施倩文 莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首分析课件

莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首十四行诗介绍莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首文体分析十四行诗介绍十四行诗(sonnet)：过去也曾音译为《商籁诗》。十四行，抑扬格，五音步用作全诗的形式。首先出现于意大利，16世纪中传入英国，为伊丽莎白时代(伊丽莎白一世在位时期为1558一1603)文人所宠爱，莎士比亚、斯宾塞及西德尼(sidney)全都写下过著名的十四行诗。18世纪十四行诗曾受到冷落。但后又被浪漫派诗人济慈、华兹华斯等人所复兴，以后许多诗人也多所采用。英国十四行诗有两种类型：意大利式(Petrarvhan)及莎士比业式(Shakesperoan)(英国式)。Sonnet18ShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?aThouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate.bRoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofmay,aAndsummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.bSometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,cAndoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimm’d;dAndeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,cBychance,ornature’schangingcourse,untrimm’d.dButthyeternalsummershallnotfade,eNorlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st,fNorshallDeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade,eWhenineternallinestotimethougrow’st.FSolongasmancanbreatheoreyescansee,gSolonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.gRoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,AndSummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.rough:violent;terribledarling:lovely;dear;charminglease:Hereitisfigurativelyused,meaning“lifetime”.hath:oldusefor“has”date:periodoftime英译：Infact,theviolentwindsdodestroythelovelybudsofMay,andsummerlastsforonlyaveryshortperiodoftime.Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st,NorshallDeathbragthouwand’restinhisshade,Whenineternallinestotimethougrow’steternalsummer:(metaphor)immortalyouthfulnessDeath:(personification)thedestroyeroflifeeternallines:immortallinesofpoetrysuchasthelinesinthispoemtotimethougro’st:you’llgrowtogetherwithtime,justastimethatlastsforeverSonnet18(1609)ShallIcomparetheetoasummer'sday?我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate:你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，Andsummer'sleasehathalltooshortadate:夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：Sometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，Andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimmed,它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：Andeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，Bychance,ornature'schangingcourseuntrimmed没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。ThemeAprofoundmeditationonthedestructivepoweroftimeandtheeternalbeautybroughtforthbypoetrytotheoneheloves.Anicesummer'sdayisusuallytransient,butthebeautyinpoetrycanlastforever.ThusShakespearehasafaithinthepermanenceofpoetry.