动词的持续性

动词的持续性 第 38 天 瞬时动词与持续性动词 [学习要点] 瞬时动词与持续性动词的区别和在句中 的应用。 [家教点窍] 一、瞬时动词示短暂、非连续性的动作;持续性动词表示可持续一 段时间的动作。 二、瞬时动词不能和 for+时间段的状语连用。若句中有此形式的状语，须 把动词改为 持续性动词或表示状态的动词。 三、瞬时动词和 till，until 连用，应用其否 定形式。 四、瞬时动词常用于 since 引导的时间状语从句中。 [典型例题] 例 1 选择填空。 Jack a tor for five years. (A)has become (B)has turned (C)has changed (D)has been 评析 become,turn,change,leave,borrow,buy 等动词都是瞬时动词， 不能和 for+时间 状 语连用，be 可表示主语所处状态。答案选(D) 。 例 2 改错。 Joe told his friends that his father had died for three years. (A) (B) (C) (D) 评析 die 是瞬时动词，不可以 和表时间状语的 for 短语连用，应用可表示其状态的动 词代替，故改(C)为 had been dead。 例 3 汉译英。 昨天晚上母亲等到我回来才睡觉。 评析 睡觉 go to bed 为瞬时动词短语， 表示“等”用 until 引导的时间状语从句。在 此结构中主句动词要用否定式。此句译成: Mother didn’t go to bed until I came back last night. [强化训练] 一、改错。 1.When Tom arrived he learned Mary had left for almost half an hour. (A) (B) (C) (D) 2.When I saw her at the meeting yesterday she put on a new dress. (A) (B) (C) (D) 3.he didn’ t keep running until he heard someone calling him.(持续性动词 +until;not 不持续 性动词+until) (A) (B) (C) (D) 4.—When did you get up this morning (A) (B) —At eight. I have get up for two hours. (C) (D) 5.Can I borrow this book for a moment (A) (B) (C) (D) 6.Last year, he has lived there for three months, but I never met him. (A) (B) (C) (D) 7.It is five years since he is ill. (A) (B) (C) (D) 8.He has left here and I’m sure he has arrived there for two hours. (A) (B) (C) (D) 二、选择填空。 1.His brother the Party for one year. (A)has been in (B)has entered (C)has joined (D)joined 2.The girl three days ago. (A)has been dead (B)died (C)has died (D)was dead China. 3.I have never heard from him ever since he (A)has left (B)lefts (C)leaves (D)left 4.He a cold for two days and he can’t be well. (A)had got (B)has have (C)has had (D)got him and we talked for two hours. 5.Last night, I (A)came to know (B)comes to know (C)have known (D)knew 三、汉译英。 1(这本书他借 了三天了，明天他还你。 2(从你看到他的那天起，他就离开学校了。 3(上周他一直在家， 昨天他开始外出了。 参考答案 一、1((C)had been away 2.(C)wore 3.(A)kept 4.(D)be up(get up 是瞬时 动 作) 5.(B)keep 6.(A)lived(lived 是持续性动词， 可以和 for 时间段联用) 7.(D)was 8.(D)has been 二、1((A) 2.(B) 3.(D) 4.(C) 5.(A) 三、1.He has kept this book for three days. He will return it to you tomorrow. 2.He has been away from this school since you saw her. 3.He was at home all the time last week and he began to go out yesterday. 第 38 天 瞬时动词与持续性动词 [学习要点] 瞬时动词与持续性动词的区别和在句中 的应用。 [家教点窍] 一、瞬时动词表示短暂、非连续性的动作;持续性动词表示可持续一 段时间的动作。 二、瞬时动词不能和 for+时间段的状语连用。若句中有此形式的状语，须 把动词改为 持续性动词或表示状态的动词。 三、瞬时动词和 till，until 连用，应用其否 定形式。 四、瞬时动词常用于 since 引导的时间状语从句中。 [典型例题] 例 1 选择填空。 Jack a tor for five years. (A)has become (B)has turned (C)has changed (D)has been 评析 become,turn,change,leave,borrow,buy 等动词都是瞬时动词， 不能和 for+时间 状 语连用，be 可表示主语所处状态。答案选(D) 。 例 2 改错。 Joe told his friends that his father had died for three years. (A) (B) (C) (D) 评析 die 是瞬时动词，不可以 和表时间状语的 for 短语连用，应用可表示其状态的动 词代替，故改(C)为 had been dead。 例 3 汉译英。 昨天晚上母亲等到我回来才睡觉。 评析 睡觉 go to bed 为瞬时动词短语， 表示“等”用 until 引导的时间状语从句。在 此结构中主句动词要用否定式。此句译成: Mother didn’t go to bed until I came back last night. [强化训练] 一、改错。 1.When Tom arrived he learned Mary had left for almost half an hour. (A) (B) (C) (D) 2.When I saw her at the meeting yesterday she put on a new dress. (A) (B) (C) (D) 3.he didn’ t keep running until he heard someone calling him.(持续性动词 +until;not 不持续 性动词+until) (A) (B) (C) (D) 4.—When did you get up this morning (A) (B) —At eight. I have get up for two hours. (C) (D) 5.Can I borrow this book for a moment (A) (B) (C) (D) 6.Last year, he has lived there for three months, but I never met him. (A) (B) (C) (D) 7.It is five years since he is ill. (A) (B) (C) (D) 8.He has left here and I’m sure he has arrived there for two hours. (A) (B) (C) (D) 二、选择填空。 1.His brother the Party for one year. (A)has been in (B)has entered (C)has joined (D)joined 2.The girl three days ago. (A)has been dead (B)died (C)has died (D)was dead China. 3.I have never heard from him ever since he (A)has left (B)lefts (C)leaves (D)left 4.He a cold for two days and he can’t be well. (A)had got (B)has have (C)has had (D)got him and we talked for two hours. 5.Last night, I (A)came to know (B)comes to know (C)have known (D)knew 三、汉译英。 1(这本书他借 了三天了，明天他还你。 2(从你看到他的那天起，他就离开学校了。 3(上周他一直在家， 昨天他开始外出了。 参考答案 一、1((C)had been away 2.(C)wore 3.(A)kept 4.(D)be up(get up 是瞬时 动 作) 5.(B)keep 6.(A)lived(lived 是持续性动词， 可以和 for 时间段联用) 7.(D)was 8.(D)has been 二、1((A) 2.(B) 3.(D) 4.(C) 5.(A) 三、1.He has kept this book for three days. He will return it to you tomorrow. 2.He has been away from this school since you saw her. 3.He was at home all the time last week and he began to go out yesterday.