英语字母组合发音规律秘诀

英语字母组合发音规律秘诀 英语字母组合发音规律秘诀 1(开音节 1)以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。 例:be，he。 2)以辅音字母(r 除外)+不发音的e结尾的音节。 例:make，like。 * 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。 2(闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母(r 除外)结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节， 称为闭音节。例:map，desk，is。 * 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。 字母a，e，i，o，u 在重读音节中的读法 字母 名称 位置 读音 举例 a /ei/ 开音节 /ei/ name，take 闭音节 /æ / map，bag e /i:/ 开音节 /i:/ be，he 闭音节 /e/ egg，best /ai/ i 开音节 /ai/ like，kite 闭音节 /i/ bit，fit o /ou/ 开音节 /Eu/ note，no 闭音节 // dog，lot u /ju:/ 开音节 /ju:/ mute，use 闭音节 // bus，cut 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 [Eu] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 [E] clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday，但u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如: June blue ruler super。但u在闭音节中 [?] bus cup jump much lunch medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high 二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母读音例词 a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [?] come monkey love mother 三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母读音例词 a [E] China another woman breakfast [i ] orange comrade village cabbage e [E] hundred student open weekend [i ] chicken pocket begin children i [E]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite o [E] second tonight somebody welcome [Eu] also zero photo u [E] autumn difficult [ju(:)] popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如:operate u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:) ]音，例如:July influence February issue 在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。 四、-r音节元音字母组合 1、在重读音节中的读音元音字母组合读音例词 ?、ar 一般发音 [α:] car farm dark sharpener 在[w]音后面 [c:] warm quarter towards ?、or 一般发音 [c:] forty morning short 在[w]音后面 [E:] word worker worse ?、er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday ?、辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry 2、在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 五、-re音节元音字母组合 1、在重读音节中的读音 are [εE] care dare hare ere [iE] here mere ire [aiE] fire hire wire ore [c:] more score before ure [juE] pure cure medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high 2、在非重读音节中are ere ire ore很少出现，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如:picture pleasure 3、重读元音字母+r+非重读元音字母组时，重读元音字母应按a(e,i,o,u)re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring 4、某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph 六、元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音 元音字母组合读音例词 ai/ay [ei] rain wait day play air [εE] air hair chair pair repair al 在f,m,s前后 [c:] small ball talk wall all [ c: l ] always also salt almost [α:] half calm au/aw [c:] autumn daughter draw ea的发音 [i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great ear [iE] hear dear near clear year [εE] bear pear wear swear [E:] earth learn early ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [iE] pioneer deer beer ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew jewelry ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal oar/oor [?:] roar board door floor oi/oy [?i] noise point boy toilet oo medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high 1. 重读音节词尾的字母组合oo发音素[u:]的音。如:too(太;也),zoo(动物园), 2. 在辅音字母f, l, m, n, p,s,t前的字母组合oo也发音素[u:]的音。如:roof(屋顶),school(学校),room(房间),soon(不久),loop(圈,环),goose(鹅)boot(靴子),tooth(牙齿)等.有二个特例词要特别注意,它就是:wool[u](羊毛);:foot[u](脚); 3. 字母组合oo在字母d和k前发音素[u]的音。如:good(好),book(书),look(看),特例词:food[u:](食物); 4. 在复合词的非重读音节中的字母组合oo发音素[u]的音。如:bedroom(卧室),classroom(教室)等; 5. 在字母l和d之间的字母组合oo发音素[?]的音。如:blood(血),flood(洪水)等. 6. 后接r时字母组合oo发音素[?:] door,floor ou/ow [au] flower house count down [ou] know row throw though [?] young country enough [u:] group you soup our [?:] course your four [auE] our hour ours [E:] journey ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u ] juice fruit suit 七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音 元音字母组合或字群读音例词 ai/ay , ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [Fn] impression nation -sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion -tion在s后 [t?En] question suggestion -sten [sn] listen -stle [sl] whistle -sure [VE] pleasure measure -ture [t?E] picture culture 八、元音字母组合在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字母组合仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如: everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:] 有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 , Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high 日子 , holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 , breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] , cupboard[E] 碗柜 九、辅音字母组合的读音 辅音字母组合 读 音 例 词 b [b] bike bus bag [/] bomb tomb c (1)后跟元音字母a，o，u时，字母c发[k]，例如:cat，come，cut，cake picture coat music;后跟e，i，y时，字母c发[s]，例如:nice，decide，Lucy，face decide cinema。 (2)后跟辅音字母k，r，s，t，以及位于单词最后时，字母c发[k]，例如:black，crossing，politics，dictate，picnic。 (3)单词中有双写字母c，后跟元音字母e或i时第一个c发[k]，第二个c发[s]，例如:successful，accident;后跟其它元音字母或字母组合时，两个c合发一个[k]，例如:account。 (4)后跟字母组合ei，er，ie或与词尾的字母e组合时，c发[s]，例如:receive，certainly，society;后跟字母组合ia时，c发[?]，例如:especially。 ch 一般读作 [t?] much chick rich teacher [k] chemist(化学家)，chem-istry(化学)，chemical(化 学的)，Christmas(圣诞节)， headache(头痛)，school(学校)等6个单词中读[k] [?] machine -ck [k] cock pocket black knock d [d] doctor bread hand day -dge [dV] bridge fridge dr- [dr] children driver drink f [f] five four breakfast g在e i/y前 [g] bag garden go [dV] orange large German gh字母组合的读音在中学英语课本中归纳起来主要有“发音”和“不发音”两种情况。 一、gh在下列三种情况下发音 1(gh在词首时，读作/g/。例:ghost/g?ust/ 2(词首为字母1，且后跟字母组合augh时，gh读作/f/。例:laugh/la:f/，laughter/'la:ft?/，cough ，enough 3(词尾为字母组合ough时，gh读作/f/。例:enough /i'n?f/，cough/k?f/，rough/r?f/，tough/t?f/ 二、gh在下列五种情况下不发音 1(gh 在元音字母i后不发音。例:bright/brait/，fight/fait/，frighten/'fraitn/，high/hai/，light/lait/，might/mait/，night/nait/，right/rait/，sight/sait/，slight/slait/ 2(gh在元音字母组合ei和ai后不发音。例:eight/eit/，eighth/eitθ/，medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high neighbor/'neib?/，straight/streit/，weigh/wei/，weight/weit/ 3(gh在字母组合ought中不发音。例:bought/b?:t/，brought/br?:t/，fought/f?:t/，thought/θ?:t/ 4(字母组合augh前面不是1时，gh不发音。caught/k?:t/，daughter/'d?:t?/，naught/n?:t/，naughty/'n?:ti/，taught/t?:t/ 5(词尾为ough的词，如以上所述，有的发/f/，但有时也不发音。例:although/?:l'ð?u/，plough/plau/，through/θru:/，though/ð?u/，thorough/'θ?r?/ 注意:若gh不是字母组合，而是分属于前后两个不同的音节时，不适合以上规则。例:dininghall/'daini?h?:l/ gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [g] guess league dialogue [gw] language anguish h [h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest j [dV] jeep jar joke join July [k] kind bike skate make week k kn- [n] knife know knock l [l] life milk school tall m [m] monkey come autumn -mn [m] autumn column solemn [k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note n在 [N] uncle thank hungry -ng [N] morning young wrong p [p] paper plane pig ship pen ph [f] elephant photo telephone q [k] Iraq qu- [kw] quality quite r [r] red rubber ruler s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk [z] music husband medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high sc- [sk] scarlet [s] muscle science sh [?] she fish shirt wash t [t] ten letter meet 在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [?] patient nation tch [t?] watch th有清与浊两种读音: 1 当位于词首时，可以从词性上判别其应有的读音。请看: 第一类:在以下 4种 词类 th 读 清音，即国际音标的 θ : a. Noun 名词:thing, theatre, thumb大拇指, thunder雷,thermos热水瓶, Thursday, theory, theme, throat喉咙, thread线 b. Verb 动词:think, thank, throw, thrive, thicken, c.Numeral 数词:three, thirteen, thirty, third, thousand d.Adjective 形容词:thin, thick, thirsty, thoughtful, thorough彻底的 第二类:在以下 两种 词类 th 读 浊音: a. Pronoun 代词:they, them, their, theirs, this, these,that, those, there b. Functional terms 功能词:the, than, then, though, thus,therefore 2 当位于词尾(或音节之尾)时，其读音多数是清音，如:bath, breath, both, cloth, tooth, health, wealth, arithmetic 等。只有在少数单词中，如:with, smooth 中读浊音。 3 当位于两个元音之间时，其读音多数是浊音。如:other, mother, brother, another, father, weather, feather, leather, further, breathe。 但是，也有读清音的，如在单词 method, nothing, anything, sympathy, sympathetic, mathematics, healthy, wealthy, Luther, Marathon(马拉松)等。 tr- [tr] tree train country truck v [v] very voice love leave w [w] week win wake sweet wait [/] Answer two wh- wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why [h] who whose whole x 在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise [gz] example exist exact wr- [r] write y- [j] yes yard yellow young z [z] puzzle zero zoo medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high 26个字母发音规律a /dз / age orangeh p /p/ map jeep pig pen y /ai / my fly why bye / /ei/ /h/ hat he house handi appleq /kw / quite j / yes yellow / i name cake table /æ/ /ai / fine quilt quickr /r/ red / happy baby veryz / z apple cat map am/α: bike five ice/i/ is radio brother rackets / zoo zero / want dance sit miss pig picture /s/ sit miss this smile books /o/ what watch j / dз / jeep jam jacket jar /z/ nose those rose b /b/ book big bag rulers box k /k/ kite cake black thank t /t/ it sit not that 元音组合 c /k/ cat cake cup clock table little car l /l/ leg left ruler ai /ei/ wait paint flag lamp u /ju: / use usually /s/ face nice pencil excuse ay /ei/ may play day say books /l/ apple bowl tell old /Λ / bus us sun duck air /ε? / air hair chair d /d/ desk doll dog dad m/m/ am map my mouth milk / u / put pull push al /o: / tall small ball e /i:/ he she meet me n /n/ no know new hand v /v / five vase very ar /α: / farther farm car /e/ elephant egg bed seven arm pen o /?u / old home nose coke w /w/ we window watch f /f/ fine friend fly want foot fan /o/ dog not clock box x /ks g /ɡ/ gun glass glad /Λ / son month mother / box six fox glove love ea /i:/ meat please tea ew /ju: / new few /u: ou / au / out house tr /tr/ tree train read /e/ head bread / flew grewight /ai / mouthour /o: / truckdr /dr/ dress ready / i? right high brightir /?: four your /au? / driver sh /?/ shirt wash / theaterear / i? / / bird girl shirt ourow/ ?u / shortch /t?/ child ear hear near thirty bowl window chair catch / ε? / bear oa /?u / boat coat /au / now cow flower / k / school Christmas / ?: / earth ong /o? / long song oy /oi/ boy toy / dз/ sandwich ee /i:/ meet see bee oo /u/ book foot good ur / ?: / turn feet jeep tw /tw/ two twin twenty /u:/ moon balloon eir / ε? / their wh /w/ white wheel what or / : / short fork port er / ? / worker /h/ who whose whom /?: / word world work 辅音组合 teacher medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high / ?: / her oor /o: / door floor th /θ/ thank mouth ts /ts/ jackets kites ere /i ? / here ore /o:/ more store / δ/ this that with ds /dz/ birds friends sore /ε? / where there x: 这个字母跟f,l,m,n,s,z一样同属限音/e/一族，什么叫限音/e/呢，就是这些字母的读音都含有/e/,限音的意思就是这些字母在组成单词的时候，发音要去掉/e/，比如x这个字母的发音是/eks/，那么在它组合单词的时候，发间就变成了/ks/。同样的，其它几个限音/e/一族也遵循着这个规律。(当然有时会有浊化音的产生，比如说s的读音为/es/，在单词中有时会读成/s/，有时则会浊化为/z/)。 m: 这个字母多发两个音，由于音标是一样的，所以在这里没法对两个读音作区分，那么在这里只需记住一个单词就可以清楚的了解在什么情况下m这个字母发何种音，这个单词就是mum，很简单，m在元音前和在元音后所发的音是不一样的。 y: 这个字母号称半元音。它在组合单词的时候一共有三种发音，分别是/j/,/ai/,/i/。当y在词首的时候，它发/j/，如yes,yard,yet等。当y存在于词中和词尾的时候又分为两种情况:1、当单词中没有元音的时候，y发/ai/，如my,fly.2、在单词中已经含有元音的时候，y发音为/i/,如family,sorry. medium above the surface of the pipe and heat, and their spacing is greater than 150mm. Tubing when laid horizontally, should according to different requirement of the 1:10~1:100 slope, tilt should be guaranteed to exclude gas or condensate. 5.1.7.5 angle and u-tube for pressure pipe cards, isolation with a rubber plate, bracket horizontal laying spacing for the 1~1.5M, vertical laying spacing for the 1.5~2m. 5.1.7.6 after you finish laying tubing, should be blowing and pressure testing, air tightness test. 5.1.8 gas pipe laying 5.1.8.1 gas supply system using pipes, valves, fittings, cleaning should be carried out prior to installation, there should be no oil, water, corrosion and dirt. 5.1.8.2 air tubes after cutting, remove end of iron, smooth polished pipe end. Threaded connections, not seal welded, sealed with Teflon tape. Terminal Connection pipes should have a sufficient number of allowances, reduce the effects of vibration and stress. 5.1.8.3 air tube should be used to pipe rack, suitable structures, non-removable device support, terminal be fixed firmly in the 0.9m, bracket 2m. Pipe is not supported on device or process piping: might move or motion of an object, such as heat exchangers, control valves; diameter 3 "pipe, insulation pipe liquid pipe, 1000C, high temperatures of over. 5.1.8.4 dismantling the pipeline in place, should provide a Union. Laid in each pipe, should be installed at least and the possible number of fittings. Perpendicular to the long end of the gas in the pipeline should have a drain valve. 5.1.9 field instrument installation 5.1.9.1 General requirements 5.1.9.1.1 instrument installation according to the design drawings to carefully check their equipment number, type, size and material. 5.1.9.1.2 instrument shall be mounted without mechanical vibration and away from magnetic fields and high