降血脂药物（Hypolipidemic drugs）

降血脂药物（Hypolipidemic drugs） 降血脂药物(Hypolipidemic drugs) Hyperlipidemia is the basis of atherosclerosis, and atherosclerosis is the main pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, dyslipidemia should be treated actively. Clinically, the drugs used for regulating blood lipids mainly have the following categories: "Drugs that primarily lower cholesterol and LDL." 1. statins: This is a highly recommended drug in recent years, including simvastatin, atorvastatin, lovastatin and so on. 2. bile acid binding resin: mainly includes the test of oral amines and substituted amines. 3. acyl coenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor: methylene amide. "Drugs that primarily reduce triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein." 1. class Xi: for patients with elevated triglycerides, the main use of these drugs, including gefitinib, Betsey, fenofibrate, benzene, and so on. 2. niacin: including niacin and acipimox. "A drug that reduces lipoproteins." Nicotinic acid, nicotinic acid, amyl alcohol four, Asai Moji, neomycin and doxazosin. Side effect statins Is currently used to reduce the drug of choice for serum total cholesterol, increased in the treatment of simple serum total cholesterol level, is also used to increase the serum total cholesterol levels, and serum triglyceride levels with three slightly increased. These drugs include lovastatin (MEVACOR) and simvastatin (Shu Jiangzhi), pravastatin (Pravachol), fluvastatin (Lescol), atorvastatin (Lipitor) and cerivastatin (lipobay) etc.. Such as long-term use can have abdominal distension, diarrhea, constipation, insomnia, headache, rash, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (seen in the face, chest, acral diffuse ecchymosis, with reduced platelet counts). In addition, there are depression, paresthesia, and more frequently occurring on the face, scalp, tongue and limbs, which show numbness, burning sensation, skin allergy or pain. And can cause peeling, serum transaminase elevation. The most serious adverse reaction was rhabdomyolysis, characterized by myasthenia gravis, myalgia, no urine, and elevated serum creatine kinase levels, with an incidence of about 1 per thousand. Myopathy can be reversed if the drug is found to be discontinued immediately without causing renal failure. Statin drugs such as cyclosporine, erythromycin, clarithromycin, nefazodone, antifungal drugs, protease inhibitors, Bate drugs, drugs combined use of niacin, the dissolving muscle may increase, therefore, should be noted. In addition, the statins, although the dose was only micrograms of cerivastatin, but if a fibrate combination will cause rhabdomyolysis caused serious adverse events of death. Therefore, some countries and countries in the world have stopped using them, and these statins are forbidden to those who have serious liver function impairment or have allergies to this product. Pregnant women, lactating women and women of childbearing age are used with caution. Bate drugs Is currently the first choice for the treatment of serum three acyl glycerol levels increased. It is also used to treat patients with elevated levels of serum three triacylglycerol and with slightly elevated levels of serum total cholesterol. These drugs include fenofibrate (Li Pingzhi), bezafibrate (bezalip) and gemifibrozil (Nuo Heng). Side effects of long-term use may appear to have gastrointestinal reactions, gallstones, increased granulocyte increased, rash, myositis, ventricular arrhythmia, weight gain, mild anemia, elevated serum aminotransferase and high blood sugar. It is forbidden to the original liver and kidney dysfunction, pregnant women and lactating women. Niacin It is mainly used for the treatment of simple serum three acyl glycerol higher level. Can also be used for treatment of serum three diacylglycerol levels increased mainly, and accompanied by a slight increase in serum total cholesterol levels. These drugs include nicotinic acid, inositol nicotinate, acipimox (Le Zhiping), large doses can cause gastrointestinal reactions, while the drugs have expansion of small blood vessels, therefore, patients prone to facial flushing, skin itching and other symptoms, Some patients can also suffer from gastritis, gastric ulcer and atrial arrhythmia, increased serum uric acid levels and other adverse reactions. Therefore, the original ulcer, gout, liver dysfunction and pregnant women disabled. Cholic acid chelating agents The utility model is suitable for treating patients with simple serum total cholesterol level increasing. These drugs include beta - amine (BU Fang), take an examination of the park (reduce bile Ning) and reduce cholesterol meglumine (lipid-lowering 3 resin) and so on. After taking, prone to abdominal distension, diarrhea (fat dysentery), anorexia, vitamin A, D, K and other lack of abdominal pain or intestinal obstruction and other symptoms, mainly due to a large number of resin drugs caused by taking. Because of its high gastrointestinal reaction, it has not been widely used in china. Probucol (Bing Dingfen) Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloating are the common side effects in patients with elevated serum total cholesterol levels. There have been reports of electrocardiographic abnormalities, arrhythmias, and the adverse effects of lowering serum HDL cholesterol levels. The side effects of lipid-lowering drugs are various, therefore, when you are taking lipid-lowering drugs, to observe closely, especially the emphasis on liver function damage and muscle disease, so that timely detection and timely treatment.