词汇学综合练习11.Decidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse.1.Awordisthesmallestformofalanguage.2.Thereisnointrinsicrelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningastheconnectionbetweenthemisarbitraryandconventional.3.EnglishismorecloselyrelatedtoGermanthanFrench.5.OldEnglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguage.6.Themostimportantmodeofvocabularydevelopmentinpresent-dayEnglishiscreationofnewwordsbymeansofwordformation.7.Themeaningofacompoundisusuallythecombinationofthecomponents.8.Suchwordsasthepoorer,thedeparted,aRepublicanareallexamplesofpartialconversion.9.Asarule,thestressofcompoundsfallsonthefirstelement.10.Theconversionbetweennounsandverbsmayinvolveachangeofstress.2.AnalyzethefollowinglexicalgroupsandstatethroughwhatlanguagestheycameintoEnglish1.cake,knife,crop,egg,ill,husband2.honour,court,chivalry,heritage,literature3.carouse,plunder,zinc,dock,quarts,cobalt4.genius,stratum,inertia,memorandum,formula5.pedestal,cornice,cupola,sonata,fresco6.plaza,mulatto,embargo,armada,galleon7.sultan,roc,yashmak,ghoul,harem,sheikh8.sampan,liche,ketchup,kaolin,typhoon9.czar,troika,commissar,intelligentsia10.geometry,gymnastics,tragedy,prologuephilology,myth3.LookupthesewordsinadictionarytodeterminethelanguagefromwhicheachhasbeenborrowedandthentranslatethemintoChinese.yachttaboo(Polynesian)cottonchocolatecoolieczarkimonochiliwontontatamiMuslinkangaroovoodoowoksauerkraut4.Writethetermsintheblanksaccordingtothedefinition:Aminimalmeaningfulunitofalanguage()Oneofthevariantsthatrealizeamorpheme()Amorphemethatoccurswithatleastoneothermorpheme()Amorphemethatcanstandalone()Amorphemeattachedtoastemorroot()Anaffixthatindicatesgrammaticalrelationships()Anaffixthatformsnewwordswithastemorroot()5.Turnthefollowingnounsandadjectivesintoverbswithsuffixes–en,-ify,-izeandthenchooseappropriateverbstofillintheblanksinthesentencesthatfollow.hardhorrormodernmemoryfalseapologydeepglorysterilelengthintensebeautyfatsympathyHe____forinterruptingher.Shetriedto___herroomwithpostersandplants.c.Astudyhasbeenorderedintothefeasibilityof____theairport’smainrunwaybytwohundredmeters.d.Howevermuchthey___withher,theyallfeltitwasherfault.e.Soyaisexcellentfoodto___cattle.f.Fortythousandpoundhadbeenspenton___thestation.g.___thebottlesbyimmersingtheminboilingwaterforfifteenminutes.6.TurnthephrasalverbsbelowintocompoundsandtranslatethemintoChinesebreakoutfalldownbreakthroughcryouttakeinrunawayslidedownhangover7.Pickoutthewordswhichyouthinkareconvertedinthefollowingsentencesandexplainhowtheyareconverted.Wecan’tstomachsuchaninsult.RobertAchesonroomedrightnexttome.Hewolfeddownhislunch.Thereisnocomeandgowithher.I’moneofhisfamiliars.Poorinnocents.Sheflattedherlastnotes.Theengineersahedandouchedatthenewmachines.Cometothefireandhaveawarm.IsBillJacksonahas-beenormight-havebeen?HeHamletedatthechanceandthenheregrettedforit.Theseshoeswereanexcellentbuy.Heturnedhisheadandsmoothedbackthehairoveronetemple.Womenhaveanequalsayinaffairsathome.Wemusttrainourselvestodistinguishrightfromwrong.Theybraveda40-below-zerostormtorescuethefarm’scattle.