吉林广播电视大学

吉林广播电视大学 计算机应用专业(专科)专业 吉林广播电视大学开展的现代远程开放教育“计算机应用”专业(专科)试点，是教育部“人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点”研究课题之一，也是吉林电大 00秋开放教育试点专业(专科) 中的理工科专业。 一、 专业介绍 “计算机应用”专业(专科)培养社会主义建设所需要的，德、智、体全面发展并能适应市场经济需要的，面向基层的应用型高等专门人才。为了适应市场需求和各地不同人才培养目标的要求，本专业设置了四个培养方向: ?计算机控制方向: 毕业后能够从事计算机硬件系统应用与维护和小型控制系统的应用、开发与维护工作。 ?计算机应用软件开发方向: 毕业后能够从事一般应用软件与CAD、CAI软件的开发、应用与维护工作。 ?计算机信息管理方向: 毕业后能够从事信息管理系统的应用、开发与维护工作。 ?计算机网络方向: 毕业后能够参加计算机网络建设、从事管理以及应用开发工作。 二、 入学条件: 本专业招生对象为普通高中、职业高中、技工学校和中等专业学校毕业者。为了保证吉林电大开放教育“计算机应用”专业教学计划的实施，特制定本实施方案。 三、教学组织形式和教学过程 (一)教学组织形式 1(采用"以学生个别化学习为主，教师辅导为辅"的学习模式。 Shang, and action Shang with to XI comrade for General Secretary of Central keep height consistent; any when are put discipline rules is in front, enhanced organization concept, and obey Organization decided; to set right of worldview, and Outlook on life And to lead a clean slim family, always adhere to the Communists ' spiritual home; to consciously practice the party's purpose, keeping qualities. CPC requirements in section-level cadres above to be a benchmark, play an exemplary role, "adhere to the loyal clean play, Jiao Yulu-a good cadre of" activities carried out in the ordinary party members "practicing pioneer standard post set up" activities. We all party members to further enhance political par core, situation awareness, awareness, awareness, belief and faith, according to positions, downtown River regulation, diversion of hydraulic Process, protection of the mother River, rural safety water drinking project, construction of flood control and drought relief, water in ecological civilization construction and other key, think, often, more active, hands-on, disciplined and strict rules, play, courage, give full play to the exemplary role, the successful completion of tasks. Three "reform" as the core of real change, completely change, and change image. This fundamental aim of education in order to solve the problem, for this reason, we insist on problem-oriented, enhance the awareness of problems, problems of reform in place, continuous improvement in style, to better serve the people, to better promote the water conservancy work. First of all, to find the problem. I'm learning education programme, in view of the current construction of the party, proposed to focus on solution of fuzzy ideals and beliefs waver, consciousness, purpose of the party weak sense, honesty and self-discipline awareness is not strong, depressed, six issues of ethical misconduct. Vast numbers of party members and cadres should closely real life personal and ideological work, reflections on the standard control, check the pendulum problem, pinpoint problems, get real, deep, identification, find the main "target", laying the Foundation for further corrective action implementation. 传统的教学模式是以教师"教"为中心的灌输式教学形式，组班教学，面授占的比例较大，学生的自主学习能力较差。此次试点将实行"以学生个别化学习为主，教师辅导为辅"的教学模式，不按传统的教学班形式组织教学，可以成立相对固定的学习小组，展开讨论、实验、教师辅导、答疑等活动，时间灵活，力求高效率。这种"教"与"学"模式的转变，是远程开放教育的必然要求。这种学习小组一般应按课程组织，期末解散，定期组织课程重点、难点、作业的讨论，参加社会调查、社会实践、课程实验、教师辅导、答疑等活动。 各试点单位的辅导教师负责指导学生选修课程，解决日常的课程辅导(不宜过多)、答疑、组织讨论等教学工作。 2(建立分级教学、分级辅导的体制 课程主讲教师:由聘请的高等院校相关课程的计算机教师担任，负责课程的授课，集中辅导、集中答疑。 课程主持教师:由吉林电大计算机教研室教师担任，负责解答试点电大教师的问题，典型的共性问题由吉林电大教师整理后，反馈给主讲教师。并在吉林电大开放教育主页设立有关栏目。 课程辅导教师:由试点单位计算机课程教师担任，进行教学集中辅导、答疑、将学生在学习过程中的共性问题及时反馈给吉林电大。 (二)教学过程 1(授课及集中辅导 由聘请的高等院校相关课程的计算机教师担任课程主讲，采用录像、直播课堂、VBI、计算机网页等形式讲授课程及集中辅导并根据不同课程的特点，分阶段配备VCD、CAI课件、自测盘等媒体。鼓励有条件的试点单位将吉林电大提供的有关教学素材进行数字化处理，并将信息存储在服务器硬盘中，提供学生使用。 2(听课 采用学生自主安排学习进度的方式，利用学校的视听教室/视听阅览室自行借阅录像带、VCD光盘听课学习(亦可以购买视听VCD光盘在家中学习)。 3( 作业及实验 本专业应注重对学生实际应用能力的培养和训练。强调对教学过程的监控。规定每门课程的作业要占一定的成绩，由试点单位的辅导教师负责批改，给定成绩。 规定课程有实验或大作业，学生必须按规定完成，并提交实验。由试点单位的辅导教师负责批改，给定成绩。 Shang, and action Shang with to XI comrade for General Secretary of Central keep height consistent; any when are put discipline rules is in front, enhanced organization concept, and obey Organization decided; to set right of worldview, and Outlook on life And to lead a clean slim family, always adhere to the Communists ' spiritual home; to consciously practice the party's purpose, keeping qualities. CPC requirements in section-level cadres above to be a benchmark, play an exemplary role, "adhere to the loyal clean play, Jiao Yulu-a good cadre of" activities carried out in the ordinary party members "practicing pioneer standard post set up" activities. We all party members to further enhance political par core, situation awareness, awareness, awareness, belief and faith, according to positions, downtown River regulation, diversion of hydraulic Process, protection of the mother River, rural safety water drinking project, construction of flood control and drought relief, water in ecological civilization construction and other key, think, often, more active, hands-on, disciplined and strict rules, play, courage, give full play to the exemplary role, the successful completion of tasks. Three "reform" as the core of real change, completely change, and change image. This fundamental aim of education in order to solve the problem, for this reason, we insist on problem-oriented, enhance the awareness of problems, problems of reform in place, continuous improvement in style, to better serve the people, to better promote the water conservancy work. First of all, to find the problem. I'm learning education programme, in view of the current construction of the party, proposed to focus on solution of fuzzy ideals and beliefs waver, consciousness, purpose of the party weak sense, honesty and self-discipline awareness is not strong, depressed, six issues of ethical misconduct. Vast numbers of party members and cadres should closely real life personal and ideological work, reflections on the standard control, check the pendulum problem, pinpoint problems, get real, deep, identification, find the main "target", laying the Foundation for further corrective action implementation. 4( 命题与考试 课程考核分为终结性考核和形成性考核两部分。两者比例按各门课程教学大纲的要求，一般为8:2。终结性考核的试题一般为笔试，形成性考核注重体现学生的平时作业和实验，由地方电大根据课程教学要求组织实施。课程总成绩按吉林电大电校考[1999]18号文件关于课程总成绩计算公式核算且要求两部分成绩均为及格。 5(毕业答辩 学生必须完成本专业的毕业设计，毕业设计应重点培养学生综合运用所学理论知识和技能解决实际问题的能力，选题要尽量选择与现实任务相联系的题目。集中实践环节不得免修。吉林电大将对试点电大的毕业答辩情况进行抽查。 6( 免修免考 符合免修免考条件的统设必修课程可申请免修免考，但必须严格按照"吉林广播电视大学开放教育学籍管理办法"第三条"课程免修免考和学分替代"的原则执行。 四、 多种媒体教材和教学服务体系 (一)多种媒体教材 编制适合学生自主学习的教材是搞好远程开放学习的基础。为此，我们针对成人教育和专业课程的特点和要求，精心设计和选择合适的媒体，力争编制出深入浅出、难易得当的自主学习材料 。 1( 文字教材 文字教材是课程的主要媒体，为了体现远程开放教育的特点，文字教材既要追踪学科的先进性，又要深入浅出、便于自学。每门课程的文字教材包括主教材(含例题、课程作业)和实验教材。都设计有导学的内容，引导学习者学会自主学习。 2( 音像教材 提供统设必修课程的录像等，重点表现课程的重点、难点，有些课程根据其自身的特点，直接提供VCD光盘。 3( CAI课件及自测盘等 分阶段制作课程的CAI 课件，并提供课程的自测盘。 总之，应根据课程的性质、特点，采取不同的教学媒体，优化组合，在实际教学中不断探索，力争达到较好的教学效果。 Shang, and action Shang with to XI comrade for General Secretary of Central keep height consistent; any when are put discipline rules is in front, enhanced organization concept, and obey Organization decided; to set right of worldview, and Outlook on life And to lead a clean slim family, always adhere to the Communists ' spiritual home; to consciously practice the party's purpose, keeping qualities. CPC requirements in section-level cadres above to be a benchmark, play an exemplary role, "adhere to the loyal clean play, Jiao Yulu-a good cadre of" activities carried out in the ordinary party members "practicing pioneer standard post set up" activities. We all party members to further enhance political par core, situation awareness, awareness, awareness, belief and faith, according to positions, downtown River regulation, diversion of hydraulic Process, protection of the mother River, rural safety water drinking project, construction of flood control and drought relief, water in ecological civilization construction and other key, think, often, more active, hands-on, disciplined and strict rules, play, courage, give full play to the exemplary role, the successful completion of tasks. Three "reform" as the core of real change, completely change, and change image. This fundamental aim of education in order to solve the problem, for this reason, we insist on problem-oriented, enhance the awareness of problems, problems of reform in place, continuous improvement in style, to better serve the people, to better promote the water conservancy work. First of all, to find the problem. I'm learning education programme, in view of the current construction of the party, proposed to focus on solution of fuzzy ideals and beliefs waver, consciousness, purpose of the party weak sense, honesty and self-discipline awareness is not strong, depressed, six issues of ethical misconduct. Vast numbers of party members and cadres should closely real life personal and ideological work, reflections on the standard control, check the pendulum problem, pinpoint problems, get real, deep, identification, find the main "target", laying the Foundation for further corrective action implementation. (二)教学服务体系 计算机技术和通信技术的飞速发展，为我们真正遵循远程开放教育特点进行多种媒体配合教学，改变落后的现状提供了强有力的物质保证。由于远程开放教育与传统教育相比，在整个学习过程中，教师和学生处于准永久性分离状态，所以提供完善的教学支持服务就更加重要。我们应利用一切可利用的传媒进行教师与学生之间的交流，形成一个强大的学生自助学习系统，以消除教与学的时空障碍，确保学习自由、高效。从传输信道来看，目前实际可利用的有卫星系统、Internet和计算机局域网。其中实时反馈问题的解决，为提高教学质量，真正实现远程开放教育，提供了一个重要的突破。 1( 教学服务 对于新开设专业的试点电大，吉林电大提供本专业的指导性教学计划、专业实施方案及本学期开设的统设必修课程的课程实施方案及有关的课程信息，课程信息包括每门课程使用的教学媒体类型，课程教学安排与进度，卫星直播集中辅导时间及内容，期末复习安排等。 2( 辅导的交互 远程辅导:课程主讲教师提供课程的集中辅导，以卫星直播课堂或录像方式播出。每学期为1~3次(对于该课程的首学期而言)，其余根据课程教学情况而定。 面授辅导:试点单位的专职或兼职辅导教师，应选择学生方便的时间安排学习小组到校集中讲解、答疑，我们希望在集中面授辅导课之前，学生已经在各自的学习小组中讨论解决了一些学习疑难问题。集中辅导的次数不宜过多，每次辅导要，以备教学检查。 3( 答疑网络 辅导教师答疑:解决学习小组提出的一般性问题;提炼学习者的典型、共性问题。辅导教师不能解决的问题，通过书信/电话/Email/网上答疑信箱反映至吉林电大主持教师处。 主持教师答疑:通过书信/电话/ Email等解决辅导教师的提问，共性问题在VBI/网页发布。 主讲教师答疑:学习者的共性、典型疑问，通过直播课堂进行集中讲解。 设立本专业的网上讨论，对于网络不发达的地区，建议使用VBI广播方式。 4( 专业网页 吉林电大在本校开放教育主页设立“计算机应用”专业栏目，及时发布本专业的相关文件(教学计划、课程大纲等)、课程信息(使用教材、课程播出、答疑等)、考试信息、培训信息、检查评估信息等，方便试点单位教师及学习者查阅、安排教学。 Shang, and action Shang with to XI comrade for General Secretary of Central keep height consistent; any when are put discipline rules is in front, enhanced organization concept, and obey Organization decided; to set right of worldview, and Outlook on life And to lead a clean slim family, always adhere to the Communists ' spiritual home; to consciously practice the party's purpose, keeping qualities. CPC requirements in section-level cadres above to be a benchmark, play an exemplary role, "adhere to the loyal clean play, Jiao Yulu-a good cadre of" activities carried out in the ordinary party members "practicing pioneer standard post set up" activities. We all party members to further enhance political par core, situation awareness, awareness, awareness, belief and faith, according to positions, downtown River regulation, diversion of hydraulic Process, protection of the mother River, rural safety water drinking project, construction of flood control and drought relief, water in ecological civilization construction and other key, think, often, more active, hands-on, disciplined and strict rules, play, courage, give full play to the exemplary role, the successful completion of tasks. Three "reform" as the core of real change, completely change, and change image. This fundamental aim of education in order to solve the problem, for this reason, we insist on problem-oriented, enhance the awareness of problems, problems of reform in place, continuous improvement in style, to better serve the people, to better promote the water conservancy work. First of all, to find the problem. I'm learning education programme, in view of the current construction of the party, proposed to focus on solution of fuzzy ideals and beliefs waver, consciousness, purpose of the party weak sense, honesty and self-discipline awareness is not strong, depressed, six issues of ethical misconduct. Vast numbers of party members and cadres should closely real life personal and ideological work, reflections on the standard control, check the pendulum problem, pinpoint problems, get real, deep, identification, find the main "target", laying the Foundation for further corrective action implementation. 五、 质量保证体系 (一) 办学条件(设备) 试点电大应具有: ?自学辅导教室(集中辅导/答疑/讨论); ?专业图书资料室(借阅); ?计算机实验室(软、硬件实验)，; ?视听教室(保证外语教学、学生看课程录像); ?多媒体教室(演示课件等)。 (二)师资队伍建设 试点单位的辅导教师直接面对学习者，担负着辅导、答疑、讨论、指导实验、批改作业、反馈信息、评卷、指导、参与答辩等多项工作，他们的自身素质、教学和管理水平，直接影响着教学质量和效果，对于整个试点项目的成败起着重要作用。因此，提高试点电大教师的业务和管理水平是实施远程开放教育的重要保证。 1( 对试点单位教师的要求 (1) 专职教师 ?每个试点单位必须具有3名以上计算机专业本科(以上)毕业的专职教师，其中副高以上职称的教师至少2名。他们主要担负远程开放教育课程的研究、教学媒体的建设及教学辅导等工作; ?必须具有远程开放教育的观念，熟悉电大办学的特点; ? 参加吉林电大组织的各门课程的集中培训。 (2)兼职教师 ?外聘兼职教师必须具有讲师以上(含讲师)专业技术职称; ?外聘教师需经试点单位对其进行远程开放教育及电大办学特点进行培训后方可上岗。 2(培训 因为专科开放教育试点“计算机应用” 专业教学计划与吉林电大99级普招、成招专业Shang, and action Shang with to XI comrade for General Secretary of Central keep height consistent; any when are put discipline rules is in front, enhanced organization concept, and obey Organization decided; to set right of worldview, and Outlook on life And to lead a clean slim family, always adhere to the Communists ' spiritual home; to consciously practice the party's purpose, keeping qualities. CPC requirements in section-level cadres above to be a benchmark, play an exemplary role, "adhere to the loyal clean play, Jiao Yulu-a good cadre of" activities carried out in the ordinary party members "practicing pioneer standard post set up" activities. We all party members to further enhance political par core, situation awareness, awareness, awareness, belief and faith, according to positions, downtown River regulation, diversion of hydraulic Process, protection of the mother River, rural safety water drinking project, construction of flood control and drought relief, water in ecological civilization construction and other key, think, often, more active, hands-on, disciplined and strict rules, play, courage, give full play to the exemplary role, the successful completion of tasks. Three "reform" as the core of real change, completely change, and change image. This fundamental aim of education in order to solve the problem, for this reason, we insist on problem-oriented, enhance the awareness of problems, problems of reform in place, continuous improvement in style, to better serve the people, to better promote the water conservancy work. First of all, to find the problem. I'm learning education programme, in view of the current construction of the party, proposed to focus on solution of fuzzy ideals and beliefs waver, consciousness, purpose of the party weak sense, honesty and self-discipline awareness is not strong, depressed, six issues of ethical misconduct. Vast numbers of party members and cadres should closely real life personal and ideological work, reflections on the standard control, check the pendulum problem, pinpoint problems, get real, deep, identification, find the main "target", laying the Foundation for further corrective action implementation. 教学计划改革融为了一体，所有新开设的统设必修课程均由吉林电大组织相应的课程培训，开放教育各课程的培训不再单独进行。 六、 教学评估与监控 对远程开放教育进行教学评估与监控是保证教学方案实施、保证教学质量的有利手段，关系到整个试点的成功与否。评估工作要不断在实践中发现问题，解决问题，促进整体教学质量的提高。在试点开始初期，试点电大根据吉林电大提供的有关教学文件需提供: ?专业实施性教学计划; ?专业教学实施细则; ?统设课程教学实施细则。 吉林电大组成检查小组对试点单位的教学过程进行定期检查和抽查，主要包括以下内容: ?教学资源利用及教学硬件、软件提供情况; ?课程集中辅导及答疑情况; ?平时作业 、课程实验及集中实践环节实施情况 ; ?学生毕业论文、答辩情况及评语; ? 考试及试卷情况; ? 试点电大的教学支持服务情况，以及对辅导教师、主持教师的评判。 “人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点”项目是教育部组织实施的"现代远程教育工程"的重要组成部分，是广播电视大学改革人才培养模式、发展现代远程教育的重要实验，这是一项重要的科学研究项目，没有成熟的经验。我们将在这项工作的实施过程中，边实践，边，边研究，我们不仅要在理论的指导下发展实践，更要不断从实践中总结经验，切实提高教学质量，完善我们对具有中国特色的远程开放教育规律的认识。这就是我们设计专业教学实施方案的指导思想。 吉林广播电视大学理工部 开放教育课题研究组 Shang, and action Shang with to XI comrade for General Secretary of Central keep height consistent; any when are put discipline rules is in front, enhanced organization concept, and obey Organization decided; to set right of worldview, and Outlook on life And to lead a clean slim family, always adhere to the Communists ' spiritual home; to consciously practice the party's purpose, keeping qualities. CPC requirements in section-level cadres above to be a benchmark, play an exemplary role, "adhere to the loyal clean play, Jiao Yulu-a good cadre of" activities carried out in the ordinary party members "practicing pioneer standard post set up" activities. We all party members to further enhance political par core, situation awareness, awareness, awareness, belief and faith, according to positions, downtown River regulation, diversion of hydraulic Process, protection of the mother River, rural safety water drinking project, construction of flood control and drought relief, water in ecological civilization construction and other key, think, often, more active, hands-on, disciplined and strict rules, play, courage, give full play to the exemplary role, the successful completion of tasks. Three "reform" as the core of real change, completely change, and change image. This fundamental aim of education in order to solve the problem, for this reason, we insist on problem-oriented, enhance the awareness of problems, problems of reform in place, continuous improvement in style, to better serve the people, to better promote the water conservancy work. First of all, to find the problem. I'm learning education programme, in view of the current construction of the party, proposed to focus on solution of fuzzy ideals and beliefs waver, consciousness, purpose of the party weak sense, honesty and self-discipline awareness is not strong, depressed, six issues of ethical misconduct. Vast numbers of party members and cadres should closely real life personal and ideological work, reflections on the standard control, check the pendulum problem, pinpoint problems, get real, deep, identification, find the main "target", laying the Foundation for further corrective action implementation.