00-41one,do等的替代用法所有代词、部分副词(如 here,then)和一些助动词都能起代替作用。以下是几个常用的有替代用法的词
1.one /ones
(1)one /ones既可指人又可指物
a.两者只能用来代替可数名词。one用来代替可数名词的单数;ones用来代替可数名词的复数。例
如:
I don't like coloured envelopes.I like white ones.
b.当one前面有修饰语时,常在修饰词前加a/ an。例如:
My question is a difficult one.
c.ones 前...
所有代词、部分副词(如 here,then)和一些助动词都能起代替作用。以下是几个常用的有替代用法的词
1.one /ones
(1)one /ones既可指人又可指物
a.两者只能用来代替可数名词。one用来代替可数名词的单数;ones用来代替可数名词的复数。例
如:
I don't like coloured envelopes.I like white ones.
b.当one前面有修饰语时,常在修饰词前加a/ an。例如:
My question is a difficult one.
c.ones 前面一般都带有修饰语。例如:
Here are the small bags.The large ones are fifty yuan.
d.one /ones 后面经常跟修饰语或定语从句。例如:
Her life was one devoted to the education of students in remote areas.
(2)one /ones在句子中的省略用法
a.如果one前面是形容词的最高级,或者one前面有this、that或another等修饰语时,one常常被
省去。例如:
Of allher questions,it is the most difficult(one).
b.如果ones前面有these或those做修饰语时,ones常常被省去。例如:
These desks are for our class while those(ones)are for theirs.
2.that/those
(1)that用来代替前面已经出现过的可数名词的单数或者不可数名词,并且后面常常跟有修饰 语;that相当于the one,只能用来指物。例如:
The oil output in 1988 was much higher than that of 1986.
(2)those 用来代替前面已经出现过的可数名词的复数,后面一般跟有修饰语;those相当于the
ones,既可指人又可指物。例如:
These machines are better than those we turned out last year.
3.do /do so
(1)do、does 或 did 可以用来代替前面已经出现过的动词或谓语。例如:
Who broke her glasses?
Her little son did(=Her little son broke her glasses).
(2)do so可以用来代替前面已经出现过的动词及其相关的后续成分。例如:
He asked me to buy him a book and I did so.
注意:当do so中的do在句子中为doing时,常常用 so doing。例如:
I wanted to go out for a walk in the park but my son prevented me from so doing.
4.so
(1)有时so在句子中用来代替主语补语或宾语补语。例如:
Prices were reasonably stable,and probably remain so.(=stable,主语补语)
If she is successful,it is her mother who made her so.(=successful,宾语补语)
(2)so可以用做诸如lessso,more so,so much so 等搭配。例如:
The weather is cold in winter here-so much so(= cold)that we have to stay indoors
allday.
(3)so常常用在某些动词后面以代替that所引导的肯定从句。例如:
Do you think Mary will come to our party?I think so.
注意:a.ask 和 know 后面不能用so代替这种肯定从句。
b.如果上面句子的回答是否定的,那么它的否定回答就应该为:
I think not(=that Mary will not come to our party).
(4)在it appears 与 it seems 的句型中也可以用so代替that从句。例如:
He must be our new English teacher.It seems so(=that He is our new English
teacher).
注意:这里,也可以将so放在句首。即:So it appears 和 So it seems。
a.主、谓语有时倒装,有时不倒装。例如:
He can succeed in finishing the task on time.
So think most of his friends.
So most of his friends think.
b.有时用 if so 来代替整个句子。例如:
His girlfriend may be ill.
If so,he will not go to cinema with me tonight.
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