正时皮带的更换_赵文娟

正时皮带的更换_赵文娟 《正时皮带的更换》教学 【授课班级】 10汽修3(二年级) 【学 生 数】 20人(5组) 【授课时间】 11月2日上午第三节 【设计理念】 本节课的设计始终坚持“做学合一”的理念，以汽车之家论坛的一则讨论为切入点，根据我校的实际，以实际教学项目(AJR发动机正时皮带的更换)为载体，把教学项目与企业生产岗位实践紧密联系。让学生在“做中学，学中做”，让学生明白“学有所长，必有所用”。同时注重对学生职业素养的养成教育，让学生养成良好的职业素养，促进学生全面发展。 【教材分析】 本课选自高等教育出版社出版孔宪峰老师主编的国家规划教材《汽车发动机构造与维修》(第二版)第三章第二节配气机构的维 共2学时。《汽车发动机构造与维修》是汽车运用与维修专业的主干课程，配气机构的维修是发动机维修中的主要技能，正时皮带修， 的更换是真实维修项目且对发动机影响重大，但在教材中只是简短的几句话带过，容易被人忽略。而正时皮带的更换相关知识点又相对较分散。看似简单的正时皮带更换，容易在安装中出现配气正时记号对不上的问题，造成不可估量的经济损失。 【学情分析】 10汽修3班共有学生40人，由2名教师同时带领学生实践操作。他们学习基础相对较差，喜欢上网看视频，直观思维能力较强，他们喜欢操作实践，不喜欢单纯重复机械操作，有很强的上进心和求知欲，但做事缺乏持之以恒的精神。通过一年的汽车维修专业课的学习，已具备了汽车维修工量具和仪器的使用、汽车发动机构造与维修等专业理论知识和技能。 development direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of technology of, digital, network, intelligent of, information became currently and future measure hospital management level and operation efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospital information level, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competition. The weak electricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, stable, reasonable structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineering range this times weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including network system and voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system, access management system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told management system, queued station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weak current system, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction between and mutual support is a very important step. Because 【教学目标】 ◎知识与技能: 1.能准确表述AJR发动机正时皮带更换步骤和更换的要点; 2.会更换AJR发动机正时皮带，且要领准确; ◎过程与: 结合AJR发动机这一载体，通过正时皮带更换的实践操作学习，学会正时皮带更换的正确方法。 ◎情感、态度与价值观: 1.通过对正时皮带更换的操作，切身感受学习的乐趣。 2.在小组合作中逐步形成互相帮助、互相讨论和共同进步的团队意识。 【教学重点、难点和关键点】 重 点:正时皮带拆卸、安装与调整。 难 点:正时皮带的安装。 关键点:对配气正时记号。 【授课类型】 理实一体 【教学方法】 以任务驱动法为主，辅以多媒体演示及实践操作法等。 【教时、教具、课前安排】 教 时:90分钟 教 具:多媒体课件、AJR发动机5台、5把AJR发动机张紧轮专用张紧工具、套筒、棘轮板手等。 课前安排:按同组异质对学生进行分组，均分5组，每组4人，选出组长;场地布置(见附件1);学习任务书(见附件2) upport is a very important step. Becausetual sm, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction between and mued station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weak current syste, queument system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told management systemnd voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system, access managestem atimes weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including network syle structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineering range this sonablectricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, stable, realevel, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competition. The weak e mationeration efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospital infornology of, digital, network, intelligent of, information became currently and future measure hospital management level and opdevelopment direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of tech2 步时间 教学流程 教学内容 教师活动 学生活动 信息技术的应用 骤 分配 课前布置学习任务，让学生上网查找 “有关正时皮带问题引发的 故障案例”，上传至教师的QQ邮箱。根据汽车维修企业实际，引入典 用汽车之家论坛中网名 型案例，汽车之家论坛中的一则讨论:网名为天使美丽的车主发出求 为天使美丽的网友的求 助，说自己的爱车在换了正时皮带后，车子出现了加速无力、油耗增 助:“爱车在换了正时皮 加的情况，论坛里的成员根据车主提供的信息展开了讨论。如图1 带后～车子油耗增加的一 5' 创设情境， 网页展示浏览网页 情况～论坛里的成员根 导主题 学生整理据车主提供的信息展开 的案例 了讨论”引入本课题。 将课题与生活实际联系 起来～使学生感觉学有 所用～从心理上接受本 课题～激发学生的学习 图1 热情。 设计意图: 运用现实生活中真实的汽车维修案例导入新课～能激发学生的学习兴趣～引发学生学习热情～做好课题的铺垫。 n and mutual support is a very important step. Becausent system, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction betweecurre t system, queued station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weaks management system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told managemenacces twork system and voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system,ge this times weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including neng ranable, reasonable structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineerihe weak electricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, ston. Tal information level, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competitil and operation efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospitnt of, information became currently and future measure hospital management levedevelopment direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of technology of, digital, network, intellige3 在操作实践之前，先利用网页介绍皮带传动，说明皮带传动的优 缺点，并播放皮带传动的动画。然后PPT展示AJR发动机皮带传动系 统的结构图，要求学生对照AJR发动机台架，完成学习任务书中的知 识准备识图题。 为了使学生有效地学会正时皮带的更换方法，把正时皮带的更换 细化为三个任务，让学生分步突破，符合学生的认知特点，突出教学 重点。 二 40' 操作实践， 利用网页上的AJR发动 试身手 任务一:拆卸正时皮带 播放页上观看拆卸正机正时皮带的拆卸视 先利用AJR发动机台架来演示网友求助的故障，提出任务:更换正时拆卸正时时皮带视频频～引导学生主动学习。 皮带，再播放网页上拆卸正时皮带视频和AJR发动机正时皮带拆卸步皮带视频和拆卸步骤同时～利用自拍的学生 骤和要点(图3);观看完毕后，学生参照学习任务书作评分考核表1和AJR发和要点及实操作视频～帮助学生自 分组操作。其中1人负责AJR发动机正时皮带的拆卸，1人报操作步动机正时践操作 己去发现操作中的问 骤，1人整理零部件的摆放，1人配合，教师提示:作好正时皮带的旋皮带拆卸 题。 向标记，并拍摄学生操作视频，供学生课后自己查找操作中的问题。 步骤和要 点 upport is a very important step. Becausetual sm, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction between and mued station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weak current syste, queument system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told management systemnd voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system, access managestem atimes weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including network syle structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineering range this sonablectricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, stable, realevel, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competition. The weak e mationeration efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospital infornology of, digital, network, intelligent of, information became currently and future measure hospital management level and opdevelopment direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of tech4 图3 AJR发动机拆卸步骤和要点 播放页上观看安装正利用网页上的AJR发动 安装正时时皮带视频机正时皮带的拆装视 任务二:安装正时皮带 皮带视频和安装步骤频～引导学生主动学习。 教师利用网页展示AJR发动机正时皮带的安装步骤和要点(图4)，和AJR发和要点及实当在操作中遇到问题并播放AJR发动机正时皮带安装的视频，并提示:正时皮带的安装是动机正时践操作 时～利用网页上预设的拆卸的反过程，观看结束后，学生对照学习任务书作业考核评分表2皮带安装 问题解决解决。同分组操作。当拆装过程中遇到问题时，学生可以在网页查找问题解决步骤和要 时～利用自拍的学生操方案解决。 点 作视频～帮助学生自己 去发现操作中的问题。 n and mutual support is a very important step. Becausent system, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction betweecurre t system, queued station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weaks management system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told managemenacces twork system and voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system,ge this times weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including neng ranable, reasonable structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineerihe weak electricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, ston. Tal information level, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competitil and operation efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospitnt of, information became currently and future measure hospital management levedevelopment direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of technology of, digital, network, intellige5 PPT展示学生观看网先利用PPT展示AJR发 AJR发动页上正时皮动机正时皮带的结构组 机的正时带张紧度检成图～然后利用PPT展 图4 AJR发动机正时皮带的安装步骤和要点 皮带结构，查调整的视示正时皮带检查调查的 说明正时频，并对正方法～观看AJR发动机 任务三:检查调整AJR发动机的正时皮带 皮带在发时皮带张紧正时皮带张紧检查调整PPT展示AJR发动机的正时皮带结构(图5)，说明正时皮带在发动机动机上的度进行检查视频。 上的实际安装位置。接着教师根据图6所示的 AJR发动机正时皮带检实际安装和调整。 查调整方法，让学生观看网页上正时皮带张紧度检查调整的视频。然位置。 后每组指派1人对AJR发动机正时皮带松紧度进行调整，另指派1人 对AJR发动机正时皮带进行检查。 图5 图6 ed station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weak current syste, queument system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told management systemnd voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system, access managestem atimes weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including network syle structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineering range this sonablectricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, stable, realevel, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competition. The weak e mationeration efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospital infornology of, digital, network, intelligent of, information became currently and future measure hospital management level and opdevelopment direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of techupport is a very important step. Becausetual sm, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction between and mu6 设计意图: 将正时皮带的更换细化为拆卸、安装、调整三个任务，并利用信息化的手段，化繁琐的操作步骤为简单直观，学生容易 学会正时皮带更换的操作方法。 学生按照原来分组行技能比武(图7)，每组指派1名同学代表进行 拆装正时皮带的比赛，1人计时，组长对操作中仍然存在的问题进行 三 25' 展示技能， 记录和打分，1人配合，教师进行巡视，根据学生组长的记录和打分巡视 分组技能 拼实力 情况公布本次操作实践大比拼的冠军。教师对本次大比拼作简单的点点评比赛 操作 评。 图7 设计意图: 通过技能比武的形式～进一步升华学生的学习激情～巩固所学的知识～熟悉操作步骤～梳理操作思路～加深对所学知 识的理解。比拼结束～教师点评学生操作过程中存在的问题～并说明操作过程中仍然需要注意的事项～进一步操作～ 提高学生的实践操作能力。 n and mutual support is a very important step. Becausent system, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction betweecurre t system, queued station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weaks management system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told managemenacces twork system and voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system,ge this times weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including neng ranable, reasonable structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineerihe weak electricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, ston. Tal information level, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competitil and operation efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospitnt of, information became currently and future measure hospital management levedevelopment direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of technology of, digital, network, intellige7 提出任务:讨论,登陆 教师组织学生分组讨论正时链轮的检查方法和正时皮带更换周正时链轮汽车之家论登陆汽车之家论坛～给四 10' 深化知识， 期，小组讨论后，归纳总结后，再让学生代表登陆汽车之家论坛，给的检查方坛，给网友网友天使美丽提几点建 谋发展 汽车之家论坛中网友天使美丽提几点建议。 法和正时天使美丽提议。 皮带更换建议 周期 设计意图: 让学生通过网络帮助～进一步巩固所学知识～使枯燥的维护知识更贴近学生生活～使学生乐于接受。 教师点评学生的表现，并请学生代表阐述AJR发动机正时皮带拆装 的步骤，并谈谈本次课的收获和感受。下发评价反馈表，每位同学完点评学生谈收获与感五 8' 评价反馈， 成自评、互评后，教师完成师评，根据学生所填写的反馈表，给每位的表现 受 获感悟 学生进行评价。 设计意图: 引导学生有条理地总结知识点～培养归纳知识点的能力。分享实践操作中的感悟～激发学生的学习热情。 六 2' 走出课堂， 教师布置作业: 在网页自主学习丰田 好充电 1.完成实习报告，并写出AJR发动机正时皮带拆装的步骤。 布置作业 在网页上学8A发动机正时间链的 2.在网页上自主学习丰田8A发动机正时链的更换方法，要求写出 习知识 更换方法。 丰田8A发动机更换正时链的步骤。 upport is a very important step. Becausetual sm, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction between and mued station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weak current syste, queument system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told management systemnd voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system, access managestem atimes weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including network syle structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineering range this sonablectricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, stable, realevel, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competition. The weak e mationeration efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospital infornology of, digital, network, intelligent of, information became currently and future measure hospital management level and opdevelopment direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of tech8 设计意图: 进一步拓展知识～培养学生自学能力。指导学生学会学习、学会思考～强调创新。体会到知识迁移的方法～提高学生 的成就感、激发自主学习的兴趣。 【教学反思】 (一)构造了一堂富有活力的课 本堂课由现实故障案例拉开帷幕，经历了操作实践试身手、展示技能拼实力、深化知识谋发展、评价反馈获感悟等环节，环环相扣，让课堂活了起来，学生动了起来，学生们虽然忙碌着，但是快乐着。 (二)营造了一堂富有创新的课 通过展示流程图、操作视频及课堂拍摄学生的操作视频等，化抽象为直观，把学生置身于多种感观的交互中， 让学生回味无穷。通过课前上网查找案例并上传到教师的QQ邮箱，课后自主学习视频等形式，使课堂由封闭走向开放。 (三)打造了一堂富有实效的课 将任务细化为三个任务后，五组中有四组能在规定时间保质保量的完成更换任务，其中一组只能完成三个任务中的二个;在安装正时皮带中，配气正时正确率达到了85%;学生的课堂参与率达到了100%，说明这是一堂富有实效的课。 n and mutual support is a very important step. Becausent system, we believe that the needs of each independent and stable operation of the subsystem, and mutual interaction betweecurre t system, queued station system, buildings control system, weak intelligent of management system. In the construction of weaks management system, parking management system, surgery monitoring teaching system, ICU visits system, call on told managemenacces twork system and voice communications system), wired TV system, information guide and the released system, monitoring system,ge this times weak system construction project of engineering covers following system: integrated wiring system (including neng ranable, reasonable structure, strong expansion, economic and practical standards of the integrated management system. Engineerihe weak electricity system construction project is going digital, centralized management of the network. perform advanced, ston. Tal information level, Technology management level, medical level in order to occupy a strong position in the market competitil and operation efficiency of a key factors. currently domestic of medium hospital are this aspects constantly improve hospitnt of, information became currently and future measure hospital management levedevelopment direction, prevention medical patient disputes, bad event, hospital of technology of, digital, network, intellige9