【计算机】现代远程教育资源建设技术规范

Part2 语法专题 倒装句 1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of … 2. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took… 3. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all information you need to know. 4. Here comes my list of dos and don’ts. 在英语中,主语和谓语的语序通常 是主语在前,谓语在后。但有时为了 语法结构的需要,或者是为了强调, 谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语 前面,这种语序叫做倒装。 倒装可分为: a.全部倒装 b.部分倒装 倒装(Inversion): 基本语序natural order subject 主+ predicate 谓+object 宾 I 　 love English. 　倒装 Inversions 把谓语动词放在主语之前, 叫倒装结构。 如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词等放在主语之 　前, 叫部分倒装。 Here comes the car. (全倒) Never will Zhou Yang forget…(半倒) 动词主体仍在后面 1. There goes the bell. 2. Out rush the children. 3. Never was he interested in the pop stars. 4. In front of the house was a small garden. 5. Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 6. No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 1. 2. 4. goes rush was 对倒装句的考查在福建高考中主要出现在单项填空部分。 　1.主要考查的知识点： 　(1)使用全部倒装的情况 　(2)使用部分倒装的情况 　复习重点：引起倒装的词或短语 　2.如何应对倒装的考查 　解题时，首先认真分析题干句的句子，若句首含有引起倒装的词或短语，再结合主语的情况判断是否要倒装，同时比较4个选项，从时态、语态等方面进行判断，确定该选用哪一个。 倒装有两种形式： 一是完全倒装；二是部分倒装。 归 纳 总 结 规则1： Only + 状语 （副词/介词短语/状语从句）+部分倒装 Only then did he realize the importance of English. Only in this way can you learn maths well. Only if we keep on working hard can we succeed the next time. 特别注意： Only he can help me. 规则2：含有　否定意义　的副词或短语，如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcely…when…， no sooner…(than)…， not only…(but also), at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, under no circumstances, on no condition等，放在句首时，句子须部分倒装。 归 纳 总 结 熟 读 深 思 例如： 构成：将情态动词、助动词、be提到主语前。 (1) By no means can he catch up in such a short time. (2) He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (3) Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off. (4) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 注意： Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter. (连接并列主语，不可倒装) 归 纳 总 结 规则3： so/ neither/ nor位于句首 +部分倒装 His brother likes basketball and ________________ I don’t know the way. _______________________ ---He works hard. ---__________________. The teacher asked him answer the question, and he did so. They love playing basketball but don’t like playing football; it is the same with me. / so it is with me. so do I Neither/Nor does she. So he does. 熟 读 深 思 规则4 adj./adv./ n./ v. + as/ though + 主语 + 谓语… Although/ Though he is youngest in our class, he speaks English the best. __________________________, he speaks English the … Although / Though she is a housewife, she knows a lot about the law. _____________________________, she knows a lot… Although/ Though he might try, he didn’t pass the exam. ____________________________, he didn’t pass the exam. Youngest as he is in our class Housewife though she is Try as / though he might 熟 读 深 思 规则5 在虚拟语气中,将if 省略， 将had/ were/ should 放在主语 之前，构成部分倒装。 If I were you, I would work hard at English. ____________________, I would work hard at English. If you had come here, you would have met the film star. ___________________, you would have met the film star. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. _______________________, we would not go climbing Were I you Had you come here Should it rain tomorrow 规则6 在 “so…that” 和 “such…that”结构中，将“so＋adj.”和“such”提到句首时，句子须用部分倒装。 She is so lovely a child that we all like her very much. _____________________ that we all like her very much. He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood. _______________________________ that he can always … My anger was such that I lost control of myself. ____________________that I lost… 归 纳 总 结 So lovely a child is she So clearly does he speak English Such was my anger 规则7 示祝愿 May you succeed! May you have a nice trip! 归 纳 总 结 归 纳 总 结 全部倒装： 规则1：表方位的副词　here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首，而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装。但是，当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。 　　 规则2：地点状语　位于句首时，为了避免头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前，进行完全倒装，如：A small garden was in front of the house. In front of the house was a small garden. 规则3：作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语置于句首时，要用“表语+系动词+主语”结构。 Eg: 1.Present at the meeting were some important figures.出席会议的是一些重要人物。 2.Lying on the floor was a boy aged about nine. 一个大约9岁的男孩躺在地板上。 正常语序为： Some important figures were present at the meeting. 正常语序为： A boy aged about nine was lying on the floor. 熟 读 深 思 练一练： 构成：将谓语动词直接提到主语前。 (1) The bus comes here. (2) She came in. (3) A small factory lies south of the river. (4) The facts are such. (5) An ancient tower on the top of the mountain stands there. (6) Mr. Green and many other guests were present at the party . (7) The days are gone when we used the “foreign oil”． 熟 读 深 思 练一练： 构成：将谓语动词直接提到主语前。 (1) Here comes the bus. (2) In she came. (3) South of the river lies a small factory. (4) Such are the facts. (5)There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain. (6)Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests. (7)Gone are the days when we used the “foreign oil”．