英语填空、翻译重点

填空 Unit 1 The independence-versus-interdependence issue has been written about regularly and is often introduced as the major issue separating the two worlds of scientific 1) employment ;academic and industrial.For decades,academia has 2) paid lip service to the idea of collaboration,but the incentive-and-reward system has been slow to 3) adjust. Despite the widespread interest in collaboration and its obvious value in an academic 4) setting,collaboration remains informal and is actually 5) discouraged by the tenure process, in which scholars are penalized for sharing 6) credit for their work with others. Large-scale academic collaboration has taken place successfully in the past;the manhattan project and contemporaneous radar research,and numerous experimental particle physics projects, to 7) cite just a few examples, are not perhaps academic in the purest sense,but they 8) demonstrate that academic scientists can play well with others. More recently, new systems biology studies are bringing a sense of 9) teamwork into academic life science labs,but there have been some growing pains. still, in most of academic science-including the life science-the lone wolf still 10) rules. Unit 3 Snow was 1) swirling against the icy windows once more; Christmas was approaching fast.Hagrid had alresdly single-handedly 2) delivered the usual 12 christmas trees to the Great Hall; garlands of holly and tinsel had been twisted around the banisters of the stairs;everlasting candles 3) glowed from inside the helmets of suits of armor and great bunches of mistletoe had been hung at 4) intervals along the corridors. Large groups of girls tended to 5) converge underneath the mistletoe bunches every time Harry went past,which caused blockages in the corridors; fortunately, however, Harry’s frequent nighttime 6）wanderings had given him an unusually good knowledge of the castle’s secret passageways, so that he was often,without too much difficulty, able to 7 ) navigate mistletoe-free routes between classes. Ron,who might once have found the necessity of these detours excuse for 8) jealousy rather than hilarity,simply roared with laughter about it all. Although Harry much preferred this new laughing,joking Ron to the moody,aggressive model he had been enduring for the last few weeks,the imporoved Ron came at a heavy price.Firstly,Harry had to put up with the frequent 9) presence of Lavender Brown,who seemed to regard any moment that she was not kissing Ron as a momenent wasted;and secondly;Harry found himself once more the best friend of two people who seemed unlikely ever to speak to each other again. “she can’t complain,”he told Harry. “She snogged Krum.So she’s found out someone wants to snog me too.Well,it’s free country.I haven’t done anything wrong .” Harry did not answer,but pretended to be 10) absorbed in the book they were supposed to have read before Charms next morning.Determined as he was to remain friends with both Ron and Hermione ,he was spending a lot of time with his mouth shut tight. Unit4 Important date respect dimension whomever sufficient essential prerequisite highly romantic candidates suitable If we look at love in other countries and cultures, we find many variations. In societies like India, love is not necessarily a(n) 1) prerequisite for marriage. Even highly educated Indian men and women who2) date non-indians while living in western countries often consent to arranged marriages. 3) Respect for parents’ wishes, family traditions, and duty to the skin group and more 4) important than love. Most middle- and upper-middle class women in india can marry 5) whomever they want. Many, however, prefer arranged marriages and have veto power over undesirable 6) candidates. Arranged marriages are attractive because they offer more stability than love. According to one 7) highly educated women in Calcutta who has been happily married for three years to a man she had met just three times before their engagement, love isn’t 8) essential for marital happiness:“I met a lot of people I liked, but no one was 9) suitable for marriage, because I was looking for practicality also. Love is important, but it’s not 10) sufficient Unit5 Medical practice write describe mental state of being exercise include picture soul individul adapt experience control fundamental Yoga is an ancient system of relaxation, exercise, and healing with origins in indian philosophy. Early descriptions of Yota are 1) written in Sanskrit, the classical literary language of india. The first known work is The Yoga Sutras, written more than 2000 years ago, although Yoga may have been 2) practiced up to 5000 years ago. The initial concepts have been 3) adapted over time through translation and scholary interpretation, but the 4)fundamental principles describing the practice of yoga in the quest of the 5) soul remain largely intact. Yoga has been 6) described as “ the union of mind,body,and spirit”, which address physical, 7) mental, intellectual, emotional and spritual dimensions towards an overall harmonious 8) state of being . The philosophy of yoga is sometimes 9) pictured as a tree with eight branches. These eight limbs are : pranayama ,asana, yama, niyama, dharana, prathyahara, dhyana, and sanadhi. There are several schools of yoga practice , such as hatha yoga, karma yoga, bhakti yoga, and raja yoga. There schools vary in the proportions of the 10) exercises of the eight limbs. However, they are all similar in working towards the goal of self-realization and 11) control of mental, physiological, and psychological parameters through yogic 12) experiences. In the United States and Europe, hatha yoga is commonly practiced, 13) including pranayama. Yoga is often practiced by healthy 14) individuals with the aim to achieve relaxation,fitness, and a healthy lifestyle. Yoga has also been recommened and used for a variety of 15) medical conditions. Yoga techniques can be learned in class or thr hrough videotape insruction. Class last from 30 to90 minutes and are offered at various skill levels Unit10 Nation likely balance contribute dedicate deep how potential explore production The moral imperative begins by considering the value of education which is much 1) deeper than earning potential or building human capital. Education is what it takes to lead fuller lives and to 2) contribute to our nation and the world Higher education in particular affords sdudents the opportunities to 3) explore history, debate important issues , and discover their passions and 4) potential Our founders understood 5) how important education is to the idea of America as a just, equitbale, and 6) productive society . A nation of educated individuals is more 7) likely to strengthen the institution： in government, in business and in the schools they rely upon Consider graduation rates. Fifteen percent of our high schools 8) produce half of our dropouts, and these schools are disproportionately in low-income areas with mostly minority students.9) Nationally, one of every two African American and Hispanic students drops out of high school. If we are a nation 10) dedicated to equility,we cannot be satisfied with the status quo. Helping more students make it to college and succeed there is a morally urgent challenge. 翻 译 1.Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. 每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域， 你可以指望他们把活干好。 2.“We hold them up to the standards we see in our top people.If it looks like they have these same traits,we’ll place a bet on them.”It’s just a bit riskier. 我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假 如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把， 只是这样有点儿冒险。 3.Better still, develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates collaborations--- and make sure this quality gets mentioned by those who will take those reference phone calls. 更为有利的是，要在你的实验室内部，以及在和你们实 验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动 合作的人---还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你 的这个品质。 4.Haut heads strategy and business development for a division of 3M with more than $2.4 billion in annual revenues.He is among those who value a sense of urgency. 他在 3M 公司一个部门负责策略和商业开发工作， 这个部 门每年上缴的税收高达 24 亿多美元。他就是一个重视急迫 感的人。 5.“Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting ‘there’ faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where ‘there’ is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” “一年 365 天，一周 7 天，一天 24 小时，生意始终在进 行，那意味着一年 365 天，一周 7 天，一天 24 小时，竞争 也同样在进行， ”豪特说， “公司取胜的之一就是要更快 地到达‘目的地’ ！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司 快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的 地’在哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些 思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要 求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工 作。 ” 6.In a business,you need to understand the process,but you end up falling in love with the answer and then take a risk based on what your think that answer means to your business. 在企业里，你需要了解过程，但最终你会迷上答案，然 后根据你认为该答案对你的企业所具有的意义来冒风险。 7.The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize his or her relationship assets above their technical assets. 想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关 系资源而不是技术资源。 8.To suddenly be valued and measured by your mastery of human relationships can be a very scary proposition for a person who has been valued and measured only by his mastery of things. 对一个以前一直根据专业知识水平被评价的人来说，突 然之间要根据他的人际交往能力来评价他，真是十分令人恐 惧。 9.Indeed, the, key players I’ve met who work at the bench in industry have succeeded in great measure because they’ve been able to work with a broad variety of personalities,up and down the organization。 事实上，我所遇见的在企业工作的核心员工们之所以取 得成功，很大程度上是因为他们能够与公司上下各种各样的 人共事。 10.With a frist printing of 5.3 million copies and advance orders topping 1.8 million,Harry Potter and the Goblet of fire,the fourth installment of the series,promises to break every bookselling record. 《哈利波特》系列丛书的第四册《哈利波特与火焰杯》初 版 530 万册，加上高达 180 万册的订单，有望创造新的畅销 书销售记录。 11.Not unit I’d reread what I’d written did I realize that that had been taken entirely-entirely-from how I felt about my mother’s death. 直到我自己重读我写过的东西，我才意识到这个情节完 完全全---完完全全地---来自于我对母亲去世的感觉。 12.Love has been a source of inspiration ,wry witticisms,and even political action for many centuries. 几百年来爱 都是灵感、俏皮的揶揄、甚至是政治活动的 来源。 13.Love,especially long-term love, has nothing in common with the images of love or frenzied sex that we get from Hollywood, television, and romance novels. 爱，特别是长久的爱，和我们从好莱坞、电视、或爱情 小说获得的对爱和狂热的性爱的印象完全不同。 14.Yoga stretches are used by physical therapists and professional sports teams,and the benefits of yoga are being touted by movie stras and fortune 500 executives. 瑜伽已被广泛应用于身体治疗和专业运动队的日常训 练，做瑜伽的好处也被电影明星和《财富》杂志世界 500 强 企业的总裁们争相吹捧。 15.Many yogis are amazed at how rapidly yoga’s popularity has spread in America,considering the legend that it was passed down secretly by handfuls of adherents for many centuries. 许多世纪以来，瑜伽只是在极少信徒的言传身教中得以 流传， 而今它在美国快速普及， 这使许多瑜伽师感到很惊异。 16.That faith is based on a conviction that the vitality of the United States,its creative and diverse cultural life,its staggeringly inventive economy, its national security and the robustness of its democratic institutions owe much to the quality of institutions of higher education. 这一信念是在这样一个深信不疑的基础上确立的，即美 国的活力、它富有创造性和多样化的文化生活、它具有惊人 独创力的经济、它的国家安全以及它健全的民主制度---极大 地依赖于其高等教育机构的质量。 17.In return for this broad support,society rightfully expects certain things from us. It expects the generation of new ideas and the discovery of new knowledge, the exploration of complex issues in an open and collegial manner and the preparation of the next generation of citizens and leaders. In times of trouble, it is especially important that we live up to these expections. 社会当然期望我们能有所作为以回报这种广泛的支持。 社会期望我们产生新思想，开发新知识，以一种开放和共同 协作的方式探索复杂的问题，培养未来一代公民和领导者。 当处于困境的时候，我们不辜负这些期望就尤为重要。 18.Its scholars and teachers are meant to move in and out of the academy in pursuit of opportunities to use their expertise in public service, In pursuit of creative work that will give us illumination and insight and in pursuit of ways to turn laboratory discoveries into useful things. 学者和教师必定要周旋于学院内外以寻觅运用他们的才 能为公众服务的机会，寻觅能给我们带来启发和见识的创造 性工作，寻觅把实验室的研究发现转化为实际应用的途径。 19.Our studens engage the world with a strong sense of civic responsibility, and when they graduate they become alumini who do the same.This is as it should be. 我们的学生在 事社会活动时怀有一种强烈的公民责任 意识，并且当他们毕业若干年后成为老校友时仍然会这样 做。这些都是理所当然的。 20.Just as we have an obligation to search widely for knowledge, so we also have an obligation to ensure that the scholarly work of the academy is widely disseminated, so that others can correct it when necessary, or build on it ,or use it to make better decisions,develop better products or construct better plans. 就像我们有义务广泛寻求新知识一样，我们也有义务确 保我们的学术研究能够被广泛地传播。只有这样，别人才能 对其做出必要的修正，或将其发扬光大，或依据它来作出更 好的决定，开发出更好的产品，或构建出更好的规划。