CET6高频词汇复习笔记

1. abnormal adj. 不正常的;反常的,变态的 这个词其实就是ab+normal组合而来的,其中normal就是指正常的,ab是一个词缀,示“相反,变坏,离去”。我们可以想想看,英语中带ab词缀的还有哪些呢?比如abuse 滥用,就是ab+use组成,还有abstain 弃权,节制,也是ab+stain构成。 He looks so abnormal that he didn't reply to Mary's shouting. 他看起来不太对,连玛丽对他大吼都没反应。 2. abolish v. 废除;消灭 说到取消、废除神马的,可能有童鞋想到cancel这个词了,那我们来做个小比较吧~ abolish 这个词比较正式,多用来指废除某个法律规定、制度或习俗等。 cancel 它的用途更广泛些,可以指航班、比赛、活动、、计划等。 Plural marriage was abolished after the foundation of PRC. 新中国成立后废除了一夫多妻制。 3. abrupt adj. 突然的,唐突的 abrupt表示突然的同sudden、unexpected。除此之外,它还可以指(地形)起伏的。 The president was very dissatisfied with his abrupt interrupt. 对于他的突然打断,总裁很不满。 4. absurd adj. 荒唐的 这个词的近义词就是ridiculous啦,现在二者的差别基本不太大了。 Don't you think this proposal is very absurd?! 难道你不觉得这个提议很荒谬吗?! 5. accessory adj. 辅助的,附属的 n. 配件,附件 accessory表示设备、工具的附件时多用复数。 This machine is equipped with some accessories. 这台机器配备了一些附件。 6. accommodate v. 提供(住宿);容纳 This parking lot can accommodate up to 120 cars. 这个停车场可以容纳120辆汽车。 7. addict v. 沉迷,上瘾 通常与to搭配,后加名词或名词性短语。 He is addicted to computer games. 他迷上网络游戏了。 8. acquaint v. 使熟悉;使了解;告知 be /become acquainted with sth. We get acquainted with each other soon. 我们很快熟络起来。 与acquaint类似表示“告知”的词还有inform、notify等,我们来看看他们之间的小区别。 acquaint 指提供相关情况使某人熟悉、了解事务进展情况和相关过程。 inform 指传达事实或信息。 notify 是指正式通知需要注意的事情。 9. adhere v. 遵守 adhere是不及物动词,所以接宾语时要加介词to,即adhere to sth. I will adhere to my principles no matter what happens. 无论发生什么,我都会坚持自己的原则。 10. adverse adj. 不利的,有害的 adverse通常指违背利益的,或者与自身志趣、看法不同,侧重于指分歧。 I think this bill is adverse to the constitution. 我认为这项法案违背了宪法。 1. aggravate v. 加重;使严重;恶化 这个词的意思就是使某种情况变得更坏,所以他的同义词是worsen,但在写作中使用aggravate显然会比worsen高级许多。 Smoking aggravates his cough. 吸烟使他的咳嗽变得更严重了。 另外,在口语中aggravate也可表示激怒,它是指因他人长时间的反复行为而使人感到不快。 2. alleviate v. 减轻;使……缓和 很明显,这个词跟上面的aggravate是一对反义词,所以背诵时可以对照起来看哦。 She often watches variety show to alleviate pressure. 她经常通过看综艺节目来减轻压力。 3. alternate v./a 交替(的) n. 代替者,候补人员 alternate作名词意思跟substitute类似,但substitute强调某人替代他人或某物的替代作用。 I go to play badminton on alternate 我每隔一个周六就去打羽毛球。 4. ambiguous a. 歧义的;模棱两可的;含糊不清的 它的同义词有vague,indefinite等。 His ambiguous speech irritate the consumers. 他模棱两可的发言激怒了消费者。 5. amplify v. 扩大(声音);增强;详述 amplify的同义词有很多,比如broaden,intensify,expand,augment等。其名词形式是amplification,表示扩大。amplifier则表示扩音器。 The president intends to amplify the company. 总裁打算扩大公司规模。 6. analogy n. 类比;类似,相似 by analogy There are a lot of analogies in the development of Japan and America. 日本和美国在发展中有很多相似之处。 7. anonymous a. 匿名的 跟这个词结构类似的词有synonymous(同义的),antonymous(反义的),在记忆的时候一定要分清楚哦。 An anonymous letter was sent to the Congress. 有人给国会寄了封匿名信。 8. applaud v. 鼓掌; 赞许;拍手喝彩 表示“赞扬,称赞”的词有好几个,我们来看看他们的区别。 applaud 尤指对出色的表演或高尚的行为等的大声叫好,热烈鼓掌。 praise 普通用词,指用言语或其他方式表示赞扬。 commend 正式用词,指对某人的具体功绩或重大成就表示嘉奖。 compliment 侧重客气和礼貌,有时含恭维之意。 All the audience applaud to their excellent performance. 所有的观众对他们的精彩演出拍手叫好。 9. apt a. 易于;恰当的 apt表示“易于”,是说一种可能性。英语中表示可能性的词还有likely,他们的区别如下。 apt多用于口语,指自然的习惯或倾向,没有褒贬的感情意味。 likely则侧重可能性,用于指将来,语言希望或不希望的结果。 Iron is apt to rust. 铁很容易生锈。 10. array n. 陈列, 一系列 array作为名词时是单数名词,谓语动词要用单数。 an array of 一系列 When hearing the sickness of her daughter, the mother bought an array of fruit to school. 听到女儿生病的消息,这位母亲买了一大堆水果到学校。 1. arrogant a. 傲慢的 说到“傲慢的”,还有一个常见的形容词haughty,大家可以结合起来记。 His arrogant tone drives me mad. 他那傲慢的口气真让我抓狂。 2. ascend v. 上升;攀登 表示攀登的词还有climb,它们二者的区别如下: ascend 正式用词,多指不用手攀一直上升到很高的地方。 climb 普通用词,含义广泛。既可指运用手足之力攀登上升,也可用于指抽象事物。 The balloon ascends to the sky soon. 气球很快升到了高空。 3. ascribe v. 归因于 表示“把……归于……”意思的还有attribute,这两个词的细微区别在于 ascribe 指根据推论或猜想把……归于某人或某物,含有较多的主观臆断成分。 attribute 指处于相信而把……归于某人或某物,客观性更强。 He is always ascribing his failure to bad luck. 他总是将自己的失败归结于运气太差。 4. aspiration n. 抱负;渴望;志向 这个词是由aspire加后缀tion组成,含ambition、intention、goal、target等意思。 What's your aspiration in the next five years? 未来的五年里你有何志向吗? 5. assault n. & v. 攻击;袭击 表示攻击的词有好几个,我们来看看他们的具体区别。 assault 突然而猛烈的进攻 attack 普通用词,含义广泛,指事先不发动警告的主动攻击。既可指武力进攻,也可直言与攻击。 aggression 词义较宽泛,既可指对别国领土的武装攻击,也可指经济、文化方面的侵略。侧重野心和征服企图。 invasion 既可指具体的侵入或对别国领土的侵犯,也可用于抽象事件。 A robber assaulted him when he was making a phone call. 在他打电话时,一个歹徒突袭了他。 6. assert v. 断言 表示“断言、声称”之意的词有以下几个,它们之间在具体含义上也有些差别。 assert 主观意味较强,指自认为某事就是如此,而不管事实如何。 affirm 侧重做出短断言时的坚定、不可动摇的态度。 claim 与assert相近,但语气较弱一些,侧重指行使自己的权利,并提出要求令他人承认。 America asserted that Iraq maintained nuclear weapon. 美国断言伊拉克持有核武器。 7. assurance n. 保证;把握;确信;保险 它的动词形式是assure。 I have full assurance that we will win this time. 我有绝对的把握,这一次我们一定能赢。 8. attendant n. 服务员;随从 adj. 伴随的 The attendants of the prince are very careful about the people he encounters. 王子的随从对他接触的人十分谨慎。 9. authentic a. 真实的, 可靠的 表示真实的有好几个词,它们的区别如下: authentic 多指古董、珍贵画作或文件等的真实可靠性。 true 指同实际情况或标准完全一致,多用于口语。 actual 指事物(包括知识、行为、价值等)的实际存在,并非主观臆造。 He told me that he got an authentic coin from Song dynasty. 他跟我说他有一枚宋朝的钱币。 10. avert v. 避开、转移 The thief intended to avert the stolen property. 小偷试图转移那些偷来的财物。 1. bald a. 秃顶的 这个词的拼写是b-a-l-d,还有一个词bold看起来长得很像,但意思截然不同,bold 是指粗体的,醒目的,大胆的。 A bald man is considered to be intelligent. 人们通常认为秃顶的人充满智慧。 2. barren a. 荒芜的;不能生育的 n. 荒地 barren指土壤缺少肥力,无草无木,贫瘠荒凉。 After years' effort, the barren land has been turned into fertile fields. 经过几年的努力,这些贫瘠的土地终于变成了良田。 3. betray v. 背叛;泄露;出卖 betray sb. 背叛某人 Never betray your friends! 永远别背叛你的朋友! 4. bewilder v. 使迷惑;使不知所措 表示迷惑的几个词还有puzzle,confuse和perplex,它们的区别如下: bewilder 指因为迷惑不解或惊慌失措而慌乱和茫然,表现为心理和智力上的混乱,语气很强。 puzzle 指因为情况过于复杂而使人困惑不解。 confuse 使混乱,使糊涂。常指把事物混淆或弄乱以至于把人弄糊涂。 perplex 正式用语,包含puzzle的意思,同时还侧重指因心情困惑或犹豫不决,不知道该如何行动。 The old man was bewildered by the traffic light when he first went to the city. 这位老人第一次进城时对红绿灯感到很困惑。 5. bias n. 偏见 bias常指依据个人好恶或成见而提出有偏差的意见或判断,与它同意思的词是prejudice,它侧重于除了私人感情外毫无根据的判断或成见。 The generation of my father's and grandfather's have a bias against Japanese products. 我父亲和爷爷那一辈的人对日本产品有抵触情绪。 6. blaze v. 燃烧;发强光 n. 火焰,烈火,光辉 blaze up 突然燃烧起来,勃然大怒 表示火焰、光辉的词还有很多,它们的区别如下: blaze 指猛烈燃烧产生的焰火或光亮,规模较大,比如火灾。 flash 指突然发出后随即消失的光,如闪电等。 glitter 连续发出闪烁不定的光,如夜晚飞机的信号光。 light 普通用词,指日月星辰、灯光烛火的光。 flame 多用复数形式,既可指小火焰,如打火机点火时的火焰,也可用于指火灾中的数条火舌。 The fireman was prevented by the blaze. 消防员被大火挡住了前行的脚步。 7. bleak a. 荒凉的;凄凉的;无希望的 If you don't work hard now, you will get a bleak future. 你现在不好好努力,将来也将前途暗淡。 8. blink v. 眨眼睛;闪烁 on the blink 失灵,坏掉,出毛病 The screen of the TV is blinking continuously. 电视屏幕一直闪个不停。 9. blunder n. 大错;失策 v. 绊倒,失策,犯错 表示错误的词有很多,它们之间的区别也很大: blunder 通常指由于无知或不明情况造成行动或判断上的重大失误。 fault 一般指较小、可宽容的小错误或缺点。 error 指因思想或行动背离正常轨道或程序而出现偏差或错误,如计算机编程里的错误等。 mistake 普通用词,泛指思想、行为或认识上判断、理解的错误。 flaw 指结构或组织上的缺点。用作比喻意义时,指品格上的缺陷。 I can't believe that you made such a blunder. 我简直无法相信你竟然犯了这样的错误。 10. bluntly ad. 直言不讳地;坦率地 表示坦率还有两个词frankly和straightforward,它们的区别如下: bluntly 指讲话坦白直率,不客气,也隐含不得体、不顾及他人感受等意味。 frankly 强调毫无保留地畅所欲言,不受任何的约束。 straightforward 指回答别人的问话、提问时直截了当,不回避或故弄玄虚。 It is improper to criticise others bluntly. 不顾颜面地批评别人不太合适。 2013年12月英语六级写作必备逻辑词汇 本文为备考英语六级词汇的同学整理了部分逻辑连接词的辨析,希望大家多加练习,祝同学们取得优异的英语六级成绩。 虽然:although, despite, though, while, as: Although:位于句首; Though:位于主句后; Despite:在“虽然”中,唯一的介词; While:必须置于主句之前; As:形容词,副词,名词(单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an),行为动词(带状语或宾语)之于句首,引起部分倒装,例如: Poor as he was, he was honest。 as/though/that she was, she was more clever than an adult。 注意!much as作“虽然”讲,为固定用法。 最后,最终:finally, eventually Finally:表示一系列事物和论点的顺序,一般不带感情色彩; Eventually:将必然发生的结局,可用于预卜未来。 特别地,尤其地:especially, particularly, peculiarly, specially Especially:多用于正式文体; Specially:在表示“为了某一特殊目的时”,只能用这个; Particularly:特别提及或强调地;个别地或具体地,有时可与especially通用; Peculiarly:与众不同,罕见地,强调独特型。 当……时候: as, when, while (1):when从句谓语动词所表示的动作可以发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动词之前,而while和as从句谓语动词表示的动作一般都与主句谓语动词同时发生; (2):when/as 从句表示的时间可以是某一瞬间或某一点,而while从句不能只时间的一点,因为while 意为“for as long as”或“during the time that”; (3):当as,when,while表示两个动作同时发生时,一般而言,while表示的动作持续时间较长,而as/when表示的动作持续的时间较短; (4):可用when/while+doing,但as不行 (5):while从句的动词即可表动作又可表状态,而as从句中的动词只能表示动作; (6):when引导的从句也可以是新信息,这是when作“and at this moment”或“and then”讲,意为“这时突然”或“然后”。 因为:because, as, since, for Because:从句是重点,一般位于主句之后; As:主句是重点,原因只是附带说明,不能用于回答“why”; Since:意思与as相近,但是语气更加强和正式,用来表示显然的,已知的理由; For:理由只是补充说明,有时相当于because,即可表直接原因,但有时则不可,例如: The ground is wet this morning, for/because it rained last night。 It is morning, for the birds are singing in the trees。(注意!鸟唱歌不是早晨来临的原因。) 所以:therefore, hence, consequently, then, accordingly, so Therefore:它引出的语句属于由前述内容得出的结论; Hence:可与therefore换用,但强调前述内容的重要性; Consequently:较正式,但不总包含推理的必然,倒是包含结论有依据或是可能性; Then:表逻辑上的承上启下,多见于条件句; Accordingly:其内涵顺其自然或依通例行事,而不是一种必然或不可避免的事; So:最通俗,其为其中唯一的连词! 大学英语六级听力考试必背的120个重要习语 只要大家坚持用心去练,肯定会对你们听力提高会有帮助的,而且在考试的时候你会发现这样的效果特别好,当然这种感觉是建立在你大量练习和能力提高的基础上的。 above all - most importantly account for - explain as a matter of fact - in fact ,to speak the truth as a rule - generally ;normally about to - be ready to;be on the point of doing something an old hand - be an experienced persom any day now -soon approach sb -talk to sb be fed up with - be out of patience with be on one’s own - live independently be on the safe side - take no chances be out of something - have no longer in supply be tired of - be bored with ,frustrated with be up to ones’ears - be extremely busy be up to someone -be a person’s responsibility be out for -trying to get be out of the question - be unacceptable ,impossible bite off more than one can chew - take on more than one can handle break down - cease to function break the ice - begin to be friendly wuth people one doesn’t know break the news - inform or give bad news brush up on - imporve noe’s knowledge of something through study bump into - meet unexpectedly by and large - in general by heart - by memory by all means - absolutely ,definitely by no means - in no way call off -cancel cheer up - be happy come down with - become sick with come into -receive,especially after another’s death come up with - think of count on - depend upon count out - eliminate die down - become quiet ,become less do without - manage without something drop by - visit informally; pay a short visit every other - alternate fall behind - lag; fail to accomplish something on time fall through - fail to happen or be completed far cry form - completely different from;a long way feel like - have a desire or wish for feel up to - feel well enough to or be capabele of few and far between - not happening often; rate figure out - determine; reason out by thinking fill in for -take another’s place fill sb.in - tell what sb. should know fish out of water - out of one’s element or natural environment flying colors -success,victory for good - permanently; forever for the time being - for now; temporarily get away with - escape without punishment get rid of - give something away; sell, destroy, or throw away something get the ball rolling - start something; make a beginning get the hang of - understand; learn give a hand - help go without saying - understood; clear without needing to be stated go off -begin to ring hang on - keep hold of; persevere;keep doing something hard to come by - difficult to obtain have a heart - have kind feelings; be understanding have a hunch - have an idea based on feelings rather than reason hold off - delay;postpone hop to it - get started on something quickly hit it off - get along well with someone ill at ease - uncomfortable in hot water - in trouble in the air -uncertain in the dark - keep someone without knowdge; information from somenoe in the lone run - looking toward the future; eventually ins and outs - all the details; the various parts and difficulties to be seen iron out - remove the difficulties or find an answer for jump to conclusions - arrive too quickly at a decision or opinion keep an eye on - watch closely keep one’sfingers crossed - wish that nothing goes wrong keep on one’s toes - be ready for action; prepared knock oneself out - make a great effort learn the ropes - learn the rules and routines of a place or activity little by little -gradually make ends meet - to get just enough money for noe’s needs make out - manage;get along mean to - intentional; on purpose might as well - to have no strong reson not to hang on - keep hold of; persevere;keep doing something hard to come by - difficult to obtain have a heart - have kind feelings; be understanding have a hunch - have an idea based on feelings rather than reason hold off - delay;postpone hop to it - get started on something quickly hit it off - get along well with someone ill at ease - uncomfortable in hot water - in trouble in the air -uncertain in the dark - keep someone without knowdge; information from somenoe in the lone run - looking toward the future; eventually ins and outs - all the details; the various parts and difficulties to be seen iron out - remove the difficulties or find an answer for jump to conclusions - arrive too quickly at a decision or opinion keep an eye on - watch closely keep one’sfingers crossed - wish that nothing goes wrong keep on one’s toes - be ready for action; prepared knock oneself out - make a great effort learn the ropes - learn the rules and routines of a place or activity little by little -gradually make ends meet - to get just enough money for noe’s needs make out - manage;get along mean to - intentional; on purpose might as well - to have no strong reson not to