2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习周末培优第05周动词的时态和语态含解析新人教版

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习周末培优第05周动词的时态和语态含解析新人教版 I.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(每小题0.5分，共5分) 1.（2017·新课标卷I）I__________( work )with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. 2. （2017·新课标卷I·语法填空）When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. 3. （2017·新课标卷II·语法填空）Steam engines ___ __(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 4. （2017·新课标卷II） Scientists __________(find) that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked . 5. （2017·新课标卷II） Inventors _________( try)to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. 6. It was raining lightly when I ________ (arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn. 7. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ________ (leave)． 8. While making great efforts to run away，she ________ (fall)over the hill and died. 9. It is reported that a space station ________ (build)on the moon in years to come. 10. In the last few years，China ________ (make) great achievements in environmental protection. 【参考答案】 1.work 2. are removed 3. were used 4. have found 5. have been trying 6.arrived　 7.was left　 8.fell　 9.will be built　 10.has made　 Ⅱ.单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.As soon as he comes back, I'll tell him when ___________ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D.do you come 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态和语序。可知， when所引导的是宾语从句而不是状语从句，表示将来的意义，要用将来时态，而且用陈述语序。故选A。 2.—Phew! Have you been smoking again? Your breath smells terrible. —Well, I__________ a cigarette in the car on the way home. A. had had B. had C.am having D. will have 【答案】B 3.Mr. Wang gave us a lecture the other day, of which most _________ about how the ancient city was discovered. A. was B. were C. had been D. have been 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：不久前的一天王老师给我们做了一个讲座，其中大部分是关于这座古城是如何被发现的。根据句意可知此处应用一般过去时，且非限制性定语从句的主语most of which中的which代指先行词a lecture，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式was，故选A。 4.Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy. A.is fixing on B.is being fixed on C. has fixed on D. had been fixed on 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句子主语the world’s attention与fix on之间是被动关系，故排除A、C两项；再根据Now可知，应用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：现在，全世界的注意力都集中在股市上，因为它们对世界经济的影响是巨大的。故选B。 5.–Nancy doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her? --She has a terrible headache because she __________ too long. She should stop to have a good rest. A. has been working B. had worked C.is working D. was working 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态。句意：——Nancy看起来不舒服。她怎么了？——因为她写东西时间太长了，一直头疼。她应该停下来休息一下。从She should stop to have a good rest.可知，她从过去到现在一直在工作，可能还要继续下去，应该用现在完成进行时。故选A。 6.Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ______ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come 【答案】C 7.Silk___________ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. A. had become B. was becoming C. has become D. is becoming 【答案】A 【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:到大约公元前100年,丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上最主要的交易商品之一。根据句意及by about 100 BC可知,become的动作发生在过去的过去,故选过去完成时。 8.—Hi, Lily. Don’t forget to watch I’m a Singer at 20: 10 this Friday! —What a pity! I___________ in a plane to Hainan for a meeting then. A. will sit B. will be sitting C.am sitting D. sit 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：——喂， Lily。不要忘了观看本周五晚上八点十分的《我是歌手》! ——太可惜啦! 那时我正坐着飞往海南的飞机去开会呢。根据then可知此处为将来时， 联系上句中的时间状语可推知，这里表示在将来某个时间正在进行的动作，故用将来进行时，故答案为B。 9.—Hi, Mr. Smith. Which department do you work in? —I am in the Marketing Department now, but I___________in the Sales Department before long. A. worked B. will work C. have worked D. will have worked 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：——你好, Smith先生。你在哪个部门工作? ——我现在在市场部，但我不久就要到销售部工作。根据before long推知此处表将来的动作，故选项B正确。 10.—What were you up to when your parents came in? —I_________ and__________ some reading. A. was playing; was going to do B. played; did C. have played; was going to do D. had played; did 【答案】A III.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Your house may have an effect on your figure . Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off . You can make your environment work for you instead of against you . Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.z*xxk Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places-and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness. Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites . In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room . Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue. Don’t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal. Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass. 1.The text is especially helpful for those who care about_______. A. their home comforts B. their body shape C. house buying D. healthy diets 2.A home environment in blue can help people_________. A. digest food better B. reduce food intake C. burn more calories D. regain their appetites 3.What are people advised to do at mealtimes? A. Eat quickly. B. Play fast music. C. Use smaller spoons. D. Turn down the lights. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Is Your House Making You Fat? B. Ways of Serving Dinner C. Effects of Self-Consciousness D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing? 【文章大意】文章讲述了如何科学的自己的房间内部的颜色、装饰等来达到减少食物的摄入量，从而让自己保持自己喜欢的体形。 4.A 【解析】标题推断题。本文分析了我们如何通过改善室内的陈述及就餐时的器具等来达到节食的目的，故A项符合题意。 IV. 完形填空(每小题1分，共20分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 　1　at work in people of all　2　. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 　3　with their new toys. But their 　4　soon wears off and by January those 　5　toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 　6　stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone's 　7　interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 　8　bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 　9　of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 　10　but are soon looking forward to 　11　.The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 　12　, who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, 　13　drove for hours at a time when they first 　14　their driver's licenses(执照)?Before people retire, they usually 　15　to do a lot of　16　things, which they never had 　17　to do while working. But 　18　after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 　19　.And, like the child in January, they go searching for new　20　. 1.A.principle B. habit C. way D. power 2.A.parties B. races C. countries D. ages 3.A.working B. living C. playing D. going 4.A.confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 5.A.same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 6.A.well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled 7.A.broad B. passing C. different D. main 8.A.silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly 9.A.promise B. burden C. right D. game 10.A.courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 11.A.graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 12.A.children B. students C. adults D. retirees 13.A.carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely 14.A.required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered 15.A.need B. learn C. start D. plan 16.A.great B. strange C. difficult D. correct 17.A.time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 18.A.only B. well C. even D. soon 19.A.lost B. chose C. left D. quit 20.A.pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues 【文章大意】本文通过举例说明这样一个道理：各种形式的活动，如果人们经常做，都会产生厌倦情绪。 1.A 其实，我们可从各年龄段的人们身上看到这个准则是如何起作用的。第一段的第一句出现短语As a general rule，本空填principle呼应名词rule。 2.D 各年龄段的人都会产生厌倦情绪。从下文可知，孩子厌倦玩具、少年厌倦高中、青年厌倦大学、成年人厌倦开车、老年人厌倦退休后的生活。因此本空填ages。 3.C 在圣诞节早上，孩子们一开始很喜欢玩(playing)他们的新玩具。 4.B 但是，不久他们对新玩具的兴趣(interest)逐渐消失了。 5.A 到了一月，同样的(same)玩具再也不能吸引孩子们了，他们就把那些玩具收起来了。 6.D 生活中满是装满一半(half-filled)邮票的集邮册和没有完工的模型。后文的＂unfinished＂是关键信息。 13.B 而当他们刚刚拿到驾照时，他们翘首企盼(eagerly)一次开好几个小时。eagerly＂渴望地＂，符合文意。 14.B obtain＂得到＂。这里指考取驾照。 15.D 在退休前，人们通常计划(plan)做很多事情。 16.A 这些事情是他们上班时没有时间做的大事(great things)。 17.A 参见上题解析。他们上班太忙了，没有时间(time)做这些事情。 18.D 但是，退休后不久(soon)，像打高尔夫、钓鱼、阅读及其他所有的消遣方式都变得没有意思了。 19.C 那些消遣方式就像他们刚离开(leave)的工作一样，非常乏味。 20.B 这些退休老人遭遇的处境，就像一月的孩子一样，开始找新玩具(toys)，寻求刺激了。 V.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Getting fit no longer 　1　 (require)a pencil-and-paper workout plan or a food diary. If you're looking for some new and  　2　  (create) ways to improve your health, try Fit Time. It's like your personal trainer. After   　3　  (get) all the information it needs-your height, weight, age, and exercise habits-it gives you a customized training course,   　4　 asks you to work out four times a week for about two   　5　  (month). The exercises focus    　6　 a different part of your body every day. For instance, on Monday, you do push-ups(俯卧撑)to build up your arms, and on Tuesday, you build up  　7　 (strong) in your legs by doing deep knee bends.   　8　 exercise plan changes as time goes by. The best part of this app is that everyone can share   　9　 (they) workout results and follow their training. It is a great way for you and your friends  　10　  (encourage) each other to build strong bodies. 【文章大意】本文介绍了一个帮助减肥的手机app。 1.requires 【解析】考查时态。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，而且讲的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故填requires。Zxx*k 2.creative 【解析】考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词，故填creative。 3.getting 7.strength 【解析】考查名词。此处应该用strong的名词形式作宾语，故填strength。 8.The 【解析】考查定冠词。前面已经出现了一次plan，此处表示特指，故填The。 9.their 【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。此处修饰workout results用形容词性物主代词，故填their。 10.to encourage 【解析】考查不定式。It is a way for sb to do结构，应该用不定式作定语，故填to encourage。 VI.短文改错 (每小题1分，共10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 When Molly's father was about to work, his daughter Molly, aged 8,hand him a bag. The father was in hurry so he didn't know what was inside. While having lunch, he took out the contents:  a plastic dinosaur, a tiny sea shell and three small stone. The busy father smiled, finished eating, and sweeping the desk clean into the dustbin include Molly's junk. This evening, Molly wanted her bag back because she had not made a note into it: I love you, Daddy. The father went to his office hurried, carrying the junk home. He asked Molly to tell her about the junk. It was turned out that everything in the bag had a story. To Molly they were not junk and treasures! 【答案】 When Molly's father was about to work, his daughter Molly, aged 8,  him a bag. The father was in 　hurry so he didn't know what was inside. While having lunch, he took out the contents:  a plastic dinosaur,  a tiny sea shell and three small . The busy father smiled, finished eating, and  the desk clean into the dustbin  Molly's junk.  evening, Molly wanted her bag back because she had not made a note into it: I love you, Daddy. The father went to his office , carrying the junk home. He asked Molly to tell  about the junk. It  turned out that everything in the bag had a story. To Molly they were not junk treasures! 【解析】 第一处：由前面的was判断此处用一般过去时，故把hand改为handed。 第二处：in a hurry是固定搭配，表示＂匆忙＂，故在hurry前加a。 第三处：由前面的three可知，此处用可数名词复数，故把stone改为stones。 第四处：此处与前面的smiled, finished是一系列的动作，也应该是用一般过去时，故把sweeping改为swept。 第五处：由句子结构可知此处使用介词including，表示＂包括＂，故把include改为including。 第六处：此处表示＂那天晚上＂，故把This改为That。 第七处：修饰动词went用副词，故把hurried改为hurriedly。 第八处：此处指代主语he，故把her改为him。 第九处：It turned out that表示＂结果是、被证明是＂，故把was去掉。 第十处：此处表示语义的转折，故把and改为but。