古代选拔御史有多难

古代选拔御史有多难 The selection of the ancient censor how hard it is _ The Tang Dynasty poet Zhangwei a famous poem "Song Wei Shi Yu went on", the first two sentences are "heavenly monarch books, take the constitution to wind", "tell the court appointed wind constitution officer or censor the difficulties. So, how difficult to censor the ancient selection, so that Zhangwei a feeling? In the Chinese ancient bureaucratic system, officials can be divided into "rule," and "governance of officials", the former governor of the state is a typical representative of the county, and the prefect, governor, the governor is mostly ephor, also is the so-called "rule of officials". "Ming official does not treat people attending" traditional Chinese official history, government officials, has always been to rely heavily on the monarch, and the most typical government officials, is none other than non censor. In ancient society is dedicated to monitoring the post of censor, but instead, this position is gradually evolved from the. China traditionally attaches great importance to history, in the selection, the general need to choose those who have a sense of responsibility, able to uphold the truth and very knowledgeable people as. The spring and Autumn period, this is the mark of bureaucracy on the upgrade, said the chronicle of traditional historians gradually transformed into the supervision of officials for the special duties of the censor. The censor responsibility officials in Chinese picket, with the emphasis on the "harmony" of the ideological environment, can become the primary premise of upright censor candidates. The ancient is advocating the Confucian "the body is, do not order line, the body is not correct, although no" concept, therefore, in the selection of imperial dynasties have special emphasis on "positive" or "straight" character, will serve as the primary condition elected censor. As the Western Han Dynasty beginning yushidafu Shentu Jia, who is upright honest, in order not to suffer the impact of personal relationship, do not adhere to the guests at home. Ming Feng Nanjing Enren censor impeachment petition three dignitaries when counts, caught in prison torture, still insist on impeachment, in Changan after he was escorted to the door, onlookers people praise: "not only is the censor mouth like iron, the knee, the gallbladder, the bone is also iron." Therefore Feng en is called "the four iron censor". In the quality requirements, in order to ensure that the censor can bear responsibility of supervision, the focus of cultural quality requirements in the selection of law especially the censor, and learning, therefore, the method learned become a rigid requirements for the censor. For example, the Western Han Dynasty to "the rat" and the famous Zhang Tang, who was studying law, after being presented to fill Shi Shi, tired officers to yushidafu. Selection of the 800 party in a situation even when the Northern Wei Dynasty censor. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties imperial examinations, with as many scholars or Juren Shi, are directly after the examination was selected as the censor. The Song Dynasty stipulated the hereditary official cannot serve as ministers, the Ming Dynasty imperial examination origin must be required. Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Yong Zheng, the emperor had asked as supervisory officials of the Han people must is the origin, full of people must be familiar with the text recommended by the Manchu as before. One of the important conditions of political experience is the selection of the censor. The censor belongs to the "rule of officials", experience helps to censor the exercise of the right of its monitoring function. From the perspective of history, dynasties all focus on grass-roots officials has a good performance in the selection of imperial officials. The Han Dynasty Royal doctor to select from the provisions of the outstanding performance of the county, the Tang Dynasty, Su asked Xuanzong to censor appointments from the state and county officials have political experience, song Jing, Xiao Zhizhong, Pei Du, Yuan Zhen and other famous censor have served as the magistrate's experience. The Song Dynasty clearly stipulates that the censor must have experience as known, sentence, shall not be used. History is a mirror of reality, the ancient society to censor the selection system, provides a good reference for the charge of the duties of the state supervision judicial supervision and supervision departments. The ancient censor elective conditions tend to be much more stringent than the general officers, This ensures that the overall quality of the censor from the source, provides personnel guarantee for the supervision of normal play.