浅析孙悟空、唐僧的形象

浅析孙悟空、唐僧的形象 巫溪电大汉语言文学本科班 罗雅 摘要: 《西游记》是明代中叶问世的一部神魔小说～它写的是唐僧等师徒四众西天求取真经的故事。《西游记》能在中国文学史上经久不衰成为家喻户晓的四大名著之一～不仅在于在思想上它“表现了丰富的社会内容～曲折地反映出明代社会的黑暗～有很明显的现实批判意义。还在于《西游记》在艺术方面塑造了一批最值得称道的孙悟空等艺术形象。从而更加丰富了古典小说的艺术长廊。对于悟空这一形象～长期以来人们形成了一个共同的认识～即认为“孙悟空是全书中最光辉的形象～大闹天宫突出了他热爱自由～勇于反抗的品格。西天取经表彰他见恶必除～除恶必尽的精神。而唐僧是一个理想主义者～他意志坚强～对理想的追求坚定不移～同时又有些迂腐、是非不分～对于唐僧的立场和做法～我们不应苛求～要给予一定的理解。 关键字:孙悟空 唐僧 形象 《西游记》是我国四大古典名著之一～也是中华民族文学史上最伟大的作品之一～它那经久不衰的艺术魅力在世界上极负盛名。不说作品的整体价值～单就其成功塑造的众多的人物形象～已经具备了深刻的借鉴和思考价值。其中～孙悟空机灵敏捷、足智多谋、神通广大、勇于斗争、为民除害、率性而为～桀骜不驯,office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 又是一个蔑视皇权和追求高官的矛盾体,而唐僧则是兼圣僧和凡人形象为一体。一方面表现出意志坚定、仁爱、谦怀,另一方面却呈现骄矜、迂腐、以及是非不明的反面形象。且最让人回味的是其充满矛盾的人格特征:怯懦与勇敢、迂腐与变通、出世与入世、盲目相信与不信任。两者一张扬～一内敛～一个是取经故事的主角～一个是贯穿故事的主要因素。二者虽然形象上天差地别～性格上矛盾摩擦不断～但又有着共同的特点～那就是善良的本性和矛盾的双重人格。 不可否认～孙悟空是《西游记》中最耀眼的一个形象～而唐僧却实在算不上出彩。但是～如果我们仔细推敲～就会发现～无论是孙悟空～还是唐僧～他们的形象都是十分丰富饱满的。孙悟空虽不凡～却也不乏缺点～唐僧则优缺点刻画得并不明显～但人格的复杂性并不逊色于前者。二者从内容和主线上构成了全书不可或缺的人物形象。 孙悟空自称美猴王、齐天大圣～是《西游记》小说塑造最成功、最受欢迎的艺术形象之一。他是花果山上一块仙石化成的～拜须菩提祖师修成了与天同寿的真功夫～会七十二变～一个筋斗能翻越十万八千里。以一根重一万三千五百斤、能大能小随意变化的如意金箍棒为武器～他大闹天宫～打败了十万天兵天将。后被二郎神捉住～投入太上老君的炼丹炉里炼了四十九天～丝毫未受损伤～还炼就了一双火眼金睛～能识破世间一切妖魔鬼怪。玉皇大帝束手无策～只得请出西天如来佛把孙悟空压在五行山下。office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 他叛逆、不愿受拘束、不墨守成规的个性。充沛的生命力、大无畏的精神、笃实的性格和乐观的个性～使得他不怕吃苦～勇於面对挑战。他这一种冒险犯难的精神～充份显现了英雄的特质。但是争强好胜～心高气傲以及性急如火却是他的弱点。 唐僧是西天取经的领导者～是一个虔诚的佛教徒。在佛教传说中～唐僧是一个完美的圣人。但是～吴承恩没有把他写成一个圣僧～而是一个有许多缺点的平常人。书中唐僧最大的弱点是胆小怕事～懦弱无能。取经路上一遇险山恶水～他就面容失色～惊恐万分,遇到妖魔鬼怪～更是跪倒在地～连声叫大王饶命。碰到任何困难他都一筹莫展。连猪八戒也说～师父老大不济事。唐僧的第二个弱点是不明事理～爱听馋言～黑白不分。他经常人妖颠倒～相信妖怪的骗术,又偏听猪八戒搬弄是非～错怪孙悟空,处理事端时他又往往不通情理～多次遭遇妖怪的紧要关头～他都妨碍孙悟空除妖～结果害了自己。尽管唐僧有种种缺点～有时甚至令读者讨厌～但是他具有取经的坚定信念～甘冒万死～决不退却。富贵荣华和美色诱惑都没有作用～甚至当悟空离开了他～妖怪又在面前的情况下～仍然毫不动摇～在取经集体中发挥了中坚作用。 二、 形象分析的目的和意义 孙悟空是《西游记》的中心人物。诸多论者对孙悟空的形象意义解读往往从政治的角度,从人物所产生的时代环境为依据。本文试从生命个体的普遍性上对孙悟空的形象进行解读,通过个性化的手法用孙悟空这个个案,形象地展示出一部人类追求史。书中office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 的种种情节都是人类追求之心路历程的光辉印迹。孙悟空的生命历程可分三个阶段:闹龙宫地府——大闹天宫——护卫唐僧西天取经。 自称"齐天大圣"的孙悟空从"大闹天宫"的失败,到西天取经的成功被封为"斗战胜佛",蕴涵着光辉的生命历程的哲理思考。《西游记》中唐僧是一位为消除人世间的不公、无妄、困苦～普度众生的活菩萨～一位具有大无畏精神的英雄。他就是为消除人世间一切不平等～才去求取真经～用来普度众生。无论路程有多远～路上有什么艰难险阻～路上有什么说不清道不明的诱惑～一心向佛～不达目的誓不罢休。终于感动了佛祖～一路上不仅让神通广大聪明可爱的猴子陪着他～更是害怕其生活枯燥～让活泼可爱有着幽默天赋的猪八戒陪着他～又害怕他们二位靠不住～便又给他一个忠厚老实踏实能干的沙悟净跟着他～再加上佛祖众多门人、弟子的帮衬～保障其此行绝对安全。唐僧一路走～一路为民除害～一路弘扬佛法～度众生于苦难～降妖魔以向善～教化社会大众向善。其社会形象就是一位英雄～为了正义有价值的事业～不惜抛弃舍弃自己的一切～不达到理想誓不罢休的成功者～一个令人肃然起敬的民族英雄～一个成就一番事业需要付出的典范。 三、孙悟空形象分析 ,一,足智多谋、神通广大、勇于斗争和为民除害的英雄形象。 1.孙悟空的足智多谋 office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 孙悟空聪明灵敏～机智过人。在灵台方寸山斜月三星洞拜师学艺～他的悟性远远超出他人。还能猜出老师的暗示～从而学到了长生不老术。在西行取经的途中～他经常变成蚊虫～钻到妖精洞中去探清妖怪底细,或化作妖精的丈夫或妻子计骗妖精,或根据蛛丝马迹推断妖怪来历～依其特点～寻找相应对策～多少次～在唐僧即将被水煮、猪八戒即将被清蒸、沙僧即将被红烧的危急时刻～孙悟空都能想出奇妙的点子～或请诸路神仙等。各种计策层出不穷～足见其智慧过人。 2.孙悟空的神通广大 他师从须菩提～学得十万八千里一翻的筋斗云～会七十二般变化～耍得一万三千五百斤的如意金箍棒。在被玉皇大帝下令处死时～虽“绑在降妖柱上～刀砍斧剁～枪刺剑刳～莫想作伤及其身”～即使火烧雷劈抑或放臵在太上老君的八卦炉内烧七七四十九天～亦不能损其一根寒毛～反而练就一双火眼金睛。大闹天宫时～打得十万天兵天将落花流水～最后只得请如来佛祖亲自将其封印于五指山下。西行取经的过程中～更是斩妖除魔～成为取经路上的实力派代表。 3.孙悟空的勇于斗争 孙悟空的勇于斗争是《西游记》中支撑其光辉形象的一个重要方面。 主要体现在两个方面～一是与天斗～一是与妖魔鬼怪斗～前者代表封建统治阶级～后者代表各种遇到的艰难险阻～亦可是黑暗势力的代表。在大闹天宫的过程中～孙悟空叫玉皇大帝让出office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 天宫～宣称“若还不让～定要搅攘～永不清平:”。虽然～他最终没有能够跳出如来的五指山～但他以自己独特的方式～一泡猴尿～亵渎了神灵的威严。孙悟空的西天取经路也不是一帆风顺的～处处存在着险阻～存在着斗争。他也会遇到生命危险～如在火云洞被红孩儿的三味真火熏得昏厥;在小雷音寺险些被妖怪的宝物闷死,在三打白骨精的过程中～他强忍着紧箍咒的痛楚～硬是把白骨夫人打得形神俱灭,蜈蚣精的千只眼也让他几欲身死。但他从不气馁～从不服输～永远保持着不达目的不罢休的浓浓战意和热情。 4.孙悟空的为民除害 在《西游记》中～为民除害这一行为一直贯穿于孙悟空取经的整个过程。他不仅“专救人间灾害”～“与人间报不平之事”～而且～每次在捉住妖怪首脑之后～总要把小妖消灭干净～除恶务尽～以免除老百姓世代的灾害。火焰山阻住了去路～火患不断～他三借芭蕉扇～熄灭火焰～断绝火根～拯救了一方生民。比丘国的国丈白鹿怪要用一千一百一十一个小孩的心肝为国王做药引子～孙就杀了白鹿怪～救出一千多个小孩～并把妖怪住的华清洞～烧作一个火池子。青龙山玄英洞的犀牛怪～强迫当地人民每年贡出价值四万八千两银子的酥合香油灯～孙请来四大禽星～降服了犀牛怪～为当地人民解除了痛苦。为了除害～他不惜得罪神权势力～如佛祖南无弥勒座前一个司罄童儿～在小雷音寺假佛成精～孙悟空去见佛祖～他当面责问说:“好个笑和尚:走了这童儿～教他诳office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 称佛祖～陷害老孙～未免有个家法不谨之过” ,二,率性而为、桀骜不驯的自由个性形象 文中有云“那座山正当顶上～有一块仙石。盖自开辟以来～每受天真地秀～日月精华～感之既久～遂有通灵之意。内育仙胞～一日迸裂～产一石卵～似圆球样大。因见风～化作石猴。五官具备～四肢皆全。便就学爬学走～拜了四方。目运两道金光～射冲斗府。” 可见～孙悟空乃聚天地灵气孕育而生～无父无母～更别说生活礼仪之道了。一切都靠自己摸索～保持了天然的习气。这些先天的原因很大程度上早就了他性格中的率性而为的特点。他的很多行为都不是带着某些目的的～如他让花果山的猴子们“逐日操演武艺”～绝不是为了闹天宫做准备的～只是一种“作耍”的游戏,他大闹龙宫～只为取一件称心如意的兵器,他大闹地府～只是向阎王讨回自己被剥夺的自由,他偷吃蟠桃也只是因为看到“老树枝头～桃熟大半。”～想要尝个鲜～乃猴子的天性～都不是有意向神界发难的。然而～孙的率性而为的个性终是与神权的规则秩序对立的～因此～他只能斗～这并非野心使然。 ,三,蔑视皇权和追求高官的矛盾体 书中特别是西天取经之前～曾数十次描述了孙悟空的蔑视皇权。如太白金星请孙悟空去天宫～面对玉帝～太白金星一见就“朝上礼拜”～而孙悟空却“挺身在旁～且不朝礼.”玉帝问:“那个是妖仙?”孙悟空道:“老孙便是:”。第二次见玉帝时～也还是不跪拜“亦只朝上唱个喏～道声谢恩”。天宫中星相群神的森严等级～office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 他一概都不承认～而是“不论高低”“俱以弟兄相待”。他对乌鸡国的国王说:“我老孙若肯做皇帝～天下九国九州皇帝都做遍了。” 然而～他又自封美猴王～自称是齐天大圣～太白金星请他去天上做官～他也答应了。在任职御马监时～“昼夜不是睡～滋养马匹”“日间舞弄犹可～夜间看管殷勤”～把天马养得“肉满膘肥”～然～待他得知弼马温只是一个小的不能再小的官时～他不干了。由此可见～他或多或少也受到了现实社会的一些影响。 孙悟空给我们留下了深深的烙印～成为我们经常评议的话题。它让我们看见了一个英雄成长的过程～从无知和率性到施善于天下～从为自身喜好而行为到为造福万民而取经～孙悟空从懵懂的孩童最终成长为天下人都喜欢的英雄。 四、唐僧形象分析 ,一,意志坚定、仁爱谦怀的圣僧形象 1.唐僧的坚毅形象 如果把唐僧作为一个英雄来写～《西游记》中的唐僧无疑是不成功的～他的迂腐和懦弱都是无法让人忽视的。不过～他也有自己的优点～比如～意志坚定。唐僧的坚定是取经路能够走完～并最终成功取得真经的先决条件～没有这一条件～取经队伍就会解散～行程会耽搁～甚至放弃。从唐僧怀着西天取经的崇高理想至大唐出发～途经多少艰难险阻～路遇多少妖魔鬼怪～但是～每次九死一生后～他仍然选择往西去。二十六回的五庄观留友～四十八会的陈家庄待客～八十七回的风仙郡宴酬～九十六回的寇员外office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 斋赠～对于长期过着风餐露宿生活的唐僧师徒来说～实是难得的舒适～但这无一能阻挡唐僧西去的脚步。 2.唐僧的仁爱与谦怀 虽然我们可以从《西游记》中不止一次的看到唐僧与孙悟空发生冲突时～采用严惩的手段。但是～不可否认～唐僧在其他时间～对孙悟空等徒弟三人以及他人是很仁爱的。如在孙刚从五指山下出来时～身无寸缕～唐僧把自己的白布小衣给他穿～后又挑灯为他缝制了一件虎皮裙。观音命唐僧以紧箍咒收服孙～唐僧虽然听命～但见悟空十分痛苦的模样～“又不忍不舍～复住了口”。比丘国的国王要吃小孩心肝～他滴泪大骂“昏君”。就算路遇不明人士～虽不知其底细～他也拗不过良知～毫不犹豫地相救。孙悟空说:“师父要善将起来～就没药医”。陈不仅怀有一颗仁爱之心～还身具谦怀之德。如当观音幻化成疥瘌僧拍台高叫大乘教法事～唐僧竟然翻身跳下台来～对菩萨起手。与寻常樵子道别～他翻身下马。同弱冠少年相见～他也不托大。可见～唐僧的迂腐和不明是非的行为很多都是由于其仁爱与谦怀的本性使然。 ,二,骄矜、迂腐和是非不明的凡人形象 在三打白骨精一文中～唐僧肚中饥～要孙悟空化些斋吃。孙悟空推说附近无人家。唐僧心中不快～口里骂道:“你这猴子:想你在两界山～被如来压在石匣之内～口能言～足不能行,也亏我救你性命～摩顶受戒～做了我的徒弟。怎么不肯努力～常怀懒惰之心:” 又说:“你既殷勤～何不化斋我吃～我肚饥怎行,况此地office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 山岚瘴气～怎么得上雷音,”孙悟空只得赔小心说: “师父休怪～少要言语。我知你尊性高傲～十分违慢了你～便要念那话儿咒。” 可见～唐僧受封建等级思想的影响～有时候是十分骄矜的。唐僧的另一大缺点是迂腐和不辨是非～如只因人生果状似“三岁未满的孩童”～唐僧坚持不肯吃,路遇山民～“一律不加分辨～无原则地给予同情”～“遇到大小神佛～他一概顶礼膜拜～不问真假,朝见各国君王～他统统山呼万岁～无论贤否”,多次轻信妖言～误会孙悟空～甚至因为错把妖怪当好人而驱逐悟空,固执的认为悟空“杀死多人～坏了多少生命～伤了天地多少和气”～“凶恶太甚～不是个取经之人”～赶走悟空。 ,三,充满矛盾的人格特征 1.怯懦与勇敢 书中有段描述唐僧遇到妖怪的话～“坐个雕鞍不稳～扑的跌下马来～挣挫不动～打了一倒退～遍体酥麻～两腿酸软” ～更有“两泪交流”等不堪的形容～足见其怯懦。然而～他也是勇敢的～在明知西天取经的道路上会遇到并且已经遇到很多的艰险的情况下～他从来没有打退堂鼓～无论是尸魔鬼王～还是妖精以及自然险阻～都不能打退唐僧西天取经的决心。正如书中所述～虽位妖怪所擒～“眼中流泪”～心中仍期盼“早赴灵山”。 2.迂腐与变通 关于迂腐前面已提～不赘述。如果仔细观察～我们可以发现～很多时候～唐僧也是会变通的。如有一回～唐僧路遇劫匪～推说office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 银子在后面徒弟身上,还有在第五十五回和第八十二回中～明知对方为妖～硬是虚与委蛇～甚至敬酒献桃。唐僧虽是作风严谨～但在春光明媚的路上～在佳节之夜～他也会兴致忽致～心情畅快～前往游玩。这与“出家人不打诳语”、“四大皆空”的佛家言论是不符的。 3.出世与入世 一般佛教徒都秉承出世之旨～断绝七情六欲～远离钱财女色～摈弃盗诳之心。唐僧作为一名虔诚的僧人～严格按佛教教义来要求自己～不取民分文～对每一个生命慈悲宽恕～能抵制美色的诱惑～每日斋戒～深悟佛理。这是他出世的一面～然而～生于凡间～他无可避免地要受到凡尘俗世的影响～于是他又有了入世的一面。如第二十四回～他投宿民家～与王姓老人讲谈家事～言笑晏晏,在女儿国～面对女儿国美丽的女王～他“羞答答不敢抬头”、“战兢兢立站不住”～可见他虽最终抵制住了诱惑～但心念却是动摇了的。他也会受封建等级观念的左右～承认“物有几等～人有几等”～这跟“众生平等”的观点是背道而驰的。 4.盲目相信与不信任 唐僧的盲目相信源于对神灵的高度虔诚～和对劳苦人民的仁爱之心。本着绝不错过一个神佛一个寺庙的参拜～不伤害一个生灵的佛心～见佛拜佛～见庙参庙～见民礼遇～却做了许多荒唐的事情～这本无可多去指责什么。然而～为什么这个角色受到这么多人的不喜呢,那就要看他的另一面了～即对最具实力也最值得office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 信任的人—孙悟空的不信任。书中有十数次提到唐僧对孙悟空的误会～猪八戒这个人～只知挑拨离间～贪吃贪睡～能力一般～亦无明辨妖魔的本事～然而～唐僧信任他胜过于信任孙悟空。在轻信与不信任之间～虽然唐僧在不断的遇险与获救的过程中作出正确的调整～但～似乎做得还不够。 虽然唐憎的形象没能与孙悟空形象描写得魅力十足～他是取经故事中的关键人物。他是取经活动的领导者是一个不甘万死也要前往西天取得真经的虔诚的理想主义者。他向唐太宗保证说:“我这一去～定要捐躯努力～直到西天～如不到西天～不得真经～即死也不敢回国～永堕沉沦地狱。其实在取经途中～他的苦难最大最多～一是因为其他几个人马都是神仙～有各种神通～只有他一个是肉体凡胎。二是所有的妖魔鬼怪都是冲着他那一身吃后可以长生不老的肉来的。但他坚持十四年～初衷不改～富有献身主义精神。同时～他又严持戒律～目不视恶声～耳不听淫声～心不起邪念～把那美貌娇容视为粪土～把金珠宝贝看作灰尘。是一个名符其实的圣僧。甚至连妖魔也知道他是个“十世修行的好人”。 在取经集体中～他的核心作用是不可忽视的。认为他无足轻重的说法不符合作品的实际。他使三个出身于妖怪的徒弟不断的克服离心倾向～用坚定的信念鼓舞他们～终于完成了取经壮举。这一点连沙僧都看得很清楚～“世上只有唐僧取经～自来没有个孙行者取经之说。”孙悟空自己也对猪八戒说:“我和你只做得个拥护～保得他身在命在～替不得这些苦恼～也取不得经来。就是有能先office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage 去见了佛～那佛也不肯把经善与你我。” 这都是强调唐僧在这个集体中无人可以取代的地位和作用。 五、结论 总而言之～《西游记》向人们展示了一个绚丽多彩的神魔世界～人们无不在作者丰富而大胆的艺术想象面前惊叹不已。 通过《西游记》中虚幻的神魔世界～我们处处可以看到现实社会的投影。 且《西游记》在艺术上取得的成就是十分惊人的～孙悟空、唐僧这两个形象～以其鲜明的个性特征～在中国文学史上立起了一座不朽的艺术丰碑。 ,参考文献, ,1,《西游记》 1955 人民文学出版社 吴承恩 ,2,《孙悟空形象分析中的几个问题》 严云受 安徽师大学报 1979(2期 ,3,《论孙悟空形象的来历,上,——〈西游记〉和印度文学比较研究之一》～赵国华～《南亚研究》～1986年第1期,《论孙悟空形象的来历,下,——〈西游记〉和印度文学比较研究之一》～赵国华～《南亚研究》～1986年第2期。 ,4,《西游记》人物形象分析 王一平 中华语文网2007年1月19日 ,5,《大唐西域记》 1977年,上海人民出版社 office, branch offices (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management sector through supervision and inspection found problems, should be assigned the investigators are corrected in a timely manner. 27th the fifth chapter penalty under any of the following acts, then the relevant provisions to punish the investigators, according to the Bank. To constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility: (A) on the business that are not involved in the investigation, issued a survey. (B) customer credit information are not thorough verification. (Iii) to participate in credit customer survey is not in place, customers and data is incomplete, untrue; he knows bear a counterfeited clients issuing credit. (D) does not provide for due diligence of credit business, pre-loan investigation form, concealing facts or providing false information or should be found in a normal investigation failed to discover the risk factors, lead to the review and approval policy errors, loan risk. (Five) on loan guarantees of survey not in place, not by provides on arrived, and pledge real for field verification, and assessment, and identification and registration, not according to provides on guarantor of guarantees qualification and guarantees capacity for survey verified, led to guarantees loan lost authenticity, and legitimacy, and effectiveness of; cycle loan business in the of mortgage