2009环球卓越同等学力英语翻译课程

环球卓越 精致服务 卓越品质 www.geedu.com 环球卓越08同等学力申硕英语辅导强化阶段讲义 翻译（试卷二） 英译汉 翻译方法 I) 1. The writer doesn't present his hero in his book with the usual Western voice, but with an ordinary Arab's voice. 2. Sometimes the New York Times runs a short, interesting story amid its financial news. 3. Every life has its roses and thorns. 4. *According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. 5. *And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. 许多人认为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思考过程相比，这些过程必须经过专门训练才能获得。 II) 6. In his speech he laid special stress on raising the quality of the products. 7. *Federally funded training and free back-to-school programs for laid-off workers are under way, but few experts believe they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology. 试译：Almost all our major problems involve human behavior 8. The fact that his proposal makes sense should be recognized. 9. That the usual methods of observation will not serve under such circumstances is obvious. 10. That he will succeed is certain. 11. His ability in English, Japanese and French enabled him to get a position in a multinational corporation. 由于掌握了英、日、法三种语言，他在一家跨国公司谋到了一个职位。 III) 12. He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective. 13. Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes (同位素). 14. We have experienced the shortage of manpower and/or fund. 15. On the other hand, there is the challenge, more clearly defined than ever before to scientists to apply the results of science and technology for the benefit of the mankind. 另一方面，科学家面临着比以往任何时候都更加明确的挑战，要求他们把科技成果用来造福于人类。 16. Basically, selling the product would be accomplished by sales promotion, which included advertising and personal selling. 产品的销售基本上是通过促销完成的，而促销包括广告和个人销售。 17. In other words, goods should be produced only if they can be sold. 换言之，必须是能够销售掉的商品才能生产。 18. In addition to sales promotion, marketing also involved the distribution of the product to the places where it was actually sold. 除了促销，市场经济还涉及将产品发散到实际销售的地方。 19. *Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. IV) 20. Try as I might, I still failed in the final examination, which made me rather frustrated. 21. The promising young man will live up to the expectation of her parents and teachers. 22. There is surely some doubt whether we can control pollutions. 23. *To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity. 24. *The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. 把标准化测试作为抨击目标是错误的，因为在抨击这类测试时，批评者不考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。 25. Young scientists cannot realize too soon that existing scientific knowledge is not nearly so complete, certain and unalterable as many textbooks seem to imply. V) 26. Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive（认知的）areas such as attention and memory. 27. Gone forever are the days when China had to depend on foreign countries for oil. 28. It was in the computer center that I met the president yesterday. 29. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a "step up" toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power. 30. But on the whole everyone is impressed by the great psychological and physical likenesses that exist between identical twins, even those who have been separated from infancy. 但总的来说，在同卵双胞胎之间，甚至在那些从婴儿期就分开的同卵双胞胎之间，在身体和心理上都存在着很大的相似性，这给每个人留下了深刻的印象。 VI) 31. In the first place, we are short of manpower. Secondly this is not the most urgent thing to do. Besides, to do that would give rise to a series of difficulties. Therefore, I suggest not doing it for the time being. 32. It was a real challenge that those who had learned from us now excelled us. 33. At no time in the history of world maritime trade has the growth of ports been so extensive or received the worldwide interest given it after World War II. 二战以来，港口的发展四处蔓延并受到世界范围的关注，这在世界海洋贸易史上是前所未有的事。 34. *"In short", a leader of the new school contends, "the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions." 新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说：“简而言之，我们所称谓的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用，这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。” VII) 35. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 36. The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food. 粮食供应的增加将远远赶不上人口的增长，这就意谓着，在粮食的生产和购销方面我们正陷入危机。 37. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. 38. On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed. 总之，人们得出这一结论是有一定程度把握的，但是必须符合两个条件：一，能够假定这个孩子对测试的态度和与他比较的其他孩子的态度相同；二，他没有因为缺乏其他孩子所拥有的相关知识而受到惩罚。 39. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder—kitchen rage. 40. 随着社会的发展，越来越多的大学生准备报考研究生。 With the development of society, more and more college students are preparing to take graduate entrance examinations. 汉译英 1. 他在南京上业余大学。 2. 抓：scratch, find oneself at a loss, watch out for the first signs, pay close attention to pig-breeding 3. 她哄劝着说：“兰儿，别哭了，听妈说，当闺女的，早晚都是人家的人呀，你婆家也是庄稼人，不会亏待你的。” She coaxed, “Don’t cry, Lan. Listen to mother. You’re a girl, and sooner or later you’ll belong to another name. Your mother-in-laws are peasants like us. They won’t treat you badly.” 4. 你可以随便拿走一个苹果。 5. **钢是由铁烧成的。 **这座桥是用钢材造的。 **他的风筝是用一块手绢做成的。 6. 在看到李伟的杀人行为时我感到十分震惊。 7. species, series, means, swine, deer, sheep, aircraft, barracks, fish, Japanese 你看见我那只鹿了吗？ 8. 刚刚黄昏的时候，他们慢慢地穿过看热闹的人群，从不停下来看看时间。 The men worked their way slowly past the gaping bystanders as the first shadows of evening began to fail. They never paused, however, to check the time. 9. 他告诉他的父亲，他第二天会起得早。 He told his father that he should get up earlier tomorrow. 10. 大部分人认为她很聪明。 She is considered generally clever. 11. 他们正在遛马。 They were walking horses. 12. 平儿指着鼻子，摇着头儿，笑道：“这件事你该怎么来谢我呢？”喜的贾琏眉开眼笑，跑来搂着，“心肝乖乖儿肉”的便叫起来。平儿手里拿着头发，笑道：“这是一辈子的把柄儿。好便罢，不好咱们就抖出去。” Ping’r pointed a finger at her own nose and wagged her head from side to side. “How are you going to thank me for that?” “You’re a sweet little darling!” He beamed delightedly and lunged forward to embrace her. Ping’r dangled the hair in front of him: “You’ll have to watch your step from now on,” she said, “Now I’ve got something to keep you in order with. If you misbehave…!” 13. 航行中，我们遇到了大风暴，晚到两天，但平安到达目的地。到达后，很多朋友在码头迎接我们。 *The ship reached her port in safety, but two days had elapsed beyond the time when her arrival had been expected as there had been violent storms, and the sea had been very rough, so that progress was difficult, and a crowd of my friends met me at the dock. 14. *We arrived safely, though two days late, after a rough and stormy voyage, and was now welcome at the dock by a crowd of friends. 15. 我的衣服必须和我的同胞毫无二致。 I will wear no clothes, which will distinguish me from my fellow men. 16. 这是李华关于文学的一次讲座，下周在课上讨论。 It is a speech made by Li Hua about Literature to be discussed in class next week. 17. 许多人都说他是个笨蛋，但果真如此吗？ 但她不同，她是一个书呆子。 18. 那个姑娘就那儿，他很喜欢她所在的工厂。 我看见过一些害怕老鼠的人，也看见过一些害怕蛇的人。 19. 我们要为青年一代树立榜样。 20. ……自己把两手拍了一下，笑了一声道：“噫！好了！我中了！”说着，往后一交跌倒，不省人事。……又拍着手大笑道：“噫！好！我中了！”笑着不由分说，就往门外飞跑，把报录人和邻居都吓了一跳。 …Clapping his hands, he laughed and exclaimed, “Ha! Good! I have passed.” Then, stepping back, he fell down in a dead faint…Clapping his hands again, he let out a peal of laughter and shouted, “Aha! I’ve passed! I’ve passed!” Laughing wildly he ran outside, giving the heralds and the neighbors the fright of their lives… 21. 看来与其说他老实,不如说他聪明。 那与其说是一首诗，不如说是一幅画。 历年 2007年 Part I Translation Section A Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. The standardized educational or psychological tests are widely used to aid in selecting，classifying，assigning，or promoting students，employees and military personnel．But they have been the target is wrong，for in attacking the tests，critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users．The tests themselves are merely tools，with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions．Whether the results will be valuable，meaningless，or even misleading depends partly upon the tools themselves but largely upon the user． Section B Directions：Translate the following passage into English．Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET． 最近一项调查明，中国的大部分建筑——不论是办公楼还是居民楼——所消耗的电、热和水等资源比发达国家的同类建筑要多。例如，北京居民家庭平均消耗的能源是气候类似的德国北部家庭的三倍，中国是资源短缺的国家，我们必须节约资源，才能使我国的经济持续发展。 2006年 Part I Translation Section A One of the chief concerns of wildlife management is the protection and improvement of the nature habitat so that animals have enough food and water to survive. Wildlife management involves care of the soil to produce good vegetation; it also involves care of plants, not only as a source of food, but also as protection. Animals need cover to hide from their natural enemies and to raise their young safely. Just as crops are harvested wildlife too must sometimes be “harvested”. By allowing limited hunting, good management can control certain species that threaten to overpopulate their habitat. Section B 随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求不断增加，但可以供人类使用的水资源却急剧减少。水资源危机所带来的生态系统恶化等问题严重威胁着人类的生存。 如何更有效利用水资源，推进水资源的可持续开发和保护，已经成为世界各国共同面对的紧迫问题。 2005年 汉译英试题 随着我国社会经济的迅猛发展、人民生活水平的提高和医疗卫生事业的改善,我国老年人口明显增多。不少人对此忧心忡忡,但有识之士指出,我们不仅要看到人口老龄化所带来的巨大压力,也要看到人口老龄化背后所蕴涵的商机以及老年人丰富的智力、经验等资源,要将压力变为机遇。 英译汉试题 Progress in communication and transport technologies during the 20th century has enabled us to overcome geographical boundaries and revolutionize our way of living. The world is now linked to such an extent that a local happening cannot take place without impacting on the International community. Globalization is not Just about increasing the worldwide circulation of information and ideas. Economically speaking, It entails transnational investment and international trade, thereby integrating all countries into a single giant world market. In terms of culture, globalization itself is neither positive nor negative: It may be either of them depending on our viewpoint. 2004年 Part II Translation (35 minutes, 20 points,10 for each section) Section A Another kind of distinction that can be made among works of art is whether they were intended as objects to be looked at or to be used. The fine arts, such as painting and sculpture, involve the production of works to be seen and experienced on an abstract level. Pieces of fine art may evoke emotional or spiritual responses in us. Those who love the fine arts feel that these responses are very valuable, for they expand our awareness of the great richness of life itself. Section B 在17世纪和18世纪，中国的艺术、建筑和哲学在西方很受欣赏。此外，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器在西方也备受欣赏，并在一定程度上改变了许多西方的生活方式。进入20世纪后期，西方人再次转向中国文化。他们除了喜欢中国菜肴外，还学习汉语，尝试中国医药，练习中国武术，观看功夫电影。 2003年 Part II Translation (20 minutes, 10 points) 为了成功举办2008年奥运会，北京投人230亿美元用于基础设施建设。据说一些外国公司已经注意到了这些商机。美国的一些公司打算在电信和信息技术方面提供产品和服务。英国的一些公司也正在围绕北京奥运会寻求商机，他们试图找到自己有优势的领域，如不污染环境的建筑技术等。 2002年 Part II Translation (20 minutes , 10 points ) 在过去20年中,世界上没有任何一个国家的外贸发展速度像中国那么快。日本用了20多年时间才将其外贸总额翻了一番，而中国却翻了两番。中国现在已是全球第三大电器生产国，并且正在成为全球电器市场上的主角。中国还是世界上劳动密集型（labor-intensive）产品的主要生产国。 2001年 Part II Translation (20 minutes, 10 points)        过去50年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从1900年到1950年，改变人类生活的发明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机——当然还有核武器和计算机。而近50年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗？并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。 2000年 Part II Translation (20 minutes, 10 minutes) 文化是不同国家的人们互相理解的最佳媒体。通过举办文化节，许多中国城市在世界上的知名度提高了。已经证明，对促进中国人民和世界其他地方人民之前的交流来说，这是最好的途径之一。这种交流不仅仅限于文化方面，还扩大到了经济和其他领域。 1999年 Part II Translation (20 minutes, 10 points) 别人吸烟，你吸入，确实会对你的肺有危害。据美国“肺协”估计，每年约有3000名死于肺癌的人被动吸烟者。有一项调查发现，不吸烟的妇女，如果在吸烟的家庭环境中生活40年或更长的时间，那么就有加倍患肺癌的危险。 1998年 环境科学家们说,如果要使地球继续供养人类生存，保护野生生物是极为重要的。这些专家说我们必须明白在我们的这个环境供养系统中，我们自己与野生动植物之间的重要联系。他们指出，没有人有把握地知道这些动植物中的哪一种将来可能对我们有用。 1997年 亚裔美国人对美国作出了杰出的贡献,这些贡献包括诸如自然科学、医学、法律、文学、艺术等各个领域，由于亚裔移民的祖籍国家具有丰富多样的传统，他们大大促进了美国文化的发展，提高了全美国人民的生活水平。 1996年 在过去的几十年里，可能没有任何话题比领导艺术更受到管理研究者的关注，在管理人员的培训和开发方面，领导艺术也是最热闹的话题之一。这表明专业管理人员对探索卓有成效的领导艺术的奥秘很感兴趣。 1995年 当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济、提高人民生活水平。为了实现这一目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，以便进一步解放生产力。我们应当向世界敞开大门，以便学习其他国家先进的科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国建设成强大的社会主义国家。 真题答案 2007年 Section A 标准化教育测试或心理测试现在广泛应用于协助选拔、分类、委派或提升学生、雇员和军事人员，这些测试一直是某些人近年来在图书、杂志、日报、甚至国会中抨击的目标。把这种标准化测试作为抨击的目标是不对的，因为，在抨击这类测试时，批评者没有考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。这些测试本身只是一种工具，其各种特征是可以在规定的条件下用相当的精度来测定的。测试的结果是有价值的，还是无意义的，甚至是误导的，部分取决于这种工具本身，但主要取决于测试的使用者。 Section B A survey made recently indicates that most of buildings in China, no matter for office or residential purpose, all consume more electricity, heat and water resources compared to that of foreign countries. For instance, energy consumption for Beijing residents is three times as much as that of the families in north German under the similar weather conditions. China is an energy shortage country, therefore we Chinese should save (economize) resources so as to ensure the sustainable development for Chinese economy. 2006年 Section A 野生动物管理部门首要关心的事就是保护和改善野生动物自然栖息地以使动物们有足够的食物和水来生存。野生动物管理部门专注于保护土壤，培育出良好的植被，还专注于保护植物。植物不仅能作为野生动物的食物来源，还能作为它们的保护者。动物需要用植物来掩护自己以躲避天敌和安全地抚育自己的孩子。 就像收获庄稼一样，野生动物有时候也必须被“收获”，通过允许有限的捕猎，好的管理部门能控制某些物种，使它们不至因过度繁殖而威胁到栖息地。 Section B With the development of the society, man’s demand for water has been constantly increasing, but the water resource available for human is sharply decreasing. The deterioration of ecosystem brought about by the water crisis threatens human’s existence seriously. How to make use of the water resource effectively and promote the sustained development and protection of water resource has become an urgent problem which should be faced together by all the countries in the world. 2005年 Section A 20世纪，通讯和交通领域都有了长足进步，这使得全世界的人们能够打破地域界限并且改变原有的生活方式。整个世界紧密地联系在一起，任何地方发生的事情都会对整个国际社会带来一定的影响。 全球化并不仅仅意味着世界范围内的信息和观点的流通。从经济角度来看，全球化促使了跨国界投资和商业往来的兴起，从而把全世界所有的国家整合成一个巨大的国际市场。从文化角度来看，全球化既谈不上是积极的，也谈不上是消极的：这是需要根据我们自身的观点而定的。 Section B With the rapid development of the social economy in China, people’s living standards and medical industry are improved．Many people are severely worried about the increasing number of older people. Men of insight say that it brings us not only the enormous pressure, but also great opportunities behind it as well as abundant resources of olders such as the intelligence and experience. We must turn pressure into opportunity. 2004年 Section A 参考译文： 艺术品的另外一个显著特征是它是用来观赏的还是被使用的物品。精美的艺术品，如绘画和雕塑，都包含了看得见的作品的制作和抽象的体验。一件件精美的艺术品可以唤起我们情感和精神上的响应。热爱艺术品的人会觉得这些响应是非常有价值的，因为它们扩大了我们对生活本身丰富内涵的了解。 Section B 参考译文： During the 17th and 18th centuries, Chinese art, architecture and philosophy had　been quite appreciated in the west. In addition, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain had been warmly welcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle of many westerners. In the last part of the 20th century, the westerners focused their attention on Chinese culture again. Besides enjoying Chinese food, they learned Chinese, tried out Chinese medicine and herbs, watched gongfu films. 2003年 In order to hold the 2008 Olympic Games successfully, Beijing plans to invest 23 billion US dollars in the construction of basic facilities. It is reported that some foreign companies have noticed these business opportunities. Some American companies plan to provide products and service in the areas of telecommunication and information technology. Some British companies are also seeking business opportunities from Beijing Olympic Games. They are trying to find the areas where U.K has advantages, such as the architectural technology which will not pollute the environment. 2002年 Over the last two decades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast as China. Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, but China has increased its foreign trade by three times for the same length of time. Already the world’s third largest producer of electric appliances, China is now playing a major role in the global market of the electric wares. China has also become a major producer of labor-intensive manufactured goods in the world. 2001年 Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such inventions as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning. 2000年 Culture is the best medium with which different people of different countries can better understand each other. Through holding cultural festivals, many cities in China have become better known to the world. It has been proved that this is one of the best ways to promote the exchange between the people of China and other parts of the world. The exchange has been confined to culture but extended to the economic and other fields. 1999年 Breathing in other people’s cigarette smoke can do real harm to your lungs. The American Lung Association estimates that there are about 3000 passive smokers died of lung cancer. One study found that nonsmoking women who were exposed to 40 or more years of household tobacco smoke had doubled the risk of lung cancer. 1998年 Environmentalists say that it is very important for us to protect wild animals, if we need the earth to supply the human being continuously. These experts say that we must understand the fundamental relation between ourselves and wild animals and plants in our environmental supplying system. They point out that no one is sure to know which kind of animals is likely to be useful to us in the future. 1997年 Asian Americans have made outstanding contributions to the United States. These contributions include natural science, medicine, law, literature, art, etc. Because the native countries of Asian immigrants have rich and colorful traditions, they have greatly promoted American culture, and improved the living standards of the whole American people. 1996年 Over the past few decades, perhaps no other topics have received more attention from (have been more concerned by ) management researchers than the subject of art of leadership. The training and developing of management personnel is also one of the hottest topics in discussion. This indicates that professional management are interested in finding out the mysterious of effective leadership. 1995年 The most important task today is to develop the national economy and improve the people’s living standard. In order to realize the goal, we must reform the old economic system so that we can further liberate the productive force. We should open our door to the world so that we can learn advanced science and technology from other countries. As long as we adhere to the reform and open po