2018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷（答案解析）

2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze1/202018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷(详解)一、单项选择1.A.hashelpedB.willhelpC.helpedD.wouldhelp【答案】【解析】Scientistsarebuildingapowerfulinstrument,whichthemseedeepintospace.B考查一般将来时。句意：科学家们正在建造一套强大的设备，它将帮助科学家们更深入的探索太空。由句意可知，设备未建成，所以在将来才会有帮助，因此使用一般将来时。故选B。2.A.unlessB.whereC.asD.before【答案】【解析】Largegroupsthatwanttovisitthemuseumhavetogetpermissiontheyvisit.D考查连词。句意：想要参观博物馆的大型团队须在参观前获得许可方可参观。unless：除非；where：哪里；as：正如，随着；before：在…之前。故选D。3.A.allowB.allowedC.haveallowedD.hadallowed【答案】【解析】Since18thJanuary,2018,someairlinesinChinamobilephoneuseontheiraircrafts.C考查现在完成时。句意：自从2018年1月18日起，中国的一些航线已经允许在飞机上使用手机。since引导时间，与现在完成时连用。故选C。4.A.addB.addingC.addedD.beingadded【答案】Thedictionaryhas100newwordsintoitslatestedition.C2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze2/20【解析】考查非谓语动词。"100个新词"与add之间为被动关系，新被加入词典中，因此使用过去分词表被动，排除A、B；beingadded表示正在被加入，而干表示已经被加入，排除D，因此选C。5.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whose【答案】【解析】Movingabroadmeansenteringaculturethecustomsandthelanguagearedifferent.A考查定语从句。句意：移居国外以为着融入一种新文化，在这阵文化中习俗和语言较之前完全不同。句中先行词为culture，代指一种抽象的空间、范围，且从句中句子成分完整，因此使用关系副词where，故选A。6.A.whenB.howC.whyD.if【答案】【解析】—CouldyoutellmethetrainfromNewYorkwillbearrivingontime?—Yes,sir.Itshouldbearrivingin10minutes.D考查宾语从句引导词。句意：—你能告诉我从纽约来的火车是否能准时到达吗？—是的，先生。火车将在十分钟内到达。由句意可知答案选D。7.A.wouldpredictB.hadpredictedC.wouldbepredictedD.hadbeenpredicted【答案】【解析】Thesnowstormseveraldaysbeforeithitthenorthernareas.D考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：在暴风雪袭击北部地区之前几天它就已经被预测到了。predict（预测）这个动作发生在hit（袭击）之前，表示过去的过去，因此用过去完成时。又predict和snowstorm之间为被动关系，暴风雪被预测，因此使用被动语态。故选D。8.A.mayB.mustC.shallD.needInothavehernewtelephonenumber;letmecheck.2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze3/20【答案】【解析】A考查情态动词。句意：我可能没有她的新号码，让我查查看。此处表示一种可能性的推测，使用may，故选A。9.A.howeverB.whereverC.wheneverD.whomever【答案】【解析】OnceJasonbecomesinterestedinsometopic,hecan'thelpthinkingaboutithegoes.B考查让步状语从句。句意：一旦詹森对某个话题产生兴趣，不管走到哪里他都会不停地思考着。however：不管怎样；wherever：无论哪里；whenever：无论何时；whomever：无论谁。故选B。10.A.publishingB.beingpublishedC.tobepublishedD.tohavepublished【答案】【解析】Thebooknextyearissupposedtobeabest-seller.C考查非谓语动词。book与publish之间为被动关系，书被出版，因此使用被动。由句中nextyear可知书是明年被出版，因此用tobepublished表示将要被出版。故选C。11.A.whatB.howC.whenD.why【答案】【解析】Thetroubleiswecanreachtheconferencecenterwithintwentyminutesintherushhour.B考查表语从句连接词。句意：麻烦在于我们如何在高峰期20分钟之内到达会议中心。what：什么；how：如何；when：何时；why：为什么。故选B。12.A.soB.butC.orD.forMikehasn'tappearedfortwoweeks,hisfriendsarewonderingwhathashappenedtohim.2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze4/20【答案】【解析】A考查并列连词。句意：迈克已经两周没有露面儿了，所以他的朋友们都很好奇他到底发生了什么。so：因此，所以；but：但是；or：否则，要不然；for：因为。故选A。13.A.fromB.byC.forD.with【答案】【解析】Electriccarsproduceabout80percentlesspollutionthancarsgas-poweredmotors.D考查介词辨析。句意：电动汽车比用汽油机的汽车少排放80%的污染气体。carswithgas-poweredmotors：使用燃气发动机的汽车，with表示"有，使用"，故选D。14.A.RealizedB.TorealizeC.HavingrealizedD.Havingbeenrealized【答案】【解析】thathehadfallenbehind,Peterstartedtoquickenhispace.C考查非谓语动词。句意：意识到自己落后了，皮特开始奋起急追。此处用现在分词做伴随状语，又realize（意识到）这个动作先于start（开始）发生，因此使用现在分词的完成时形式。故选C。15.A.wereB.wouldbeC.hadbeenD.wouldhavebeen【答案】【解析】Canyouimaginewhatthemodernworldlikewithoutsmartphones?B考查虚拟语气。句意：你能想象出没有智能机的现代世界将会是什么样子吗？由句意可知，句子表达对将来的虚拟，因此用过去将来时，故选B。二、完形填空2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze5/2016.1.2.3.4.MybrotherGenewasfouryearsolderthanme.BythetimeIturnedfour,IwasupsetthathecouldreadbutIcouldn't.Iburnedwith1toreadabooklikemybrother.Ibegged,"Teachmetoread,Mom!Please,please?!"Finally,Momsetasidetimeafterlunch2readinglessons,andsoonaftermyfifthbirthday,Iwasreading.Ilongedformyfather,whowasagreatstoryteller,toreadmethebooksthatIcouldn'tyetreadonmyown.Butmyfatherworkedthreejobstofeedthefamily.Hedidn'thavethetimeor3intheeveningtoreadtome,4,everySundaymorning,mybrotherandIlaynexttohiminbed,waitingforhimtotellstoriesabouthis5.Icanstillhearmyfather'svoice6thecoldwintersonthefamilyfarminPoland.Hisfamilydidn'thaveenoughmoneytoburnwoodinthefireplaceallnight.Hetoldusthathealwaysvolunteeredtohelpwith7.Icansmellthesoupmadebymygrandmaand8myfathercuttingonions,carrotsandtomatoesforsalad,andwhennoonewaslooking,puttingapieceintohismouth,"Iwasalways9,"heexplained.Hearingmyfather'sstories10meclosertothebooksandthestoriestheyheld.OneSaturdayafternoonwhenIwasseven,wewalkedtwoblockstothesmall11inourneighborhood,andmydadfilledoutformsforacard.ThatSaturday12mylife:ImetMrs.Schwartz,thelibrarian,andmydadsaid,"You're13enoughtowalktothelibraryyourself."AndsoIdid—almosteveryafternoon.Inmymind,Mrs.Schwartzwas"thekeeperofbooksandtheguardianofstories".Somedaysshereadaloudtoasmallgroupofus14.Mostoftime,Mrs.Schwartzletme15myselfwithbooksIpulledfromtheshelvesandlookthroughthemtoseewhichonesI'd16out.Irememberthatsometimesshe'd17abookandtellmeapartofthestory.Butshealwaysletmechoose.Booksbecamemy18whoweremycomfortwhenIfeltlonely.Yes,readingchangedme.Itgavemethe19tostudyhardsoIcouldbecomeateacher,andsharemy20ofreadingwithmystudents.Andinsidemyhead,Icanstillhearthevoicesofmymother,father,andMrs.Schwartz,whicharewithmeeverytimeIopenthefirstpageofanewbook.A.angerB.worryC.desireD.interestA.forB.beforeC.inD.untilA.abilityB.ambitionC.courageD.energyA.StillB.ThenC.ThereforeD.Finally2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze6/205.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.【答案】1：2：3：4：5：6：【解析】A.workplaceB.childhoodC.farmlandD.neighborhoodA.explainingB.describingC.introducingD.interpretingA.livingB.readingC.farmingD.cookingA.catchB.discoverC.noticeD.pictureA.busyB.poorC.hungryD.tiredA.laidB.drewC.taughtD.leftA.libraryB.bookstoreC.officeD.clubA.savedB.changedC.testedD.controlledA.nearB.readyC.oldD.freeA.graduatesB.regularsC.candidatesD.communicatorsA.surroundB.familiarizeC.examineD.rewardA.findB.lendC.checkD.signA.writeB.recommendC.studyD.reserveA.teachersB.assistantsC.listenersD.companionsA.driveB.dreamC.orderD.chanceA.lessonB.timeC.loveD.planCADABBDDCBABCBACBDAC考查名词辨析。由下文我乞求妈妈教我读书，可知我非常渴望像哥哥一样能够读书。anger：生气；worry：担心；desire：欲望，渴望；interest：兴趣。故选C。考查介词辨析。setasidetimeforsth.：为某事空出时间。句意：妈妈在午饭后空出时间教我读书。故选A。考查名词辨析。由于爸爸为了养家做了三份工作，所以他没有时间和精力在晚上给我读书。ability：能力；ambition：雄心；courage：勇气；energy：精力。故选D。考查副词辨析。由上文交代可知，爸爸工作很忙，没有时间给我讲故事，尽管如此，每个周末早上我和哥哥仍然躺在爸爸身边，等待他给我们讲故事。still：仍然，还。故选A。考查名词辨析。下文提及作者的奶奶及作者父亲小时候，由此可知，他们等候爸爸给他们讲关于自己童年的故事，childhood：童年。故选B。考查动词辨析。作者在写这篇文章时，回忆起来仍能听到父亲的声音在描述着波兰农场上寒冷的冬天。explain：解释；describe：描述；introduce：介绍；interpret：翻译。故选B。2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze7/207：8：9：10：11：12：13：14：15：16：17：18：19：20：考查动词辨析。由下文"myfathercuttingonion"，可知父亲帮忙做饭，故选D。考查动词辨析。听着父亲讲过去的事情，我能闻到奶奶煮的汤的味道，想象到父亲切洋葱的样子。此处考查picture的熟词生义，表示"想象"。故选D。考查形容词辨析。有上文提到，父亲会趁没人注意的时候把一片吃的放进嘴中，所以此处他解释说，自己总是很饿。故选C。考查动词辨析。听了父亲讲的故事让我更喜欢书和书中的故事了。drawsb.closer：让某人更亲近…，故选B。考查名词辨析。由下文提到librarian（图书管理员），可知父亲带我去了一个小图书馆，故选A。考查动词辨析。由下文可知，父亲带我去图书馆这个事改变了我，让我爱上阅读，并让我成为了一名教师。故选B。考查形容词辨析。由下文可知我几乎每个下午都自己去图书馆，此处父亲对我说，我已经足够大，能自己去图书馆了。故选C。考查名词辨析。有时她会为我们这一小群常客大声阅读。graduate：毕业生；regular：常客；candidate：候选人；communicator：交流者。故选B。考查动词辨析。由句意可知，大多数时间，施瓦兹女士会让我把书架上的书放在自己的周围（surround）。surround：围绕，包围；familiarize：熟悉；examine：检查；reward：回报。故选A。考查动词辨析。由句意可知，大多数时间，施瓦兹女士会让我把书架上的书放在自己的周围，翻看一遍，看看那些是我要借的。checkout：借出（图书）。故选C。考查动词辨析。她有时会向我推荐一本书，并告诉我书中的部分内容。write：写；recommend：推荐；study：研究，学习；reserve：预定。故选B。考查名词辨析。由定语从句部分可知，书籍已经变成了孤单时陪伴我的伙伴。teacher：教师；assistant：助手；listener：听众；companion：伙伴，朋友。故选D。考查名词辨析。由上文可知作者非常热爱读书，所以书籍给了作者努力学习的动力。drive：内驱力，推动力；dream：梦想；order：预定；chance：机会。故选A。考查名词辨析。现在我成为了一名教师，和学生们分享着我对图书的那份热爱。故选C。2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze8/20三、阅读理解17.A.B.C.（1）DearSir,ThereisaplantobuildanewsupermarketontheedgeoftheWhitefieldshousingestate（住宅区）,onthelandwherethelocallibrarynowis.IliveatWhitefields,andIwouldliketoexpressmyconcernaboutthisplan.ItisnotthatIamcompletelyagainsttheideaofbuildingasupermarket—Ijustthinkthatasacommunity（社区）weneedtoweighuptheadvantagesanddisadvantagesbeforecommittingourselves.Itisclearthatthelibraryisunder-usedandinpoorcondition.Itisalsoclearthatthereareveryfewshopsnearhereandasupermarketwouldbeagoodthingtohave.Butthepeoplewhowanttobuildthesupermarketseemtothinkthatnoonewantsthelibraryanymore,andthatitisn'tamustbecauseoftheInternetandsoon.Isthisnecessarilytrue,especiallyforelderlypeople?Whataboutyoungpeoplewhodon'thavetheInternetathomeandneedtogotothelibrarytodotheirhomework?Wherecantheystudyiftheyhavetosharearoomwithayoungerbrotherorsister?Ontheotherhand,thereisanargumentthatanewsupermarketwouldnotonlybringmorechoiceofshoppingandmoreconvenienceforlocalpeople,butitwouldalsobringsomemuch-neededjobsforyoungerpeopleinthetown—andthisisagoodpoint.Whatweneedtodoisconsidertheeffectasupermarketwillhaveonourqualityoflife.Certainlylocalpeople,includingme,willfindshoppingaloteasierandmoreconvenient.Buttherewillalsobeextratraffic.Inafewyearsfromnow,theroadsinandaroundwillbefullofcarsinthedaytimeanddeliverylorriesatnight,andnotonlythat—wewillhavegotusedtoit,too.Aremorejobsandmoreconvenienceworthsuchaninfluenceonourdailylives?Perhaps,butthisiswhatwehavetoaskourselves.IbelievethatallthepeopleofWhitefields,andtheauthority,needtodiscussthisquestioninanopen-mindedway—andIhopethatbythetimeadecisionistaken,wewillhavehadafullandfairdiscussionoftheissuesinvolved,andthatthelocalauthoritywillhavereallylistenedtoeveryone'sview.Isthattoomuchtoask?Yoursfaithfully,TomWatkinsThesupportersofthesupermarketprobablythink.thelibraryisnolongerneededthelibraryistoopoortoberebuiltthesupermarketbringsdowngoodsprice2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze9/20D.A.Shoppingconvenience.B.Jobopportunity.C.Lifequality.D.Trafficcondition.（2）A.Approving.B.Neutral.C.Sceptical.D.Confident.（3）A.B.C.D.（4）（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）（2）（3）（4）【解析】thesupermarketincreaselocalworkers'incomeWhatdoestheunderlined"it"inParagraph3referto?Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtheplan?Whyistheletterwritten?Topromoteeffectivepublicrending.Tocallforconcernoveranurbanproject.Todiscusswaysofimprovinglifequality.Toexpressdissatisfactionwithpublicequipment.ADCB细节题。由第二段第三句Butthepeoplewhowanttobuildthesupermarketseemtothinkthatnoonewantsthelibraryanymore，可知，支持建超市的人似乎觉得图书馆已经没有必要了。故选A。猜词题。根据第三段倒数第二句theroadsinandaroundwillbefullofcarsinthedaytimeanddeliverylorriesatnight,andnotonlythat—wewillhavegotusedtoit，可知，作者认为超市建成后，周围的道路上白天会满是私家车，晚上会都是货车，不仅如此，他们还要努力适应这种现状。it代指超市建成后带来的交通状况。故选D。作者态度题。作者在第二段和第三段分别提出了自己反对建超市的观点。其一，超市取代图书馆给许多仍然需要图书馆的人带来不便；其二，超市的建立会加大车流量，给周围居民带来不便。由此可知作者对建超市这一决策持怀疑态度。approving：赞成的；neutral：中立的；skeptical：怀疑的；confident：自信的。故选C。写作目的题。由文章最后一段第一句Ihopethatbythetimeadecisionistaken,wewillhavehadafullandfairdiscussionoftheissuesinvolved，可知，作者希望相关部门在做的时候能进行充分讨论，故选B。2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze10/2018.A.B.C.（1）Mostkidslovebreaks,butforHannahKristan,abreakwasherleastfavoritepartoftheschoolday."Inevergottodoanythingexceptsitthere,"sherecalls.Hannahwasbornwithadiseasethatkeptthebonesinherbackfromformingproperly.Sheusesawheelchair.Sadly,forkidslikeher,mostplaygroundequipmentisofflimits.Infact,Hannahisoneof5millionkidsintheUnitedStateswhocannotusetraditionalplaygroundequipmentbecauseofsometypeofdisability.ThenHannahheardaboutBoundlessPlaygrounds—playgroundswithoutlimitsforchildrenwithdisabilities.ThewonderfulgroupbehindBoundlessPlaygroundshelpscommunitiescreatespecialplaygroundsforchildrenofallabilities.Thereareswingsandsandboxesspeciallydesignedforkidswithphysicaldisabilities.Kidswithvisionproblemscanenjoythemovementofswingsandalsousemusicalactivitiessuchaschimewalls.SinceherhometowninConnecticuthadnothinglikeit,Hannahhelpedraisemoneyforthisnewkindofplayground.TheinspirationforBoundlessPlaygroundswasaplaygroundcreatedbyAmyJaffeBarzach.ItisnamedJonathan'sDreaminhonorofherson.Jonathan'sDreamandmanyBoundlessPlaygroundsaroundthecountryhaveagliderswingthatcanbeusedbykidswhousewheelchairsandtheirfriends.ThegliderswingatJonathan'sDreamwasdesignedbyMatthewCavedon,whowasn'teven10yearsoldatthetime.Matthewwasmotivatedbecauseheusedawheelchairhimselfandwantedtobeabletohavefunatplaygroundswithotherkids,regardlessoftheirphysicalabilitiesordisabilities.ThebasicideabehindBoundlessPlaygroundsisthatplayisbothpartofthejoyofchildhoodandanimportantwayforchildrentolearnabouttheworld.Kidswhoarekeptawayfromplaygroundsaredeniedthisenjoymentaswellasthelearning.Farfrombeingaplaceofhappyexcitement,traditionalplaygroundsareoftenplacesofseparationandlonelinessforthosewhocan'tjoininthefun.Contrarytosomestrictideasaboutwhataplaygroundforchildrenwithspecialneedsshouldbelike,aBoundlessPlaygroundiseverybitascolorfulandchallengingasatraditionalplayground.That'swhyitisinvitingandfunforallchildren.AndforHannah,Matthew,andotherkidslikethem,aplaygroundlikethisisalsoadreamthatcomestrue.WhatdidHannahKristando?ShedesignedBoundlessPlaygrounds.Sheinventedaswingforthedisabled.Shecollectedmoneyfortheplayground.2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze11/20D.A.B.C.D.（2）A.B.C.D.（3）（1）（2）（3）【答案】（1）（2）（3）【解析】Shedonatedequipmenttoherhometown.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatBoundlessPlaygrounds.providetraininginstructionsforthedisabledborrowedtheideafromJonathan'sDreamwereinventedbyAmyJaffeBarzacharefinancedbycommunitiesWhatisHannaandMatthew'sdream?Toovercometheirdisabilities.Toreceivespecialphysicaltraining.Togetequalchancesofplayingandlearning.Toacquireunderstandingfromtheirfellowstudents.CBC细节题。由第三段最后一句Hannahhelpedraisemoneyforthisnewkindofplayground，可知Hannah为捐建了这样的一座游乐场，故选C。细节题。由第四段第一、二句TheinspirationforBoundlessPlaygroundswasaplaygroundcreatedbyAmyJaffeBarzach.ItisnamedJonathan'sDreaminhonorofherson，可知这座游乐场建立的灵感来自于Jonathan'sdream，B项与原文表述一致，故选B。细节题。由文章最后一段最后一句AndforHannah,Matthew,andotherkidslikethem,aplaygroundlikethisisalsoadreamthatcomestrue，可知答案选C。19.Youcan'twalkintotheofficewithoutRihanna'svoicesinging"workworkworkworkworkwork"inyourhead.AndthatonelinefromLadyGaga's"BadRomance"stillmakesyouwanttoscream.Thesearecommonlyknownasearwormsongs—thosestickytunesthatcontinuetoplayinyourhead.Arecentstudyfindsthatmorethan90%ofadultsreporthearingearwormsongsonaweeklybasis.Fortunately,mostpeoplereportearwormsongsaspleasant.Butothersfindthemannoyingorevenmaddening."Somepeoplearetroubledbythemtothepointthatitdisturbslife,"saysElizabethHellmuthMargulis,aprofessorattheUniversityof2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze12/20A.B.C.D.（1）A.Type.B.TuneC.Cause.D.Characteristic.（2）A.resultfrommoderntechnologyB.beexperiencedovermeals（3）Arkansaswhohasstudiedearwormsongs.Margulissaysearwormsongstendtohavesomepredictablecharacteristics.Foronething,theytendtobesmallpartsofasong—notthewholetrack.And"thesongsyou'veheardrecentlyalsohavethemostpossibilitytogetstuckinyourmemory,"shesays.Butsometimessomethingstrangeandunpredictablecanalsostartatrackplayinginyourhead."OnceIwasatthedoctor'sofficeandsawaposterofamanwhoIthoughtlookedlikeGaston-acharacterfromBeautyandtheBeast,"Margulisrecalls.Acoupleminutespassed,andsherealizedshecouldn'tget"BeOurGuest",thesonginthemovie,outofherhead,eventhoughshehadn'tthoughtofthetuneinyears.Inthatinstance,shewasabletoidentifyherearworm'strigger:theGaston—lookingmanintheposter."Buttheconnectionscanbereallyunclear,"shesays.Margulispointsoutthat,inallofhumanhistory,recordedmusicisaverynewphenomenon.Shesayssomehaveinferredthatearwormsongsarealsonew—theunintendedconsequenceofbeingabletohearthesamesongplayedeverywhereinthesamewayoverandoveragain.Sofar,theconvincingexplanationforwhyhumanbeingsexperienceearwormsongsremainsamystery.Buttherearesomewell-establishedwaystocastofftheearwormsongs."Findingamentallydemandingtaskandputtingyourmindonitusuallyshiftsattentionawayfrominternalmusic.Peopletendtogetearwormswhenperformingtasksthatdon'trequiretheirfullattention—stufflikedoingthedishes,"Margulissays.Chewinggumcanalsohelp.Whenasongisstuckinourheads,it'salmostlikewe'resingingalongwithit.Ifyoumakeyourmouthdosomethingelse—chewinggum,eatingamealortalkingwithafriend—thatcankickouttheearworm.Youcouldalsofaceyourenemy.Bylisteningtothefulltrackthatincludesthepassagestuckinyourhead,youmayfind"closure"andrelief.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobeanearwormsong?Asongmadeupofsimplewords.Asongheardfrequentlythesedays.Asongsungbyamostfamoussinger.Asonglearnedduringone'schildhood.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"trigger"inParagraph4mean?Wecaninferthatearwormsongsmay.2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze13/20C.helpregainlostmemoriesD.hurtone'shearingA.Whywehearearwormsongs.B.Wheretofindearwormsongs.C.Whenwehearearwormsongs.D.Howtogetoverearwormsongs.（4）（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）（2）（3）（4）【解析】Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthelastthreeparagraphs?BCAD推断题。由第三段最后一句thesongsyou'veheardrecentlyalsohavethemostpossibilitytogetstuckinyourmemory，可知你最近经常听的歌曲可能成为总在脑海中回荡的曲调。故选B。猜词题。由第四段上半部分可知Margulis曾经因为看到电影《美女与野兽》中一个角色的海报，其中的主题曲便一直萦绕在耳边。所以本段最后一句说，她突然意识到出现这种情况的原因是看到了海报。所以trigger是"诱因，原因"的意思。故选C。推断题。由第五段第二句Shesayssomehaveinferredthatearwormsongsarealsonew—theunintendedconsequenceofbeingabletohearthesamesongplayedeverywhereinthesamewayoverandoveragain，可知，不管在何地我们总是能一遍一遍得重复听到同一首曲目，由此可推知，现代技术的发展使得我们能重复听到同一首曲目，最终让它在我们脑海回荡。故选A。主旨题。倒数第四段最后一句Buttherearesomewell-establishedwaystocastofftheearwormsongs，提到，有一些可以将脑海中回荡的曲调驱逐掉的办法，后三段即介绍，故选D。20.Thecruise（邮轮）tourismisthefastestgrowingindustryinthetravelindustry.Withtherapidgrowthinthenumberofpassengers,thenumberofcruiseshipsatsea,andtheincreasedvarietyofdestinations,thefastgrowthintheindustryfollowswithincreasinginfluencesontheenvironment.Likemanytravelindustries,thenegativeinfluencesontheenvironmentseemtooutweighthepositiveones.Eventhoughthecruiseindustryisrelativelysmallcomparedtotheairlineindustry,cruiseshipsandtheirpassengersgeneratemorewasteand2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze14/20A.Lackofproperregulations.B.Growingsizeofcruiseships.C.Servicesystemoncruiseships.D.Uselesswatertreatingprogram.（1）A.（2）pollutantemissions（排放物）whiletravellinganddockedinport.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,aone-weekvoyagegeneratesmorethan50tonsofgarbage,andduringthatsameweek3.78millionlitresofwastewaterisproduced.Thatiswaterwhichisharmfultotheoceanlifeandcannotbepouredbackintotheoceanwithoutbeingtreated.Thesenumbersaremultipliedbymorethan200cruiseshipssailingtheworld365daysayear.Duetopollution,coralreefs（珊瑚礁）aretakingsignificantdamage.Thereare109countrieswithcoralreefs.In90%ofthem,reefsarebeingdamagedbycruiseships.Itissaid70%ofcruisedestinationsareinthespotswiththeexistenceofawidevarietyofseaplantsandanimalspecies.However,itisnottheamountofpollutiongeneratedbycruiseshipsthatismostconcerned,butrather,thewaycruiseshipsdealwiththeirwaste.Thewaycruiseshipsgetridofwasteishighlyunregulated.Wastecanbepouredafewshortmilesoffshore,whichislaterbroughtbacktoshoreduetooceancurrents.Inmostcases,therewasnomonitoringoradministrationfromlocalauthoritiesifcruiseshipsviolatedthepollutionstandards.Thecruiseindustrycontinuestopromoteitselfasenvironmentallyfriendly;thetruthis,therearemanyexamplesofcruiseshipsbreakingthelaw.Processingwasteonboardisnotimpossibleforcruiseindustries.Sincetheincreasedharmfuleffectsontheenvironmenthavecometolight,somecruiseindustrieshavedonetheirpartandastechnologyincreases,theirabilitytobecomemoreeco-friendlyhasbecomethemostimportant.HollandAmericanLinehasinvested$1.5millionintoaprogramcalledSeawaterScrubberPilot.Thisprogramlooksforopportunitiestoreduceengineemissiononitsships.TheSeaWaterScrubbersystemusesthenaturalchemistrytoremoveallharmfulmaterialsintheseawaterbeforeitispouredoverboard.Eventhoughitisonlyasmallstep,itmakesabigdifference.Theenvironmentalimpactofthecruiseindustryonthedestinationhasnegativeeffects.However,witheffortmade,thereisstillhopethattheseeffectscanbelimited,oraswewish,reduced.Whataddstocruiseships'pollution?WhydidtheauthormentionHollandAmericanLine?Tostressenvironmentalprotectionmatters.2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze15/20B.C.D.A.Influencesofcruisetourism.B.Problemsintouristindustry.C.Consequenceofoceanpollution.D.Administrationofcruiseemissions.（3）A.B.C.D.（4）（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）（2）（3）（4）【解析】Toevaluatetheeffectsofnaturalchemistry.TointroducetheSeaWaterScrubbersystem.Toprovesomeanti-pollutionmeasureworks.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Howisthepassagedeveloped?Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.Bydiscussingproblemsandsolutions.Bycomparingbenefitsanddisadvantages.Bypresentingsimilaritiesanddifferences.ADAB细节题。由第四段第一、二句However,itisnottheamountofpollutiongeneratedbycruiseshipsthatismostconcerned,butrather,thewaycruiseshipsdealwiththeirwaste.Thewaycruiseshipsgetridofwasteishighlyunregulated，可知邮轮排放垃圾的行为得不到规范加剧了污染，故选A。推断题。由第六段最后一句Eventhoughitisonlyasmallstep,itmakesabigdifference，可知该公司为防治游艇带来的污染做出了一定的贡献。作者提及此为了表明目前已有一些举措来治理污染。故选D。主旨题。本文主要介绍了近年来邮轮旅游的盛行，给环境和生态带来的影响。A项符合文章主旨大意。故选A。文章结构题。文章通过前三段介绍了邮轮给环境带来了污染和破坏的现象，之后又介绍了一些治理污染的解决办法。因此是通过先揭示问题，再提出举措的方式展开文章的。故选B。四、七选五21.2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze16/20A.B.C.D.E.F.G.Wheredidyourfamilyeatdinnerlastnight?Inthecaronthewaytosport?AtMcDonald's?Oratthedinnertable?Asurveytakenafewyearsagofoundthat28%familiesatedinnertogetherathomesevennightsaweek.Anotherquartersaidtheyatetogetherthreeorfewernightsaweek.Onceuponatimethesituationwasdifferent.1Plates,forksandspoonswouldbelaidout.Asdinnertimeapproached,anincreasingnumberofhungrymouthswouldbegintoappearwiththequestion."What'sfordinner?"2Thedataseemstopointtotwomainissues;overworkedparentsandoverscheduledchildren.WhenMumorDaddogethomeintheevening,theyaresooninthecaragaintosendthechildrentosoccermusic,tutoring,andahostofotherevents.Thisnightlyceremonyaroundthedinnertableisbothvitalandfruitful;itiswhatkeepsafamilytogether.Sure,theconversationisnotalwayssignificantandchildrenargue.Andsometimesthedeepestandmostmeaningfultimesinafamilyarenotatthetableatall.3Thedinnertableistheplacewhereafamilybuildsanidentity.Storiesarepasseddown,jokesareexchangedandthewiderworldisexaminedthroughthelens（镜头）ofafamily'svalues.Childrenpickupvocabularyandasenseofhowconversationisstructured.4Dinnertimeis"familytime".Comingbackdailytothesameplacehelpsgainfamiliarity.Thesignificanceofdinnertimeismorethanabove.Studiesshowthatthemorefamilieseattogether,thelesslikelythechildrenaretosmoke,drink,getdepressed,anddevelopeatingdisorders,andthemorelikelytheyaretodowellinschoolandlearnhowtosocialize.OneprofessoratRutgersUniversityinNewJerseystated,"Amealisaboutcivilizingchildren.5"Sostartbyplanningsomestayathomefamilydinnerstogether.Justfamilytalk.It'satimetoteachthemtobeamemberoftheirculture.Eachnightthediningtablewouldbesetwithasimplecloth.Whynotcutbackonafewactivitiesandhavedinnerwithyourfamily?Whataccountsforthisdeclineinfamilieseatingtogethertodaythough?Theyalsolearngoodtablemanners,somethingthatwillbenefitthemforlife.Itwasimportantforchildrenandparentstositdowntogetherandgettoknoweachother.However,thereisstillsomethinguniqueaboutthetimeafamilyspendsaroundthedinnertable.2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze17/20【答案】1：2：3：4：5：【解析】BDGEA文章主要讲了现如今越来越少的家庭坐在一起共进晚餐，本题所在段落回忆以前，大多数家庭里，家庭成员一起吃晚餐，餐厅铺好桌布，然后摆放好匙、叉、刀等餐具。B项讲过去用餐时的步骤，符合本段文意。故选B。第三段内容转回到现在，解释原因。D项：该如何解释现如今越来越少的家庭聚在一起吃晚餐的现状呢？引出后文的原因。故选D。本句上文欲扬先抑，提到餐桌上的对话可能并不重要，家庭中最有内涵最有意义的时光并不是在餐桌上，而后文提到一起吃晚餐的好处，所以此句构成转折，承上启下，G项：但是，一家人在餐桌上的时光仍有其独特之处。符合文意，承上启下，故选G。该空的前后句均在介绍一起用晚餐给孩子们带来的好处，因此该空也应介绍好处。E项：孩子们也可以学习餐桌礼仪，这对他们今后的生活是有帮助的。符合文意。故选E。上半句讲到一顿饭是一个教养孩子的过程，也就是说用餐也是一种文化，也能从中学到东西，A项：是时候教育他们成为自己文化中的一员，也就是让孩子们学习餐桌中蕴含的文化。顺承上句语义。故选A。五、书面表达22.【答案】你的英国朋友Jim最近开始学习中文，感觉有些难，来信希望你能给他一些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括:1.中文难学的原因；2.你的建议及理由；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHuaDearJim,It'sgoodtohearfromyou!KnowingthatyouarefacingsomedifficultiesthroughChineselearning,I'mextremelydelightedtogiveyousomeadvice.2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze18/20【解析】Truly,Chineseisoneofthemostdifficultlanguagesintheworld.Herearesomereasons.First,Chineseisakindofpictography,whichmeansitisakindofabstractdrawing,soitishardforyoutoknowtheexactpronunciationofasinglecharacter.Besides,comparedwith26lettersinEnglish,therearecountlesscharactersinChinese,andeachhasatleastonemeaning.Thisalsoplacesgreatdifficultyforlearners.Well,westillhavesomesolutions.Youneedtoreadandspeakmore.TrysomeChinesenewspapersaswellasChinesestorybooksforkids.Readaloudandtrytorememberthosewordsinmind.Bytheway,it'smypleasuretobeyourpartnertopracticespeakingChinese.You'llfindChinesemoreandmoreinterestingwitheachpassingday,believeme.IwishyouallthebestinyourChineselearningaswellaseachaspectinyourlife.I'mverygladthatyouhavedecidedtolearnChinese.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply!Yours,LiHua略23.【答案】假设你是红星中学高三（1）班学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，你参加学校"丝绸之路知识竞赛"的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。VersionOne2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze19/20Thisweek,ItookpartintheknowledgecompetitionontheSilkRoadheldinourschool,whichbroughtmeagreatsenseofachievement.OnMonday,aposterwhichannouncedthecompetitionattractedmyattention.IimmediatelydecidedtosignupforitbecauseIamalwaysinterestedinhistory.Afewdayslater,Itookpartinthefirstroundofthecompetition,awrittentest.Thoughthereweremanycandidates,Isucceededinenteringthefinalwithanotherstudentfrommyclass.Thefinalwasheldthismorning.Itwasacompetitionamongthefourclassesofourgrade.Onthestageinthehall,myclassmateandIansweredmostofthequestionsaccurately.Finally,wewonout!Weweresohappybecausewebroughthonortoourclass.WheninterviewedbytheschoolTVstationaftertheawardceremony.Iexpressedmyexcitementandtheprideinoursplendidculture.ThecompetitionbroadenedmyknowledgeontheSilkRoadandencouragedmetolearnmoreaboutourowncultureinthefuture.VersionTwo（excellentedition）IwasreallyluckytohaveachancetoparticipateintheknowledgecompetitionofSilkRoadheldbyourschoollastweek,whichwilllastinmymemoryforever.TheposterputupontheschoolnoticeboardinformedallofusaboutthenewsoftheknowledgecompetitionofSilkRoad.Knowingthateveryonecouldtakeparkin,IwasoverwhelmedwithexcitementsinceIwasasuperfanofChinesehistory.Igotmyselfwell-preparedbeforethecompetitionandcarefullywrotedowntheanswersonthepaperofthefirstround.TwodayslaterthegoodnewscamethatIsuccessfullypassedandgottheadmissiontothefinal.Fromthenon,mypartnerandIbegantoequipourselveswithmoreknowledge.Finallycamethefinal.We,onbehalfofClass1,weresittingonthestage,readytocompetewithotherthreegroups.Thesilencefilledtheair,whichdrewmenervous.However,assoonasthehoststartedtopresentthequestions,Iforgotallabout"winorlose".Whatonlyconcernedmewastogetthechanceandgivethecorrectanswer.Myquickactionswonourgroup2020/3/42018年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=df81daf7cab6431fb311a1dd26f30a2d&type=analyze20/20【解析】alotofchancesandourfluentanswerswonapplausenowandthen.Finallyourhardworkpaidoffforwegotthefirstprize.Holdingthecupandreceivingtheinterviewfromtheschoolchannel,Ijustcouldn'tbehappier.Whattheprizebroughtwasmorethanafewhappyhours.MoreimportantlyIfeltproudofourshinninghistoryofSilkRoad.Everyoneshouldtaketheresponsibilitytolearnourhistoryandpassdowntogenerations.playanimportantrole扮演了重要角色thedevelopmentof……的发展manageto..设法…onbehalfof…代表…dueto..由于…asenseofpride自豪感