中国餐桌礼仪 Chinese table manners(课堂PPT)

Chinesefoodisfamousaroundtheworld.IfyouareinChinaandgooutwithyourChinesefriendtoadinner,youmaywanttoknow……*TableMannersinChina----ByJoannaLiu*SeatingBeforedinnerTablewareFoodEatingetiquetteDrinks&toastSmokingPayforbillInvitedtoafriend’shome*SeatingInChina,it’snecessarytoknowhowtopickupyourseatatthetable.Ifyouarenotsurewhattodo,justwaitthehosttotell.*Differentfromthewestern,tablesinChinaareusuallyround.Normally,theseatfacingthedoor(seat1)isforthehostorthehostess.*Atasmalltable,theseatrightacrossofthehostseat,thebackofwhichisfacingthedoor(seat2),istheseatforthemainguest.*Butwhenit’sabiggertable,thehostorhostessandmainguestcanjustsitsidebysidetomakeiteasierforthemtotalk.(seat3or4forthemainguest.)*BeforedinnerTheelderlyorguest(s)ofhonourareusuallythefirsttostartthemeal.Beforethat,youhavetowait.Beforedinner,you’llbeservedbyacupoftea.*TeaTeaisforrinsingthemouth,whichmeansmakingyourmouthreadyforeating.*TablewareDifferentfromthewest,Chinesefoodisusuallycutintopropersizeswhencooking,soyoudon’thavetousefolksorknivestoeatthem.Asaresult,you’llusedifferenttablewarewhenyouenjoyChinesefood.*TablewareTablesettingChopsticks*Tablesetting*Tablesetting*Tablesetting*ChopsticksChopsticksisthemaintoolforeating.*ChopsticksChopsticksshouldalwaysbeheldcorrectly,i.e.betweenthethumbandfirsttwofingersoftherighthand.*ChopsticksChopsticksaretraditionallyheldintherighthandonly,evenfortheleft-handed.Oneexplanationforthetreatmentofsuchusageasimproperisthatwithintheconfinesofaroundtablethismaybeinconvenient.*Here’ssomeothertipsforusingchopstickscorrectly.*TipsforusingchopsticksWhennotinuse,chopsticksmustalwaysbeplacedneatlyonthetablewithtwostickslyingtidilynexttoeachotheratbothends.Crossingthemisrude.*TipsforusingchopsticksNeverpointthechopsticksatanotherperson.Thisamountstoinsultingthatperson.*TipsforusingchopsticksNeversuckthechopsticks.*TipsforusingchopsticksNeverbangchopstickslikedrumsticks.Thisisakintotellingothersatthetableyouareabeggar.*TipsforusingchopsticksDecidewhattopickupbeforereachingwithchopsticks,insteadofhoveringthemoverorrummagingthroughdishes.*TipsforusingchopsticksWhenpickingupapieceoffood,neverusethetipsofyourchopstickstopokethroughthefoodaswithafork;exceptionsincludetearingapartlargeritemssuchasvegetables.*TipsforusingchopsticksNeverstabchopsticksverticallyintoabowlofrice,asthisresemblesincensesticksusedattemplestopayrespectstothedeceased.Thisisconsideredtheultimatedinnertablefauxpas.*TipsforusingchopsticksDon’tusechopstickstomovebowlorplate.*TipsforusingcommunalchopsticksWhentherearecommunalchopsticks,usethemtotransferfoodfromacommondishtoone'sownplateorbowl.*Whencommunalchopsticksarenotprovided,itisconsideredpolite(andsanitary)tousethebluntendofone'sownchopstickstoserveaguestbytransferringfoodfromthecommondishtoaguest'splateorbowl.*FoodThemaindifferencebetweenChineseandwesteatinghabits,whereeveryonehastheirownplateoffood,isthatinChinathedishesareplacedonthetableandeverybodyshares.*FoodIfyouarebeingtreatedbyaChinesehost,bepreparedforatonoffood.●Chineseareveryproudoftheircultureoffoodandwilldotheirbesttogiveyouatasteofmanydifferenttypesofcuisine.*FoodAmongfriends,theywilljustorderenoughforthepeoplethere.Usuallytheywillorderonemoredishthanthenumberofguests(e.g.fourpeople,fivedishes).*FoodIfitisabusinessdinneroraveryformaloccasion,thereislikelytobeahugeamountoffoodthatwillbeimpossibletofinish.*FoodAtypicalChinesemealconsistsof:ColddishesMaincoursesSoupThestarchy“staple”foodSnackanddessertFruit*ColddishesAtypicalmealstartswithsomecolddishes,likeboiledpeanuts,smashedcucumber,reddates&beansandChickenLegs.They’relikeappetizerinthewest.*ColddishesColddishesareusuallyservedbeforedinner,butdon’teatbeforedinnerstart.*MaindishesColddishesarefollowedbythemaincourses,hotmeatandvegetabledishes.Pork&beef*MaindishesMeatballs*MaindishesChicken&duck*MaindishesVegetable*MaindishesSeafood*SoupThen,soupisbroughtout.*Thestarchy“staple”foodSoupisfollowedbythestarchy"staple"food,whichisusuallyriceornoodlesorsometimesdumplings.*Thestarchy“staple”foodManyChineseeatrice(ornoodlesorwhatever)last,butifyouliketohaveyourricetogetherwithotherdishes,youshouldsaysoearlyon.*SnacksanddessertSometimesthey’llbereplacedbysnacksanddessertlikebaozi,dabingorcakes.*FruitSometimes,somefruitwillbeserved.*EatingetiquetteGenerally,ChinesetablemannersaremoreinformalthantheWest,althoughtherearemorerulesconcerninginteractionswithotherguests.*EatingetiquetteChinesetrendtotalkloudlyduringthedinneranddifferentfromthewest,talkingwithafullmouthisusuallyallowedthoughsomepeoplethinkitisimpolite.Besides,whenyouareeatingordrinking,makesomesoundisallowed.Butplacethechinabowlsandplatesquietly。*EatingetiquetteEatingwiththeelbowsonthetableisallowed.Belchisnotgoodbutyoudon’thavetoavoiditintentionally.Wheneatingfoodthatcontainsbones,itiscustomarythatthebonesbespatoutontothediningplateinaneatpile.Spittingontothefloorisalmostneveracceptable.*Drinks&toastDrinksplaysanimportantroleinChinesefoodculture.DrinksPouringToast*DrinksUsually,bothharddrinkandbeverageareservedthroughoutthemeal.Itiscustomaryforthehosttoinsistthatguestsdrinkto"showfriendship."Iftheguestsprefersnottodrink,theymaysay,"I'munabletodrink,butthankyou."[inChinese:"Wobunenghejiu,xiexie."]*DrinksThehostmaycontinuetoinsistthattheguestsdrink,andtheguestsmaylikewisecontinuetoinsistuponbeing"unable"todrink.Thehost'sinsistanceistoshowgenerosity.Therefore,refusalbytheguestsshouldbemadewithutmostpoliteness.*DrinksCommonharddrinksindinner:BaijiuHuangjiuWine&beer*BaijiuBaijiu,orshaojiu(烧酒)isaChinesedistilledalcoholicbeverage.Thenamebaijiuliterallymeans"whitespirits".Itisusuallydistilledfromsorghum,glutinousrice,orwheat.Baijiuhasagreaterproportionofalcoholthanhuangjiuandwine.Andit’susuallydrankwithsmallercups.*HuangjiuHuangjiuisaspecialChinesealcoholicdrink.Itliterallymeans“yellowwine".Itismadeofricewithoutbeingdistilled.Andithasaloweralcoholicstrength(usuallyabout20%).*Wine&beerAsinternationaldrinks,wineandbeerarealsoserved.AndwineispopularinChinanow,especiallyamongladies.Beerisusuallyservedinsummer.*PouringThehostshouldpourfortheguestsandalwaysmakesureeveryone'scupsarenotemptyforlongtoshowhospitality.Oneshouldnotpourforoneself,butifthirstyoneshouldfirstoffertopourforaneighbor.*PouringWhenyourdrinkisbeingpoured,youshouldsay"thankyou".Butifyoudon’twanttodrinkanymore,youcouldsay“haohaohao”or“goulegoule”tostoppouring.*ToastDuringthemeal,wemaketoaststomakeafriendlyatmosphere.Toastmeansclinkingtherimofeachother’sglassesandsaying“ganbei”.*ToastUsually,thehostsproposeatoasttoalltheguestsandeveryone“ganbei”together.Sometimes,theyoungerorjuniorguestsmaketoaststotheelderlyorsenior.Infact,Ifaguestdrinksalcohol,theguestwillbeexpected[ifnotforced]todrinkaglassofthesamealcoholwitheachsuperioratthattable,andpossiblyatothertablestoo.*SmokingSmokingiscustomarywhendining,andthehostwilloftenpassoutcigarettestoall[men]aroundthetable.Iftheguestprefersnottosmoke,she/heshouldpolitelyrefuse(onewouldsay,"Wobuchouyen,xiexie").*PayforbillPeoplewillpaythebillafterthemeal.Onpaying,fifty-fiftyisnotwell-accepted.Ifyouwanttoshowyourhospitality,youcantreatthehosttodinnernexttime.*Invitedtoafriend’shomeYoudon’thavetoobeyalltheruleswhenyouareinvitedtohavedinnerinafriend’shome.Makeyourselfathomeandyoucanaskwhenyoudon’tknowwhattodo.Justrememberthefollowingtips.*Tips1,Agiftisgood,butnotnecessary.2,Thetablemaybesquare.Andtheseatfacingthedoorisstillforthehost(theseniorinthefamily,usuallythefather).3,Talkduringthedinner.4,You’llhaveabowl(forriceandfood),aspoon(forsoup)andchopsticksonly.Remembertheusageofchopsticksmentionedbefore.*ThelastadviceIfyoudon’tknowanythingorforgeteverythingabouttablemanners,youcanapologizebeforethemealandobeyinternationalrules.MostChinesewillbeunderstanding.*Thankyou!EnjoydeliciousChinesefood!*