新视野大学英语 长难句分析 第四册

第一单元Thecrueltyofsuccessisthatitoftenleadsthosewhoseeksuchsuccesstoparticipateintheirowndestruction.(Para.1)Meaning:Theharshrealityofsuccessisthatitoftendestroysthosewhotryhardtoachieveit.Theconquestoffameisdifficultatbest,andmanyendupemotionallyifnotfinanciallybankrupt.(Para.2)Meaning:Evenunderthemostfavorablecircumstances,gainingfameisdifficult,andintheendmanyartistsfailemotionallyeveniftheydonotfailfinancially.Still,impuremotivessuchasthedesireforworshippingfansandpraisefrompeersmayspurtheartiston.Thelureofdrowninginfame'simperialgloryisnoteasilyresisted.(Para.2)Meaning:Impuremotivessuchasthedesireforworshippingfansandpraisefrompeersmaypushtheartisttoachievefame.Itisalmostimpossibletoresisttheadmirationandpraisethatfamebrings.Theydevelopastylethatagentsmarketaggressivelytohastenpopularity,andtheirrideontheexpresselevatortothetopisablur.Mostwouldbehard-pressedtotellyouhowtheyevengotthere.(Para.3)Meaning:Theseartistsdemonstrateastylethatagentspromoteforcefullytomakethempopularmorequickly.Mostofthemwouldfinditdifficulttotellyouhowtheybecamefamous.Rideontheexpresselevatortothetopisametaphorwhichmeans"becomingfamousquickly".Theirdistinctstylesmarkedasignificantchangeinformfromothersandgainedthemfameandfortune.However,theypaidforitbygivingupthefreedomtoexpressthemselveswithotherstylesorforms.(Para.4)Meaning:Theirclearlydifferentstylesbroughtthemfameandfortune.However,theygotitatthecostofgivinguptheirfreedomtouseotherstylestoexpressthemselves.Onedropoffamewilllikelycontaminatetheentirewellofaman'ssoul,andsoanartistwhoremainstruetohimselforherselfisparticularlyamazing.(Para.6)Meaning:Onedropoffamecouldpoisonaperson'ssoul,andsoanartistwhoactsaccordingtohisorherbeliefsanddoeswhatheorshethinksisrightisparticularlyamazing.Youwouldbehard-pressedtounderlinemanynamesofthosewhohavenotcompromisedandstillsucceededinthefamegame.(Para.6)Meaning:Youwouldhavedifficultylistingmanynamesofartistswhohavenotgivenuptheirprinciplesinordertopleasetheiraudiencesandstillsucceededintheircareers.Whenthingswereattheirworst,hefoundthatnoonewaswillingtoriskhisorhernameinhisdefense.(Para.6)Meaning:Theworstthingwasthathefoundnoonewasreadytodefendhimattheriskofdamaginghisorherownname.Curiouslyenough,itisthosewhofailthatreapthegreatestreward:freedom!(Para.7)Meaning:Itisverystrangethatthosewhofailgetthegreatestreward:freedom!Single-mindedartistswhocontinuetheirquestforfameevenafterfailuremightalsoliketoknowthatfailurehasmotivatedsomefamouspeopletoworkevenhardertosucceed.(Para.8)Meaning:Thoseartistswhoaredeterminedintheirsearchforfame，evenaftertheyhavesufferedfailure,mightalsoliketoknowthatfailurehasmadesomefamouspeopleworkevenhardertosucceed.Payattentiontothewordformationof"a.n.-ed".Wordsofsimilarformationinclude:blue-eyedkind-heartedbroad-mindedgood-naturedgray-hairedlight-heartedopen-mindedcold-heartednear-sightedsingle-handedAt16,Ilikednothingbetterthangettingbehindthewheelofourtruckanddrivingintotownontheoldmillroad.(Para.1)Meaning:Attheageof16,whatIlikedmostwasdrivingourtruckintotownontheoldmillroad.Thistripwasdifferent,though.(Para.1)Meaning:However,thistime,IcouldnotenjoymyselfbecauseIhadsomethingonmymind....whileastoreownerenquiredintowhethertheywere"goodforit".(Para.2)Meaning:...whileastoreownertriedtodiscoverwhethertheywereworthgivingcredit/trusting.Igaveasighofrelief."Yourdaddyisalwaysgoodforit."Heturnedtothefarmer."ThishereisoneofJamesWilliams'sons.Theybrokethemoldwhentheymadethatman."(Para.4)Theybrokethemoldwhentheymadesomeone/somethingisanexpressionthatpeopleusewhentheywanttosaythatsomeoneorsomethingisveryspecialandthatthereisnotanotherpersonorthinglikethem.AsIheavedtheheavyfreightintothebedofthetruck,Ididsowithease,feelinglikeastrongermanthantheonethatleftthefarmthatmorning.(Para.6)Meaning:AsImovedthegoodsIboughttothetruck,Ididitwithoutanydifficulty.IfeltasifIweremuchstrongerthanIwaswhenIleftthefarmthatmorning.Ihaddiscoveredthatagoodnamecouldfurnishacapitalofgoodwillofgreatvalue.EveryoneknewwhattoexpectfromaWilliams:adecentpersonwhokepthiswordandrespectedhimselftoomuchtodowrong.(Para.6)Myfamily'sgoodnamedidpavethewayforme.(Para.12)Meaning:Myfamily'sgoodnameindeedmadeitpossibleformetosucceedinmybusinessandinlifeaswell.第二单元DickensmighthavecreatedCharlieChaplin'schildhood.(Para.1)Meaning:Whenhewasachild,CharlieChaplinlivedingreatpoverty,whichwaslikethemiserydescribedinDickens'novels.mighthaveV-ed:usedtosaythatsomethingwaspossibleinthepast,butitdidnotinfacthappenTheplanmighteasilyhavegonewrong,butinfactitwasagreatsuccess.这个可能很容易失败，可事实上却非常成功。Theymighthavechosenanyoneforthejob,buttheypickedme.他们也许可以选择其他任何人做这工作，可是他们选择了我。...haveprovidedmoreapplause(andprofit)whereChaplinisconcernedthanthelandofhisbirth.(Para.2)Meaning:...Chaplinwasmoresuccessfulinothercountriesthaninhismotherland....Chaplin'scomicbeggardidn'tseemallthatEnglishorevenworking-class.(Para.3)Meaning:...Chaplin'samusingcharacter,thebeggar,wasn'tlikeanEnglishmanverymuch,neitherwashelikeaworking-classperson....theTramp'squickeyeforaprettygirlhadacoarsewayaboutitthatwasconsidered,well,notquitenicebyEnglishaudiences—that'showforeignersbehaved,wasn'tit?(Para.3)Meaning:...IntheeyesofEnglishaudiences,onlyforeignpeoplelookedatprettygirlsinsuchacrudewayastheTrampdid.Butforoverhalfofhisscreencareer,ChaplinhadnoscreenvoicetoconfirmhisBritishnationality.(Para.3)Meaning:SincemorethanhalfoftherolesChaplinplayedwereinsilentfilms,thereforetherewasnowaytoconfirmthathewasBritish.Healreadyhadtheurgetoexploreandextendatalenthediscoveredinhimselfashewentalong.(Para.5)Meaning:Hethenhadastrongdesiretofurtherdiscoveranddevelophistalentasheprogressedinhiscareer.LifelessobjectsespeciallyhelpedChaplinmake"contact"withhimselfasanartist.(Para.6)Meaning:ForChaplin,everydaythingswereespeciallyusefulinhiscreations.Thetwowerehardtocombineandsometimes—asinhisearlymarriages—thecollisionbetweenthemresultedindisaster.(Para.7)Meaning:It'sdifficulttodealwiththeconflictbetweenthedesireforloveandthefearofbetrayalandsometimes,asinhisearlymarriages,itledtopersonalmisfortune.It'sarelieftoknowthatlifeeventuallygaveCharlieChaplinthestabilityandhappinessithadearlierdeniedhim.(Para.8)Meaning:Wearehappytolearnthatinspiteofhisearlymisfortuneshefinallyfoundthewomanwhobroughthimthestabilityandhappinessinhislaterlife.InOonaO'NeillChaplin,hefoundapartnerwhosestabilityandaffectionspannedthe37yearsagedifferencebetweenthem...(Para.8)Meaning:WhenChaplinchoseOonaO'Neillashiswife,hefoundloyaltyandlove,despitea37-yearagedifferencebetweenthem...ThepolicerecovereditwithmoreefficiencythanMackSennett'sclumsyKeystoneCopswouldhavedone...(Para.9)Meaning:ThepolicefoundChaplin'sbodymuchmorequicklythanthesillypolicemeninMackSennett'scomedieswouldhave...KeystoneCopsrefertoagroupofpoliceofficerswhoappearedinMackSennett'sfilmsfrom1914totheearly1920s.Theymadealotofmistakesanddidstupidbutfunnythings.Ms.Mbogolaunchedherdreamofacareerinpoliticsin1992byrunningfortheEmbuCouncil,facingtheobstaclesthatoftentroubleAfricanwomenrunningforpoliticaloffice.(Para.3)Meaning:Ms.Mbogobeganherpoliticalcareerin1992byrunningfortheEmbuCouncil.ShefacedthedifficultiesthatAfricanwomenoftenhavetofacewhentheyrunforpoliticaloffice.Itwastheanswertomyprayersbecauseitseemedtobeavictoryoverthisideathat'womencan'tlead'.(Para.5)Meaning:"Ihadlonghopedthatwomencouldplayaroleinpoliticallife,andhervictoryappearedtoovercometheideathat'womencan'tbeleaders'."EducationofAfricanwomenhasbecomeatoppriorityforpoliticalactivists.(Para.6)Meaning:OneofthemajortasksofpoliticalactivistsistheeducationofAfricanwomen.Butafterindependence,leadersjealoustoprotecttheirpowershutthemoutofpolitics,asituationrepeatedacrossthecontinent.(Para.8)Meaning:Butafterindependence,maleleaders,whowereafraidoflosingpower,preventedwomenfromenteringpoliticallife.ThatwasalsotrueinotherAfricancountries.Ms.Mbogohasnotmetwiththekindsofabusethatotherfemalepoliticianshavebeensubjectedto,however.(Para.14)Meaning:However,Ms.Mbogohasnotbeentreatedasharshlyasotherfemalepoliticians.Theygiveussomanypromises,buttheydon'tdeliverthegoods.(Para.19)Meaning:Theyhavepromisedusalot,buttheyhaven'tkepttheirpromises.第三单元Facedwithsharingadinnerofrawpetfoodwiththecat,manypeopleinwheelchairsIknowbleedthesystemforafewextradollars.(Para.1)Meaning:Whentheyhavetoshareuncookedpetfoodwiththecat,manyofthepeopleinwheelchairslieabouttheirstateoflifeinordertogetextramoneyfromwelfaregivers.Ihaveoptedtolivealifeofcompletehonesty.Soinstead,Igooutanddrumupsomebusinessanddrawcartoons.(Para.2)Meaning:Ihavechosentoliveacompletelyhonestlife.SoIdon'tlietogetextrawelfaremoney,butgooutandtryhardtogetsomebusinessanddrawcartoons.Oh,I'mtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.(Para.2)Meaning:Ifeeladesiretomakemoneysecretly,ortobepaidwithoutbeingknowntoothers.Theexpression"underthetable"isusedmainlyinAmericanEnglish;thecorrespondingBritishexpressionis"underthecounter".ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.(Para.2)Meaning:ButevenifIgaveintothattemptationandwantedtobepaidwithoutbeingknowntocaseworkers,bigmagazinesIamworkingforwon'tagreetogetthemselvesintotroublebytellingliesformysake.A"stickysituation"isasituationthatisdifficulttodealwith.Deepdown,caseworkersknowthattheyarebeingmadefoolsofbymanyoftheirclients,andtheyfeeltheyareentitledtohaveclientsbowtothemascompensation.(Para.3)Meaning:Intheirtruefeelings,caseworkersknowthattheirclientsarefoolingthemforextramoney,and,inreturn,theyfeeltheyhavetherighttogetthesewelfareclientstobowtothem.I'mnotbeingbitter.(Para.3)Meaning:Iamnotfeelingangryonpurpose.Notethatthestructure"bebeinga./n."isusedtotalkaboutactionandbehavior.Twomoreexamples:You'rebeingstupid.(=You'redoingstupidthings.)Iwasbeingverycareful.(=Iwasdoingsomethingverycarefully.)Thiswasmycuetobeg.(Para.7)Meaning:Thiswasasignalformetoaskforforgiveness.Suzannetriestolecturemeaboutrepairstomywheelchair,whichisalwaysbreakingdownbecausewelfarewon'tspendmoneymaintainingitproperly.(Para.9)Meaning:Suzannetriestocriticizemeaboutrepairstomywheelchair,whichalwaysfailstoworkbecausewelfarewon'tgivemethemoneytomakeregularrepairstokeepitinpropercondition.Shewassupposedtonotifythemedicalworker,whowouldcertifythattherewasaproblem.(Para.12)Meaning:Shehadaresponsibilitytotellthemedicalworkeraboutmyproblem.Themedicalworkerwouldprovethattheproblemistrue.Sheneverfoundanything,buttherewasalwaysathickpileofformstofilloutattheendofeachvisit,accountingforeverypenny.(Para.13)Meaning:Althoughsheneverfoundanything,IhadtofilloutalotofformsattheendofhereachvisittoexplainhowIgotandspentmymoney.Thereneedstobealawyerwhocanactasachampionfortherightsofwelfareclients,becausethesystemsoeasilylendsitselftoabusebythewelfaregiversaswellasbytheclients.(Para.15)Meaning:Welfareclientsneedalawyerwhocanenthusiasticallysupport,defendandfightfortheirrights,asthesystemcanbesoeasilyabusedbybothsides—thewelfaregiversandtheclients.Theword"there"isfollowedbytheverb"need".Someotherverbscanalsobeusedthisway.Forexample:Thereseemstobesomeproblems.Couldyoubequiet?Therehappenstobealecturegoingon.Theretendstobejealousywhenanewlittlebrotherorsistercomesalong.InasmalltowninGermanythereoncelivedapoorshoemaker.Thereremainsnothingmoretobedone.Suddenlythereenteredastrangefiguredressedallinblack.Therefollowedanuncomfortablesilence.Withsomeverbs(e.g.say,think,feel,report,understand,presume),thepassivestructureispossiblewith"there".Therearethoughttobemorethan3,000differentlanguagesintheworld.TherewassaidtobedisagreementbetweenthePrimeMinisterandtheHomeSecretary.Somedaypeoplelikemewillthriveunderanewsystemthatwillencouragethem,notseektoconvictthemofcheating.(Para.17)Meaning:Onedayinthefuture,disabledpeoplelikemelivingonwelfarewilldowellandbesuccessfulinanewsystemthatencouragesitsclientsinsteadofseekingtoprovethemtobecheating.Thestacksofpaperborewitnesstoahugeamountofworkwaitingtobedone...(Para.1)Meaning:Thepilesofpapershowthatthereisagreatamountofworkformetodo...Irememberfeelingannoyedatthisdensecollectionofhumanity.(Para.2)Meaning:IrememberIwasslightlyangryandunhappyatseeingsuchalargecrowdoftourists....theblindmansaid,"ThemusicseemsoutoftunetoourWesternears,butithascharm.Pleasedescribethemusicians."(Para.7)Meaning:...theblindmansaidthatalthoughitseemedtoWesternersthemusiciansdidn'tproduceexactlytherightmusicalnotes,themusicwasstillpleasantandattractive.Heaskedthewritertotellhimwhatthemusicianswerelike....andIexcusedmyselfandwenttotalktothetheatermanager.(Para.16)Meaning:...andIsaidinapolitewaytomycompanionthatIshouldleaveforawhileandwenttotalktothetheatermanager.Alumpformedinmythroat.(Para.17)Meaning:Ifeltthesceneverytouching.Hehadhelpedmelifttheveilthatgrowssoquicklyoveroureyesinthisbusyworld,toseeawholenewrealmI'dfailedtoappreciatebefore.(Para.19)Meaning:Hehelpedmerealizehowthisbusyworldhadblindedmetoalotofbeautifulthings.第四单元Placesthatuntilrecentlyweredeafanddumbarerapidlyacquiringup-to-datetelecommunicationsthatwillletthempromotebothinternalandforeigninvestment.(Para.1)Moderncommunications"willgivecountrieslikeChinaandVietnamahugeadvantageovercountriesstuckwitholdtechnology".(Para.2)Meaning:ModerncommunicationswillgivecountrieslikeChinaandVietnamamuchbetteropportunitytosucceedthancountriesthatstillmustuseoldtechnology.Butitseconomyisstuckinrecessionanditbarelyhasthemoneytoevenscratchthesurfaceoftheproblem.(Para.4)Meaning:Butitseconomyisslowingdownandithasalmostnomoneytosolveevenasmallpartoftheproblem.Tofurtherreducethewaitinglistforphones,HungaryhasleasedrightstoaDutch-Scandinaviangroupofcompaniestobuildandoperatewhatitsayswillbeoneofthemostadvanceddigitalmobilephonesystemsintheworld.(Para.7)Meaning:Tofurtherreducethenumberofpeoplewaitingforphones,HungaryhassignedanagreementtoallowaDutch-Scandinaviangroupofcompaniestobuildandoperatewhatwillprobablybeoneoftheworld'smostadvanceddigitalmobilephonesystems.WirelessdemandandusagehavealsoexplodedacrosstheentirewidthandbreadthofLatinAmerica.(Para.8)Meaning:ThereisagreatincreaseinthepopularityofmobilephonesalloverLatinAmerica.Thephrase"thewidthandbreadthof"means"theentireextentofsomething".Anotherphrasethatisjustascommonis"thelengthandbreadthof".Theheroestraveledthelengthandbreadthoftheland,rightingwrongsandhelpingpeopleinneed.英雄闯遍天下，铲除不平，救助危难。Ihavetoldyouthelengthandbreadthofwhathappened.我已告诉你发生的一切。Forwirelessphoneserviceproviders,nowhereisbusinessbetterthaninLatinAmerica—havinganoperationthereislikehavinganendlesspileofmoneyatyourdisposal.(Para.8)Meaning:Forwirelessphoneserviceproviders,businessismoreprofitableinLatinAmericathananywhereelse,andifyouhavebusinessinthatmarket,youaresuretomakealotofmoney.Whilenearlyeveryonehasheardoftheinformationsuperhighway,evenexpertsdifferonexactlywhatthetermmeansandwhatthefutureitpromiseswilllooklike.(Para.4)Meaning:Whilealmosteveryoneknowssomethingabouttheinformationsuperhighway,evenexpertshavedifferentideasaboutwhatthetermreallymeansandwhatitwillbringaboutinthefuture.Directingtheunionaretechnologicaladvancesthathavemadeiteasiertostoreandrapidlytransmitinformationintohomesandoffices.(Para.5)Meaning:Itistechnologicaldevelopmentsthatarecontrollingandguidingtheunion.Thesetechnologicaldevelopmentshavemadeiteasiertostoreinformationandsendinformationquicklyintohomesandoffices.However,inaneraofsmallerbudgets,theUnitedStatesgovernmentisunlikelytocomeupwiththemoneyneededduringthenext20yearstoconstructthesuperhighway.(Para.10)Meaning:However,theUnitedStatesislimitedbysmallerbudgetsandisunlikelytoprovidethemoneyneededduringthenext20yearstobuildthesuperhighway.Thatleavesprivateindustry—computer,phone,andcablecompanies—tomoveintothevacuumleftbythegovernment'sabsence.(Para.11)Meaning:Becausethegovernmentisunlikelytoprovidethemoneyneededtoconstructthesuperhighway,privateindustry—computer,phone,andcablecompanies—willplaytheleadingroleinstead.Ifleftinthehandsofprivateenterprise,thedatahighwaycouldbecomelittlemorethanasyntheticuniversefortherich,...(Para.11)Meaning:"Ifthedataweretobecontrolledbyprivateenterprise,thedatahighwaymightonlybeaccessiblebythewealthy,"...Thecompaniesdeniedtheywereavoidingthepoor,butconcededthatthewealthywouldlikelybethefirsttobenefit.(Para.14)Meaning:Thecompaniessaidthattheywerenotsimplydevelopingservicesforrichpeople,buttheyadmittedthatrichpeoplewouldlikelybethefirsttoenjoythebenefitsoftheirservices.Advocatesforthepoorwantthecompaniesbuildingthedatahighwaytodevoteaportionoftheirprofitstoinsuringuniversalaccess.(Para.15)Meaning:Thosewhobelievepoorpeoplemustalsohaveaccesstohightechnologywantthecompaniesbuildingthedatahighwaytocontributesomeoftheirprofitstomakinguniversalaccesspossible.第五单元Lonelinessmaybeasortofnationaldiseasehere,andit'smoreembarrassingforustoadmitthananyothersin.(Para.2)Meaning:LonelinessmaybeakindoftypicalAmericanillnessandAmericansfeelmoreembarrassedtoadmitthisthananyotherproblem.Heretheword"disease"isusedfiguratively,meaningsomethingunpleasant,usuallyonethatagroupofpeoplehave.Ontheotherhand,tobealoneonpurpose,havingrejectedcompanyratherthanbeencastoutbyit,isonecharacteristicofanAmericanhero.(Para.2)Meaning:Ontheotherhand,thedeliberatechoiceofsolitudebyrefusingcompanionsinsteadofbeingexcludedbyothersisonespecialqualityofanAmericanhero.Thoreau,aloneinhiscabinonthepond,hisbackdeliberatelyturnedtothetown.Now,that'scharacterforyou.(Para.2)Meaning:Thoreaustayedaloneinhiscabinonthepond,intentionallyrejectinglifewithothersinthetown.Now,thisisthelifestyleforyou.Inspirationinsolitudeisamajorcommodityforpoetsandphilosophers.They'reallforit.(Para.3)Meaning:Inspirationinsolitudeissomethingusefulforpoetsandphilosophers.Theyareallinfavorofit.Theyallspeakhighlyofthemselvesforseekingitout...(Para.3)Meaning:Theyallhaveahighopinionofthemselvesfordiscoveringinspirationinsolitude...Nodoubtaboutit,solitudeisimprovedbybeingvoluntary.(Para.5)Meaning:Undoubtedly,onecanfindpleasureinlivingaloneiftheychooseitaccordingtotheirownfreewill.Then,ratherthantroubletoputitinhisownhandwriting,hecallsthegirlstocomebackandwriteitdownwhilehedictates.(Para.6)Meaning:Then,insteadofwritingitdownhimself,heasksthegirlstocomebackandhespeaksitaloudtothemsothattheycanwriteitdown.TheAmericanhighpriestofsolitudewasThoreau.(Para.8)Meaning:TheAmericanrepresentativefigureofthesolitarywayoflifeisThoreau.A"highpriest"isapersonwhohasaleadershippositioninacertainfield.Listentohim:"Ineverfoundthecompanionthatwassocompanionableassolitude."(Para.9)Meaning:Listentowhathesays:"Solitudecanbeaspleasanttobewithasacompanion."Perhapsthere'samessagehere:Thelargertheego,thelesstheneedforotheregosaround.Themoremodestandhumblewefeel,themorewesufferfromsolitude,feelingourselvesinadequatecompany.(Para.10)It'sthedailysuccessionofsmallcomplaintsandobservationsandopinionsthatbacksupandchokesus.(Para.12)Meaning:It'sthedailyseriesofcomplaintsandobservationsandviewsthatoverwhelmusandmakeusfeeluneasy.Afterall,hereweare.Itmaynotbewhereweexpectedtobe,butforthetimebeingwemightaswellcallithome.Anyway,thereisnoplacelikehome.(Para.16)Meaning:Wemaynotbecontentwiththeconditionwearenowin,butatpresentthereisnoharmincallingtheplacewherewenowlivehome.Sheandherroommatesilentlywarredovermattersrangingfromwhenthelightsshouldbeturnedofftohowthefurnitureshouldbearranged.(Para.1)Meaning:Sheandherroommatehaddifferentopinionaboutmanythings,suchaswhentoturnoffthelightsandhowtoarrangethefurnitureintheroom.Finally,theydividedtheroomintwoandgaveuponoralcommunication,communicatingprimarilythroughshortnotes.(Para.1)Meaning:Atlast,theydividedtheroomintwoandstoppedtalkingtoeachother,communicatingmainlythroughshortnotes.Whenpersonalitiesdon'tmix,theexcitementofbeingawayatcollegecanquicklygrowstale.(Para.4)Meaning:Ifthepersonalitiesoftworoommatesconflict,problemsmayarisebetweenthem,whichquicklymakestheexcitementofleavinghomeandlivingoncampusdisappear.Althoughtheydidn'tsawtheroominhalf,nearyear'send,thet