怀上孕。 The women who quickly became pregnant again after a miscarriage were more likely to be older. Older women might be less likely to delay because they know there are more risks with pregnancy the older they get. 流产后迅速再次怀孕的更多是年龄较大的女性。年龄较大的女性可能更少推迟是因为知道她们越老怀孕越危险。 The twenty-ten report appeared in the BMJ, the British Medical Journal. The researchers pointed out that their results were limited to Scottish records and could not be generalized to all women. For example, women in developing countries start having children at an earlier age than females in Western countries. 这份2010年的报告发表在《英国医学期刊》上。研究人员指出，他们的研究结果仅限于苏格兰的医疗记录，不能推广到所有女性。例如，发展中国家的女性开始生孩子的年龄比西方国家女性更早。