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京津高速5标施工组织设计

2017-09-26 50页 doc 289KB 18阅读

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京津高速5标施工组织设计京津高速5标施工组织设计 第一章 概述 1.1编制依据 (1)、依据《京津高速公路天津段一期土建工程C5合同段施工合同》、施工技术规范。 (2)、依据交通部《公路工程国内招标文件范本》(2003年版)。 (3)、依据《京津高速公路天津段一期土建工程施工图设计》。 (4)、依据我单位对该项目现场调查所掌握的信息。 (5)、依据招标文件指定的施工技术、安全、质量验收等规范及国家和交通部制定的规范、标准、法规文件等。 (6)、依据类似等级公路施工经验及本单位设备、物资、经济实力。 1.2编制原则 (1)、在充分理解...
京津高速5标施工组织设计
京津高速5标施工组织设计 第一章 概述 1.1编制依据 (1)、依据《京津高速公路天津段一期土建工程C5段施工合同》、施工技术规范。 (2)、依据交通部《公路工程国内招标文件范本》(2003年版)。 (3)、依据《京津高速公路天津段一期土建工程施工图设计》。 (4)、依据我单位对该项目现场调查所掌握的信息。 (5)、依据招标文件指定的施工技术、安全、质量验收等规范及国家和交通部制定的规范、标准、法规文件等。 (6)、依据类似等级公路施工经验及本单位设备、物资、经济实力。 1.2编制原则 (1)、在充分理解招标文件的基础上,根据设计图纸内容及施工现场的实际情况,编制先进、合理、经济、可行的施工。 (2)、遵守业主对工程质量、工期及造价的控制原则,认真贯彻业主及工程监理工程师及其代表的指示、指令和要求。 (3)、遵守设计文件和图纸等资料的要求。 (4)、坚持对施工现场实施全员、全方位、全过程严密监控、动静结合、科学管理的原则。 (5)、采用施工全过程对环境破坏最小、占地最少,并有较为周密的环境保护措施。 (6)、施工工艺与施工规范及设计要求相符,并达到完善先进。 (7)、施工进度安排合理、高效,施工区段划分协调、统一。 (8)、强化质量意识,向业主负责、采用新技术、新材料、新工艺,确保工程质量一次成优。 1.3工程概况 1.3.1工程名称及地理位置 京津高速公路天津段一期土建工程施工。本工程位于天津市市区东北部地区,起点位于武清区碱厂与台头之间,与北京市通州区交界。路线经过武清区、北辰区、宁河县、东丽区、塘沽区,终点接滨海新区快速环线杨北公路立交。 本合同段为该工程中的第五合同段,永定新河特大桥。位于京津高速公路与永定新河相交处,坐落在位于天津市北辰区西提头镇,东提头村附近,起点接东提头互通requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 construction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 立交,桩号为K35+876.000,终点与第六合同段相接位于曙光农场,桩号为K37+638.230,本合同段全长1762.23米,分左、右两幅桥,桥梁断面全宽34米,桥梁面积58153.59平方米。 1.3.2设计标准 1.荷载标准:公路,?级。 2.桥梁宽度:标准断面宽度按左、右两幅桥设计,单幅桥面净宽各15.0m,全宽16.5米。其布置为0.5米(护栏),15.0米(行车道),1.0米(护栏),1.0米(中央隔离带),1.0米(护栏),15.0米行车道,0.5米(护栏)。全宽:34.0米。 3.桥梁纵坡:0.301,1.364,。 4.桥面横坡:左幅桥设有超高,里程K36+401.000为-2,(负数表示向道路中心线方向排水),里程K36+476.000处为0,,里程K36+551.000为正常坡2,,中间位置按里程内插确定;右幅桥为单向坡为2,。 5.地震等级:设计基本加速度为0.15g,并按基本加速度值为0.25g设防,并考虑地震液化的影响。场地土类别为?类,环境为?类。 6.净空高度:防洪管理通道净空不小于4.5米,地方路净空不小于4.5米。 1.3.3地貌、地质、水文及气温 1.地貌:本桥场地位于天津市北辰区,桥梁跨越永定河。地面大沽标高-2.3,7.2米,地下水深一般为4.6米。 2.地质:本工程共布设钻孔13孔,孔号B39,B41,B43,B46,B51,B55和Z2。 钻孔深:50m。土层可分为七层,依次为: (1)人工填土层,主要为素填土及耕植土,厚度1米左右。 (2)岩性主要以粘土、亚粘土组成,厚度27米左右。 (3)岩性主要为砂土、亚砂土组成,厚度为6米左右。 (4)岩性主要为亚粘土组成,厚度12米左右。 根据勘察结果,该场地内埋深在20米范围内的砂土、亚砂土在基本烈度为7度时存在中度液化。液化孔号为B39,B41,,54和,55。 3.水文: 经地下水质分析,该地区底下水在B43孔底下水对混凝土 结构的腐蚀性表现为(SO42-)的结晶类中腐蚀性:该位置处混凝土应采取二级防护措施。受其影响的墩位为13,19。 4.气温: requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 2 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 在气候上属于温带大陆性季风气候。年平均气温大致在11.1,12.3度,全年最冷月份一月平均气温-3.90,-5.70度,最热月份七月平均气温25.6,26.4度,多年平均蒸发量为1029.8毫米,平均降雨量为605.2毫米。年内降水不均,七、八、九三个月占全年的65,75%。本区基本冻土深度约为0.6米。 1.3.4桥梁结构 1.下部结构 本合同段桥梁下部结构分为以下五种形式: (1)左幅0,,21,墩、40,,55,墩,右幅0,,20,墩、39,,55,墩下部结构形式:2φ1.8m钻孔桩基础、2φ1.5m双柱式桥墩、1.6m×1.2m宽横系梁、1.6m高盖梁、2.2m高盖梁(左21,、40,,右20,、39,); (2)左幅26,、35,墩,右幅25,、34,墩下部结构形式:8φ1.5m钻孔桩基础、14.2×6.4×2m承台、2φ2m双柱式桥墩、3.38m高盖梁; (3)左幅22,,25,、36,,39,墩,右幅21,,24,、35,,38,墩下部结构形式:4φ1.5m钻孔桩基础、14.9×2.5×2m承台、2φ1.5m双柱式桥墩; (4)左幅27,,34,墩,右幅26,,33,墩下部结构形式:9φ1.8m钻孔桩基础、12.4×12.4×3m承台、1φ4m单柱式变截面桥墩; (5)56#台下部结构形式:6φ1m钻孔桩基础、1.5m高承台、1m宽肋板式台身、2.75高台帽。 2.上部结构 本合同段桥梁上部结构分为以下三种形式: 1)左幅0,,21,墩、40,墩,56,台,右幅0,,20,墩、39,墩,56,台上部结构形式:预制、安装预应力砼“V”型小箱形梁,跨径25m,每孔单幅由五片梁组成。 (2)左幅21,,25,、35,,40,墩,右幅20,,25,、34,,39,墩上部结构形式:现浇预应力砼箱形梁。单幅为单箱三室,跨径分别为:26.8m、30m、37m、38m四种。 (3)左幅26,,35,墩,右幅25,,34,墩上部结构形式:现浇预应力砼箱形梁。单幅为单箱单室,跨径为:55m。 1.3.5 主要工程数量 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 3 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 主要工程数量统计表 表1-1 项 目 名 称 单位 数量 备 注 钻孔灌注桩Ф100cm 根 12 56,桥台左、右幅基础 钻孔灌注桩Ф150cm 根 96 钻孔灌注桩Ф180cm 根 296 横 系 梁 个 76 承 台 座 38 双柱式墩身Ф150cm 根 184 双柱式墩身Ф200cm 根 8 单柱式变截面墩身 座 16 肋板式墩身 座 2 左幅、右幅各一座,每座3个肋板 盖 梁 座 82 包括2个台帽 预制预应力砼小箱梁(梁高1.4m) 片 370 单幅每孔5片,跨径:25m 现浇预应力砼箱形梁(梁高2.0m) 孔 20 每幅10孔,单箱3室。跨径为: 2*26.8+6*37+6*38+6*30 现浇预应力砼箱形梁(PZ梁高3.0m) 孔 18 每幅9孔,单箱单室,每孔跨径 55m 1.4工程特点、重点、难点 1.4.1工程特点 1.本合同段为特大桥,工程规模大,上、下部结构形式多样。特别是跨河部分PZ梁施工工艺复杂,施工难度相对大。 2.下部基础处于永定新河河中及河岸滩。处于水中的基础施工难度相对大,施工工艺较复杂。 1.4.2施工的重点和难点 本合同段工作的重点和难点是跨越永定新河部分的下部工程和上部工程施工。 1.5 合同要求 (1)、工期要求:合同工期为2005.12.1,2007.7.31。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 4 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 (2)、质量要求:优良等级。 (3)、安全、保卫要求:无工程事故和重大设备、人身伤害事故。杜绝因工死亡事故,确保安全生产达到招标文件合同通用条款及专用条款第19.1条要求的标准。 (4)、文明施工和环境保护要求:达到招标文件合同通用条款及专用条款第19.1条标准。 1.6合同中标价 本合同中标价为194395720元。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 5 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 第二章 施工总体部署 2.1 施工部署原则 (1)根据本合同段工程规模,建立相适应的组织机构。 (2)积极响应业主招标文件中关于合同工期的要求,统筹规划,合理安排。根据本工程的实际情况,结合现场的自然地理环境,进行现场的平面布置和施工进度安排。 (3)根据本工程的规模和特点,结合现场实际情况,以水中桥为施工重点,合理划分施工区段,安排施工周期,促使工程全面有序展开。确保工程按期完成。 (4)抓住本工程施工特点及难点,合理的安排各作业面内各分部分项工程的交叉施工作业施工,逐步形成平行交叉、梯次流水的作业局面。 2.2 施工组织机构设置 2.2.1组织机构设置 我公司已按招标文件要求组建了多年参与高速公路工程施工并满足招标文件资质要求的专业管理人员组成项目经理部。统一指挥和部署施工现场,全面负责工程的施工管理和对外协调工作。详见附录【项目经理部组织机构图】 2.2.2.项目经理部领导班子 1.项目经理:1人。全面负责工程项目的安全、质量、进度、经营及文明施工与环境保护。 2.项目副经理:2人。协助项目经理工作,主抓生产、安全、行政事务。 3.技术负责人(总工):1人。负责工程项目的全面技术、质量管理。 4.财务负责人:1人。负责工程项目的财务管理。 2.2.3.项目经理部设置部门 1.工程管理部:负责编制、施组编制、技术交底、编制开工报告、计划安排与检查、计划修订、组织分部分项工程检查验收、编制施工总结等。 2.质控部:负责工程项目的控制测量、分部分项工程自检、报检、参加分部分项工程的检查与评定、定期编制质量报告等。 3.材料设备部:负责工程项目的设备管理和材料管理。编制材料采购、供应计划、施工机械设备进、退场计划。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 6 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 4.经营财务部:编制工程概算、变更洽商概算、技措费用概算;负责汇总计量支付清单并及时收取月度工程价款;负责对劳务分包方的资质评审工作;按照项目部核算办法,考核当期成本开支情况;预测分部分项工程目标成本。 5.工地试验室:负责工程项目的试验、检测工作和各种混凝土和砂浆的施工配合比。 6.综合办公室:负责项目经理部的对外协调、治安管理,文明施工、环境保护的检查、文秘、文件管理等。 2.3工期目标和阶段性工期计划 2.3.1工期目标 本工程要求2005年12月18日开工,2007年7月31日交工。我们的工期目标为2007年7月29日交工验收,提前工期2天。为此制定详细的、切实可行的阶段性施工进度计划来指导施工,确保工程按期完成。 2.3.2阶段性工期计划 第一阶段:2005年12月1日,2006年1月19日施工准备阶段,共计50个日历天。此阶段完成以下工作: (1)完成三通一平工作。完成项目经理部驻地建设及工地试验室建设并对试验室设备及仪器进行标定。 (2)组织人员、机械设备进场,完成材料采购计划的制定,与材料供应单位签订加工、订货合同等项内容。依据采购计划分阶段组织材料进场。 (3)完成各种材料的各项理化指标、力学指标试验及砂浆、混凝土配合比等试验项目和外购材料的抽样检验、试验工作,并将试验结果上报监理办审批。 (4)完成导线点、水准点的复测,并将复测结果上报监理审批。 (5)编写详细的施工组织设计,报监理办审批。 (6)完成各项规章制度、图表上墙工作。 (7)与当地政府、村委会、派出所建立联系,成立文明施工、环境保护小分队,负责处理施工期间出现的民扰和扰民问题,确保施工的顺利开展。 第二阶段:2006年1月20日,2006年10月31日,完成本合同段全桥下部结构,左幅上部结构完成,确保半幅通车;小箱梁预制、安装完成80,;现浇箱形梁(单箱三室)完成80,,PZ梁(单箱单室)完成60,;桥面系完成50,。 第三阶段:2007年3月1日,2007年7月22日,完成剩余PZ梁施工、剩余小箱梁及现浇箱梁、剩余的桥面系工程及伸缩缝工程、附属工程。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 7 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 第四阶段:2007年7月23日,2007年7月29日,完成工程交(竣)工资料,迎接交验。 施工进度计划详见附录【施工总体进度横道图】及【施工总体进度网络图】 2.4 作业区段划分 根据本工程的特点,将工程划分为三个作业区段。0,,21,轴为第一区段;22,,40,轴为第二区段;41,,56,轴为第三区段。河两岸各设一个预制场,用于小箱梁预制。 2.5施工现场平面布置 详见附录【施工总体平面布置示意图】 1.项目经理部驻地:经理部办公区,监理办、管理人员生活区布设在南岸K35+876右侧300米原天津市色织十七厂院内,租赁该厂的房屋作办公室和生活用房,占地面积2000平方米,办公用房12间,生活用房20间。 2.工地试验室驻地:试验室用房8间布设在南岸K36+300右100米橡胶坝管理站院内。 3.第一、第三桥梁施工队驻地、第一预制厂及第一搅拌站:设在南岸K36+400,K36+500左侧50米;预制厂占地面积: 11000?;用电接通380V输电线路和400KVA变压器;利用当地原有的深水井提供生活及施工用水。 4.第二、第四桥梁施工队驻地、第二预制厂及第二搅拌站:设在北岸K37+200,K37+350桥梁右两侧河堤上;占地面积: 11000?;用电接通380V输电线路和400KVA变压器;利用当地原有的深水井提供生活及施工用水。 5.第五桥梁施工队驻地:设在北岸K37+500左侧,曙光农场院内。占地面积: 3000?。 2.6 施工资源配置计划 2.6.1投入本工程的施工力量及施工任务安排 1.根据工程特点和现场的具体情况,本工程安排5个专业施工队伍施工,各施工队伍在项目经理部的统一领导下,分工协作,独立施工,确保工程优质、按期完成。根据工程数量及定额分析,投入本工程施工力量共1270人,其中专业技术、管理人员60人、专业技术工人和普通工人870人,主要管理、技术人员及主要工种施工人员均实行持证上岗。项目经理部及各施工队人员配备情况详见附录【项目经理部人员配置表】及【各工程队人员配置表】 2.按照总体工程数量和专业性质,项目经理部下设五个施工队任务安排情况: requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 8 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 1)第一桥梁施工队,由120人组成。负责河南岸小箱梁预制、安装。 2)第二桥梁施工队,由120人组成。负责河北岸小箱梁预制、安装。 3)第三桥梁施工队,由350人组成。负责河南岸下部工程及现浇箱梁施工。 4)第四桥梁施工队,由350人组成。负责河北岸下部工程及现浇箱梁施工。 5)第五桥梁施工队,由240人组成。负责河道中下部工程及现浇箱梁(PZ梁)施工。 6)南岸混凝土拌合站,由15人组成。负责河南岸混凝土供给。 7)北岸混凝土拌合站,由15人组成。负责河北岸混凝土供给。 2.6.2投入本工程的主要施工设备及配置原则 根据本合同段的总体安排,以确保工期、安全、质量为目标,结合本工程的工作内容,特别是考虑到跨越永定新河施工的工程特点及2006年10月31日半幅通车的阶段性目标,确定机械设备配套原则为:满足工程技术要求,强化单机保障能力,确保机械设备的适用性,主要工程部位按平行施工配置设备数量,所有机械设备均考虑备用量。拟投入本项目主要施工机械详见附录【拟投入本项目使用的主要施工机械设备一览表】 2.6.3投入本工程的测试仪器配备 由于本合同段测试内容多,测试仪器的配备满足各项检测内容要求进行配置。拟投入本项目使用的主要试验检测仪器设备详见附录【拟投入本项目使用的主要试验检测仪器设备一览表】 2.6.4用电计划 本合同段施工用电主要分为二部分。一部分为项目经理部驻地生活、办公用电及试验室用电;第二部分为施工现场施工机械设备、现场施工照明用电。本合同段需申请安装400KVA的变压器两台,南、北岸各一台。另配备75KVA备用发电机两台。 2.6.5材料采购计划及材料供应计划 1.工程材料采购 1)砂料:采购秦皇岛砂 2)石料:采购蓟县碎石 3)水泥:从冀东水泥厂采购 4)钢筋:从天津采购。 5)其它材料:钢铰线、锚具、桥梁支座、伸缩缝等选择国内优质材料,汽车倒运至现 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 9 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 场。 2.材料供应计划 主要材料供应计划表 表2-1 2006年 2007年 序 材料名称 单位 总量 号 上半年 下半年 上半年 下半年 1 水泥 T 43766 20000 19000 4766 2 钢筋 T 10825 5000 3700 2125 3 钢绞线 T 1274 500 447 327 34 中粗砂 m 44000 20000 19000 5000 35 碎石 m 98400 52159 34773 11468 2.7 施工便道 为确保人员、施工机械设备按时进入施工现场,经现场实地考察,计划在主线左侧修筑不小于5米宽施工便道,跨河段采用围堰筑岛结合钢便桥贯通本标段。路面结构为30cm厚级配砂砾面层。具体布置详见附录【施工总平面布置图】 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 10 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 第三章 主要工程项目施工方案、施工方法 3.1总体施工方案 根据该项目各分项工程的工程量的分布情况及分项工程之间的制约关系,综合考虑工期控制、质量要求等因素,制定总体施工方案。 3.1.1下部工程施工方案 下部工程按照陆地施工和水中施工制定施工方案。陆地桩基采取平整场地、钻机成孔、现场制作钢筋笼、汽车吊下钢筋笼骨架、浇筑灌注桩砼的施工方案。根据实地测量永定新河河道属于清淤型河道,沿征地线测量水深最大3.3米,测量十二点都在1.5-3.3米之间,河水流速小于0.1米/S,结合永定新河河道浅、水流缓的特点河中的施工采取草袋围堰,围堰内填土,重型碾压变水中为陆地进行各项施工。 永定新河水深测量表 表3-1 序号 桩号及位置 冰面高程 河底高程 水深 1 K36+660右幅27#墩 1.207 -0.993 2.20 2 K36+678.8左幅28#墩 1.207 -0.293 1.50 3 K36+715右幅28#墩 1.207 -1.093 2.30 4 K36+733.8左幅29#墩 1.207 -0.993 2.20 5 K36+770右幅29#墩 1.207 -1.19 2.40 6 K36+788.8左幅30#墩 1.207 -1.19 2.40 7 K36+825右幅30#墩 1.207 -2.09 3.30 8 K36+843.8左幅31#墩 1.207 -1.49 2.70 9 K36+880右幅31#墩 1.207 -1.69 2.90 10 K36+898.8左幅32#墩 1.207 -0.29 1.50 11 K36+935右幅32#墩 1.207 -1.09 2.30 12 K36+953.8左幅33#墩 1.207 -0.99 2.20 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 11 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 3.1.2上部工程施工方案 跨径25m小箱梁采取现场预制,跨墩龙门吊架设的施工方案;单箱三室预应力砼箱形梁,采取“满堂红”式支架,现浇预应力砼的施工方案;跨河部分的单箱单室预应力箱形梁,采取现浇Mss造桥机进行箱形梁施工结合首联首孔“满堂红”支架的方案。 3.2主要工程项目施工方法 3.2.1草袋围堰筑岛 1.施工要求 堰顶高度高出施工期间可能出现的最高水位1.5m以上,堰顶宽为1,2m,堰外边坡1:0.5,1:1,堰内边坡一般为1:0.2,1:0.5,堰内面积满足基础施工的需要。自上游开始填筑至下游合拢处留一处排水口。堰内填土填出水面后应进行夯实、整形,然后采用粘土填心,填心完成后封堵围堰排水口。见【围堰筑岛平面图】 便道围堰筑岛平面图 单位:厘米草袋围堰立面图便桥立面图(一)便桥立面图(二) :0.5:1:1 堰内填土草袋围堰河床底面 图3-1 围堰筑岛平面图 2.施工工艺流程 水中墩台基础测量放样?定出围堰边缘线?装围堰砂袋?人工抛袋围堰?抛袋至露出水面人工码袋?围堰内填筑?形成围堰筑岛施工操作平台。 3.具体施工操作方法 草袋围堰筑岛采用人工装袋,用翻斗车运到围堰筑岛处,用人工抛袋、堆码的方法筑岛,填心采用外运的土进行。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 12 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 3.2.2桥梁下部工程施工 3.2.2.1钻孔灌注桩施工 1.测量放样 利用监理工程师批准使用的导线点、水准点、用全站仪精确确定出桥墩的中心线位置。用三角网复测无误后,然后沿平行于桥位中心线的前后方向和横向两侧设置牢固的桥墩基础中线控制桩,桥梁桩位必须反复校核,护筒埋置后,再次进行校核,确认无误的进行“十”字栓桩,为钻头找中,钢筋骨架找中等后续工序创造条件。 2.埋设钢护筒 护筒采用δ?10mmA3钢板制作,护筒内径比设计孔径大20,40cm,分别采用Φ1.2m、Φ1.8m、Φ2.1m三种。 护筒埋设严格按测设的各墩各桩的“十”字中心进行控制,并根据河床实际情况确定各桩护筒的埋置深度;护筒埋设深度随地质情况和水位情况而定,护筒底端埋置深度,在旱地或浅水处,对于粘土应为1.0,1.5m;对于砂土不得小于1.5m,并将护筒周围0.5,1.0m范围内的土挖除,夯填粘土至护筒底0.5m 以下。在深水河床为软土、淤泥、砂土处,护筒底埋置深度应不小于3.0m;当软土、淤泥层较厚时,应尽可能深入到不透水层粘土内1.0,1.5m。护筒在筑岛上埋设的高度应比施工时可能出现的最高水位高出2米以上。护筒埋设采用振拔机打入筑岛中。 3.固孔 使用反循环成孔工艺,需配制优质泥浆才能保证钻孔过程中孔壁的稳定性,钻孔时泥浆应始终在不能低于护筒顶以下0.5米,泥浆配制在现场有底钢箱泥浆槽中制备。固孔采用粘土悬浮泥浆作护壁泥浆在开钻前,先进行配备泥浆,泥浆的各项技术指标对成孔的质量有极其重要的作用。调制的泥浆及循环净化的泥浆应根据钻孔方法和地质情况采用不同的性能指标。根据地质状况和我公司以往的施工经验,配备的泥浆应满足如下各项指标: requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 13 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 表3-1 泥 浆 性 能 指 标 选 择 酸钻孔 地层 含砂泥皮厚 粘度 胶体率 失水量静切力 碱方法 情况 相对密度 率 (mm/30min(s) (,) (ml/30min) (Pa) 度 (%) ) PH 一般地1.05,1.0,8, 16,22 8,4 ?96 ?25 ?2 正循层 1.20 2.5 10 环 易坍地1.20,8, 19,28 8,4 ?96 ?15 ?2 3,5 层 1.45 10 一般地1.02,8, 16,20 ?4 ?95 ?20 ?3 1,2.5 层 1.06 10 易坍地1.06,8,反循环 18,28 ?4 ?95 ?20 ?3 1,2.5 层 1.10 10 1.10,8, 卵石层 20,35 ?4 ?95 ?20 ?3 1,2.5 1.15 10 易坍地1.20,8,冲击 22,30 ?4 ?95 ?20 ?3 3,5 层 1.40 11 注:a.地下水位高或其流速大时,指标取高限;反之取低限; b.地质状态较好、孔径或孔深较小的取低限,反之取高限; c.在不易坍塌的粘质土层中,使用推钻、冲抓,反循环回旋钻进时,可用清水提高水头(?2m)维护孔壁。 4.钻机就位及钻孔 1)钻机就位前,要进行场地平整夯实或碾压结实,以免发生沉陷倾斜,钻机要保持水平,钻杆轴线和桩中心线一致,并做好原始记录。达到设计要求深度后,对孔深,孔位进行检查,填写终孔检查记录。 2)开钻前对护筒、钻机、桩位进行检查验收,合格后再开钻。 3)钻进过程中,应保证水头高度,孔内外水头差控制在2米左右。并随潮涨潮落调及时整水头高度,保证泥浆的各项指标,防止塌孔。 4)钻进过程中,根据不同的地质情况,随进尺难易调整钻机转速、钻进速度及泥浆相对密度和粘度,防止塌孔。 5)在钻进过程中不得中途长时间停钻,必须停钻时要提升钻头,严禁钻头滞留孔内,防止塌孔,埋钻头。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 14 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 6)钻头选择 我公司将采用大功率的回旋钻机结合冲击钻机,在土质基层、砂砾层内采用回旋钻机或冲击钻施钻,到达难以施钻地质层后,如难以施钻将改用牙轮钻头施钻,以保证成孔的速度和质量。 5.钻孔事故预防和处理 钻孔灌注桩因钻孔时间长,容易造成蹋孔,同时因为地质复杂,可能遇到孤石,或孔位范围内,地质软硬不一,可能造成偏孔。施工过程中,采取积极有效的措施进行预防和处理。 ?事故预防措施:在钻孔过程中,始终保持孔内泥浆水头,保持护筒内的泥浆顶面高出地下水位2.0米以上,为防止出现缩孔和塌孔现象,及时、连续补充泥浆。 ?塌孔处理:若在孔口塌孔,回填后重新埋护筒再钻;若在孔内坍塌,首先在坍塌位置回填片石与粘土混合物到塌孔位置以上1.0,2.0米;若塌孔严重时则全部回填,待回填物密实后再进行钻进。 ?钻孔偏斜的处理:提起钻杆,回填片石与粘土到偏斜处,待密实后再进行钻进。 6.清孔 孔深达到设计要求时,迅速清孔,不得停歇过久。以免泥浆钻渣沉淀增多,造成清孔困难。 清孔采用换浆法,稍提钻头离孔底10-20cm空转,并保持泥浆的正常循环,以中速压入比重稍小较纯的泥浆,把孔内悬浮钻渣较多的泥浆换出。泥浆比重、孔底钻渣、沉淀层厚度符合设计要求和施工规范要求时停止清孔。必要时可进行两次清孔,以满足要求。清孔后泥浆指标相对密度1.03-1.1;粘度17-20(Pa.s);含砂率<2%,胶体率<98%。 7.泥浆排放控制 为满足环保要求,泥浆及钻渣处理我公司予以高度重视,泥浆回收利用,干处墩位处钻渣汽运至指定地点,水中采用泥浆箱配合汽运至指定地点弃渣。 8.钢筋骨架 钢筋骨架的制作与安装分段进行,骨架分段长度,根据吊车起吊净空和钢筋长度分节。制作采用胎具成型,主筋与架立箍筋要焊接,在钢筋骨架内采用不低于设计主筋,同规格、同型号的钢筋设十字交叉,以保证钢筋骨架的圆度与顺直,保证骨架在运输和就位时不变形。箍筋与主筋采用绑线及点焊固定。为了防止混凝土浇注过程中钢筋骨架上浮,骨架顶面四周用钢筋和护筒焊接。 水中墩钻孔桩钢筋在平台应采用直螺纹连接,由汽车沿围堰便道运输至现场吊车吊装入孔。 骨架吊装入孔前用测壁仪检查孔径、孔型、垂直度,以保证钢筋骨架安装优质、快速 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 15 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 完成。钢筋骨架用吊车起吊,第一段放入孔后用钢管或型钢临时搁支在护筒口旁的方木上,再起吊另一段,对正位置焊接后逐渐放入孔内至设计标高,最后将最上面一段的吊环挂在孔口并临时与护筒口焊牢。钢筋骨架在下放过程中防止碰撞孔壁,如放入困难,查明原因,不能强行插入。钢筋骨架放入后的顶面和底面标高符合设计要求。为了保证骨架和孔壁的净距,在钢筋笼四周及沿孔深方向设穿心圆式混凝土垫块。 桩基的长度超过40米,为顺利检测桩基的质量,25,的桩基中的埋设三根无缝检测钢管,按设计标准整个桩长设置。 9.灌筑水下混凝土 采用直升导管法灌注水下砼,钻孔桩混凝土由砼运输车提供,直接入孔。 灌筑混凝土前将钻孔桩灌注平台安置好,并检查其是否完好,同时灌筑机具如储料斗、溜槽、漏斗等准备好。根据孔深及储料斗高度,选择不同长度的导管做试拼组合,在每节导管上作编号,用高压水泵进行充水压力试验。导管接口为卡口式,直径300mm,壁厚8mm,分节长度1,2米,最下端一节长5米。 导管在吊入孔内时,其位置居中、轴线顺直,稳步沉放,防止卡挂钢筋骨架和碰撞孔壁。 水下混凝土的水灰比为0.5,坍落度20cm?2cm,通过试验确定参入适量缓凝剂(通过监理工程师认可),初凝时间不小于6h。灌筑混凝土前,对孔底沉淀层厚度进行检验,如果不符合规范及设计要求,对孔内进行二次清孔,使孔底沉渣厚度符合规定,认真做好灌前的各项检查记录并经监理工程师确认后进行灌筑。 灌筑首批混凝土时,导管下口至孔底的距离控制在25cm,40cm,且使导管埋入混凝土的深度不小于1米。灌筑开始后,连续地进行,尽量缩短拆装导管时间,一般不得超过15分钟,不准中途停工;灌筑过程中经常用测锤探测孔内混凝土面位置,及时调整导管埋深,导管的埋深控制在2m,4m,特殊情况下不小于2m且不得大于6m。当混凝土面接近钢筋骨架底部时,为防止钢筋骨架上浮,采取以下措施: ?使导管保持稍大的埋深,放慢灌注速度,以减少混凝土的冲力; ?当孔内混凝土面进入钢筋骨架1m,2m后,适当提升导管,减少导管埋置深度,增大钢筋骨架下部的埋置深度。 为保证桩顶质量,桩顶加灌0.5m,1.0m高度。同时指定专人负责填写水下混凝土记录。全部混凝土灌筑完毕后,对处于地面或桩顶以下的整体性钢护筒,立即拔除。对于深水中全护筒灌筑混凝土,逐步提升护筒,护筒底面应保持在混凝土面以下1-2m ,另外,在灌筑混凝土时,从钻孔中溢出的泥浆应引流至适当地点,以防污染。 10.桩头处理与无破损检测 对于超灌的桩头混凝土采取人工清除。清除时用力适度,先凿好桩的周边,再逐层剥 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 16 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 离,以防止对桩基非清除部分造成损坏和扰动,保证截面处的混凝土具有良好的质量。 桩基检测:钻孔桩的检测按照业主要求的检测法和检测频率进行检验。对于预埋超声管道进行检查的桩,在制作钢筋笼的过程中成等边三角形布置3根Φ60×4无缝钢管做检测管,为了保证检测钢管严密不漏水,接头采用钢套管连接,下设钢筋笼过程中,上下端焊接钢板封堵严密。桩头处理完毕后,将上端钢管割去一段,向管内注入清水。检测过程中,监理工程师始终在现场旁站,检测结果以检测报告形式反映。如果监理工程师认为混凝土质量有不正常现象而怀疑桩的质量时,或无破损检验确定桩身质量不符合设计要求时,可进一步采取钻芯取样检查。确有问题时及时与设计单位联系,采取补桩等技术措施,保证使用功能。确认无断桩、短桩且满足设计要求后,再进行下道工序施工。具体工艺详见附录【钻孔灌注桩施工工艺流程框图】。 3.2.2.2承台基础施工工艺方法 承台基坑开挖采用人工配合挖掘机进行开挖,设置基坑壁挡土板加固坑壁、明排降水方法进行基坑开挖。承台模板采用组合钢模板带横纵椤木加固,地锚拉线找正;钢筋采用场地预制、现场安装的方法施工;砼采用拌和站集中拌和,混凝土搅拌运输车运送入模,人工振捣,洒水保湿养护。具体施工方法如下: 1.基坑开挖施工工艺方法 (1)基坑开挖前进行施工放样,布设桥墩轴线控制桩和开挖边线控制桩。 (2)基坑开挖前做好地面排水,即四周做成向外排水坡,坑边缘留有大于1.0m的护道。基础位于水中时,应先进行草袋围堰和排水,基坑排水采用离心泵明排。 (3)采用挖掘机配合人工沿基坑开挖边线和设计坡度进行开挖。挖至距坑底30cm时,用人工清挖至设计标高。 (4)开挖过程中若遇边坡土质不良时必须做好钢板桩临时支护,并注意观察基坑边缘有无松散坍落现象,确保施工安全。 2.承台施工工艺方法 (1)桩头破除 将灌注桩顶多余砼部分用空压机带风镐凿除。凿除时应注意不能损坏接桩钢筋。凿除至承台或横系梁底面以上15cm时停止凿除,清理桩头表面,使其表面平整,并邀请相关单位进行桩的无破损检测,检测合格后浇筑砼垫层。 (2)重新测量放样 经监理工程师验收合格后,重新测设基础尺寸,然后用经纬仪、钢尺精确放出大样。 (3)钢筋制安 承台钢筋采用在场地预制成型,用车运至施工现场,绑扎成型。钢筋安装时应注意墩 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 17 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 身钢筋的主筋的预埋。 (4)清理承台底面,浇筑承台砼 承台及墩身钢筋安装结束,墩身预埋筋调正,经监理工程师验收,开始浇筑承台砼。砼施工采用砼集中搅拌站拌和,搅拌运输车进行水平和垂直运输直接入模,分层浇筑,每层厚度不超过30?,振捣采用人工手持振捣棒均匀振捣,移动间距不超过振捣器作用半径的1.5倍,与侧模保持50-100mm的距离;且应插入下层砼50-100mm;振捣过程中要快插慢拔,避免振捣棒与模板、钢筋及预埋件接触。砼采用自然洒水保湿养生的方法施工,墩身预埋筋范围内的砼进行拉毛处理。承台施工过程详见附录【承台施工工艺流程图】 3.2.2.3、桥墩、台及盖梁施工 本段桥梁桥墩结构形式为钢筋混凝土圆柱式及圆柱式变截面实体墩身结构形式。按总体施工部署确定的施工方案,拟定施工工艺方法如下: 1.钢筋混凝土实体墩身施工工艺方法 (1)施工工艺流程 测量放样?安装施工脚手架?钢筋安装?模板安装?浇注混凝土?混凝土养护?拆模。 (2)具体工艺方法 ?测量放样 利用经纬仪、钢尺根据已测设出的桥位各墩横纵中线精确地测设出桥墩中心线的精确位置,在承台砼顶面用墨线标出墩身的结构边缘线,并在基坑底栓桩加固;同时在承台顶适宜位置(每边留出1米的工作面)搭设高度合适的钢管施工脚手架。 ?钢筋安装 墩身钢筋施工采用脚手架做为安装平台,预埋墩身钢筋主筋应注意测设的墩身位置的准确, 在承台钢筋安装时已将墩身钢筋主筋预埋完毕,在已预先预埋的主筋的中心用垂球校核垂直中心,如误差超出允许范围,进行找正,找正结束后,绑扎点焊箍筋,箍筋在加工场地按设计图纸提供的尺寸加工成型、运至现场进行安装。 ?墩身模板安装位置的确定 用水准仪测量承台顶标高,并同时按设计高程将砼边缘线处用砂浆找平,以便墩身模板的安装、找平。 ?模板安装 模板采用特殊加工的模板,接缝处用螺栓连接,接缝内设胶垫防渗密封。模板安装使用人工配合吊车进行,安装前,按相应墩身高度在现场地面上安装成型,上刷优质脱模剂,用吊车整片吊起,落在承台顶找平砂浆面上。用经纬仪跟踪找正中线位置及垂直度,并将拉线上的手动葫芦锁好固定,防止拉线松动而改变墩柱的中心位置。模板安装前在钢筋网的适宜位置设置保护层支顶定位钢筋,用电焊加固,模板安装后使模板与钢筋骨架的相对 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 18 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 位置满足设计要求。找正加固后,在承台顶与模板接触处用砂浆将缝隙封死以免漏浆。上述工作结束后,经质检员验收合格后,现场填写质量申请单,交驻地监理验收。 ?墩身砼浇筑、养生 墩身砼采用砼集中拌站拌和,混凝土搅拌运输车与砼输送泵进行水平和垂直联合运输,串筒缓浆器直接入模,人工手持振捣棒分层均匀振捣,人工洒水保湿养生的方法施工。具体工艺详见附录【墩身施工工艺流程图】 2.盖梁施工工艺方法 盖梁施工拟采用满堂红支架方法施工,具体工艺方法如下: (1)支架基础处理 首先将盖梁水平投影面四边各加1米范围内的原地面进行平整,并用震动夯进行夯实。并检测其压实度,如果压实度能达到90%以上、且通过计算地基承载力大于支架设计承载力则直接进行支架搭设;如果压实度不能达到90%时,则在其上铺一层30Cm厚的砂砾,然后用震动夯进行夯实,必须保证地基承载力大于支架设计承载力,然后进行支架搭设。 (2)搭设满堂红支架 支架基础处理完毕后,根据设计图纸尺寸及标高、荷载制定各个盖梁支架的搭设方案。然后根据支架方案选定的间距顺着盖梁方向铺设枕木,枕木尺寸为10×15Cm。支架采用碗扣式支架,利用底托及顶托调整标高,横坡大于40cm的盖梁分两步搭设中间用钢管进行平连。支架搭设到标高后由测量人员给出四个角点的标高,然后用挂线的方法调整其余各个顶托的标高。最后将整个支架用6米钢管打上斜撑,以保证其整体稳定性。 (3)铺盖梁底模板 盖梁模板使用组合钢模板,下设加固肋板,支撑梁与模板之间用10cm×15cm横木方做横向受力梁,与支撑梁之间用8线加固,模板与木方之间以勾头螺栓连接。 施工前用经纬仪在支撑平台上精确放出盖梁底板尺寸大样,然后根据尺寸摆设木方(每0.5M设一道)在其上铺设斜坡木支架及底板模板,用水平仪调整底板高程,用木方与横梁之间的木楔调整底板高程。待调整完底板中心线和高程后,质检员检查验收,现场填写工序验收报告,报请监理工程师验收。 (4)钢筋安装 盖梁底板安装结束经验收后,开始进行钢筋安装。盖梁钢筋在加工场地预制成型,运至现场,就地铺设平台大片成型,整个盖梁钢筋骨架在现场按常规施工方法安装成型,用吊车整体吊起,放到盖梁底板放样位置,与墩柱钢筋以电焊加固,用地锚拉线调整相应位置后固定,松开拉线,调正箍筋间距及保护层厚度后,根据横纵中线在钢筋骨架顶面放出临时支座及永久支座垫石预埋筋位置及其它附件,进行支座垫石钢筋焊接安装。 (5)侧模安装、调正、冲洗底板、验收 盖梁侧模拟采用组合钢模板,钢框架加固,上下对拉,底板和侧模以帮包底的型式连接,接缝处以塑料密封条密封,以免漏浆,整体稳定用地锚拉线形式,加固平面尺寸用钢 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 19 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 式支顶控制。模板支立前在现场涂刷优质脱模剂后组拼若干部分,用吊车吊到指定位置,以人工配合安装,待侧模支立完毕,通过外框架上下对拉筋固定,用经纬仪跟踪用地锚拉线,手动葫芦找正,并同时用水平仪调整顶面高程及支座垫石高程,调正结束后,用水冲洗底板,质检员验收,现场填写质量申请报审单,交监理工程师验收。 (6)砼浇筑、养生、拆模 监理工程师验收合格,开始浇筑盖梁砼。盖梁砼采用在集中搅拌站拌和,搅拌运输车与砼输送泵联合运输,直接入模,人工手持振捣棒均匀分层振捣,人工手持大抹子找平,塑料布覆盖保湿养生的方法施工。砼强度达到60%设计强度时,可以拆侧模,达到设计强度75%以上,再拆底模,采用人工配合吊车的方法进行模板拆除。 3.2.3箱形梁预制、安装 3.2.3.1箱形梁预制 1.准备工作 (1)做好施工准备,所用模板、钢材、钢绞线、锚具、石子、砂子、水泥需检验合格,经监理工程师批准合格后方可使用。 (2)预制台座采用现浇砼台座,在其上铺4mm厚冷轧钢板。侧模板采用特殊加工的钢模板。内模板为拆卸式钢模板。 (3)组装龙门吊,铺设轨道。 2.施工方法 (1)在预制台座上绑扎钢筋、布设预应力管道,龙门吊将绑扎后的钢筋吊至预制台座上,安装侧模板和内模板,绑扎顶板钢筋。 (2)波纹管的铺设要严格按照设计给定的坐标位置控制。固定波纹管的钢筋支架要与梁体钢筋骨架焊接牢固,管道与定位钢筋绑扎结实,绑扎间距不大于50cm。 (3)浇筑混凝土。采用龙门吊吊料斗,从梁的一端向另一端浇注。附着式振捣器配合振捣棒进行振捣。浇注完毕,及时进行养生。 (4)当混凝土强度和弹性模量达到设计图纸要求时,张拉正弯矩区预应力钢束,压注水泥浆并及时清理箱梁通气孔。正式张拉前要进行孔道摩阻测定,测定值小于理论值为合格。若实测值大于理论值时与设计单位协商确定张拉控制应力。 (5)合格的构件经过养护,强度达到标准后方可运输吊装。 3.2.3.2预应力箱梁的运输与安装 混凝土预应力小箱梁共370片,其中边跨边梁72片,吊装重量为73.5吨,边跨中梁108片,吊装重量为66.7吨,中跨边梁76片,吊装重量为72.5吨,中跨中梁114片,吊 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 20 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 装重量为66.1吨,小箱梁体高度为1.4米,桥宽34米,上下行分离的两幅。 1.现场准备 根据工期安排首先吊装左幅,自0,至21,、40#至56#墩在桥的左侧修筑一条运梁道,便道宽5米,在左右幅中间及左侧修龙门吊轨道,运梁车分别由0#墩及56#墩驶入吊装区,由21#及40#驶出;左幅吊装完毕后,进行右幅吊装的准备工作,自0,至20,、39#至56#墩在桥的右侧修筑一条运梁道,便道宽5米,在右侧修龙门吊轨道,左右幅中间轨道使用左幅吊装时的轨道。运梁车分别由0#墩及56#墩驶入吊装区,由20#及39#驶出;保证运梁车及施工机械正常工作。见【小箱梁预制及吊装线路布置平面图】 跨墩龙门吊 存料场拌和站施工队驻地 钢筋及模板加工场地 存梁区 图3-2 小箱梁预制及吊装线路布置平面图 2.施工机械选择 梁采用龙门吊架设,龙门吊由日本神户9175型,125T行架吊车1部,2台50T双轨门式起重机组装而成。 3.龙门吊架梁的具体方法 (1)龙门吊走行路线的形式:吊装顺序为左幅0#,21#墩 左幅40#,56#墩 右幅39#,56#墩 右幅0#,20#墩 。首先从左幅0,,21,墩之间摊平,保证坡度在8‰以内,由压路机将填土压实后,上铺50cm左右的天然砂砾,整平,压实,压实度控制在95,以上,由现场监理及实验室同时验收,合格后,上铺轨排,可以达到龙门吊走行标准。 (2)运梁车进入龙门吊中运梁车停车位置的方式:在架设第一孔(0,,1,墩)时,运梁车自第22,,23,墩中间,与运梁车道路顺直,倒车至0,,1,墩之间,由龙门吊进行垂直起吊;待第一个运梁车开出22,,23,墩后,第二个运梁车倒车至0#,1#墩之间,其 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 21 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 次依次进行。龙门吊的轨道长度为5孔(165m),每日保证2孔的长度进行作业,2孔的轨道进行移动铺设,这样就有充足的时间进行作业,每天完成一孔的吊装可以保证。为防止因坡度过大,运梁车倒车不能达到龙门吊的位置,我们准备了一台T140推土机,用2根φ22钢丝绳将运梁车拖至起吊位置后,由龙门吊进行起吊。 (3)龙门吊主要技术参数 龙门吊是由六四式军用梁组拼而成,龙门吊净空35.5m,净起吊高度20m,主要参数: 龙门吊主机走行速度:0,12m/分,变频调速 龙门吊小车走行速度:0,7m/分,变频调速 龙门吊内部净空:35.5×20m,宽×高 龙门吊起行高度:1.3m 龙门吊额定起升重量:100T 运行最小曲线半径:1500m 架设能力:50分钟/片 (4)小箱梁吊装 每次吊装时,吊具与梁接触的拐角处及钢丝绳与梁在任何部位的接触处,均应垫木方,以保护梁体混凝土不受损伤。 运梁存梁及出梁装车时,在支承梁的支点处,梁底与支承结构物顶之间,均应隔垫厚度不小于5cm的木板。 现场吊装依据设计方案要求,根据桥梁的跨度、重量选用合适的吊车。 2吊车提前7天进入现场进行组装调试。施工现场场地平整压实,道路必须坚实,要求每m承受15吨的荷载量,确保工程便道的宽度不小于5米。 吊装现场要求空中无障碍,拆除有碍吊装的临时用电线路。 吊梁过程中,由一个指挥人员统一指挥,做到同步升降,吊装时,先吊装一片中梁,后再吊装一片边梁。吊装就位第一片中梁时必须用八根木方或圆木两端两侧支撑牢固后,方可松吊绳,继续吊装边梁,边梁就位五点钢筋焊接牢固后松吊绳,依顺序吊装。 吊装开始必须进行试吊,其高度在5—10cm时停吊检查,无问题时继续起吊。 4.出厂装车 (1)小箱梁必须在全部收尾配套结束,并须检查全部合格后,才允许装车出厂。 (2)小箱梁运输采用专用运梁车,桥梁装车后要求加固良好,用专用钢丝绳前后捆扎牢固,在小箱梁支座两侧用木楔楔紧不得松动,前后用2个五吨吊链将钢丝绳打紧不得松动,以保证途中运行安全。 (3)小箱梁底部用木板草袋垫好,捆扎桥梁的钢丝绳用护角保护好小箱梁的边角,不得 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 22 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 损坏小箱梁。 3.2.4现浇箱梁施工 3.2.4.1支架及模板的制安 现浇预应力箱形梁采用‘满堂红’支架作支撑。支架基础为30cm混合料基础并布设10cm×15cm木方,‘满堂红’支架的总宽度按横桥向每边超出翼缘板1.0m设计,总宽度为2078cm。支架上端为螺旋升降装置,用以调整高度。在其上横桥向布置10cm×15cm的木方,木方中心间距为90cm。然后,在其上纵桥向铺设10cm×10cm的木方,木方中心间距为100cm。纵横向木方用“扒钉”固定牢固。至此,“满堂红”支架搭设完毕。 对拉螺栓 工作平台 工作平台10*15cm木方10*15cm木方1.2cm木质塑胶板 4cm木板 碗扣钢管支架 30cm混合箱梁支架、外模板示意图料基础 图3-3 箱梁支架、外模板示意图 箱梁底模板采用4cm木板作底,上铺1.2cm厚的木胶板,锚在底板上。侧模板采用木模板内衬木胶板加工而成。每节长度为500cm,起重机吊至支架上进行组装。内模板采用厚度为1.2cm的光面木胶板加工而成。除水平撑外,适当布置垂直剪刀撑,确保支架强度及稳定性。 为保证地基处理支架在施工中不产生过大的沉降和非弹性变形。必须进行预压试验,在预压前由测量人员在跨中及1/4处横向布置3个观测点。按箱梁本身自重分级施加荷载,第一次加荷到50%,第二次加荷到75%,第三次加荷到100%,并分别观测观测点的变化情况。持荷7天,每12小时观察一次变化情况,卸载后重新观测监测点的高程及坐标变化,确定支架及基础是否满足承载力要求,如不能满足要求,必须重新处理基础及加固支架。 3.2.4.2钢筋及预应力管道的绑扎 在侧模板未立前进行钢筋绑扎。钢筋制作及绑扎尺寸误差不超过规范规定值。钢束孔道采用内径为D=80mm(D=90mm)的金属波纹管成型。预应力管道的布设,必须牢固准确, requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 23 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 决不能发生偏移,铺设要严格按照设计给定的坐标位置控制。固定波纹管的钢筋支架要与梁体钢筋骨架焊接牢固,管道与定位钢筋绑扎,曲线段与锚垫板附近适当加密。在浇筑混凝土的过程中,钢筋与模板之间设混凝土垫块以控制保护层的厚度。 3.2.4.3浇筑混凝土 1.浇筑混凝土前,对模板的加固情况再进行一次全面检查,检查各种预埋件位置的正确与稳固,清洗干净锚具的所有支承表面。同时将管道端部密封保护。 2.浇筑方法:采用连续浇筑法,水平分层浇筑,一次完成。浇筑方向从梁的悬臂段及跨中开始向墩台浇筑,横向应先外侧悬臂板向梁中线浇筑。每层厚度不超过30cm,拌和后超过45min的混凝土不得使用。上下层浇筑相隔时间不超过1,1 .5小时(视气温而定)。为避免孔道变形,不允许振捣器触及套管。端部锚固区使用外部振捣器加强振捣。 3.浇筑时随时注意检查与校正支座钢板,端部锚固板、波纹及其它预埋件的位置。 4.混凝土浇筑完成后,应对混凝土面进行拉毛处理,待混凝土终凝后覆盖保水养生。对预应力钢束预留孔道加以保护,严禁将水和其它物质灌入孔道,防止金属管生锈。 3.2.4.4预应力张拉及压浆 1.当混凝土强度达到95,后进行张拉,按对称原则张拉,从两边向中间对称张拉,每次张拉不少于两束。 2.张拉前对千斤顶和油表进行校正,保证误差不超过规定,检查锚具安装位置是否正确。 3.张拉程序:预应力钢绞线分别采用一端及两端张拉,张拉时采取双控即以应力控制 为主,伸长量作为校验,实际伸长值与理论伸长值应保持在?6%以内,如发现伸长值 异常应停止张拉,查明原因后在进行张拉。采用低松驰预应力钢绞线、有自锚性能的 夹片式锚具。张拉程序如下: 0 初应力(σcon10, )量取伸长量 (σcon20%)量取伸长量 σcon量 取长量持荷2min 锚固 σcon为张拉时控制应力,设计值为1302Mpa。正式张拉前要进行孔道摩阻测定,测定值小于理论值为合格。若实测值大于理论值时与设计单位协商确定张拉控制应力。 4.孔道压浆与封端 a.压浆前应先割切锚外钢束、封锚、冲洗孔道。 b.压浆应饱满:水泥浆用拌和机搅拌、水泥浆泵连续操作。从一端压入,从另一端流出,待管道充满水泥浆、流出的稠度达到规定后关阀门,压浆结束。 c.压浆必须经监理工程师同意而且在场的情况下进行。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 24 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 d.封端:压浆后立即将板端锚具周围清洗干净,将端面混凝土清洗凿毛,设置锚固端钢筋,固定端部模板,浇筑封端混凝土,认真振捣,使锚具处混凝土密实。浇筑后静止1,2小时,洒水养生,脱模后养生时间不少于14天。 3.2.5 使用MSS造桥机施工预应力箱形梁施工方法 本合同段的桥梁上部为预应力 混凝土连续箱梁,为了保证施工的 梁体整体性好,不出现裂缝,提高 工程质量,我公司采用开封产MSS 造桥机进行滑模逐孔现浇施工方 法完成上部施工。 每孔连续梁施工分为三个阶 段:第一阶段是施工起始孔,主梁 支撑在四个牛腿上,第一次浇注 55+11米;第二阶段是施工中间孔, 每次浇注55米,主梁前部支撑在 两牛腿上,后部悬吊在连续梁悬臂 11米处;第三阶段是施工结束孔, 本次浇注44米,主梁固定方式同 第二阶段施工。详见右图【造桥机 施工顺序示意图。】 图3-4 造桥机施工顺序示意图 3.2.5.1.准备工作 1.墩柱施工时,预埋对拉螺栓,设立牛腿,搭设墩旁托架,安装钢横梁,用于支撑造桥机的主架梁。 2.此项工作在已做好的支座垫石上进行。根据箱梁混凝土收缩徐变,弹性变形,气温影响以及施工过程中箱梁的临时固定支座的设置,计算确定支座上滑板预偏值。 3.待施工机具及施工方案确定后,及时通知设计单位进行挠度控制计算。 3.2.5.2.造桥机的操作流程施工工艺 造桥机的纵向过孔即通过造桥机的行走装置实现。其过孔是:千斤顶卸载后,模架底模在重力作用下脱模,主架梁置于托滚上,拆除底模之间的连接螺栓,边梁承托边底模与侧模通过横向顶推装置向外移位让开桥墩,在行走装置的作用下,主架梁及模架移动到下一孔,到前桥墩托滚支承上落下就位。主要操作程序如下: requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 25 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 1.在已经完成的桥墩上安装墩柱托架支承及工作平台。 2.在工作平台上安装托滚支承、液压千斤顶、液压推拉装置并就位; 3.组装造桥机主架梁结构,并在桥墩支承上就位; 4.安装底模板、侧模板并把它们依托在各主架梁上; 5.顶升主架梁和钢模板至工 作高度,锁定并调节好螺杆支承。 为了保证箱梁建成后纵向线形符 合设计要求,在安装外模架时需 在箱梁上设置预拱度。预拱度由 安装在钢箱上的垫块和螺栓来调 整外模架高度完成。桥面横坡由 两侧钢梁支点来调整,使之符合 设计要求,调整好预拱度和横坡 后,必须将滑模的纵横向固定(借 助墩、台、已浇注的箱梁),防止 浇注混凝土期间,滑模产生移动, 影响预拱度和横坡,详见右图【外 模板在浇注和移动时结构式意图 和工程实照】; 6.绑扎钢筋、浇注混凝土并 养护,当混凝土达到规定强度后, 进行预应力的张拉; 图3-5外模板在浇注和移动时结构式意图和工程实照 7.通过调整梁底千斤顶,靠重力脱模,然后使主架梁处于不受力状态并外移至完全不受墩柱限制后,通过行走装置过孔; 8.用横向顶拉装置使底模合拢、锁定。通过造桥机的升降系统调整底模标高,然后利用调节 螺栓调整侧模,进行第二孔梁的施工;重复以上步骤连续进行,直到完成本合同段全部箱梁。 3.2.5.3.绑扎底板及腹板钢筋 钢筋绑扎按设计及施工规范要求进行,在底板钢筋绑扎同时,要沿底模纵向安放两排砼预制块轨道座垫,并通过预留孔用螺栓将该座垫与底模固定,然后在底板钢筋绑扎完成后在底垫上铺设两道轻轨,轨道铺设完毕,然后开始腹板钢筋绑扎。在箱梁腹板钢筋绑扎接近完成时,要按设计图要求的位置,绑扎纵向预应力束管道定位筋,然后安装管道。管道要平顺。接长部分要用胶带纸裹紧。定位钢筋要编号,并与箱梁模板号相对应,其焊接 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 26 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 位置由管道坐标计算而定。主梁纵向及横向预应力钢束必须按设计图纸中各预应力钢束位置准确定位,如预应力管道与普通钢筋干扰时,适当扳移普通钢筋,确保预应力管道位置准确。钢筋绑扎完成后要由质检人员检查,合格后方可进行下道工序施工。 为了防止波纹管在浇注中漏浆堵孔,在波纹管内套一层塑料管,成孔后将塑料管抽出。 3.2.5.4.内模就位 首段箱梁的内模可由吊车直 接吊入,以后各段内模就位均利 用造桥机,沿内模轨道拖拉就位。 内模就位后,利用各自液压系统 调整好内模板标高和外形尺寸, 并用防浮螺栓将每节内模与底模 上的砼预制块加以控制。内模安 装好,并检查合格后,方可进行 下一道工序。详见右图【内模板 拆装小车工作示意图和内模小车 工程实照。】 3.2.5.5.顶板钢筋绑扎 顶板钢筋绑扎要按设计及施 工规范要求进行。绑扎过程中, 同时按要求安装顶板横向预应力 管道及压浆管出浆管,及泄水管 的预埋件等。 3.2.5.6.箱梁砼浇筑 图3-6内模板拆装小车工作示意图和内模小车工程实照 砼浇筑采用泵送。其顺序为:首段梁从后端开始向前浇筑,其余各段均从前端向后端浇筑。每段梁在横断面上砼浇筑顺序为先浇底板,再浇腹板,最后浇顶板。 箱梁采用50号高性能混凝土,其水泥、骨料和砂及其他成分均应采用同一厂家、同一品牌或同一料场,以求质量均衡、稳定、外观色调一致。 1.底板砼浇筑 底板砼的浇注应超前腹板砼的浇注时间约2.0-2.5小时进行。即底板砼一般领先腹板砼10-20m,浇筑时泵车输送管道通过内模预留窗口,将砼送入底板。下料时,一次数量不宜太多,并且要及时振捣,尤其边角处必须填满砼并振捣密实,以防浇筑腹板砼时冒浆。振捣时,先用插入式振捣器,然后用平板式振捣器将底板砼振平。振捣完,喷洒养生剂养 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 27 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 生。 2.腹板砼浇注 当超前浇筑的底板砼刚接近初凝(一般浇完2小时左右)时,即开始斜层浇筑腹板砼。两侧腹板砼要同步进行,以保持模板支架受力均衡。每层砼浇注厚度不得超过50cm,且要振捣密实,严禁漏振和过振现象。振捣器采用插入式高频振捣器,每层砼必须在初凝之前及时覆盖新的砼,以确保腹板砼的连续性。 3.顶板砼的浇筑 当腹板浇筑到箱梁腋部后,开始浇筑顶板砼。其顺序为先浇中间,后浇两侧翼缘板,但两侧翼板要同步进行。振捣时,先用插入式振捣器,再用行夯进行振捣整平。为控制桥面标高,必须按两侧模板标线高度进行砼浇筑。 在完成第二次抹面后,立即喷洒养生剂,覆盖养生。当砼达到初凝后,根据气候情况,另外采用塑料布,草袋或土工布覆盖并洒水养生。 4.横隔板浇筑 50m箱梁为满足内模机械化纵向移动的需要,墩顶横隔梁分两次浇筑,第一次浇筑时,横隔板尚未形成整体,要求横隔板梁底范围内布置满堂临时支承,内模纵向移动到下一施工梁段就位后,进行横隔板的二次浇筑,待横隔板第二次浇注的混凝土达到设计强度后,方可拆除梁底范围内的临时支承。 5.砼的技术要求 箱梁砼泵送施工的技术要求:强度:不低于设计强度50Mpa;水灰比:宜小于0.4;水泥标号:不得低于Po?42.5,富余系数不小于1.13;坍落度:15-18cm为宜;外加剂选用:根据性能要求由现场试验确定。 混凝土浇注时要振捣密实,外观平整。各(包括封锚处)认真凿毛、清洗、封锚区必要时采用补偿混凝土。 3.2.5.7.内模脱模 当一段梁的砼全部浇筑完以后,一般24小时左右,即可脱内模拆除端模,操作时先拆卸侧模底角模,再利用内模液压系统将顶模两边的角模降缩,落降顶模,卸掉侧模拦杆,然后利用滑模前方的卷扬机牵引内模支架,沿轨道向前移,此时侧模收缩就位,待每节内模都脱离原位后,再将所有内模反向牵引1—2m,让出张拉千斤顶所需的作业面,方完成内模卸脱工作。 3.2.5.8.预应力系统安装 1.将钢绞线和穿束机等运到施工现场,放置在已完成的桥面上, requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 28 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 2.检查钢束孔道是否畅通,将垫板喇叭口清理干净,然后用空压机吹清管道。 3.安装锚头和夹片:将钢绞线逐根穿入锚头的孔眼内,然后将锚头顺着钢绞线推至锚垫板处,并靠紧。将夹片套入钢绞线上,并推入锚头的锥形孔中。 4.安装千斤顶,将与锚具规格相对应的限位板套在钢束上,并推至锚头处,将张拉千斤顶悬挂在一活动支架上,用两个梳形导向叉,将钢绞线疏分,使钢绞线的分布与千斤顶内的孔眼对准,在每根钢绞线端头均套上一个导向帽壳,使顺利穿过千斤顶盘孔。 5.将钢绞线从预应力管道一端穿至另一端,穿束时,两端工作人员要密切配合,控制好张拉预留长度(一般60-80cm)。当空到位置后,用手提式电动砂轮锯将钢绞线垂直切断,一束钢绞线全部穿完后,要顺序完成锚固头的制作、联接器的安装、压浆管设置等工作。 3.2.5.9.施加预应力和管道压浆 当箱梁砼达到设计强度的95%、弹性模量达到设计的100%后,可进行预应力张拉,先进行纵向预应力张拉 ,再进行横向预应力张拉。张拉前要作好如下准备工作: 1.张拉与锚固:采用VSL预应力设备进行张拉。张拉时按拉力和延伸率双向控制,按设计要求的顺序进行张拉,将设计要求的张拉力分为三级,每一级张拉到要求时,均测量一次延伸量,重复张拉至设计控制力和相应的延伸量。将钢束的实际延伸量与计算值比较,其误差应小于6%,否则暂停张拉,查明原因并采取有效措施调整后,方可继续张拉。同一张拉截面钢束的断丝率不得大于1%。张拉过程中,要及时作好记录,且记录要整齐、准确。 2.箱梁一联底板通长预应力钢束必须两端同时张拉,由于张拉空间受限,通长预应力钢束张拉前先将钢束弯向一侧,以方便穿束,张拉时根据千斤顶的张拉行程逐次切割两端拉出的钢束。桥台背墙背墙待一联通长钢束张拉完毕后浇注;梁端封锚段混凝土留待下一联通长钢束张拉工序及灌浆完成后,方可进行浇筑。 3.管道压浆:为保证预应力施工质量,压浆标号不低于C50,预应力张拉结束后及时压浆,压浆前,先将管道用空压机吸干净,并在锚头上要上封锚堵帽。压浆时,在管道束端设一控制开关,当管道末端冒出浓浆后,即可封锚,为使管道充满水泥浆,要保持0.5-0.7Mpa的压力一分钟,再按下控制开关,至此,压浆结束。压浆工作要一气呵成,中间不得停顿。 4.封锚:预应力钢束固端锚与主梁同时浇注,并保证锚具与主梁的良好结合。张拉完要压浆。封锚段施工前,将梁端混凝土表面凿毛,并用水冲洗干净,再浇注封锚混凝土。封锚钢筋应与梁端伸出的纵向钢筋绑扎牢固,并同时安装伸缩缝所需的预埋钢筋和其他装置。 3.2.5.10.落模拆底模及滑模纵移 当完成了纵向预应力张拉后,进行横向预应力钢束张拉,完成后将各支点处的千斤顶回缩,使箱梁侧模和底模脱离砼箱梁(即落梁)并向外侧移,然后造桥机前移,施工下一孔箱 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 29 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 梁。 造桥机滑移时,滑移时速度要平稳,不宜超过4米/分钟,且当时的风速不宜大于20米/秒。 上部现浇箱梁施工工艺框详见附录【造桥机施工工艺流程图】。 3.2.5.11.主要机械设备 造桥机、砼拌合站、砼运输车、砼泵车、吊车、装载机、张拉设备、水车、发电机 、制管机、压浆机、车辆等。 3.2.6.桥面系施工方法 3.2.6.1.防撞护栏施工 永定新河大桥上防撞护栏为现浇混凝土防撞护栏。防撞护栏施工的重点主要是控制好防撞护栏上、下边缘的直顺度和高程。 模板按照每块(片)500cm长的模数进行加工,共加工10节,现场拼装。 防撞护栏施工方法如下: 1.使用经纬仪(或全站仪)在边梁上放出防撞护栏的底脚线,并用墨斗弹上线,以备绑扎钢筋和支模使用。 2.绑扎钢筋,并焊接预埋件(栏杆底座)和模板定位筋。 3.支立模板,调整模板上缘高程和顺直度,并加固模板。用海绵条堵塞模板下缘的缝隙。 4.浇筑防撞护栏混凝土。混凝土浇筑完毕后,覆盖养生。 5.当混凝土强度达到设计强度的70,后,拆除模板,并继续覆盖养生。 3.2.6.2桥面铺装 1.桥面铺装钢筋 (1)钢筋采用LL550级冷轧带肋钢筋焊网。技术标准应符合国家标准GB13788-92。焊网钢筋应满足钢材的可焊性要求。 (2)钢筋网制安 清理桥面杂物,用清水清理干净后进行钢筋网安装。桥面铺装采用E10冷轧带肋钢筋焊网,连续桥面墩顶、伸缩缝端加固网、沿梁端加强区均采用D10钢筋焊网。桥面铺装焊网搭接采用平接法,平接长度要符合《钢筋焊接网混凝土结构技术规程》JGJ/T 114-2003,焊网钢筋纵筋,保护层为净2cm。两片焊网搭接头位置相互错开,横向避免搭接通缝。在绑 2扎好的钢筋网片下加垫块,垫块为每1m范围内呈梅花形布置。垫块垫在钢筋网片的十字交 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 30 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 叉处,将垫块内绑丝与钢筋网片连接牢固,防止在施工作业时由于踩踏钢筋网片位置变动。 桥面铺装实测项目 表3-2 项 规定值或 检查项目 检查方法和频率 次 允许偏差 按照JTG F80/1-2004 1 强度或压实度 在合格标准内 附表B或D检查 2 厚度(mm) +10,-5 每100米测5处 水泥混凝土 平整度仪:全桥每车道 平高速 3 整IRI(m/km) 3.0 连续检测,每100m 公路 度 计算IRI或σ σ(mm) 1.8 水准仪:每100m 4 横坡(,) 水泥混凝土 ?0.15 检查3个断面 5 抗滑构造深度 符合设计要求 砂铺法:每200米查3处 3.2.6.2.桥面铺装混凝土 1.抗折混凝土桥面铺装施工方法 抗折混凝土桥面铺装厚度为8?,其28天抗折强度不小于4.5Mpa,混凝土坍落度小于8cm。 桥面铺装全宽30.5米,分为左右两幅,每幅宽度为15.25m,所使用的振捣梁宽度为5.5米,为方便施工,每幅桥面分三次进行混凝土桥面铺装,每条宽度均小于5.5m,在桥面上支立槽钢轨道,桥面横坡、纵坡、高程在支立轨道时同步完成。在施工过程中,从内侧向外侧逐条进行桥面混凝土铺装,以便同防撞护栏的现浇段同步进行,待防撞护栏完成后再进行外侧桥面铺装后施工。 2(桥面铺装混凝土浇筑 桥面钢筋验收合格后进行混凝土施工,混凝土采用已批准的厂家生产,坍落度小于8cm,在施工过程中,先用振捣棒沿两侧钢模振向中间进行振捣,再用振捣梁振捣,使用时将振捣梁架在两侧轨道上每侧一人推行前进,振捣梁行进一段距离后,用铝合金导梁初步成活,然后人工使用木抹子将桥面铺装混凝土成活,最后做轻微拉毛。混凝土终凝后在每跨跨中处横向切缝,切缝深度1.5cm,宽度为0.5cm,缝内用沥青玛蹄脂填塞。 3.振捣梁 振捣梁采用直径15cm,长5.5米的钢管与两台功率2.2千瓦的振动器组合使用,振捣 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 31 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 器采用螺栓与钢管连接紧密。具体方式见下图: 振捣器位置振捣器位置 图3-7 振捣梁使用图 4.养生 混凝土浇筑完成后,采用无纺布覆盖洒水养生。并设专人每天洒水,每天洒水不少于三次,确保养生期间水分充足。 3.2.7.伸缩缝施工方法 1(开槽 对伸缩缝中心进行放线,按设计要求的位置及尺寸正确划线,用切缝机沿边线切开,注意切时要上下垂直,以达到设计要求深度。并保护好缝边缘不受破坏。切完后,槽内清理干净、整齐。伸缩缝内杂物全部清理干净。 2(安装焊接 开槽完毕后,主梁预埋筋及搭板预埋筋按设计要求扳直后,用吊车把伸缩缝吊至现场,检查伸缩缝的顺直度、缝宽、侧弯是否符合设计标准。若伸缩缝的缝隙宽度与设计宽度不符,则按照监理工程师的要求进行施工。 按设要求穿放横筋,正式焊接前先进行定位焊接,即间隔一米左右将此位置的锚固筋点焊到横穿筋上并将横穿筋与预埋筋点焊牢固,若由于施工误差使得锚固筋与横穿筋及预埋筋交不上,可用搭接钢筋方法连接。 为防止施工过程中由温度变化造成伸缩缝装置各梁间缝隙不均匀,从而影响伸缩缝装置工作性能和外观,伸缩缝两侧穿筋时,采用通长筋(不允许用钢筋头焊接),焊接时每米有2处以上,5cm以上焊点。在焊接工序完成后1小时内进行解锁工序。 安装模板时应做到严密,以防止浇混凝土时漏浆或渗入位移控制箱和胶带槽内。 3.钢纤维混凝土浇筑 在混凝土浇筑前,用笨板挡住防止混凝土灌入缩缝里面。采用50,钢纤维混凝土浇筑, requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 32 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 要求坍落度宜在6,8cm,一次浇筑完成。浇筑后对混凝土裸露面及时进行修整,抹平,待定浆后抹二遍并压光,在表面成活过程中,严禁洒干灰和洒水处理。橡胶带符合质量要求安装时应能安放无接头。混凝土高度与伸缩缝平(平整度按0控制)。 伸缩缝安装实测项目 表3-3 项规定值或允许偏检查项目 检查方法和频率 次 差 1 长度(mm) 符合设计要求 尺量:每道 2 缝宽(mm) 符合设计要求 尺量:每道2处 3 与桥面高差(mm) 2 尺量:每侧3,7处 一般 ?0.5 水准仪:测量纵向锚固混凝土端部3处 4 纵坡(,) 大型 ?0.2 水准仪:沿纵向测伸缩缝两侧3处 5 横向平整度(mm) 3 4.养生 采用无纺布养生7天,最佳时间14天,封闭交通,待混凝土强度达到100,后方可放行。以确保混凝土的设计强度。橡胶密封带伸展开,然后平顺到型钢缝隙中。 3.2.8.支座安装方法 3.2.8.1板式橡胶支座的安装 1.现浇梁橡胶支座的安装顺序 (1)先将墩台垫石顶面浮砂除去,墩台表面应清洁、平整、无油污。 (2)在支承垫石上按设计图纸标出支座位置中心线,同时在橡胶支座上也标上十字交叉中心线,将橡胶支座安放在垫石上,使支座中心线同墩台上的设计中心线相重合,支座就位准确。 (3)在浇筑砼梁体前,在橡胶支座位置上需加设一块比支座平面稍大的支承钢板,钢板上焊锚固钢筋与梁体相连接。将支承钢板视作现浇梁底面模板一部分,为防止漏浆,可在支承钢板与模板之间四周空隙处用棉纱填塞,以后在拆除模板时,再将填塞物除去。 2.预制梁橡胶支座的安装顺序 预制梁橡胶支座安装的关键:应尽可能地保证梁底与垫石顶面平行、平整,使其同橡胶支座上、下面全部密贴,避免偏压、脱空、不均匀支承的发生。施工程序如下: (1)先将支承垫石顶面浮砂除去,垫石表面应清洁、平整、无油污。 (2)预制梁及支座接触的底平面应保证水平与平整,若有蜂窝状或倾斜度应预先处理 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 33 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 好。 (3)先在支承垫石上按设计图标出支座位置中心线,同进在橡胶支座上也标上十字交叉中心线。将支座安入在垫石上,使支座中心线同支座垫石上的支座位置中心线相重合,使支座就位准确。架梁、落梁时,预制梁的纵轴线应同支座中心线相重合。为使落梁准确,在架第一跨梁时,可在梁底画好两个支座的十字位置中心线,在梁的端立面上标出两个支座位置中心铅直线,落梁时同墩台上的位置中心线相吻合。 架梁、落梁时操作应平稳,防止支座偏心受压或产生初始剪切变形。 3.橡胶支座安装时的调整 橡胶支座安装后,若发现下述情况则应及时调整: (1)个别支座脱空,出现不均匀受力; (2)支座发生较大的初始剪切变形; (3)支座偏压严重,局部受压,侧面异常鼓出而局部脱空。 调整方法一般可用千斤顶顶起梁端,在支座上下表面铺涂一层环氧树脂砂浆。再次落梁,在重力作用下,使支座上下表面相互平行且同梁底、墩台顶面全部密贴,同时使一片梁两端的支座处在同一平面内。梁的纵向倾斜度应加以控制,以支座不产生明显初始剪切变形为佳。 4.板式橡胶支座安装的注意事项 (1)安装前应支支座进行检查、验收,所有的橡胶支座必须有产品合格证明书。制造支座的胶料、钢材和聚四氟乙烯料的物理机械性能、力学性能应符合交通部行业标准JT,T4。 (2)检查支座垫石顶面标高,力求准确一致。尤其是一片梁安置两个支座时,此两个支承垫石顶面标高的水平误差要严格控制。 (3)矩形支座短边应与顺桥方向平行安置,以利转动。 (4)圆形支座各向同性,安装时无须考虑方向性,只需将支座圆心与设计位置中心相重合即可。 3.2.8.2四氟滑板橡胶支座的安装 1.四氟滑板橡胶支座的安装施工方法与板式橡胶支座基本相同,但应注意下列事项: (1)安装四氟滑板橡胶支座必须精心细致,支座应按设计支承中心准确就位,梁底钢板与支承垫石(或下钢板)顶面尽可能保持平行平整,与支座上下面全部密贴。同一片梁的各个支座应置于同一平面上,避免出现支座偏心受压、不均匀支承及个别脱空的现象。 (2)四氟滑板橡胶支座安装后,若发现问题需要调整时,可顶起梁端,在四氟支座底面与支承垫石(或下钢板)之间涂一层环氧树脂砂浆来调节。 (3)支座四氟板的储油凹坑内,安装时应充满不会挥发的“295”硅脂作润滑剂,以降 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 34 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 低磨擦系数。 (4)与四氟板面接触的不锈钢板面不允许有损伤、拉毛现象,以免增大磨擦系数及损坏四氟板。 (5)落梁时,为防上梁与支座发生横向滑移,宜用木制三角垫块在梁两侧加以定位,待落梁工作全部完毕后拆除。 (6)支座与不锈钢板的相对位置要视安装时温度而定。但若不锈钢板有足够的长度,则安装时将支座与不锈钢板的中心对齐即可。 3.2.8.3球型钢支座的安装 1.支座安装高度应符合设计,要保证支座支承平面的水平及平整,支座支承面四角高差不得不于2mm。 2.安装时支座的相对滑动面应用丙酮、洒精仔细擦净,不得夹有杰尘和杂质,然后在表面均匀地涂满“295”硅脂。 3.上、下连接板在梁体安装完成后予以拆除,以防约束梁体的正常转动,及时安装活动支座的橡胶防尘罩。 4.支座出厂时,应由生产厂家将支座调平,并拧紧连接螺栓以防止支座在安装过程中发生转动和倾覆。支座可根据设计需要预设转角及位移,由生产厂家在装配时,预先调整好。 5.支座在安装前方可开箱,并检查装箱清单,包括配件清单、原材料检验报告复印件、支座产品合格证及支座安装养护细则。开箱后,不得任意松动连接螺栓,并不得任意拆卸支座。 6.支座安装步骤及注意事项如下: (1)支座开箱并检查装箱清单及合格证。 (2)安装支座板及地脚螺栓,在下支座板四角用钢楔块调整支座水平,并使下支座板底面高出桥墩顶面20mm,50mm;找正支座纵、横向中线位置,使之符合设计要求,用环氧砂浆浇注地脚螺栓孔及支座底面垫层。 (3)环氧砂浆硬化后,拆除支座四角临时钢楔块,并用环氧砂浆填满抽出楔块的空隙。 (4)现浇砼梁形成整体并达到设计强度后,在张拉梁体预应力之前,拆除上、下连接板,以防止约束梁体正常转动。 (5)拆除上、下支座连接板后,检查支座外观,并及时安装支座外防尘罩。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 35 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 第四章 冬、雨季施工措施 4.1雨季施工 (1)筹备好防汛物资,做好物资准备和技术准备,材料部提前购置帆布、塑料布、潜水泵等防汛物资,做到“有备无患”。 (2)按时收集天气预报资料,注意在大雨来临之前做好防雨、排水措施。雨季施工前,应对各类仓库、配电室、机具料棚、食堂、宿舍(包括电压线路)等进行全面检查,加固补漏,对于危险建筑必须及时处理。凡有可能积水的区域,应事先填筑平整。大模板、机具等存放场地,以及现场钢筋、木工加工的生产场地,应分层碾压密实,严禁积水,防止雨季下沉。 (3)工程材料、机械设备及现场临时设施 ?做好工程材料特别是水泥、钢筋存放场地的排水措施,存放场地选择在地势较高,排水顺畅的地点,水泥要搭设防雨棚,钢筋要用苫布苫好。材料不得直接存放于地面上,下部垫起,距地面不小于30cm,距墙不小于50cm,防止受潮。 ?现场临时设施的搭设,严格按照各有关规定实施,防洪器材要备齐,要定期检查其工作是否正常,并按有关规定发放。脚手架的设计,搭设必须符合建设施工安全技术标准和安全操作规程要求,搭设后未经专业验收并合格的脚手架,一律不得投入使用。 ?雨季施工前,要对各类架子区域的防洪、排水设施进行认真地清理修复,确保排水有效、不冲不淹、不陷不沉。雨季施工中,要经常检查各类架子的根部及与建筑物的拉结牢固情况,要经常检查和及时维修加固各类脚手板及防滑条,确保架板稳固、防滑措施有效。 ?用电的机械设备按相应规定做好接地或接零保护装置,并经常检查和测试有效性及灵敏性。现场机械设备要有防雨、防潮、防淹措施,电动机械、手持电动工具必须设安全漏电保护器。雨季施工对动力、照明线路及供配电设备进行全面检查,杜绝跑漏电现象。配电箱,电闸箱有防雨、防潮措施,并外壳有接地保护。各种电气化动力设备经常进行绝缘、接地、接零保护的检测,发现问题及时解决,尤其在雨后对设备电缆线检查,确认无问题后,方可开闸施工。 4.2冬季施工 4.2.1冬期施工的工程项目 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 36 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 本工程由于55mPZ梁需要采用造桥机逐孔施工,每孔平均施工期需20,25天,投入一套造桥机,按2007年7月30日通车考虑,最迟2005年12月10日必须进行主孔的基础及下部墩身施工。通过调查天津市的历年气温资料,本地11月15日至次年的3月15日的平均气温低于5?。因此此阶段需进行冬季施工,主要工程项目为: 左幅:34、35承台及墩桩、右幅:35、36承台及墩桩 33冬季施工部分共计C25砼 211.1M,C30砼792.1M,根据本工程的特点,结合本公司的实际情况,按《公路桥涵施工技术规范》的相关规定,对本合同的冬期施工项目采用如下施工方案。 4.2.2钻孔桩成孔 在钻孔桩施工时,对施工的成孔设备进行全面检修,确保施工设备性能可靠,用冬季机械润滑油,对流水易引起冰冻部位部件采用包裹措施进行保温防护,并在施工现场搭设保温棚,以供两人取暖及维护加热冰冻部件用,对钻孔用泥浆池进行遮挡,并经常进行搅动,加防冻剂以防结冰,必要时采用加热水的措施,确保泥浆循环。 4.2.3混凝土施工 首先对冬季施工的砼配合比进行抗冻砼设计,优先选用硅酸盐水泥、普通水泥,水泥标号不宜低于425号,水灰比不大于0.5,水泥用量不少于300Kg。砼拌和时加添防冻剂并对砼拌和用水进行加热,对集料采用加盖苫布的保温措施,提高砼的出罐温度,保证砼的出罐温度不低于15?,加快砼的运输速度,保证砼的入模温度?5?,对钻孔桩砼在桩顶距地面1m以上时不做特殊养护,,1m时用保温材料进行防护。基础及墩身砼采用蓄热法进行养护,采用在模板外面包裹棉苫布的方法。砼达到设计强度后严格按?2?,h的速度降温,等同内温度与总温相差?15?时房拆除保温苫布。 4.2.4钢筋加工 钢筋弯制焊接时在温度不低于规定的加工温度的厂房内进行,对必需在室外进行的钢筋连接,主筋采用不受温度影响的机械连接方式,本项目采用直螺纹套筒连接,一级钢筋采用绑扎的方式。 4.2.5箱梁预制 箱梁预制安排在2月中旬开工。根据当地气温资料,每年2月中旬至3月中旬白天气温基本处于正温,属于一般低温阶段。 箱梁混凝土浇注选择白天施工,浇筑混凝土将掺用引气剂,以提高其抗冻性,用于搅 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 37 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 拌混凝土的各项材料温度,应满足混凝土搅拌生成所需要的温度,当原有材料温度不能满足需要时,对拌和用水加温、加热。 混凝土运输必须合理安排,尽量减少运输时间和浇注时间。浇注过程中模板表面包裹棉苫布进行保温,浇注结束后立即覆盖棉苫布防止温度过快散失。 根据同条件下养护时间的检验,证明混凝土已达到要求的抗冻强度和拆模强度后,方可拆除模板。混凝土养护采用综合蓄热法,做好测温记录。在采用抗冻剂的情况下,达到3.5MPa强度后,每6h测温一次。混凝土浇筑后采用塑料薄膜、棉苫布覆盖。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 38 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 第五章 重点和难点工程施工方法及措施 5.1本桥的施工重点和难点 1.本桥的施工重点是左幅26,,35,墩,右幅25,,34,墩的基础及PZ梁的施工,这是因为两幅梁单是上部施工,时间就特别紧,按2007年7月30日完工几乎没有富余时间,因此在工期上是合理控制关键,另外在施工技术上55mPZ梁采用MSS法施工在国内也很少见,该施工技术各方面要求都很高。近年国内没有现成的实例可供学习和参考,因此在施工技术能存在一些不可预料的问题。除此而外55m孔的基础施工,在围水及承台施工的降水、支护上、大体积砼的降温防裂上也都存在一定的施工难度,在技术、质量控制都是本合同的重点。 2.本桥施工的难点有二方面:一是水中墩基础施工,在基础施工中存在河道围水,或水中施工平台的搭建,大直径深长钻孔桩的质量控制,承台施工的开挖围护和降水,承台大体积的温度控制等问题;二是55mPZ梁的施工,在PZ梁的施工上存在着当前国内没有55m的MSS造桥机,因此在施工设备的研制和改造上有一定的难度。再就是在PZ梁的施工过程中,整个施工工艺的控制和造桥及支撑系统的预埋和支撑系统的就位和移位等技术难点。 3.针对施工的重点、难点问题成立总工为首的专项、专题科研小组,对专项问题进行认真的研究,攻克各项难点,制定出各专项问题的详细的施工方案和技术指导书,以保证工程施工的顺利进行。 5.2工作方法 对左幅26,,35,墩,右幅25,,34,墩的基础施工采用草袋围堰,粘土填芯的施工方法,要水上作业为路上作业。筑岛围堰平面尺寸比承台平面尺寸每边大10m。岛面标高比永定新河水位高1.5m。钻孔作业时每个墩位布置互循环,用造桥机两台,交错布置。水下砼的灌注桩采用砼输送罐车,配合砼输送泵的运输方式。采用φ300mm焊接导管,钢筋笼连接采用直螺纹。砼浇筑到标高后为减少后期破除桩头的工作量,人工在砼浇筑结束后掏挖桩头。一个墩的钻孔桩全部施工结束后,用人工配合挖掘机进行基坑开挖,开挖时基坑内坡度为1:0.5,注意保证基坑顶面的弃土及时清除,并保证河水与基坑边缘隔水各税部分的顶面宽度?5m。对基坑内的渗水,采用在坑内设积水坑,潜水泵明排的处理方式。在基坑用挖掘机挖到距设计标高20cm左右时用人工挖除余土,达设计标高的清理桩头及基底。按常规方法,绑扎钢筋、支立模板,浇筑砼。由于本承台及墩身体积较大,按规范的相关规定,属大体积砼要进行防治水化热过大造成承台及墩身的温度裂缝,应次要采用,一是通过砼配合比的调整,减少砼的水化热,再就是通过在砼内布置降温管束降低通内外温差,防止温度裂缝的发生。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 39 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 PZ梁的施工采用MSS施工法,本工程拟使用一台采用造桥机,采用在承台顶面预埋立柱固定件,将立柱与墩身临时连接,支撑主承重梁的方法。 施工时先在左幅35,34孔间拼装造桥机,拼装完成后,按浇筑砼荷载预压测定弹性及塑性变形,拆卸后按测定变形值设置预拱。然后调整模板、绑扎钢筋,浇筑砼。左幅完成后将造桥机移到右幅,完成全桥的PZ梁施工。 PZ梁施工时注意标高的观测和调整,严格控制,重点检查支撑系统的可靠性,注意按操作规程作业,明确分工严细操作。 5.3应急措施 1.高度重视汛期的防洪工作。进入汛期后,实行24小时值班制度,发现问题及时汇报,并采取有效措施,确保工程施工的安全。 2.为防止大量泥浆污染河道,设置规模足够大的泥浆池及足够的运输车辆。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 40 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 第六章 质量保证体系及措施 6.1质量目标 本工程质量目标满足招标文件要求,按照《公路工程质量检验评定标准》(JTGF80,1,2004)进行评定,达到优良等级,保市优、创国优。 6.2质量保证体系 为保证本标段工程顺利实施和兑现投标文件确定的工程质量目标,根据ISO9001质量管理体系标准和我公司质量管理体系文件规定,建立质量保证体系。详见附录【项目经理部质量保证体系框图】 6.3质量保证措施 6.3.1组织保证措施 1.建立以项目经理为组长,项目副经理、总工程师为副组长,项目经理部相关部门负责人、作业队长、技术主管为组员的全面质量管理领导小组。 2.由质量管理领导小组制订质量管理机构及人员的质量职责。将质量管理细化分工到个人,做到职责明确,工作内容清楚,形成质量工作人人有责的工作氛围。 3.每半月组织全面质量管理领导小组成员召开总结会,总结前一段质量管理工作,制订下一段工程工作内容。 6.3.2 思想教育保证措施 1.在本标段参施职工中,广泛开展“责任、市场”质量观教育,使广大职工加强全员质量意识,牢固树立“百年大计,质量第一”的思想。 2.在施工过程中,组织职工培训,深入开展全面质量管理教育,使参施员工深刻认识人、机、料、法、环五大因素对工程质量的影响,从而围绕五大因素研究并实施不断提高工程质量的措施和方法。 6.3.3 技术管理保证措施 1.建立、健全技术责任奖惩制度,作到分工明确,责任到人,使施工程序和方法符合施工技术的要求,并以此确保工程质量。 2.运用统筹法、网络计划技术等现代化管理方法,在周密调查研究取得可靠数据的基 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 41 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 础上,编制切实可行的实施性施工组织设计,并报监理工程师批准后执行。在严格按网络计划组织实施的同时,实行动态管理,根据变化了的情况及时作出必要的调整,使整个施工过程处于受控状态。 3.作好施工前的技术准备工作,认真核对设计文件和图纸资料,切实领会设计意图,及时会同设计部门和业主解决发现的问题。 6.3.4 施工过程保证措施 1.把住材料采购关,按照公司质量管理体系文件要求,从物资采购、供应商提供产品、产品标识和追溯性、不合格产品的控制、纠正和预防以及质量记录等六个环节,由各部门负责人分头组织进行控制。各种材料到达工地必须由质量工程师和试验工程师进行检测验收,投入使用前必须按规范进行试验并将材料的质检结果报送监理工程师审查。 2.狠抓过程控制,建立工程质量动态管理办法。中标后拟定报监理工程师批准《经理部质量动态管理计划》,建立工程质量数据库,并将各项检测结果逐日绘制工程质量指标管理图,同时随工程进展分阶段绘制施工质量直方图和正态分布曲线,并报送监理工程师审查。 3.对混凝土工程等关键工序项目,实行旁站监督,施工整个过程都将置于质量工程师和试验工程师的现场监督之下。 6.3.5特殊工序桥面防水质量保证措施 1.桥面防水材料为聚合物改性沥青防水涂料,技术要求及质量检测应JC/T975-2005标准要求; 2.拥有桥梁桥面防水材料必备的资质证书; 3.必须是桥梁桥面防水材料且具有市级科研证书; 4.必须具有天津市市政工程局新材料小组的认证书; 6.4成品及半品保护 1、对集中加工成型(未安装)的钢筋存放在距地面以上0.3m的平台、垫木或其他支承上,并用彩布遮盖,以防止锈蚀。 2、模板运输及安装中,严禁抛扔,除拆下来的模板及时清理、修整。未安装的模板必须垫平后整齐码放,并用彩布遮盖,以防止变形或锈蚀。 3、混凝土振捣过程中避免碰撞模板、钢筋及预埋件。拆除模板时按先支后拆的顺序,不能用猛烈的敲打和强扭等方法,即要保护混凝土也要保护模板。混凝土浇筑完毕后,即时覆盖洒水养生。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 42 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 4、预制箱梁要做好成品保护工作,箱梁的存放要注意地基的处理防止不均匀沉降、枕木的水平及位置的准确,编注流水号以便吊装时统计编号方便,注意箱梁的存放距离及高度避免碰撞;运输前要注意运输通道畅通,运输过程中注意吊装位置用油漆标明,对接触位置进行铺垫、包裹,在车架上设置转盘,以便构件在车辆转弯时受力良好;吊装时轻吊轻放,避免碰撞,安放后支护牢固。施工机械作业时,避免刮碰盖梁和墩柱。 5、对施工场进行围挡,严禁各种车辆在未交验的桥面上行驶。 6.5质量通病的防治 本合同段质量通病主要防范对象有:公路桥头及桥梁伸缩缝处跳车的防范、结构物表面粗糙的防治措施、桥梁伸缩缝、预应力结构孔道压浆不实的防治措施、防护工程表面粗糙的防范。针对以上问题,制定以下防范措施: 6.5.1公路桥头及桥梁伸缩缝跳车的防范措施 公路桥头、桥梁伸缩缝跳车是目前国内公路较常见的道路病害。当跳车现象严重时,会极大影响车辆行驶速度,增加车辆行驶时间,加大油耗。同时对车辆本身及路面和桥涵结构均会产生较大冲击和破坏。 1.桥头跳车产生的原因 (1)地基强度不同 桥涵、通道与路基大都是平行进行施工中的,桥涵是刚性体,其地基强度一般都有较高的要求,并进行加固处理,沉降较小或不沉降(岩石地基)。而台后填方段地基未进行加固处理,从而使桥台和台后填方产生差异沉降变形,以致形成台阶。 (2)台后填料不当 施工时对桥台台后的回填土未能慎重考虑,施工人员用料不当、控制不严,未能达到设计要求。 (3)台后填料压实度不足 在台背回填的施工中,未能很好控制分层厚度,压路机碾压遍数不够,致使台背填料压实度达不到设计和规范要求。此外,为避免破坏桥台结构,重型压路机不能过于靠近,也往往使靠近桥台部位的填方体不易达到设计和压实度要求。 (4)台后填料或地基受渗水侵蚀 在桥台和台后填方之间或者锥坡部位,降水易沿路面或锥坡体(锥坡体的压实度较难达到要求)下渗,下渗水对土类填料,易产生侵蚀和软化,特别对于填方体压实度不够,更易产生侵蚀和软化,降低强度,从而导致逐渐减小,从而使地基产生凹形沉降变形,当水沿砂砾石下渗到地基后,下渗水不易快速排泄,从而软化地基,并加速地基的变形。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 43 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 2.桥梁伸缩缝处跳车产生的原因 (1)伸缩装置自身问题 伸缩装置本身构造刚度不足,锚固的构件强度不足,在运营过程中产生不同程度的破坏。 (2)伸缩装置的后浇压填材料选择不当 对伸缩装置的后浇压填材料没有认真对待、精心选择,致使伸缩装置营运质量下降,产生不同程度的病害。 (3)施工不当 施工过程中,梁端伸缩缝间距没有按设计要求完成,人为地放大和缩小,定位角钢位置不正确,致使伸缩装置不能正常工作。施工时伸缩装置的锚固钢筋焊接的不够牢固,或产生遗漏预埋锚固钢筋的现象,给伸缩缝本身造成隐患。施工时伸缩装置安装的不好,使用过程中,在反复荷载作用下致使伸缩缝损坏。 (4)桥面铺装的影响 接缝处桥面凹凸不平,桥面铺装层老化等均可引起伸缩装置的破损。 3.桥头跳车的防治措施 (1)对地基进行加固处理 进行回填前,首先了解地基的地层岩性情况,并进行地基承载力试验,取样做土的含水量、密度和剪切试验。对桥台附近地基进行强夯或蓝派压路机进行加固处理,消除地基土层被压缩的影响,对特殊地基,在分段计算填方自重压力后,采用换填灰土或砂砾,做混凝土垫层,打挤密桩等方法进行处理。 (2)台背回填 台背回填应采用透水性材料,台背回填宜与锥坡同时填筑。分层松铺厚度须小于20cm。回填时尽可能使用大型压实机械,当受场地限制时,可采用横向碾压法,以能使压路机尽量靠近台背进行碾压。不能使用压路机碾压机,使用手扶式冲击夯进行夯实,虚铺厚度应不超过15cm。对于涵洞肥槽的回填采用开台阶的方法,每层台阶的厚度不超过60cm。进行台背回填施工时,要注意填料土压的平衡,不得发生偏压,回填压实度必须达到96,以上。 (3)设置完善排水措施 施工时保证施工中的排水坡度,设置必要的地下排水措施。另外,在桥台与填方段结合处及过渡段的路面下设置二灰砂砾垫层,防止路面下渗水进入填方体。 (4)强化施工质量管理,提高台背路堤施工质量。 为使桥台填方达到要求的密实度,必须完善施工工艺、方法和施工质量管理。台背路堤与桥涵是两种不同性质的结构物。为了使两者之间的沉降差尽量小一些,应将该段路堤的压实要求在现有基础上有所提高。除了路基顶部土层可提高至98,或更高以外,整个路 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 44 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 堤的压实度提高。为提高压实度,压实土层厚度可以适当减薄以及增加压实遍数。在施工管理上,应委派专人负责台背回填,试验密切配合,层层把关,确保回填质量。 4.桥梁伸缩缝处跳车防治措施 施工中要保证锚固钢筋在混凝土中的锚固长度和间距准确,不能有遗漏预埋钢筋现象,更不能仅将锚固钢筋设置在桥面混凝土中,锚固钢筋的焊接也应牢固,位置要准确。伸缩装置的定位角钢一定要依据安装时测定出的气温、计算伸缩缝的伸缩量来调整两块定位角钢之间的距离,并按桥面高度将定位角钢焊接到预埋钢筋上,严格控制缝距。定位角钢附近的混凝土,在施工中振捣比较困难,死角和钢筋密集的部位,应加强人工振捣。 6.5.2结构物表面粗糙的防治措施 1.砼蜂窝、麻面及砂线的预防措施 桥梁墩柱采用整体钢模板,盖梁采用大块定型钢模板进行施工。模板接缝处采用橡胶条密封,避免出现砂线,桥梁各部位混凝土按设计要求严格控制配合比,加强振捣,避免漏振、过振的现象,振捣过程中,严禁振捣棒碰撞钢模板。 2.砼变形裂纹的预防措施 (1)在应力集中的部位增加构造钢筋,提高抗裂性能; (2)精心设计砼配合比; (3)合理选用砼外掺剂; (4)浇筑砼尽量避免高温和日照; (5)采用两次振捣技术,掌握好两次振捣的时间间隔(2小时为宜)。 (6)浇筑后要覆盖浇水养生,同时注意保温、防风,重要部件要采用蒸汽养生; (7)掌握好拆模的时间和拆模时的温度,拆模后要立即用塑料薄膜覆盖,避免砼体内的水分流失。 3.跑模涨模的防治措施 (1)模板设计时,根据混凝土浇注速度及振捣情况,确定其刚度,并留有安全系数。承台及桥墩外模采用定型钢模板,梁侧模采用组合钢模板。 (2)支撑设计时,充分考虑支撑失稳,拉筋变形,外靠支点牢靠,拉顶结合。 (3)混凝土浇筑前,设专人对支架、模板、钢筋和预埋件进行检查,并做发记录,符合设计及规范要求后方可浇筑。浇筑过程中,对支架、模板、钢筋和预埋件等稳固情况,当发现有松动、变形、移位时,及时处理。 4.钢筋保护层不足的防治 钻孔灌注桩钢筋的保护层采用预制φ10cm的混凝土块。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 45 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 6.5.3桥梁伸缩缝安装易出现质量问题及解决方法 1.缝宽比设计大。 严格按照设计预留安装槽。 2.变形缝上有杂物。 在变形缝上覆盖橡胶板,防止杂物进入并及时清扫。 3.预埋件位置偏差过大。 严格控制预埋件位置及间距。 4.伸缩装置不平整。 (1)控制型钢变形,两侧异性钢高差满足设计要求。 (2)伸缩缝附近桥面应平整。 (3)固定钢筋应牢固可靠。 6.5.4预应力结构孔道压浆不实的防治措施 1.孔道在压浆前应仔细检查,防止有跑气、漏浆、串孔等情况发生,压浆前用高压水冲洗孔道,清除杂物,并用高压风吹干,如果在冲洗孔道时发现有冒水、漏水的现象发生,应及时予以堵塞。当有串孔现象发生时,应判明串孔数量,在压浆时,几个串孔也同时压注。或者某一孔道压浆后立即用高压水彻底冲洗。 2.压浆前对压浆设备进行仔细的检修,确保设备压力能够达到规定要求,控制在0.5,0.7Mpa,保持压浆时的状况良好。 3.严格控制水泥浆质量。适当加入膨胀剂,同时保证水泥浆有良好的和易性。 4.孔道两端均加阀门,出浆孔有浓浆喷出后封死,二次补压,并持压2,5分钟。孔道较长时,在高处设排气孔,孔道较长时,在高处设排气孔。 6.5.5防护工程表面粗糙的防范措施 1.防护工程表面粗糙的表现 防护工程指挡墙、锥坡、护面墙、边沟、护坡等工程。防护工程表面常给人的印象是粗糙不美观。表现为墙面平整度差、不顺直、线形不顺适、曲线不圆滑、勾缝粗糙、起皮脱落等。 2.施工中的防范措施 (1)提高认识、加强责任心。全体充分重视,提高对质量概念的全面认识; (2)做好石料的选择 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 46 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 砌筑用片石要求石质坚硬(不得使用卵形和薄片石料),规定厚度必须大于15cm。片石用作镶面时应选表面较平整,尺寸较大者,并要加以修整,风化石严禁用作镶面石。 砌筑用块石的规定形状是大致方正、上下面平整,厚度在20,30cm之间,宽度约为厚度的1.0,1.5倍,长度为厚度的1.5-3.0倍。用做镶面时要加以修整,使外露面平整,敲除锋棱锐角。 (3)严格勾缝工艺要求 严格按配合比拌制砂浆,不得低于设计标号;勾缝用的中细砂一定要过筛,含泥量小于规定,水泥标号符合规范要求;先将浆砌时的砂浆凿除2cm深度,用水冲洗,并湿润旧砂浆和石料,使砌筑砂浆和勾缝砂浆结合良好。缝面平整光滑、密实,砂浆强度凝固到一定时候再开始修整缝面;注意勾缝的宽度一致,线条顺适、圆滑;严格控制勾缝时间,不得在低温下进行。勾缝后要加强养护,以防局部脱落。 (4)施工工艺要细致 放线要准确,挂线要牢靠,曲线放桩要加密,曲线砌筑要圆滑,墙面要顺直,砂浆要饱满,丁顺结合,不支垫石。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 47 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 结论 通过施工组织设计的编制,可以全面考虑拟建工程的各种具体施工条件,扬长避短地拟定合理的施工方案,确定施工顺序,施工方法和劳动组织,合理地统筹安排拟定施工进度计划,为拟建工程的设计方案在经济上的合理性,在技术上的科学性和在实施工程上的可能性进行论证,提供依据,为建设单位编制基本建设计划和施工企业编制施工准备提供依据。可以把拟建工程的设计与施工,技术与经济,前方与后方和施工企业的全部施工安排与具体工程的施工组织工作更紧密地结合起来。可以把直接参加的施工单位与协作单位,部门与部门,阶段与阶段,过程与过程之间的关系更好地协调起来。正是由于这样重要的作用,因此,施工组织设计必须详细和具体。该施工组织设计在一些方面有不足的地方,具体在施工中遇到的问题会逐步完善。 requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 48 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 参考文献 [1]范立础.预应力混凝土连续梁桥[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1988. [2]黄绳武.桥梁施工及组织管理(上册)[M].北京:人民交通出版社.1999. [3]吴昌期.杨家沪,韩凤平.预应力混凝土梁桥施工[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1981. [4]邓学才.建筑工程施工组织设计的编制与实施. 中国建材工业出版社.2006-4-1 [5]贾立群.混凝土与砂浆配合比设计手册.中国建筑工业出版社.2007-7-1 [6]张浩.施工组织设计.机械出版社会.2006-9-1 [7]张倬元.工程地质分析原理.地质出版社会.2005-1-1 [8]许德刚.材料力学.郑州大学出版社会.2007-1-1 [9] 东南大学 同济大学 天津大学.混凝土结构中国建筑工业出版社.2007-11-1 [10]轻骨料混凝土桥梁技术规程CECS202:2006.中国工程建设标准化协会标准 .中国计划出版社 2006-8-1 [11] 马虎臣.建筑施工质量控制技术.中国建筑工业出版社,2007-2-1 [12] [13] [14] [15] requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 49 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 东北林业大学本科毕业设计 致 谢 该毕业设计已经完成,作为一个本科生的毕业设计,由于工程施工经验的欠缺,在施工中有许多考虑不周的地方,如果没有老师的指导,以及同事们在CAD作图方面的支持,是很难完成这个设计的。 感谢我所有授课的老师,为我充实了更多的专业知识,使我在施工过程中更加有自信完成本职工作;同时也要感谢我的班主任王秀斌老师在此期间的照顾,此次设计才会顺利完成。从开始进入课题到设计的顺利完成,有许多可敬的师长,同学, 同事给了我无言的帮助,在这里请接受我诚挚的谢意~谢谢你们! requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 50 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and 京津高速公路五标施工组织设计 指导教师评语: 指导教师签名: 评阅人评语或论文答辩委员会意见: 答辩委员会、评阅人(签名): 年 月 日 毕业设计(论文)成绩: requirements for protection against handling product materials to use personnel management should make disclosure. 7.7.2 constr- 51 - uction units should be made out to provide protective measures. If necessary, the handling should be in the operating instructions on the product provides for lifting the protection requirements in the process. 7.7.3 shipped to the secondary databases for temporary storage or delivered to the installation site the temporary storage of products, the ZHDB 306051-2003 storage management procedures should be in accordance with the requirements of section 2.4 of protection. 7.8 Installing and debugging before the change to the requirements of protection7.8.1 the construction units responsible for installation and commissioning during the transfer to product maintenance within the scope of construction and maintenance. 7.8.2 maintenance card protection equipment, construction units in accordance with the maintenance tab on the maintenance requirements and frequency of professional maintenance of the product, and
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