专四大四选词填空练习题

针对选词填空的解分为三步：1.预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记；2.精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性；3.把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。1.[A]changes[B]flexible[C]decrease[D]recent[E]push[F]reduce[G]relatively[H]safety[I]resistant[J]expensive[K]force[L]accordingly[M]intensity[N]security[O]opposedAftertheviolentearthquakethatshookLosAngelesin1994,earthquakescientistshadgoodnewstoreport:Thedamageanddeathtoll(死亡人数)couldhavebeenmuchworse.Morethan60peoplediedinthisearthquake.Bycomparison,andearthquakeofsimilar__1__thatshookAmericain1998claimed25,000victims.Injuriesanddeathswere__2__lessinLosAngelesbecausethequakeoccurredat4:31a.m.Onaholiday,whentrafficwaslightonthecity'shighway.Inaddition,__3__madetotheconstructioncodesinLosAngelesduringthelast20yearshavestrengthenedthecity'sbuildingsandhighways,makingthemmore__4__toquakes.Inthepast,makingstructuresquake-resist-antmeantfirmyet__5__materials,suchassteelandwood,thatbendwithoutbreaking.Later,peopletriedtoliftabuildingoffitsfoundation,andinsertrubberandsteelbetweenthebuildinganditsfoundationto__6__theimpactofgroundvibrations.Themost__7__designsgivebuildingsbrainsaswellasconcreteandsteelsupports,calledsmartbuildings,thestructuresrespondlikelivingorganismstoanearthquake'svibrations.Whengroundshakesandthebuildingtipsforward,thecomputerwould__8__thebuildingtoshiftintheoppositedirection.Thenewdesignsshouldofferevengreater__9__tocitieswhereearthquakesoftentakeplace.Thenewsmartstructurescouldbevery__10__tobuild.However,theywouldsavemanylivesandwouldbelesslikelytobedamagedduringearthquakes.精品文库欢迎下载22.[A]possession[B]save[C]best[D]appliance[E]material[F]from[G]simple[H]with[I]in[J]element[K]model[L]item[M]easy[N]adopt[O]reasonableWisebuyingisapositivewayinwhichyoucanmakeyourmoneygofurther.Thewayyougoaboutpurchasinganarticleoraservicecanactually_1__youmoneyorcanaddtothecost.Takethe__2__exampleofahairdryer.Ifyouarebuyingahairdryer,youmightthinkthatyouaremakingthe_3__buyifyouchooseonewhoselookyoulikeandwhichisalsothecheapest__4_price.Butwhenyougetithomeyoumayfindthatittakestwiceaslongasamoreexpensive_5___todryyourhair.Thecostoftheelectricityplusthecostofyourtimecouldwellmakeyourhairdryerthemostexpensiveoneofall.Sowhatprinciplesshouldyou____whenyougooutshopping?Ifyoukeepyourhome,yourcaroranyvaluable7____inexcellentcondition,you'llbesavingmoneyinthelongrun.Beforeyoubuyanew8____,talktosomeonewhoownsone.Ifyoucan,useitorborrowittocheckitsuitsyourparticularpurpose.Beforeyoubuyanexpensive9____,oraservice,docheckthepriceandwhatisonoffer.Ifpossible,choose10____threeitemsorthreeestimates.精品文库欢迎下载33.A)poseB)exaggeratedC)acceleratingD)extinctE)existF)perceptionG)wealthyH)magnifiedI)starvingJ)headK)runningL)predictedM)abundantN)conceptionO)reducingFormanyenvironmentalists,theworldseemstobegettingworse.Theyhavedevelopedahitlistofourmainfears:naturalresourcesare1____out?thepopulationisevergrowing,leavinglessandlesstoeat?speciesarebecoming2____invastnumbers,andtheplanet'sairandwaterarebecomingevermorepolluted.Butaquicklookatthefactsshowsadifferentpicture.First,energyandothernaturalresourceshavebecomemore3____notlessso,sincethebook'TheLimitstoGrowth'waspublishedin1972byagroupofscientists.Second,morefoodisnowproducedper4____oftheworld'spopulationthanatanytimeinhistory.Fewerpeopleare5____.Third,althoughspeciesareindeedbecomingextinct,onlyabout0.7%ofthemareexpectedtodisappearinthenext50years,not25~50%,ashassooftenbeen6____.Andfinally,mostformsofenvironmentalpollutioneitherappeartohavebeen7____,oraretransient-associatedwiththeearlystagesofindustrializationandthereforebestcurednotbyrestrictingeconomicgrowth,butby8_____it.Oneformofpollution-thereleaseofgreenhousegasesthatcausesglobalwarming-doesappeartobeaphenomenonthatisgoingtoextendwellintoourfuture,butitstotalimpactisunlikelyto9____adevastating(令人心神不安的)problem.Abiggerproblemmaywellturnouttobeaninappropriateresponsetoit.Yetopinionpollssuggestthatmanypeoplenurturethebeliefthatenvironmentalstandardsaredecliningandsomefactorsseemtocausethisdisjunctionbetween10____andreality.精品文库欢迎下载44.WhatisitaboutAmericansandfood?Welovetoeat,butwefeel_1_aboutitafterward.Wesaywewantonlythebest,butwestrangelyenjoyjunkfood.We're2___withhealthandweightlossbutfaceanunprecedentedepidemicofobesity(肥胖).Perhapsthe3____tothisambivalence(矛盾情结)liesinourhistory.ThefirstEuropeanscametothiscontinentsearchingfornewspicesbutwentinvain.Thefirstcashcrop(经济作物)wasn’teatenbutsmoked.ThentherewasProhibition,intendedtoprohibitdrinkingbutactuallyencouragingmore4____waysofdoingit.Theimmigrantexperience,too,hasbeenoneofinharmony.DoasRomansdomeanseatingwhat“realAmericans”eat,butournation’sfoodhascometobe5_____byimports—pizza,say,orhotdogs.Andsomeofthecountry’smosttreasuredcookingcomesfrompeoplewhoarrivedhereinshackles.Perhapsitshouldcomeasnosurprisethenthatfoodhasbeenamediumforthenation’sdefiningstruggles,whetherattheBostonTeaPartyorthesit-insatsouthernlunchcounters.Itisintegraltoourconceptsofhealthandevenmoralitywhetheronerefrainsfromalcoholforreligiousreasonsorevadesmeatforpolitical6____.Butstrongopinionshavenotbrought7___.Americansareambivalentaboutwhattheyputintheirmouths.Wehavebecome8____ofourfoods,especiallyaswelearnmoreaboutwhattheycontain.The9___infoodisstillprosperousintheAmericanconsciousness.It'snocoincidence,then,thatthefirstThanksgivingholdstheAmericanimaginationinsuchbondage(束缚).It'swhatweeat—andhowwe10____itwithfriends,family,andstrangers—thathelpdefineAmericaasacommunitytoday.A.answerB.resultC.shareD.guiltyE.constantF.definedG.vanishH.adaptedI.creativeJ.beliefK.suspiciousL.certaintyM.obsessedN.identifyO.Ideals精品文库欢迎下载55.There'snoquestionthattheEarthisgettinghotter.Therealquestionsare:Howmuchofthewarmingisourfault,andarewe1___toslowthedevastationbycontrollingourinsatiable2____forfossilfuels?Globalwarmingcanseemtoo3____toworryabout,ortoouncertain-somethingprojectedbythesamecomputer4____thatoftencan'tgetnextweek'sweatherright.Onarawwinterdayyoumightthinkthatafewdegreesofwarmingwouldn'tbesuchabadthinganyway.Andnodoubtaboutit:Warningsabout5___changecansoundlikeanenvironmentalistscaretactic,meanttoforceusoutofourcarsandrestrictourlifestyles.Comfortingthoughts,perhaps.Unfortunately,however,theEarthhassomediscomfortingnews.FromAlaskatothesnowypeaksoftheAndestheworldisheatinguprightnow,andfast.Globally,the6____isup1°Foverthepastcentury,butsomeofthecoldest,mostremotespotshavewarmedmuchmore.Theresultsaren'tpretty.Iceis7____,riversarerunningdry,andcoastsare8____,threateningcommunities.The9____arehappeninglargelyoutofsight.Buttheyshouldn'tbeoutofmind,becausetheyareomensofwhat'sinstoreforthe10____oftheplanet.[A]remote[B]techniques[C]consisting[D]rest[E]willing[F]climate[G]skill[H]appetite[I]melting[J]vanishing[K]eroding[L]temperature[M]curiosity[N]changes[O]skillful精品文库欢迎下载66.EINInoisnamegiventothemysteriousandoftenunpredictablechangeintheclimateoftheworld.Thisstrange__1__happenseveryfivetoeightyears.ItstartsinthePacificOceanandisthoughttobecausedbyafailureinthetradewinds(信风)，whichaffectstheoceancurrentsdrivenbythesewinds.Asthetradewindslessenin__2__,theoceantemperaturerisecausingthePerucurrentflowinginformtheeasttowarmupbyasmuchas5°C.Thewarmingoftheoceanhasfar-reachingeffects.Thehot,humid(潮湿的)airovertheoceancausessevere__3__thunderstorms.TherainfallisincreasedacrossSouthAmerican__4__floodstoPeru.IntheWestpacific,therearedroughtsaffectingAustraliaandIndonesia.Sowhilesomepartsoftheworldprepareforheavyrainsandfloods,otherpartsfacedrought,poorcropsand__5__.EINinousuallylastsforabout18monthsThe1982-83EINinobroughtthemost__6__weatherinmodernhistory.Itseffectwasworldwideanditleftmorethan2,000peopledeadandcausedovereightbillionpounds__7__ofdamage.The1990EINinowill__9__,buttheyarestillnot__10__surewhatleadstoitorwhataffectshowstrongitwillbe.[A]estimate[B]strength[C]deliberately[D]notify[E]tropical[F]phenomenon[G]stable[H]attraction[I]completely[J]destructive[K]starvation[L]bringing[M]exhaustion[N]worth[O]strike精品文库欢迎下载77.Haveyoueverknownanyonefamous?Ifso,youmayhavefoundthattheyareremarkablysimilartotherestofus.Youmayhaveevenheardthem__1__topeoplesayingthereisanythingdifferentaboutthem."I'mreallyjustanormalguy,"__2__anactorwhohasrecentlyrocketedintothespotlight.Thereis,ofcourse,usuallyabriefperiodwhentheyactuallystarttobelievetheyareasgreatastheir__3__fanssuggest.Theystarttowear__4__clothesandtalkasifeveryoneshouldhearwhattheyhavetosay.Thisperiod,however,doesnotoftenlastlong.Theyfallbacktorealityasfastastheyhad__5__risenaboveitall.Whatwillitfeelliketosoartosuch__6__andlookdownlikeaneaglefromuphighoneveryoneelse?Andwhatwillitfeelliketohaveflownsohighonlyto__7__fromyourdreamandrealizeyou;areonlyhuman?Someonlyseethe__8__inlosingsomethingtheyhadgained.Theyoftenmake__9__attemptstoregainwhattheylost.Oftentheseeffortsresultinevengreaterpain.Somebecome__10__financiallyandemotionally.Theonlyrealwinnersarethosewhoarehappytobebackonthegroundwiththerestofus.[A]desperate[B]disappointing[C]cruelty[D]bankrupt[E]fancy[F]protects[G]altitude[H]similarly[I]wake[J]contest[K]object[L]worshiping[M]dignity[N]originally[O]protests精品文库欢迎下载88.WhenRobertoFelizcametotheUSAfromtheDominicanRepublic,heknewonlyafewwordsofEnglish.Educationsoonbecamea__1__."Icouldn'tunderstandanything,"hesaid.He__2__fromhisteachers,camehomeintears,andthoughtaboutdroppingout.ThenMrs.Malave,abilingualeducator,begantoworkwithhimwhileteachinghimmathandscienceinhis__3__Spanish."ShehelpedmestaysmartwhileteachingmeEnglish,"hesaid.Giventhechancetodemonstratehisability,he__4__confidenceandbegantosucceedinschool.Today,heisa__5__doctor,runshisownclinic,andworkswithseveralhospitals.Everyday,heusesthelanguageandacademicskillshe__6__throughbilingualeducationtotreathispatients.Roberto'sstoryisjustoneof__7__successstories.Researchhasshownthatbilingualeducationisthemost__8__waybothtoteachchildrenEnglishandensurethattheysucceedacademically.InArizonaandTexas,bilingualstudents__9__outperformtheirpeersinmonolingualprograms.Calexico,Calif.,implementedbilingualeducation,andnowhasdropoutratesthatarelessthanhalfthestateaverageandcollege__10__ratesofmorethan90%.InE1Paso,bilingualeducationprogramshavehelpedraisestudentscoresfromthelowestinTexastoamongthehighestinthenation.[A]wonder[B]acquired[C]consistently[D]regained[E]nightmare[F]native[G]acceptance[H]effective[I]hid[J]prominent[K]decent[L]countless[M]recalled[N]breakthrough[O]automatically精品文库欢迎下载99.Aswarspreadstomanycornersoftheglobe,childrensadlyhavebeendrawnintothecenterofconflicts.InAfghanistan,Bosnia,andColombia,however,groupsofchildrenhavebeentakingpartinpeaceeducation__1__.Thechildren,afterlearningtoresolveconflicts,tookonthe__2__ofpeacemakers.TheChildren'sMovementforPeaceinColombiawasevennominated(提名)fortheNobelPeacePrizein1998.groupsofchildren__3__aspeacemakersstudiedhumanrightsandpovertyissuesinColombia,eventuallyformingagroupwithfiveotherschoolsinBogotaknownasTheSchoolsofPeace.Theclassroom__4__opportunitiesforchildrentoreplaceangry,violentbehaviorswith__5__,peacefulones.Itisintheclassroomthatcaringandrespectforeachpersonempowerschildrentotakeastep__6__towardbecomingpeacemakers.Fortunately,educatorshaveaccesstomanyonlineresourcesthatare__7__usefulwhenhelpingchildrenalongthepathtopeace.TheYoungPeacemakersClub,startedin1992,providesaWebsitewithresourcesforteachersand__8__onstartingaKindnessCampaign.TheWorldCentersofCompassionforChildrenInternationalcallattentiontochildren'srightsandhowtohelpthe__9__ofwar.StartingaPeacemakers'Clubisapraiseworthyventureforaclassandonethatcouldspreadtootherclassroomsandideallyaffectthecultureofthe__10__school.[A]victims[B]technology[C]role[D]respectively[E]projects[F]offers[G]information[H]images[I]forward[J]especially[K]entire[L]cooperative[M]comprehensive[N]assuming[O]acting精品文库欢迎下载1010.Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscan__1__performanceatworkandschool.Cognitive(认识派的)researchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceon__2__andgiftsfromothers.Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,__3__amongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmall__4__rewardsspeakscreativityingradeschoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducements(刺激)indeed__5__inventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.“Ifkidsknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelatively__6__task,theyshowthemostcreativity,”saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.“Butit’seasyto__7__creativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsourhighgradesfor__8__achievementendsuPwithuninspiredstudents,Eisenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsand__9__failinggrades.Inearlygrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,shows__10__inraisingeffortsandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.[A]mental[B]promise[C]kill[D]avoid[E]hope[F]especially[G]aid[H]ordinary[I]approval[J]monetary[K]generally[L]improve[M]challenging[N]restore[O]excellent精品文库欢迎下载1111.Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputs__1__questions,andsoon.Formostofthetimethis“conversation”goesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecome__2__ofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetween__3__andmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperienced,ourquestionofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.Differentpeople__4__withthetextdifferently.Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage,otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichis__5__inthetext.Thelatterrepresents__6__levelsofcomprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewis__7__important,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationas__8__toa“content”conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththe__9__weemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywell__10__.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontentconversation.[A]opposed[B]converse[C]equally[D]written[E]developed[F]strategies[G]compared[H]awake[I]higher[J]expectations[K]deal[L]absolutely[M]aware[N]better[O]further精品文库欢迎下载1212.Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.NoschoolIhavetaughtinhasever__1__spellingorconsidereditunimportantasabasicskill.Thereare,however,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuch__2__itmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyand__3__inwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling?Ifspellingbecometheonlyfocalpointofhisteacher’sinterest,clearlya__4__childwillbelikelyto“playsafe”.Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoid__5__language.That’swhyteachersoften__6__theearlyuseofdictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthebottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience：“Thisworkis__7__!Therearefartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible(难以辨认的).”Itmayhavebeenasharp__8__ofthepupil’stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,which__9__somebeautifulexpressionsofthechild’sdeepfeelings.Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild’sideas,anexpressionofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmore__10__toseekimprovement.[A]priority[B]criticism[C]contained[D]clearly[E]adventurous[F]discourage[G]motivation[H]terrible[I]ignored[J]difficult[K]encourage[L]expressed[M]confidently[N]bright[O]motive