剖析北京现代新胜达四轮驱动系统技术

剖析北京现代新胜达四轮驱动系统技术 北京现代新胜达四轮驱动系统技术剖析 新胜达(DM)车辆配备WiaMagna韩国的动力公司)传动系的电控4WD系统。基于各种来自发动机、制动器和转向系统的信息，系统根据道路状况和驾驶情况，动态地分配前后轮驱动力，以实现最佳驾驶性能。现有系统最显著的区别是离合器控制，以前使用电磁线圈，现在由执行器单独控制(电机和液压泵)，如图1所示。 一、主要特征 系统根据路面和驾驶情况将驱动力分配至前,后车轮，以实现车辆最佳驾驶性能。 1(电控马区动力分配 根据接收来自各传感器的信号，4WD ECU确定路面和驾驶情况，准确调整4WD祸合器(离合器)，对传送至后车轮的驱动力部分进行可变调节。 2(使用相关的驱动控制系统进行手动控制 系统通过使用制动系统，如ABS和ESC，完成控制，确保车辆最佳驾驶性能。 二、系统结构 驱动扭矩从发动机,变速器传送至分动器，然后经由传动轴传送至后差速器载体;驱动力的分配由4WDECU和藕合器控制。 (1)分动器一般安装在前轮驱动车辆，改变动力传递方向将驱动力传送到后车轮。对于DM车型，使用了小型单轴式分动器。用于分动器的油为齿轮油(SAE three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality 75W/90 API GL-5级)，应注满至加油口下。 (2)4WD系统有两个不同的模块:一前一后。用于前轮的装置在变速器中，用于后轮的与电子藕合器相连接。后差速器的主减速比为2.533，用于后差速器载体的油为SAE75W/90 API GL-5级，分动器使用同样的齿轮油。油应注满至加油口下。 (3)维修注意事项 ?安装注意事项。 驱动轴:在安装变速器、后桥和轴后，检查圈形夹是否安装适当(传动轴断裂原因)。 在安装手动变速器部件时，应注意变速器密封不被驱动轴损坏。 变速器油泄漏原因:应注意由工具或处理失误造成的螺栓被刺穿或箍带损坏。 传动轴:应在拆卸发动机或变速器的同时，拆卸传动轴。 在拆卸发动机和变速器后拆卸传动轴会引起等速万向节角度的弯曲。 如果不拆卸，等速万向节的防尘罩可能被刺穿。 ?在车辆向前,向后移动时，对产生的异常“僻啪”声进行诊断 改善:在轮毅轴承上使用防噪声垫圈(二硫化铂涂层垫圈)。 检查重点在拆卸驱动轴后检查垫圈状态。检查在重新安装后是否产生异常声音。 三、4WD藕合器 4WD藕合器如图2所示。 4WD ECU处理传感器信号，如4个轮速、加速器和转向角，并根据路面和驾驶情况，通过控制多片式离合器将驱动力传送到前,后车轮。 ?在正常驾驶时，大部分驱动力传送至前轮。 ?四动力适应车辆的转弯半径，速度传送至后轮。 ?在一个或两个前轮打滑时，适应打滑的驱动力传送至后轮。 ?在粗糙路面使扭矩最大化(仅在车速低于40km/h时开启)。 四、驱动力分配 three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality 驱动力分配如表1所示。 五、工作(如图3所示) ?驾驶情况(转速、SAS、车速、动机扭矩)输入4WD ECU(CAN信) ?在计算所需后驱动力后，4WDECU将工作电流发送到执行器(DC电机，液压泵)。 ?活塞移动(由执行器的液压推动)。 ?由活塞推动力控制离合器啮合。 ?传给后驱动力。 4WD ECU信息输入，如，来自轮速、加速踏板、转向角等的信号。根据路面和驾驶情况，控制4WD祸合器多片式离合器，将驱动力分配至前,后车轮。在按下锁止模式开关时，前,后驱动力的比例固定在50:50。车速在40km/h或更高时，模式自动变成自动，车速再次低于40km/h时，返回至锁止模式。 尽管在驾驶车辆时，未开启4WD系统，传动轴和输入,输出轴也可能由于拖three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality 拽而旋转。但是，扭矩不足以马区动车辆。 六、主要部件(如图4所示) ?执行器:液压发生器(电机，液压泵)。 ?通气阀:排放空气防止超压。 ?法兰和输入轴:将传动轴驱动力连接至内离合器。 ?活塞:将压力传送至离合器。 ?离合器组件:传输由摩擦产生的驱动力。 ?油封盖:防止油泄漏。 ?毅:将驱动力传输至后差速器。 ?ECU:控制驱动力分配。 七、信号输入与输出 4WD车辆根据车辆的驾驶情况和路况分配各种力矩。通过CAN通信接收来自ABS/ESC ECU的车速信息。在现有车型中，通过处理来自4个轮速传感器的信号计算转向角。但是，在DM车型中，是通过来自ESCECU的转向角信号完成。CAN通信的其他信息包括驾驶员加速意向，如APS、发动机扭矩、ABS/ESC工作信号、挡位等，4WD ECU控制液压电机、故障警告灯、指示灯，以及与诊断装置的通信，如图5所示。 three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality 以正常速度在正常路面驾驶的车辆与2WD车辆相似。根据车辆的驾驶情况，如突然启动、转弯或进入低摩擦路面等，4WD ECU接收来白各传感器的信号，确定必要的前,后轮驱动力。也通过计算发送的扭矩控制(占空比控制)到液压电机的电流，由此传输与至后轮的驱动情况一致的最佳扭矩。在转向盘转角速度传感器发生故障时，ECU使用来自各车轮的轮速信号检测车辆的转弯移动，防止发生急转弯制动(TCB)现象。 八、部件 1(压力传感器(位置如图6所示):压力传感器由3个端子组成，监测液压泵的驱动压力。?传感器类型:半导体式;?输入电压:5V;?输出电压:0.5-4.5V。 2.4WD ECU位置:防火板右侧(如图7所示)，安装扭矩:10-12N? m。WD ECU根据来自各传感器的信号，确定路况和驾驶情况，准确调整4WD耦合器的多片式离合器夹紧力，可变地控制部分传输至后轮的驱动力。 three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality 3. 耦合器:执行器包括电机和液压泵。在电机旋转产生G-子离心力时，液压由G-子离心率产生。?电机类型:DC电机;?驱动电压:12 V;?驱动电流:最大15A;?泵类型:G-子。 九、4WD锁止模式 1(按下锁止模式开关，仪表盘上的4WD锁止灯亮起。4WD ECU启动耦合器内的执行器，将前,后轮驱动力的比例固定在50:50。锁止模式开关用于如粗糙地形、越野、沙地或泥路等驾驶情况。在车速超过40km/h时，锁止模式无效，改变至自动模式，保护系统，提高驾驶性能(仪表盘灯保持亮灯)，在车速再次低于40km/h时，返回至锁止模式。在自动模式驾驶与在正常驾驶情况下的2WD相似，但是在系统确定四轮驱动所需条件时，前,后轮驱动力分配由ECU自动触发，无需驾驶员的意向，因此驱动力适当地传输至前,后轮。 2(故障 警告灯、指示灯控制:?在4WD系统出现故障时，仪表盘上的4WD故障警告灯闪烁:?选择4WD锁止模式，仪表盘上4WD锁止模式指示灯亮起;?在自动模式，无指示灯;?4WD ECU和仪表盘使用CAN通信。 十、维修数据的含义 1(发动机转速:显示发动机每分钟转数(RPM)，通过来自曲轴位置传感器的信号计算。 2(车速:显示车辆驾驶速度，由全部4轮速度的平均数计算。 three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality 3(节气门位置传感器:确定驾驶员应用的加速度(与车速和制动信号一起使用的参考信号决定前后轮扭矩分配)。 4(点火开关电压(IG1):点火开关ON电压值输入4WD ECUO 5(蓄电池电压:蓄电池(B+)电压值输入4WD ECU。 6.马区动扭矩:由4WD ECU控制的执行器扭矩值(由DC电机泵排放量计算)。 7(计算离合器占空比:耦合器离合器占空比由4WD ECU控制。 8(热值:代表计算传输扭矩和4WD离合器产生的前,后轮滑移的热力值。 9(轮速:将来自ABS/ESC控制器的各车轮旋转速度发送至CAN 。 10(转向盘转角速度传感器:转向角进入4WD ECU, 11.警告灯:在4WD系统出现故障时，开启故障警告灯。 12(压力传感器:在4WD启动或停用时，显示压力读数。 十一、驱动测试 驱动测试应使用适当诊断工具执行，能够检查扭矩耦合器调节，AWD模式选择，及在4WD系统测试中的故障警告灯控制。对于驱动测试来说，应满足以下要求:无故障码;点火开关ON;自动变速器杆在P(车速为0km/h)。 (1)扭矩祸合器控制:扭矩祸合器调节通过DC电机驱动测试启动和停止扭矩强制传输。在强制扭矩传输时，来自维修数据的压力传感器读数增加，在强制传输停止时，压力传感器读数下降至0。 (2)AWD,锁止模式选择:选择AWD模式，可检查4WD模式指示灯。如果选择，锁止模式指示灯亮起。如果指示灯不亮，检查相关灯和电路。 (3) 4WD灯控制:灯控制检查4WD故障警告灯，在选择灯控制时，仪表盘上4WD故障警告灯亮起。如果故障警告灯不亮，检查相关灯和电路。 十二、故障码 故障码如表2所示。 three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality 放气:4WD ECU强制电机泵旋转，清除藕合器内部空气的过程。 CAN总线OFF: CAN高电位或CAN低电位通信线路断路或短路。 EMS 1/4:发动机扭矩和APS信号包括发动机位移信息。 EMS 5:大气温度信息。 十三、维修注意事项 1(离合器磨损补偿 产生条件和补偿:车辆行驶时，耦合器内离合器摩擦材料性能改变。更换控制模块或耦合器时，输入数据前检查此改变所需补偿值。 (1)在更换ECU和耦合器时于与此同时:不需要补偿过程。 (2)在仅更换耦合器时:更换耦合器后重置ECU中的英里数。 three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality (3)仅更换ECU:更换ECU前，检查ECU中的英里数;更换ECU后，新ECU上输入旧ECU的英里数。 2(确保耦合器在水平位置 当通气阀在开启时没有保持在水平位置，通气阀内油将溢出。所以在移动、安装、更换耦合器时应注意。 在新耦合器与后差速器安装前，确保移除塑料油塞(无检测性能,仅用于堵塞)。 不管耦合器是否被塞住，请确保将其维持在水平位置(参考操作警告标示)。 3(检查耦合器油 工厂推出正规产品时，总成就装满了专用耦合器油(超低私度ATFShell TF0870)。 专用油无需检查或更换。 无放油塞或注油口(总成完全密封)。 4. 耦合器花键涂润滑脂 在与差速器一起拆卸和安装耦合器时，将少量润滑脂涂于耦合器花键孔。润滑脂TECHLUBEMEGAMAX-ALPHA或相等物。 5(在安装耦合器和后差速器时的注意事项:额外注意事项是在安装耦合器和差速器时，不要损坏油封。 three thematic education and Central and provincial implementation of the inspection group feedback problem rectification in accordance with the three Suns activities require, 11 April 2015 to November organizations focus on activities, focus on General Secretary XI Jinping important speech and the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPC disciplinary regulations, and so on. June 30, 2015 organization full town all members cadres for has three strict three real topic education learning, from November mid-began, respectively organization members cadres to held Symposium, and individual Exchange, and set sought views box and phone, widely collection members cadres masses, on party team in slim man, and with right law has, and officer venture, aspects of problem 6 article; in comply with party of political discipline, and political rules and discipline, aspects of problem 4 article; In the implementation of honest responsibility and oversight responsibilities of question 2, a total of 12. Control three-three standard, vertical vertical line, that is to say know immediately. Ideologically, politically, and in action with the CPC Central Committee and provincial, municipal and County party committees was very consistent. Paying careful attention to the Central and provincial inspection group feedback problem corrective action implementation. (E) strengthen the team construction and cadre ideological and political building 1. catching team, constantly strengthening the self-construction of the Party Committee. According to three Suns activity requirements, strengthen the team construction of the Party Committee, and continuously improve the overall quality