语言学判断题

判断Chapter1“Languageoperatesbyrules”isafundamentalviewaboutlanguage.【】TItisconclusivethatChineseisregardedastheprimevallanguage.【答案】FWhereverhumansexist,languageexists.【答案】T1.Whenlanguageisusedtogetinformationfromothers,itservesaninformativefunction.【答案】FThephaticfunctionreferstolanguagefunctionforestablishingormaintainingsocialcontactratherthanforexchanginginformationorideas.【答案】TThemostimportantsociologicaluseoflanguageistheperformativefunction,bywhichpeopleestablishandmaintaintheirstatusinsociety.【答案】FPhonologyislanguagespecific.【答案】TSyntaxreferstothestudyoftherulesgoverningthewaywordsarecombinedtoformsentencesinalanguage.【答案】TPhonologyandgrammarareinfinite,tightlystructuredsystems,thechilddoesnothavetomasterthembeforepubertyinordertobeanativespeakerofthelanguage.【答案】F1.Theconceptcompetenceoriginallyreferstothegrammaticalknowledgeoftheideallanguageuserandhasnothingtodowiththeactualuseoflanguageinconcretesituation.【答案】TThedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointintimeiscalleddiachronicstudy.【答案】FChapter2Bilabialconsonantisproducedwhentheobstructionispartialandtheairisforcedthroughanarrowpassage.【答案】FThesoundsegmentsaregroupedintoconsonantsandvowels.【答案】TChapter3Thewordof“impossibility”containsfourmorphemes.【答案】FBoth“use”and“books”contain/s/,whichcanberegardedasaphonemeandamorphemeaswell.【答案】FThewords“water”and“teacher”haveacommonphonemeandacommonmorphemeaswell.【答案】FThewords“boys”and“raise”haveacommonphonemeandacommonmorphemeaswell.【答案】FAnalogicchangereferstothereductionofthenumberofexceptionalorirregularmorphemes.【答案】TINVENTIONisaformofcompounding,inwhichtwowordsareblendedbyjoiningtheinitialpartofthefirstwordandthefinalpartofthesecondword,orbyjoiningtheinitialpartsofthetwowords.【答案】FChapter4Paradigmaticrelationinsyntaxisalternativelycalledhorizontalrelation.【答案】F（解释：Paradigmaticrelationisalsocalledverticalrelation;horizontalrelationisatermforsyntagmaticrelation）.2.ItischaracteristicofHalliday’stheorythatmoreattentionispaidtoparadigmaticrelationsthantosyntagmaticrelations,whichisthemainconcernofChomsky.【答案】T1..InEnglish,nounshavethreecases—nominative,accusativeandgenitive.【答案】T1.Alllanguageshavesomedifferencesinverbformswhichareusedtoproducecohesion.【答案】TIntheexample:“Hecouldn'topenthedoor.Itwaslockedtight”,therelationbetween“thedoor”and“It”isthatofsubstitution.【答案】F(reference)Chapter51.Aftercomparing“Theystoppedattheendofthecorridor”with“Attheendofthecorridor,theystopped.”youmayfindsomedifferenceinmeaning,andthedifferencecanbeinterpretedintermsofcollocativemeaning【答案】FAftercomparing“Theystoppedattheendofthecorridor.”with“Attheendofthecorridor,theystopped.”youmayfindsomedifferenceinmeaning,andthedifferencecanbeinterpretedintermsofthematicmeaning.【答案】TWhenyouuseyourownsentencewithameaningotherthantheconceptual,themeaningissometimesreferredtoasspeaker’smeaning,orcontextualmeaning.【答案】TThetheoryofmeaningwhichrelatesthemeaningofawordtothethingitrefersto,orstandsfor,isknownasthereferentialtheory.【答案】TReferenceisoneoftherarelyusedcohesivedevices.【答案】FOdgenandRichardsarguethattherelationbetweenawordandathingitreferstoisnotdirect.【答案】TTheideathatthemeaningofasentencedependsonthemeaningsoftheconstituentwordsandthewaytheyarecombinedisusuallyknownastheprincipleofCOMPOSITIONALITY.【答案】TChapter91.Metonymyisakindoffigurativelanguagewhichisusuallyclassedasatypeofsynecdoche.Itreferstousingthenameofpartofanobjecttotalkaboutthewholething,andviceversa,astheuseof“hands”in“Weareshortofhands”.【答案】F【解析】Synecdocheisakindoffigurativelanguagewhichisusuallyclassedasatypeofmetonymy.Itreferstousingthenameofpartofanobjecttotalkaboutthewholething,andviceversa,astheuseof“hands”in“Weareshortofhands”.Blankverseconsistsoflinesiniambicpentameterwhichdonotrhyme.【答案】TTheinitialconsonantsareidenticalinalliteration.【答案】TThetermStreamofconsciousnesswritingwasoriginallycoinedbythephilosopherWilliamJamesinhisPrincipleofPsychologytodescribethefreeassociationofideasandimpressionsinthemind.【答案】T2.AUTHORIALSTYLElookscloselyathowlinguisticchoiceshelptoconstructtextualmeaning.Whenweexamineit,wewillneedtoexaminelinguisticchoiceswhichareintrinsicallyconnectedwithmeaningandeffectonthereader.【答案】F【解析】Textstylelookscloselyathowlinguisticchoiceshelptoconstructtextualmeaning.Whenweexamineit,wewillneedtoexaminelinguisticchoiceswhichareintrinsicallyconnectedwithmeaningandeffectonthereader.1.Theopinionthatalanguageisprimitivereflectsthesocialjudgmentofthelanguage.【答案】F（资料素材和资料部分来自网络，供参考。可复制、编制，期待你的好评与关注）