中考要点复习

简化宾语从句常用六法 　 在各类考试中，同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法： 　　方法一：当主句谓语动词是 hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise 等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如： 　　Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. → Li Ming hopes to be back very soon. 　　We decided that we would help him. → We decided to help him. 　　方法二：当主句谓语动词是 know， learn， remember， forget， tell 等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如： 　　She has forgotten how she can open the window. → She has forgotten how to open the window. 　　注：当主句谓语动词是 tell， ask， show， teach 等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如： 　　Could you tell me how I can get to the station? → Could you tell me how to get to the station? 　　 　　方法三：当主句的谓语动词是 order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如： 　　The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once. 　　方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如： 　　He insisted that he should go with us. → He insisted on going with us. 　　The poor boy doesn't know when and where he was born. → The poor boy doesn't know the time and the place of his birth. 　　方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语 + V-ing 形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如： 　　Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground. 　　方法六：动词 seem 后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如： 　　It seemed that the boys were going to win. → The boys seemed to win. 　　除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如： 　　I found that it was difficult to learn English well. → I found it difficult to learn English well. 　　Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow. 　　They found that the box was very heavy. → They found the box very heavy.