2011年高考天津、福建、山东、四川、海南、江苏、全国等七份生物试题及答案

2011年高考天津、福建、山东、四川、海南、江苏、全国等七份生物试题及答案 2011年高考天津生物试题、答案及解析 1(下列有关酶的叙述正确的是 A(酶的基本组成单位是氨基酸和脱氧核糖核苷酸 B(酶通过为反应物供能和降低活化能来提高化学反应速率 C(在动物细胞培养中，胰蛋白酶可将组织分散成单个细胞 D(DNA连接酶可连接DNA双链的氢键，使双链延伸 2(将紫色洋葱鳞片叶表皮浸润在0.3g/ml的蔗糖溶液中，1分钟后进行显微观察，结果见右图。下列叙述错误的是 A(图中L是细胞壁，M是液泡，N是细胞质 B(将视野中的细胞浸润在清水中，原生质会逐渐复原 C(实验细胞膜与细胞壁在物质透过性存在显著差异 D(洋葱根尖分生区细胞不宜作为该实验的实验材料 3(下列叙述正确的是 A(胚胎发育过程中不存在细胞衰老或凋亡的现象 B(用小鼠不同器官和组织构建的cDNA文库相同 C.垂体功能受损的幼犬会出现抗寒能力减弱等现象 D(刺激支配肌肉的神经，引起该肌肉收缩的过程属于反射 4.玉米花药培养的单倍体幼苗，经秋水仙素处理后形成倍体植株，下图是该过程中某时段细胞核DNA含量变化示意图。下列叙述错误的是: A.a-b过程中细胞不会发生基因变化 B.c-d过程中细胞内发生了染色体数加倍 accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan C.c点后细胞内各染色体组的基因组成相同 D.f-g过程中同源染色体分离，染色体数减半 5.土壤农杆菌能将自身Ti的质粒的T-DNA整合到植物染色体DNA上，诱发植物形成肿瘤。T-DNA中含有植物生长素合成酶基因(S)和细胞分裂素合成酶基因(R),它们的表达与否能影响相应植物激素的含量，进而调节肿瘤组织的生长与分化。 据图分析，下列叙述错误的是 A( 当细胞分裂素与生长素的比值升高时，诱发肿瘤生芽 B( 清楚肿瘤中的土壤农杆菌后，肿瘤不再生长与分化 C( 图中肿瘤组织可在不含细胞分裂与生长的培养基izhong生长 D( 基因通过控制酶的合成控制代谢，进而控制肿瘤组织生长与分化 6、某致病基因h位于X染色体上，该基因和正常基因H中的某一特定序列BclI酶切后，可产生大小不同的片段(如图1，bp表示碱基对)，据此可进行基因诊断。图2为某家庭病的遗传系谱。 -ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering- 2 - A h基因特定序列中Bcl 1酶切位点的小事是碱基序列改变的结果 B II-1的基因诊断中只出现142bp片段，其致病基因来自母亲 HhC II-2的基因诊断中出现142bp，99bp和43bp三个片段，其基因型为XX D II-3的丈夫表现型正常，其儿子的基因诊断中出现142bp片段的概率为1/2. 7((16分)乳腺上皮细胞合成乳汁所需的营养物质由血液供给。下为牛乳腺上皮细胞合成与分泌乳汁的示意图，下表为牛乳汁和血液的部分成分比较。 + (1)乳汁上皮细胞所处的内环境是_____________，其中的K可通过_________方式转运到乳腺上皮细胞。 -92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708- 3 - (2)与血浆相比，乳汁中特有的成分是___________________。 (3)乳脂的主要成分是甘油三酯，合成甘油三酯的细胞器是______________________。 (4)合成乳糖是葡萄糖主要来自血浆，还可利用表中血浆的______________________转化而来。 (5)图表中，不能在乳腺上皮细胞中合成的生物大分子是___________________，在牛乳房出现炎症时，该物质在血浆和乳汁中的含量会__________，该物质的作用是_________________________________。 8.(14分)絮凝性细菌分泌的具有絮凝活性的高分子化合物，能与石油污水中的悬浮颗粒和有机物等形成絮状沉淀，起到净化污水的作用。为进一步提高对石油污水的净化效果，将絮凝性细菌和石油降解菌融合，构建目的菌株。其流程图如下。 据图回答: (1)溶菌酶的作用是_________________________。 (2)PEG的作用是_________________________。 (3)经处理后，在再生培养基上，未融合的A、B难以生长。图中AB融合菌能生长和繁殖的原因是____________________________________________________________________。 (4)目的菌株的筛选:筛选既能分泌具有絮凝活性的化合物，又能在含有_________________的培养基上生长的AB融合菌，选择效果最好的最为目的菌株。 (5)为探究目的菌株不同发酵时间发酵液的絮凝效果，将目的菌株进行发酵培养，定时取发酵液，加入石油污水中:同时设置_____________________________为对照组。经搅拌、静置各3分钟后，分别测定上层水样的石油浓度COD值(COD值越高表示有机物污染程度越高),计算石油去除率和COD去除率，结果如下图。 (6)目的菌的种群增长曲线是_____________型。在40,44小时，发酵液对石油污水的净化效果最好，其原因是________________________________________________________。 9。(14分)放牧强度可影响人工草地的物质循环和能量流动。图1是亚热带某人工草地在不同放牧强度 为不放牧，G-G为放牧下牧草净光合产量(净光合产量=光合作用合成量—呼吸作用消耗量)的变化图，G013强度逐渐增强。 -GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236- 4 - 据图回答: (1)5-10月份的最适放牧强度是______(从G-G中选填)，______月份可被初级消费者利用的总能量最O3 多。 (2)与放牧草地相比，8月份不放牧草地净光合产量明显偏低的原因有___________(多选)。 A.过多枝叶对下层植物有遮光作用 B.植株衰老组织较多 C.缺少动物粪尿的施肥作用 D.草地生态系统的物质循环加快 (3)据图?分析，为使牧草净光合产量维持在最高水平，4,10月份需要采取的放牧措施是____________ ___________________________________________。 (4)牧草的光合作用强度可用单位时间和面积的__________________________________来表示。 3232 (5)在牧草上喷P标记的磷肥，检测P在初级和次级消费者中的放射强度，结果见图2.其中A消费者 处于第__________营养级。 32 (6)在生态系统的生物成分中，生产者体内的P除被消费者利用外，还有部分进入_________________. 答案: Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-- 5 - 1-6 CACDBD 7((16分) (1)组织液 主动运输 (2)乳糖、醅蛋白 (3)内质网 (4)氨基酸、甘油三酯 (5)免疫球蛋白 增加 与相应抗原特异性结合，发挥体液免疫功能 8((14分) (1)分解细胞壁 (2)诱导原生质体融合 (3)两亲本失活部位不同，融合后活性部位互补 (4)石油 (5)不加发酵液的石油污水 (6)S 此期间，目的菌及产生的絮凝活性高分子化合物的含量高 9((14分) 6 (1)G2 (2)A、B、C (3)4月份不放牧，5~10月份放牧强度保持在G 水平 2 (4)有机物生成量(C 0的消耗量或O生成量) 2 2 (5)二 (6)分解者 2011四川生物试题、答案及解析 一、选择题(本题共13小题，每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有 一项是符合题目要求的) 1.下列关于微生物生长曲线的叙述，不正确的是 A.在相同培养条件下接种对数期的菌种，调整期将缩短 B.进入对数期的微生物代谢旺盛，形态和生理特性比较稳定 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-- 6 - C.进入稳定期后不再产生新细胞，活细胞数目维持相对恒定 D.进入衰亡期后部分细胞解体，可释放出抗生素等代谢产物 答案:C 解析:进入对数期的微生物代谢旺盛，形态和生理特性比较稳定，作菌种或科研材料;进入稳定期后，微生物仍会产生新细胞，这时出生率等于死亡率，活细胞数目保持相对稳定，因此C错。 ((( 2.下列有关生物膜结构和功能的描述，不正确的是 A.植物原生质体的融合依赖于细胞膜的流动性 B.合成固醇类激素的分泌细胞的内质网一般不发达 C.分泌蛋白的修饰加工由内质网和高尔基体共同完成 D.生物膜之间可通过具膜小泡的转移实现膜成分的更新 答案:B 解析:植物原生质体的融合依赖于细胞膜的一定的流动性;分泌蛋白的修饰加工由内质网和高尔基体共同完成;内质网与蛋白质、脂质、糖类的合成有关，因此合成固醇类激素的细胞内质网也发达。因此B错。 3.下列关于人在剧烈运动时生理变化过程的描述，正确的是 A.大量失钠，对细胞外液渗透压的影响大于细胞内液 B.大量乳酸进入血液，血浆由弱碱性为弱酸性 C.胰高血糖素分泌量上升，促进肝糖元和肌糖元分解 D.血液中O含量下降，刺激了呼吸中枢促进呼吸运动 2 答案:A 解析:钠对细胞外液渗透压的维持具有重要作用，钾对细胞内液渗透压维持有重要作用，因此大量失钠对细胞外液渗透压的影响大于细胞内液，A正确。血液中有缓冲物质，血浆PH值保持相对稳定，因此不会变为弱酸性，B错。胰高血糖素不能促进肌糖元分解，C错。剧烈运动时，血液中CO增加，刺激了呼吸中枢导致呼吸加强，D错。 2 4.右图表示油菜种子在成熟过程中种子质量和有机物相对含量的变化趋势，下列 ((( 相关叙述不正确的是 A.大量糖类输入并参与代谢，导致种子质量不断增加 B.细胞代谢利用大量糖类，导致淀粉含量降低 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-- 7 - C.糖类不断转化为脂质，导致脂质含量持续增加 D.糖类不转化为蛋白质，导致含氮物质含量不变 答案:D 解析:蛋白质是细胞结构成分，糖类可以转化为蛋白质。含氮物质含量不变，但由于种子干重增加，因此蛋白质总量实际在增加，因此糖类在转化为蛋白质。 5.北极比目鱼中有抗冻基因，其编号的抗冻蛋白具有11个氨基酸的重复序列，该序列重复次数越多，抗冻能力越多，越强，下图是获取转基因抗冻番茄植株的过程示意图，有关叙述正确的是 A过程?获取的目的基因，可用于基因工程和比基因组测序 B多个抗冻基因编码去依次相连成能表达的新基因，不能得到抗冻性增强的抗冻蛋白， C过程?构成的重组质粒缺乏标记基因，需要转入农杆菌才能进行筛选 D应用DNA探针技术，可以检测转基因抗冻番茄植株中目的基因的存在及其完全表达 答案:B 2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-- 8 - 解析:过程1获得的目的基因已不含非编码区和内含子，因此不能用于比目鱼基因组测序，因此A错。导入农杆菌是为了扩增和更易导入蕃茄细胞，C错。DNA探针技术不能检测基因是否完全表达，目的基因的完全表达应该检测表达产物蛋白质，D错。 30(21分)回答下列I、II小题。 I.(9分)有人通过实验探究某海藻饿最佳培养条件，以获得最大生物量(注:生物量指单位体积的藻体干重)。 (1)在有光条件下培养海藻时，培养液中必须含有__________,还需定时向培养液中通入空气，目的是提供 。海藻光合速率随着向光照强度的变化曲线如下图，图中B点表示最佳的________培养条件。 (2)该海藻的无光条件下仍能生长，但需在培养液中添加葡萄糖等有机物，目的是提供____________。 (3)向培养液中添加葡萄糖配成不同浓度的培养液，在一定光照条件下培养该海藻，测定海藻的生物量如下表: 要确定培养海藻的最佳葡萄糖浓度，还需设计_____________的实验。 (4综合上述实验，获得该海藻最大生物量的培养条件是____________。 II、(12分)下图为反射弧中神经—肌肉接头的结构及其生理变化示意图。 2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-- 9 - (1)发生反射时，神经中枢产生的兴奋沿___________神经传到突触前膜，导致突触小泡与前膜________________，释放神经递质(Ach);Ach与Ach受体结合后，肌膜发生__________，引起肌肉收缩。 (2)重症肌无力是自身免疫病，其病因是患者免疫系统把Ach受体当作抗原，使___________被激活而增殖、分化、产生Ach受体抗体。Ach受体抗体与Ach受体特异性结合，造成Ach不能与Ach受体正常结合，导致_______________信号转换过程受阻。 (3)临床上治疗重症肌无力的重度患者，可采用胸腺切除法，目的是抑制_________发育成T细胞，不能产生淋巴因子，从而抑制___________免疫的应答。 I 答案:(1)各种必需矿质元素(1分) CO (1分) 光照(1分) 2 (2)碳源和能源(2分) (3)在0.2---0.6g/L之间更细分的浓度梯度 (2分) (4)适宜光照，添加适宜浓度的葡萄糖 (2分) 解析:(1)海藻是植物，因此培养时必需在培养液中加入各种必需矿质元素。通入空气，目的是提供光合作用所需CO。B点光照强度生物量最大。 2 (2)无光条件下海藻不能进行光合作用，因此必需提供有机物作C源、能量来源。 (3)要确定培 养海藻的最佳葡萄糖浓度，还需在0.2---0.6g/L之间更细分的浓度梯度。 (4)、根据图，获得该海藻最大生物量需光照强度适宜，据表格知需添加适宜浓度葡萄糖 II 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-- 10 - 答案:(1)传出(1分) 融合(2分) 电位变化(2分) (2)B细胞 (1分) 化学信号向电(2分) (3)造血干细胞(2分) 体液(2分) 解析:(1)神经中枢产生的兴奋沿传出神经传出，导致突触小泡与突触前膜融合，从而释放递质。通过图，看出递质引起肌膜电位变化，从而发生肌肉收缩。 (2)抗体是由效应B细胞产生的，因此使B细胞被激活而增殖。突触释放递质，导致肌膜电位变化，因此是化学信号?电信号转换过程受阻。 (3)造血干细胞在胸腺处生成T细胞。根据题2 可知是抑制体液免疫应答。 31((21分)回答下列?、?两小题。 I.(7分)图A为小岛生态系统食物网简图。有人向小岛引入一定数量的卷尾鬣蜥(主要以沙氏变色蜥和较大的地面节肢动物为食)，跟踪调查该生态系统及其对照组的变化，发现沙氏变色蜥和网蜘蛛的数量变化较大(见图B)，而其它生物数量变化相对较小。请回答下列问题: (1)沙氏变色蜥处于第_____________营养级，其与卷尾鬣蜥的种间关系是____________。 (2)引入卷尾鬣蜥后，沙氏变色蜥的变要活动范围从树基部向上转移，而网蜘蛛的织网位置略有下降，此现象表明生态因素的改变，可使生物群落的___________发生改变。 (3)引入卷尾鬣蜥后，网蜘蛛的数量变化趋势是________。结合其它生物的数量变化信息可以看出，小岛生态系统的结构和功能能够保持相对稳定，表明生态系统内部具有_______能力。 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -- 11 - II((14分)小麦的染色体数为42条。下图表示小麦的三个纯种品系的部分染色体及基因组成:I、II表示染色体，A为矮杆基因，B为抗矮黄病基因，E为抗条斑病基因，均为显性。乙品系和丙品系由普通小麦与近缘种偃麦草杂交后，经多代选育而来(图中黑色部分是来自偃麦草的染色体片段) (1)乙、丙系在培育过程中发生了染色体的 变异。该现象如在自然条件下发生，可为 提供原材料。 (2)甲和乙杂交所得到的F自交，所有染色体正常联会，则基因A与a可随 的分开而分离。F自交所得F中有 种基因型， 其中仅表现抗矮黄病的基因型有 种。 (3)甲和丙杂交所得到的F自交，减数分裂中?与?因差异较大不能正常配甲丙 对，而其它染色体正常配对，可观察到 个四分体;该减数分裂正常完成，可生产 种基因型的配子，配子中最多含有 条染色体。 (4)让(2)中F与(3)中F杂交，若各种配子的形成机会和可育性相等，产 生的种子均发育正常，则后代植株同时表现三种性状的几率 为 。 I 答案:(1)三或第四(1分) 竞争和捕食(1分) (2)垂直结构(1分) (3)先增加，后减少，最终达到平衡。(2分) 一定的自动调节(2分) 解析:(1)据食物网，沙氏变色蜥处于第三、第四营养级。卷尾鬣蜥捕食沙氏变色蜥，同时卷尾鬣蜥与沙氏变色蜥都捕食较大的地面节肢动物，因此二者是捕食与竞争关系。 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-- 12 - (2)沙氏变色蜥向上、网蜘蛛活动区域下降，说明群落垂直结构变化了。 (3)由坐标图可知，有卷尾鬣蜥跟无卷尾鬣蜥比较，网蜘蛛数量先增多，后减少。生态系统的结构和功能保持相对稳定，说明生态系统具有一定的自动调节能力。 II 答案:(1)结构 (1分) 生物进化(1分) (2)同源染色体(1分) 9(2分) 2(2分) (3) 20 (1分) 4(2分) 22(2分) (4)3/16 (2分) 解析:(1)观察图可知乙丙品系发生了染色休结构变异，变异能为生物进化提供原材料。 (2)基因A、a是位于同源染色体上的等位基因，因此随同源染色体的分开而分离。甲植株无Bb基因，基因型可表示为:AA00，乙植株基因型为aaBB，杂交所得F基因型为AaB0，可看作AaBb思考，因此所F基因型有9种，仅表现12 抗矮黄病的基因型有2种:aaBB aaB。 (3)小麦含有42条染色体，除去不能配对的两条，还有40条能两两配对，因此可观察到20个四分体。由于I与I 不能配对，因此在减数第一次甲丙 分裂时，I与I 可能分开，可能不分开，最后的配子中:可能含I 、可甲丙甲能含I 、可能都含、可能都不含，因此能产生四种基因型的配子。最多含有丙 22条染色体。 (4) (2)中F1的基因型:Aa B,(3)中F1基因型可看成:A aE , 考虑B基因后代出现抗矮黄病性状的几率为1/2,考虑A和E，后代出现矮杆、抗条斑病性状的概率为3/8，因此同时出现三种性状的概率为3/16。 2000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709- 13 - 2011年山东高考生物试题 第?卷 一、选择题 1.下列与激素作用无关的实例是 A.草莓果实自然发育成熟 B.人舌尖触到蔗糖时感觉甜 C.自然生长的雪松树冠呈塔形 D.饥饿时人体血糖仍维持正常水平 2(下列发生了细胞分化且能体现体细胞全能性的生物学过程是 A(玉米种子萌发长成新植株 B(小鼠骨髓造血干细胞形成各种血细胞 C(小麦花粉经离体培养发育志单倍体植株 D(胡萝卜根韧皮部细胞经组织培养发育成新植株 3(下列有关细胞癌变的叙述，正确的是 A(基因突变导致的各种细胞癌变均可遗传 2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-- 14 - B(石棉和黄曲霉素是不同类型的致癌因子 C(人体的免疫系统对癌变细胞具有清除作用 D(癌变细胞内酶活性降低导致细胞代谢减缓 4.某兴趣小组在室温下进行了酵母菌无氧呼吸的探究实验(如图)。下列分析错误的是 A(滴管中冒出的气泡是反应产生CO的结果 2 B(试管中加水的主要目的是制造无氧环境 C(若试管中的水换成冷水，气泡释放速率下降 D(被分解的葡萄糖中的能量一部分转移至ATP，其余的存留在酒精中 5.下列关于原核生物和真核生物的叙述，正确的是 A.原核生物细胞不含线粒体 ，不能进行有氧呼吸 B.真核生物细胞只进行有丝分裂，原核生物细胞只进行无丝分裂 C.真核生物以DNA为遗传物质，部分原核生物以RNA为遗传物质 D.真核生物细胞具有细胞膜系统(生物膜系统)，有利于细胞代谢有序进行 6.只有在保持细胞活性的条件下，才能显示细胞中某物质或结构的实验是 A.苏丹?染色体观察花生种子子叶细胞中的脂肪 B.龙胆紫染色观察洋葱根尖分生区细胞的有丝分裂 C.健那绿(詹纳斯绿B)染色观察动物细胞的线粒体 D.甲基绿、派洛宁(呲罗红)染色观察动物细胞中的DNA和RNA 7.图示某些生物学概念间的关系，其中?代表整个大圆，?包含?。 下列各项不符合关系的是 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345- 15 - A.?体液 ?细胞外液 ?细胞内液 ?组织液 B.?突触 ?突触前膜 ?突触后膜 ?突触小泡 C.?核酸 ?核糖核酸 ?脱氧核糖核酸 ?信使RNA D.?免疫 ?特异性免疫 ?非特异性免疫 ?细胞免疫 BY的小鼠仅因为减数分裂过程中染色体未正常分离，而产生一个不含性染色体的AA型配8(基因型为AaX 子。等位基因A、a位于2号染色体。下列关于染色体未分离时期的分析，正确的是 ?(2号染色体一定在减数第二次分裂时未分离 ?(2号染色体可能在减数第一次分裂时未分离 ?(性染色体可能在减数第二次分裂时未分离 ?(性染色体一定在减数第一次分裂时未分离 A(?? B(?? C(?? D(?? 26.(15分)6月5日是世界环境日，今年我国的世界环境日主题是“共建生态文明、共享绿色未来”。 草 原是绿色生态环境的组 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2- 16 - 部分。某草原生态系统的食物网如图所示。 (1)图中食物网的简单，因此，该草原生态系统的______________能力较差，其______________稳定性也相应较低。除图中所示的生物类群外，该生态系统的生物组成成分还应有________________才能保证其物质循环的正常进行。 (2)如果图中草能提供10000KJ的能量，营养级间的能量传递效率为10% , 20%，那么鹰占据的营养级能得到的最低和最高能量值分别是___________KJ和___________KJ。若去除蛇，且狐的数量不变，则草原容纳鹰的数量会__________。若外来生物入侵该区，则会导致草原的__________锐减或丧失。 (3)影响图中兔种群数量变化的种间因素是__________和竞争。若某年兔种群的K值为1000只，且1只兔和4只鼠消耗的草量相等，其他条件不变的情况下，次年鼠的数量增加400只，则兔种群的K值变为__________只。用标志重捕法调查该区的种群数量时，若部分标记个体迁出，则导致调查结果__________(填“偏高”或“偏低”) (4)草原干旱时，兔摄取水分减少，体内细胞外液渗透压__________，引起__________渗透压感受器兴奋，增加抗利尿激素的释放，进而引起__________对水的重吸收增加，减少排尿量,以保持体内水平衡。 答案:(1)自动调节 抵抗力 分解者 (2)10 400 增加 生物多样性 (3)捕食 900 偏高 (4)升高 下丘脑 肾小管和集合管 -Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236- 17 - 27.(18分)荠菜的果实形状有三角形和卵圆形两种，该形状的遗传涉及两对等位基因，分别是A、a和B、b表示。为探究荠菜果实形状的遗传规律，进行了杂交实验(如图)。 (1)图中亲本基因型为________________。根据F表现型比例判断，荠菜果实形状的遗传遵循2 _____________。F测交后代的表现型及比例为_______________________。另选两种基因型的亲本杂交，1 F和F的性状表现及比例与图中结果相同，推断亲本基因型为________________________。 12 (2)图中F三角形果实荠菜中，部分个体无论自交多少代，其后代表现型仍然为三角形果实，这样的个2 体在F三角形果实荠菜中的比例为_____________;还有部分个体自交后发生性状分离，它们的基因型是2 ________。 (3)荠菜果实形状的相关基因a，b分别由基因A、B突变形成，基因A、B也可以突变成其他多种形式的等位基因，这体现了基因突变具有_______________的特点。自然选择可积累适应环境的突变，使种群的基因频率发生_____________，导致生物进化。 (4)现有3包基因型分别为 AABB、AaBB、和aaBB的荠菜种子，由于标签丢失而无法区分。根据以上遗传规律，请设计实验确定每包种子的基因型。有已知性状(三角形果实和卵形果实)的荠菜种子可供选用。 实验步骤: ? _______________; ? _______________; ? _______________。 结果预测: ?如果_______________，则包内种子基因型为AABB; ?如果_______________，则包内种子基因型为AaBB; GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-- 18 - ? 如果_______________，则包内种子基因型为aaBB。 答案:(1) AABB 和 aabb 基因的自由组合定律 三角形果实:卵圆形果实=3:1 AAbb和aaBB (2)7/15 AaBb aaBb Aabb (3)不定向性 定向改变 (4)分别将三包荸荠种子和卵圆形果实种子种下，待植株成熟后分别将待测种子发育成的植株和卵圆形果实种子发育成的植株进行杂交，得到F1种子; 将得到的F1种子分别种下，植株成熟后进行自交，得到F2种子; 将F2种子种下，植株成熟后分别观察统计F2所有果实性状及比例。 若F2植株上果实形状为三角形:卵圆形=15:1，则包内种子基因型为AABB; 若F2植株上果实形状为三角形:卵圆形约= 27:5，则包内种子基因型为AaBB; 若F2植株上果实形状为三角形:卵圆形=3:1，则包内种子基因型为aaBB; 34.(8分)(生物—生物技术实验) 研究发现柚皮精油和乳酸菌素(小分子蛋白质)均有抑菌作用，两者的提取及应用如图所示。 (1)柚皮易焦糊，宜采用____________法提取柚皮精油，该过程得到的糊状液体可通过___________除去其中的固体杂质。 (2)筛选乳酸菌A时可选用平板划线法或____________接种。对新配制的培养基灭菌时所用的设备是_______________。实验前需对超净工作台进行____________处理。 (3)培养基中的尿素可为乳酸菌A生长提供______________。电泳法纯化乳酸菌素时，若分离带电荷相同的蛋白质，则其分子量越大，电泳速度___________。 (4)抑菌实验时，在长满致病菌的平板上，会出现以抑菌物质为中心的透明圈。可通过测定透明圈的______________来比较柚皮精油和乳酸菌素的抑菌效果。 答案:(1)压榨 过滤 (2)稀释涂布平板法 高压蒸汽灭菌锅 紫外线消毒 (3)碳源和氮源 越慢 (4)大小 92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-- 19 - 35.(8分)【生物—现代生物科技专题】 人类疾病的转基因动物模型常用于致病机理的探讨及治疗药物的筛选。利用正常大鼠制备遗传性高血压转基因模型大鼠的流程如图所示。 (1)卵母细胞除从活体输卵管中采集外，还可从已处死的雌鼠________中获取。 (2)图中的高血压相关基因作为__________，质粒作为_________,二者需用________切割后连接成重组载体，该过程与质粒上含有________有关。 (3)子代大鼠如果________和__________，即可分别在分子水平和个体水平上说明高血压相关基因已成功表达，然后可用其建立高血压转基因动物模型。 (4)在上述转基因大鼠的培育过程中，所用到的主要胚胎工程技术是___________、早期胚胎培养和胚胎移植。 答案:(1)卵巢 (2)目的基因 运载体 同一种限制酶 限制酶识别位点 (3)检测到相应蛋白质 出现高血压 (4)体外受精 2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-- 20 - 2011年高考福建生物试题 一、选择题 1.下列关于人体细胞代谢场所的叙述，正确的是 A.乳酸产生的场所是线粒体 B.雌性激素合成的场所是核糖体 C.血红蛋白合成的场所是高尔基体 D.胰岛素基因转录的场所是细胞核 2.右图是夏季晴朗的白天，玉米和花生净光合速率(时间单位、单位叶面积吸收C02的量)的变化曲线，下((列叙述错误的是 A.在9:30~11:00之间，花生净光合率下降的原因是暗反应过程减缓 B.在11:00~12:30之间，花生的单位叶面积有机物积累量比玉米得多 C.在17:00时，玉米和花生的单位叶面积释放02速率相同 D.在18:30时，玉米即能进行光反应，也能进行暗反应 ((3.正常人体内的激素、酶和神经递质均有特定的生物活性，这三类物质都是 A.在细胞内发挥作用 B.由活细胞产生的蛋白质 C.在特定分子结合后起作用 D.在发挥作用后还能保持活性 4.下表选项中，甲、乙、丙三者关系能用右下图表示的是A -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345- 21 - 5.火鸡的性别决定方式是ZW型(?ZW，?ZZ)曾有人发现少数雌火鸡ZW的卵细胞未与精子结合，也可以发育成二倍体后代。遗传学家推测，该现象产生的原因可能是:卵细胞与其同时产生的三个极体之一结合，形成二倍体WW后代的胚胎不能存活)。若该推测成立，理论上这种方式产生后代的雌雄比例是 A.雌:雄=1:1 B. 雌:雄=1:2 C. 雌:雄=3:1 D。雌:雄=4:1 26.(28分)回答下列?、?题 ?。机体的免疫系统对核辐射损伤很敏感，主要表现在核辐射会诱导免疫细胞凋亡。人白细胞介素18(IL-18)能促进免疫细胞的增殖和分化，提高机体免疫功能。某科研小组开展了“IL-18对核辐射诱导小鼠脾细胞凋亡的抑制作用”的研究，方法如下: 60 选取若干实验小鼠，随机分成三组:?组无辐射损伤;?组辐射损伤(Co照射，下同);?组先辐射损伤，1天后注射IL-18.14天后分别取各组小鼠脾细胞进行体外培养，在培养了Oh、12h、24h、48h后，进行细胞凋亡检测，得到的细胞凋亡相对值如下表: 组别 处理方法 0 h 12 h 24 h 48 h ? 无辐射损伤 0.046 0.056 0.048 0.038 ? 辐射损伤 0.460 0.420 0.530 0.520 ? 辐射损伤+IL–18 0.239 0.265 0.279 0.269 22.选择脾细胞作为本实验材料，是因为脾脏是集体重要的_______器官。已知IL-18是一种淋巴因子，淋巴 因子与______都属于免疫活性物质。 23.自爆凋亡是由遗传机制决定的______死亡。从表中数据可知，细胞凋亡相对值越小，说明发生凋亡的脾细 胞数目越______;从_______(组别)两组数据可知，IL-18能够抑制脾细胞凋亡。 24.科研小组还设置了第?组实验，方法是先注射IL-18，3天后进行辐射损伤，14天后的实验操作同前三组。 与第?组相比，设置第?组的目的是______。 6025.在作物育种中，可用Co放出的γ涉嫌使作物发生基因突变，从中筛选出优良的变异类型，这种育种方法 叫做______育种，其特点是______(至少答出两点)。 ?。使用染色剂染色是生物学实验常用的方法，某同学对有关实验做了如下归纳: 实验 观察对象 染色剂 实验结果 ? 花生子叶细胞的脂肪颗粒 苏丹? 脂肪颗粒被染成橘黄色 毗罗红甲细胞内染成绿色的面积显著大于染成红? 人口腔上皮细胞中的DNA和RNA分布 基绿 色的面积 ? 人口腔上皮细胞中的线粒体 健那绿 线粒体呈现蓝绿色 间期细胞不着色，分裂期细胞染色体着? 洋葱根尖分生组织细胞的有丝分裂 龙胆紫 色 12.上述实验结果的归纳，正确的有_______(实验序号)。 13.实验?和实验?在染色之前，都使用了一定浓度的盐酸处理。其中，实验?用盐酸可改变______通透性，加速染色剂进入细胞;实验?用盐酸与酒精混合，对材料进行解离。在两个实验操作中，都要注意盐酸浓度， 处理材料时的温度和______。 14.健那绿使线粒体着色与线粒体内膜的酶系统有关。线粒体内膜上的酶主要催化有氧呼吸的第______阶反 应，该反应变化是____________。 27. 二倍体结球甘蓝的紫色叶对绿色叶为显性，控制该相对性状的两对等位基因(A、a和B、b)分别位于3 号和8号染色体上。下表是纯合甘蓝杂交试验的统计数据: Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 - 22 - 请回答: (1) 结球甘蓝叶性状的有遗传遵循____定律。 (2) 表中组合?的两个亲本基因型为____，理论上组合?的F紫色叶植株中，纯合子所占的比例2 为_____。 (3) 表中组合?的亲本中，紫色叶植株的基因型为____。若组合?的F与绿色叶甘蓝杂交，理论1 上后代的表现型及比例为____。 (4) 请用竖线(|)表示相关染色体，用点(?)表示相关基因位置，在右图圆 圈中画出组合?的F体细胞的基因示意图。 1 32. [生物----现代生物科技专题]必答题(10分) 一对表现型正常的夫妇，生了一个镰刀型细胞贫血症(常染色体隐性遗传病)患儿。在他们欲生育第二胎时，发现妻子的双侧输卵管完全堵塞，不能完成体内受精。医生为该夫妇实施了体外受精和产前基因诊断，过程如右图。 请回答: (1)过程?是指在体外进行的 处理，从而使精子与卵子结合形成受精卵;过程?称为 。 (2)在对胎儿进行镰刀形细胞贫血症的产前基因诊断时，要先从羊水中的胎儿细胞提取物质? 进行PCR扩增。然后用?对扩增产物进行切割，产生多个片段的酶切产物。据此判断，?是一种 酶。 (3)不同长度的酶切产物在电泳时移动的速率不同，形成不同的电泳条带。该家庭成员的镰刀型细胞贫血症基因分析的电泳带谱如?，据此判断胎儿为 (正常/患者/携带者)。 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -- 23 - 精子获能 DNA 胚胎移植 限制酶 正常 2011年江苏省高考生物试题 一、单项选择题:本部分包括20题，每题2分，共计40分。每题只有一个选项最符合题意。 1(下列物质合成时，需要模板的是 A(磷脂和蛋白质 B(DNA和酶 C(性激素和胰岛素D(神经递质和受体 2(关于人体细胞结构和功能的叙述，正确的是 A(在细胞核内RNA能够传递和表达遗传信息 B(核糖体是蛋白质合成和加工的主要场所 C(线粒体内膜蛋白质和脂质的比值大于外膜 D(高尔基体与有丝分裂过程中纺锤体形成有关 3(下列与果酒、果醋和腐乳制作相关的叙述，正确的是 A(腐乳制作所需要的适宜温度最高 B(果醋发酵包括无氧发酵和有氧发酵 C(使用的菌种分别是酵母菌、醋酸菌、乳酸菌 D(使用的菌种都具有细胞壁、核糖体、DNA和RNA 4(某研究组获得了水稻的叶黄素缺失突变体。将其叶片进行了红光照射光吸收测定和色素层析条带分析(从上至下)，与正常叶片相比，实验结果是 A(光吸收差异显著，色素带缺第2条 B(光吸收差异不显著，色素带缺第2条 C(光吸收差异显著，色素带缺第3条 D(光吸收差异不显著，色素带缺第3条 5(关于人体细胞分化、衰老、凋亡和癌变的叙述，正确的是 A(细胞分化导致基因选择性表达，细胞种类增多 B(细胞衰老表现为酶活性降低，细胞核体积减小 C(细胞凋亡受基因控制，不利于个体生长发育 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345- 24 - D(细胞癌变导致细胞黏着性降低，易分散转移 6(根据现代生物进化理论，下列说法正确的是 A(自然选择决定了生物变异和进化的方向 B(生物进化的实质是种群基因型频率的改变 C(种群内基因频率的改变在世代间具有连续性 D(种群内基因频率改变的偶然性随种群数量下降而减小 7(关于转录和翻译的叙述，错误的是 A(转录时以核糖核苷酸为原料 B(转录时RNA聚合酶能识别DNA中特定碱基序列 C(mRNA在核糖体上移动翻译出蛋白质 D(不同密码子编码同种氨基酸可增强密码的容错性 8(核孔是具有选择性的核质交换通道，亲 核蛋白需通过核孔进入细胞核发挥功能。右 图为非洲爪蟾卵母细胞亲核蛋白注射实验， 下列相关叙述正确的是 A(亲核蛋白进入细胞核由头部决定 B(亲核蛋白进入细胞核不需要载体 C(亲核蛋白进入细胞核需要消耗能量 D(亲核蛋白进入细胞核的方式与葡萄 糖进入红细胞相同 9(下列关于人体内环境的叙述，错误的是 A(抗原与抗体的特异性结合发生在内环境中 B(内环境成分中含有CO、尿素、神经递质等 2 C(组织液渗回血浆和渗入淋巴的量相差较大 D(血浆的成分稳定时，机体达到稳态 10(将有关生物材料直接制成临时装片，在普通光学显微镜下可以观察到的现象 A(菠菜叶片下表皮保卫细胞中具有多个叶绿体 B(花生子叶细胞中存在多个橘黄色脂肪颗粒 C(人口腔上皮细胞中线粒体数目较多 D(紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞中细胞核清晰可见 11(右图为基因型AABb的某动物进行细胞分裂的示意图。相关判断错误的是 A(此细胞为次级精母细胞或次级卵母细胞 B(此细胞中基因a是由基因A经突变产生 C(此细胞可能形成两种精子或一种卵细胞 D(此动物体细胞内最多含有四个染色体组 12(关于“噬菌体侵染细菌的实验”的叙述，正确的是 3532 A(分别用含有放射性同位素S和放射性同位素P的培养基培养噬菌体 3532 B(分别用S和P标记的噬菌体侵染未被标记的大肠杆菌，进行长时间的保温培养 35 C(用S标记噬菌体的侵染实验中，沉淀物存在少量放射性可能是搅拌不充分所致 3235 D(P、S标记的噬菌体侵染实验分别说明DNA是遗传物质、蛋白质不是遗传物质 13(右图是反射弧的模式图(a、b、c、d、e表示反射弧的组成部分，I、?表示突触的组成 部分)，有关说法正确的是 A(正常机体内兴奋在反射弧中的传导是单 -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of - 25 - 向的 B(切断d、刺激b，不会引起效应器收缩 C(兴奋在结构c和结构b的传导速度相同 D(?处发生的信号变化是电信号?化学信号?电信号 14(关于现代生物技术应用的叙述，错误的是 A(蛋白质工程可合成自然界中不存在的蛋白质 B(体细胞杂交技术可用于克隆动物和制备单克隆抗体 C(植物组织培养技术可用于植物茎尖脱毒 D(动物细胞培养技术可用于转基因动物的培育 15(下列有关酶的制备和应用的叙述，正确的是 A(酶解法和吸水涨破法常用于制备微生物的胞内酶 B(透析、电泳和酸解等方法常用于酶的分离与纯化 C(棉织物不能使用添加纤维素酶的洗衣粉进行洗涤 D(多酶片中的胃蛋白酶位于片剂的核心层 16(下列有关植物组织培养的叙述，正确的是 A(愈伤组织是一团有特定结构和功能的薄壁细胞 B(二倍体植株的花粉经脱分化与再分化后得到稳定遗传的植株 C(用人工薄膜将胚状体、愈伤组织等分别包装可制成人工种子 D(植物耐盐突变体可通过添加适量NaCl的培养基培养筛选而获得 17(我国西南横断山区被公认为全球生物多样性的关键地区，不同海拔区域蝶类物种多样性 研究结果见下表。下列有关叙述，正确的是 A(不同垂直带的植被类型差异是群落演替的结果 B(不同垂直带的植被类型差异反映了群落的空间结构特征 C(蝶类物种多样性与各垂直带植被类型无关 D(蝶类物种多样性与各垂直带气候特征有关 18(下列关于胚胎工程的叙述，错误的是 A(体外受精是指获能的精子和成熟的卵子在相应溶液中受精 B(受精卵发育到原肠胚阶段才能进行胚胎移植 C(早期胚胎培养与动物细胞培养的培养液通常都需加入血清 D(试管婴儿技术主要包括体外受精、早期胚胎培养和胚胎移植技术 19(在利用鸡血进行“DNA的粗提取与鉴定”的实验中，相关叙述正确的是 A(用蒸馏水将NaCl溶液浓度调至0.14 mol/L，滤去析出物 B(调节NaCl溶液浓度或加入木瓜蛋白酶，都可以去除部分杂质 C(将丝状物溶解在2 mol/L NaCl溶液中，加入二苯胺试剂即呈蓝色 D(用菜花替代鸡血作为实验材料，其实验操作步骤相同 20(下列关于江苏省境内发生的几个生态事件的叙述，错误的是 A(互花米草原产美洲，引入到江苏沿海等地种植后迅速扩散并改变了滩涂生物多样性，属 于生物入侵 B(克氏原螯虾(小龙虾)原产美洲，经由日本引入南京地区后迅速扩散，对农田有一定危 害，但成为餐桌上的美味，不属于生物入侵 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-- 26 - C(麋鹿原产我国，但后来在国内绝迹，从欧洲引入并在大丰境内建立自然保护区实行迁地保护 D(丹顶鹤在我国东北等地繁殖，迁徙到江苏沿海滩涂越冬，在盐城建立自然保护区实行就地保护 二、多项选择题:本部分包括5题，每题3分，共计15分。每题有不止一个选项符合题意。每题全选对者得3分，其他情况不得分。 21(研究发现，砷( As)可以富集在植物体内，转化为毒性很强的金属有机物，影响水稻的株高、根长和干重;加P(与As原子结构相似)处理后水稻茎叶和根中P含量增加、As含量相对减少，水稻生长加快，干重增加。对此现象合理的解释是 A(As在水稻细胞内富集，由细胞膜的结构特点决定 B(As进入水稻细胞，导致有关酶失去活性，影响细胞代谢 C(P影响As的吸收，与细胞膜上的载体种类和数量有关 D(P是构成磷脂、核酸和ATP的重要元素，能促进水稻生长发育 22(在有丝分裂和减数分裂的过程中均可产生的变异是 A(DNA复制时发生碱基对的增添、缺失或改变，导致基因突变 B(非同源染色体之间发生自由组合，导致基因重组 C(非同源染色体之间交换一部分片段，导致染色体结构变异 D(着丝点分裂后形成的两条染色体不能移向两极，导致染色体数目变异 23(某种铁线莲的根茎可作中药，有重要经济价值。下表为不同遮光处理对其光合作用影响的结果，相关叙述正确的是 A(适当的遮光处理，可提高其干重 B(叶绿素含量与净光合速率呈正相关 C(叶绿素a/b可作为其利用弱光能力的判断指标 D(遮光90%时，铁线莲不进行光合作用 24(某家系中有甲、乙两种单基因遗传病(如下图)，其中一种是伴性遗传病。相关分析正确的是 A(甲病是常染色体显性遗传、乙病是伴X染色体隐性遗传 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -- 27 - B(?-3的致病基因均来自于I-2 C(?-2有一种基因型，?一8基因型有四种可能 D(若?一4与?一5结婚，生育一患两种病孩子的概率是5/12 25(在野外试验站，研究棉蚜发生期开放和封闭条件下、不同初始密度(1和20头,叶)的棉蚜种群密度变化，各实验组均放置规格、数量相同的棉叶，结果如下图。有关叙述正确的是 A(初始密度相同的种群开放条件下先于封闭条件下衰退，可能与迁出有关 B(初始密度相同的种群开放条件下先于封闭条件下达到密度峰值，可能与迁入有关 C(开放和封闭条件下种群数量均在达到K值时开始衰退 D(开放和封闭条件下种内斗争均在种群衰退时开始减弱 三、非选择题:本部分包括8题，共计65分。 26((8分)右图为不同培养阶段酵母菌种群数量、葡 萄糖浓度和乙醇浓度的变化曲线，请回答下列问题: (1)曲线AB段酵母菌呼吸发生的场所是 ;曲线 BC段酵母菌呼吸的方式为 。 (2)酵母菌种群数量从C点开始下降的主要原因除 葡萄糖大量消耗外，还有 、 。 (3)在T1一T2时段，单位时间内酵母菌消耗葡萄糖 量迅速增加的主要原因有 、 。 (4)某同学在T3时取样，统计的酵母菌种群数量明 显高于D对应的数量，原因可能有 、 和用血球计数板计数时出现错误等。 27((9分)图1表示北纬50?某地区不同月份母鸡平均产蛋数的波动情况，图2是母鸡繁殖活动的生理调节过程示意图(甲、乙、丙表示器官，a、b、c表示相应激素)。请回答下列问题: -GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236- 28 - (1)由图1可知，影响母鸡月产蛋数的主要环境条件是 。 (2)图2中激素a、器官丙的名称分别是 、 。 (3)图2中c?甲、c?乙的生理意义在于 。 (4)已知激素a分子为一种多肽，其受体位于靶细胞的 ，这是因为 。 (5)从丙的静脉中抽取血液进行检测，血浆中含有的激素种类有 (填下列序号)。 ?1种 ?2种 ?3种 ?3种以上 (6)烷基苯酚是一类洗涤剂，其分子结构稳定，具有类似激素c的生理效应。长期饲喂被烷基苯酚污染的饲料，会对器官甲、乙的分泌活动产生 作用，从而引起激素c分泌量 。 ((8分)洋葱(2n=16)为二倍体植物。为比较不同处理方法对洋葱根尖细胞分裂指数(即视28 野内分裂期细胞数占细胞总数的百分比)的影响，某研究性学习小组进行了相关实验，实 验步骤如下: ?将洋葱的老根去除，经水培生根后取出。 ?将洋葱分组同时转入质量分数为0. 01%、0. 1%秋水仙素溶液中，分别培养24 h、36 h、 48 h;秋水仙素处理停止后再转入清水中分别培养0 h、12 h、24 h、36 h。 ?剪取根尖，用Carnoy固定液(用3份无水乙醇、1份冰乙酸混匀)固定8h，然后将根尖浸泡在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中5~8 min。 ?将根尖取出，放入盛有清水的培养皿中漂洗。 ?用石炭酸一品红试剂染色。 ?制片、镜检;计数、拍照。 实验结果:不同方法处理后的细胞分裂指数(%)如下表。 秋水仙素溶液处理 清水培养时间(h) 质量分数(%) 时间(h) 0 12 24 36 0. 0l 24 10. 71 13. 68 14. 19 14. 46 36 9. 94 11. 99 13. 59 13. 62 48 7. 98 10. 06 12. 22 11. 97 0.1 24 7. 74 9. 09 11. 07 10. 86 36 6. 12 7. 87 9. 98 9. 81 48 5. 97 6. 68 7. 98 8. 56 请分析上述实验，回答有关问题: (1)步骤?中“将根尖浸泡在1 mol/L盐酸溶液 中”的作用是 。 (2)步骤?为了获得相应的观察视野，镜检时正 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345- 29 - 确的操作方法是 。 (4)为了统计数据更加科学，计数时应采取的方法是 。 (5)根据上表结果可以得出如下初步结论: ?质量分数为 秋水仙素溶液诱导后的细胞分裂指数较高; ?本实验的各种处理中，提高细胞分裂指数的最佳方法是 。 (6)右面为一位同学在步骤?所拍摄的显微照片，形成 细胞a的最可能的原因是 。 29((9分)池塘养殖普遍存在由于饵料、鱼类排泄物、换水不及时等引起的水体污染现象，研究者设计了一种循环水池塘养殖系统(如下图)。请回答下列问题: (1)与自然池塘相比，人工养殖池塘生态系统恢复力稳定性 。人工养殖池塘水体的N、P含量容易升高，会引起水体的富营养化;藻类等浮游生物大量繁殖、加之死亡后被微生物分解，引起水体的溶氧量下降，造成鱼类等死亡，进一步破坏了生态系统稳态，这种调节方式称为 。 (2)与传统养殖池塘相比，该养殖系统增加的生态工程设施有 。可以通过在这些设施内栽 ，有效减少水体中的N、P等含量。 植水生植物、放养滤食动物等措施，起到对水体的 (3)该养殖系统设计为前一池塘上层水流人后一池塘底部，实现水层交换，其目的有 、 。 (4)该养殖系统中串联的池塘不宜过多，因为 。 (5)保持池塘水体中适当的N、P含量是必要的，该养殖系统可以通过 、 进行调控。 30((7分)人工合成的植物激素类似物常用 于生产实践。某课题组研究了激素类似物甲和 激素类似物乙对微型月季生根和侧芽生长的 影响，请回答下列问题: (1)由图1得出的初步结论是:甲和乙对微型 月季插条生根的影响分别是__ 、 。 (2)由图1的结果 (填“能”或“不能”) 判断0.5μmol/L的激素类似物乙对生根的影 响。为探究3 μmol/L的激素类似物甲和0.5 μmol/L的激素类似物乙对微型月季插条生根 的复合影响，应设计 __种培养基。 (3)已知甲为生长素类似物，图2为其X、Y和 Z三种浓度下对微型月季茎段侧芽生长的影响， 则: ?X浓度的甲对微型月季茎段侧芽生长具有 作用。 ?X浓度、Y浓度和Z浓度之间大小的关系是 。 31((8分)为探究植酸酶对鲈鱼生长和消化酶 活性的影响，研究者设计并进行了相关实验，实 92 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525- 30 - 验步骤及结果如下: ?鲈鱼的驯养:将从海洋中捕获的鲈鱼鱼苗在浮式海水网箱中饲养14 d，用普通饲料投喂，备用。 ?饲料的配制:在每千克普通饲料中添加200 mg植酸酶，配制成加酶饲料;并将普通饲料和加酶饲料分别制成大小相同的颗粒，烘干后储存。 ?鲈鱼的饲养:挑选体格健壮、大小一致的鲈鱼随机分组，放养于规格相同的浮式海水网箱中，放养密度为60尾,箱。给对照组的鲈鱼定时投喂适量的普通饲料，给实验组的鲈鱼同时投喂等量加酶饲料。 ?称重并记录:投喂8周后，从每个网箱中随机取20尾鲈鱼称重。结果显示，对照组、实验 组鱼体平均增重率分别为859.3% 、947. 2%。 ?制备鲈鱼肠道中消化酶样品，并分别测定消化酶的活性，结果如下表。 蛋白酶活性( U/mg) 脂肪酶活性( U/mg) 淀粉酶活性( U/mg) 对照组 1. 09 0. 08 0.12 实验组 1. 71 0. 10 0. 13 根据上述实验，回答下列问题: (1)步骤?中选用鲈鱼鱼苗而不是成体的主要原因是 ;实验前的驯养是为了 。 (2)步骤?中将配制好的饲料进行烘干要特别注意 ，其原因是 。 (3)步骤?中还应控制好的无关变量主要有 。 (4)本实验得出的初步结论是 。 (5)推测鲈鱼的食性并说明理由: 。 32((8分)玉米非糯性基因(W)对糯性基因(w)是显性，黄胚乳基因(Y)对白胚乳基因(y)是显 一一性，这两对等位基因分别位于第9号和第6号染色体上。W和w表示该基因所在染色体发生部分缺失(缺失区段不包括W和w基因)，缺失不影响减数分裂过程。染色体缺失的花粉不育，而染色体缺失的雌配子可育。请回答下列问题: 一一一Ww、ww、WW (1)现有基因型分别为WW、、Ww、ww6种玉米植株，通过测交可验证“染色体缺失的花粉不育，而染色体缺失的雌配子可育”的结论，写出测交亲本组合的基因型: 。 一— (2)以基因型为Ww个体作母本，基因型为Ww个体作父本，子代的表现型及其比例为 。 一 (3)基因型为WwYy的个体产生可育雄配子的类型及其比例为 。 一一(4)现进行正、反交实验，正交:WwYy(?)×WwYy(?)，反交:WwYy(?)×WwYy(?)，则正交、反交后代的表现型及其比例分别为 、 。 (5)以wwYY和WWyy为亲本杂交得到F1，F1自交产生F2。选取F2中的非糯性白胚乳植株，植株间相互传粉，则后代的表现型及其比例为 。 33((8分)请回答基因工程方面的有关问题: (1)利用PCR技术扩增目的基因，其原理与 图细胞内DNA复制类似(如下图所示)。 中引物为单链DNA片段，它是子链合成延 伸的基础。 ?从理论上推测，第四轮循环产物中含有 引物A的DNA片段所占的比例为 。 ?在第 轮循环产物中开始出现两条脱 氧核苷酸链等长的DNA片段。 (2)设计引物是PCR技术关键步骤之一。某 同学设计的两组引物(只标注了部分碱基 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-- 31 - 序列)都不合理(如下图)，请分别说明理由。 ?第1组: ; ?第2组: 。 (3) PCR反应体系中含有热稳定DNA聚合酶，下面的表达式不能正确反映DNA聚合酶的 功能，这是因为 。 (4)用限制酶EcoRV、Mbol单独或联合切割同一种质粒，得到的DNA片段长度如下图(1 kb 即1000个碱基对)，请在答题卡的指定位置画出质粒上EcoRV、Mbol的切割位点。 生物试题参考答案 一、单项选择题:本部分包括20题，每题2分，共计40分。 1(B 2(C 3(D 4(B 5(D 6(C 7(C 8(C 9(D 1 0(A 1 1(A 1 2(C 1 3(A 1 4(B 1 5(A 1 6(D 1 7(D 1 8(B 1 9(B 20(B 二、多项选择题:本部分包括5题，每题3分，共计15分。 21. BCD 22. ACD 23. AC 24. ACD 25. AB 三、非选择题:本部分包括8题，共计65分。 26((8分) (1)细胞质基质和线粒体 有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸 (2)乙醇含量过高 培养液的pH下降 (3)酵母菌进行无氧呼吸，产生的能量少 酵母菌种群数量增多 (4)取样时培养液未摇匀，从底部取样 未染色，统计的菌体数包含了死亡的菌体 2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-- 32 - 27((9分) (1)日光照时间 (2)促性腺激素释放激素 卵巢 (3)通过负反馈以维持激素c水平的相对稳定 (4)细胞膜上 激素a不能通过具有选择透过性的细胞膜 (5)? (6)抑制 减少 28((8分) (1)使组织中细胞相互分离开来 (2)先在低倍镜下观察，缓慢移动装片，发现理想视野后换用高倍镜 (3)碱 (4)每组装片观察多个视野 (5)?0.01% ?0.01%秋水仙素溶液诱导24 h，再在清水中培养36 h (6)秋水仙素处理发生在上一个细胞周期纺锤体形成之后 29((9分) (1)高 正反馈 (2)生态塘和潜流湿地 净化作用 (3)增加水中的溶氧量 提高饵料的利用率 (4)后面池塘水体中的N和P含量(浓度)越来越高 (5)补水和排水 水泵控制水的流量(循环频次) 30((7分) (1)促进生根 抑制生根 (2)不能 4 (3)?抑制 ?X>Y，X>Z，Y与Z之间大小关系不确定 3 1((8分) (1)成体生长缓慢，实验效果不明显 让鲈鱼适应实验养殖环境 (2)温度不能过高 高温会使植酸酶变性而失去活性 (3)水温、盐度和溶解氧等 (4)添加植酸酶的饲料促进鲈鱼幼体的生长;植酸酶能提高肠道中蛋白酶的活性，而对 肠道中脂肪酶和淀粉酶的活性影响较小 (5)肉食性，其肠道中蛋白酶活性显著高于脂肪酶和淀粉酶 32((8分) —— (1) ww(?)×Ww(?);Ww(?)×ww(?) (2)非糯性:糯性=1:1 (3)WY:Wy=1:1 (4)非糯性黄胚乳:非糯性白胚乳:糯性黄胚乳:糯性白胚乳=3:1:3:1 非糯性黄胚乳:非糯性白胚乳:糯性黄胚乳:糯性白胚乳=9:3:3:1 (5)非糯性白胚乳:糯性白胚乳=8:1 33((8分) (1)?15/16 ?三 (2)?引物I和引物?局部发生碱基互补配对而失效 ?引物I’自身折叠后会出现局部碱基互补配对而失效 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345- 33 - (3) DNA聚合酶只能将单个脱氧核苷酸连续结 合到双链DNA片段的引物链上 (4)见右图 2011年海南生物试题 第I卷 选择题:本大题共25小题，每小题2分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是 符合题目要求的。 (( 1.关于动物细胞膜的叙述，错误的是 A.细胞膜含有糖脂和糖蛋白 B.细胞融合与细胞膜的流动性有关 C.ATP为CO分子通过细胞膜提供能量 2 D.细胞膜上的大多数蛋白质是可以运动的 (( 2.关于酵母菌的叙述，错误的是 A.酵母菌既含有核基因，又含有线粒体基因 B.酵母菌无氧呼吸的终产物经主动运输到细胞外 C.培养液中酵母菌的种群数量在培养早期呈“J”型增长 D.碳源充足和不充足的培养液中酵母菌种群的K值不同 3.关于细胞呼吸的叙述，正确的是 A.种子风干脱水后呼吸强度增强 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2- 34 - B.土壤淹水可导致根系发生无氧呼吸 C.破伤风杆菌在有氧条件下能大量繁殖 D.小麦种子萌发过程中有氧呼吸逐渐减弱 ((4.细胞内糖分解代谢过程如下图，下列叙述错误的是 A.植物细胞能进行过程?和?或过程?或? B.真核细胞的细胞质基质中能进行过程?和? C.动物细胞内，过程?比过程?释放的能量多 D.乳酸菌细胞内，过程?产生[H]，过程?消耗[H] 5.某一不可逆化学反应()在无酶和有酶催化时均可以进行，当该反应在无酶条件 下进行到时间t时，向反应液中加入催化该反应的酶。下图中能正确表示加酶后反 应物浓度随反应时间变化趋势的曲线是 A.甲 B.乙 C.丙 D.丁 ((6.关于哺乳动物红细胞和血红蛋白的叙述，错误的是 A.机体缺铁时，血红蛋白的合成量会减少 B.成熟红细胞中没有血红蛋白mRNA的合成 +C.血浆中的氧和Na通过主动运输进入红细胞 -welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730- 35 - D.血红蛋白基金突变可导致镰刀型细胞贫血症 (( 7.关于哺乳动物下丘脑的叙述，错误的是 A.下丘脑具有内分泌功能 B.调节产热和散热，维持体温的相对恒定 C.感受细胞外液渗透压变化，条件动物体水盐平衡 D.分泌促甲状腺激素，调节甲状腺激素的合成和分泌 8.突触后膜受体与相应的神经递质结合后，使突触后神经细胞兴奋，在引起该突触后神经细胞兴奋的过程中 ++A.Na通过被动运输到突触后膜内 B.K通过被动运输到突触后膜内 ++C.Na通过被动运输到突触后膜外 D.K通过被动运输到突触后膜外 9.下列事例能够说明神经系统中的高级中枢对低级中枢有控制作用的是 A.针刺指尖引起缩手反射 B.短期记忆的多次重复可形成长期记忆 C.大脑皮层语言H区损伤，导致人不能听懂别人讲话 D.意识丧失的病人能排尿但不能控制，意识恢复后可控制 10.关于微生物的叙述，错误的是 A.T噬菌体由蛋白质和RNA组成 2 B.蓝藻无叶绿体，但能进行光合作用 C.通过诱变育种可获得青霉素高产菌株 D.赤霉菌分泌的赤霉素可促进植物生长 11.野生型大肠杆菌能在基本培养基上生长，用射线照射野生型大肠杆菌得到一突变株，该突变株在基本培养基上培养时必须添加氨基酸甲后才能生长。对这一实验结果的解释，不合理的是 A.野生型大肠杆菌可以合成氨基酸甲 B.野生型大肠杆菌代谢可能不需要氨基酸甲 C.该突变株可能无法产生氨基酸甲合成所需的酶 D.该突变株中合成氨基酸甲所需酶的功能可能丧失 12.红枫是一种木本观赏植物，在生长季节叶片呈红色，下列关于该植物的叙述，正确的是 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2- 36 - A.红枫叶片不含叶绿素 B.红枫叶片呈红色是因为吸收了红光 C.红枫叶片能吸收光能进行光合作用 D.液泡中的色素吸收的光能用于光合作用 13.取某植物的胚芽鞘和幼根，切除胚芽鞘尖端和幼根根尖的尖端(即切除根冠和分生区)，然后将胚芽鞘(近尖端向上)和幼根(近尖端向上)直立放置，分别在两者切面的左侧放置含有生长素的琼脂快(生长素浓度为促进胚芽鞘生长的最适浓度)，培养在黑暗条件下，幼根和胚芽鞘弯曲生长且方向相反，关于这一现象的说法，合理的是 A.胚芽鞘向左弯曲生长，生长素在胚芽鞘中是极性运输 B.胚芽鞘向右弯曲生长，生长素在胚芽鞘中是极性运输 C.幼根向左弯曲生长，生长素在胚芽鞘中是非极性运输 D.幼根向右弯曲生长，生长素在胚芽鞘中是非极性运输 14.关于酶的叙述，正确的是 A.酶提供了反应过程所必需的活化能 B.酶活性的变化与酶所处的环境的改变无关 C.酶结构的改变可导致其活性部分或全部丧失 D.酶分子在催化反应完成后立即被降解成氨基酸 15.关于RNA得叙述，错误的是 A.少数RNA具有生物催化作用 B.真核细胞内mRNA和tRNA都是在细胞质中合成的 C.mRNA上决定1个氨基酸的3个相邻碱基成为密码子 D.细胞中有多种tRNA，一种tRNA只能转运一种氨基酸 16.关于核酸的叙述，正确的是 A.只有细胞内的核酸才是携带遗传信息的物质 B.DNA分子中两条脱氧核苷酸链之间的碱基一定是通过氢键连接的 C.分子大小相同、碱基含量相同的核酸分子所携带的遗传信息一定相同 D.用甲基绿和吡罗红混合染色SARS病毒可观察到DNA和RNA的分布 17.假定五对等位基因自由组合。则杂交组合AaBBCcDDEe×AaBbCCddEe产生的子代中，有一对等位基因杂合、四对等位基因纯合的个体所占的比率是 A.1/32 B.1/16 C.1/8 D.1/4 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -- 37 - 18.孟德尔对于遗传学的重要贡献之一是利用设计巧妙的实验否定了融合遗传方式。为了验证孟德尔遗传方式的正确性，有人用一株开红花的烟草和一株开百花的烟草作为亲本进行实验。在下列预期结果中，支持孟德尔遗传方式而否定融合遗传方式的是 A.红花亲本与百花亲本杂交的F代全为红花 1 B.红花亲本与百花亲本杂交的F代全为粉红花 1 C.红花亲本与百花亲本杂交的F代按照一定比例出现花色分离 2 D.红花亲本杂交，子代全为红花;百花亲本自交，子代全为百花 19.关于植物染色体变异的叙述，正确的是 A.染色体组整倍性变化必然导致基因种类的增加 B.染色体组非整倍性变化必然导致新基因的产生 C.染色体片段的缺失和重复必然导致基因种类的变化 D.染色体片段的倒位和易位必然导致基因排列顺序的变化 20.某地区共同生活着具有捕食关系的甲、乙两种动物。两者的个体数长期保持稳定。下列叙述正确的是 A.乙物种的灭绝必然导致甲物种的灭绝，反之亦然 B.在长期进化中，甲、乙两物种必然互为选择因素 C.甲物种基因的突变必然导致乙物种基因的突变，反之亦然 D.甲、乙个体数的长期稳定说明两个种群的基因频率没有改变 21. 关于生态系统的叙述，正确的是 A. 生态系统中生产者得到的能量必然大于消费者得到的 B. 生态系统中的信息传递对所有捕食者都必然有利的 C. 生态系统的食物链中营养级越高的生物，其体型必然越大 D. 生态系统的食物链中营养级越高的生物，其体型必然越小 22. 某地区常年栖息着30万只鸟类，其中灰掠鸟占了最大优势，数量达10万只之多。灰掠鸟是农林害虫的天敌，喜好群体活动，常集结成庞大的鸟群在天空盘旋，形成壮观的风景。该地区为打造灰掠鸟品牌，在林区大规模清除其他树种，并改种灰掠鸟喜居的树种，欲招引20万只以上灰掠鸟，该计划的实施将使该区 A. 灰掠鸟种内竞争必然减弱 B. 鸟的种类必然增加 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2- 38 - C. 农林害虫数量必然大幅度上升 D. 生态系统的结构必然发生变化 23. 南极冰藻是以硅藻为主的一大类藻类植物，长期生长在南极海冰区-2,C的环 境中，其最适生长温度为C。磷虾主要以南极冰藻为食，企鹅主要以磷虾为食。自 1975年以来，磷虾种群密度下降高达80%。下列叙述错误的是 A. 南极冰藻组成了一个种群 B. 企鹅种群密度也会随着磷虾种群密度下降而下降 C. 南极冰藻、磷虾、企鹅与该海冰区得其他生物组成群落 D. -2,C范围内，随着温度升高南极冰藻的光合作用强度增大 24. 关于群落演替的叙述，错误的是 A. 围湖造田活动对群落演替有影响 B. 演替过程中群落的物种组成不断变化 C. 次生演替的速度比初生演替的速度快 D. 弃耕农田上发生的群落演替是初生演替 25. 关于核酸生物合成的叙述，错误的是 A. DNA的复制需要消耗能量 B. RNA分子可作为DNA合成的模板 C. 真核生物的大部分核酸在细胞核中合成 D. 真核细胞染色体DNA的复制发生在有丝分裂前期 第?卷 一、必考题(共4题，共35分) 26. (8分) 某同学设计了一个探究实验，把培养在完全营养液中、生长状态一致的3组某种植物幼苗分别放入A、B、C三个完全相同的玻璃钟罩内(如下图所示)，其中A不密封。B、C密封。B内培养皿中盛有Ba(OH)溶液，A、C内培养皿中盛有蒸馏水，2 各培养皿中液体的体积相同。该实验在光照充足、温度适宜的环境中进行。 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 - 39 - 回答问题: (1)根据上述实验设计判断，该实验的目的是__________. (2)从理论上讲，培养一段时间后，预期的实验结果是:B中的幼苗生长量比C中的____(大、小)，原因是_______;A中的幼苗生长量比C中的______ (大、小)，原因是_______。 27. (7分) 原尿中葡萄糖、氨基酸等物质的浓度与血浆中的基本相同。原尿经肾小管上皮细胞的选择性重吸收和分泌作用后形成尿液。正常情况下尿液中不含葡萄糖。肾小管上皮细胞中的葡萄糖通过被动运输的方式进入组织液。下图为肾小管及相关结构示意图。 回答问题: (1) 肾小管上皮细胞中的葡萄糖浓度______(高于、低于、等于) 组织液中的。 (2) 原尿中的葡萄糖进入肾小管上皮细胞的运输方式是_____，需要 _______的参与。 (3) 肾小管上皮细胞重吸收水分的原理是_________，原尿中葡萄糖 未能被完全重吸收从而导致尿量增加的原因是___________。 -ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering- 40 - 28.(8分) 某岛屿居民与该岛上的植物、兔、鼠、釉和鹰构成的食物网如下图。某个时期，当地居民大量捕杀釉，导致岛上鼠种群爆发，随后由鼠疫杆菌引起的鼠疫通过跳蚤使人感染。 回答问题: (1) 该食物网中，植物中的能量能通过______条食物链传递给鹰， 鹰所处的营养级为______;兔与人的中间关系是_____。鼠疫杆菌与人的中间 关系式_______。 (2) 通常情况下，寄生在鼠身上的跳蚤对鼠种群数量的影响_____(大 于，小于、等于)釉对鼠种群数量的影响;大量不杀釉会导致鼠种内竞争______ (增强、不变、减弱)。 (3) 生长在该岛上的蘑菇属于生态系统的_____(生产者、消费者、 分解者)，其体内储存的能量_____(能、不能)传递给植物。 29.(12分) 下图为某家族甲、乙两种遗传病的系谱图。甲遗传病由一对等位基因(A，a)控制，乙遗传病由另一对等位基因(B,b)控制，这两对等位基因独立遗传。已知III-4携带甲遗传病的治病基因，但不携带乙遗传病的治病基因。 -welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730- 41 - 回答问题: (1) 甲遗传病的致病基因位于_____(X,Y,常)染色体上，乙遗传病 的致病基因位于______(X,Y,常)染色体上。 (2) II-2的基因型为______，III-3的基因型为______。 (3) 若III-3和III-4再生一个孩子，则这个孩子为同时患甲，乙 两种遗传病男孩的概率是_______。 (4) 若IV-1与一个正常男性结婚，则他们生一个患乙遗传病男孩的 概率是______。 (5) IV-1的这两对等位基因均为杂合的概率是______。 二、选考题(请考生在第30.31两题中任选一题作答。如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分。作答时用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选题目的题号涂黑，并写清小题题号。) 30.[生物——选修1:生物技术实践](15分) 许多植物含有天然香料，如薄荷叶中含有薄荷油。现用薄荷叶提取薄荷油。 回答问题: (1) 薄荷油是挥发性物质，提取薄荷油时应选用_____(鲜、干)薄荷 叶作原料，其原因是_____。 (2) 用萃取法提取薄荷油时，采用的溶剂是______，原理是_______。 (3) 用水蒸气蒸馏法提取薄荷油时，在油水混合物中加入氯化钠的 作用是______。常用于分离油层和水层的器皿是______。分离出的油层中加 入无水硫酸钠的作用是______，除去固体硫酸钠的常用方法是_______。 31.[生物——选修3:现代生物科技专题](15分) 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-- 42 - 回答有关基因工程的问题: (1) 构建基因工程表达载体时，用不同类型的限制酶切割DNA后， 可能产生粘性末端，也可能产生_____末端。若要在限制酶切割目的基因和质 粒后使其直接进行连接，则应选择能使二者产生_____(相同，不同)粘性末 端的限制酶。 (2) 利用大肠杆菌生产人胰岛素时，构建的表达载体含有人胰岛素 基因及其启动子等，其中启动子的作用是_____。在用表达载体转化大肠杆菌 时，常用_____处理大肠杆菌，以利于表达载体进入:为了检测胰岛素基因是 否转录出了mRNA，可用标记的胰岛素基因片段作探针与mRNA杂交，该杂交技 术称为______。为了检测胰岛素基因转录的mRNA是否翻译成_____，常用抗 原-抗体杂交技术。 (3) 如果要将某目的基因通过农杆菌传话法导入植物细胞，先要将 目睹基因插入农杆菌Ti质粒的_____中，然后用该农杆菌感染植物细胞，通 过DNA重组将目的基因插入植物细胞的______上。 2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理综生物部分 本试卷分第?卷(选择题)和第?卷(非选择题)两部分。 第?卷(选择题) 一、选择题(本大题共13小题，每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的) 1(将人的红细胞放入4?蒸馏水中，一段时间后红细胞破裂，主要原因是 A.红细胞具有水溶性 B.红细胞的液泡体积增大 C.蒸馏水大量进入红细胞 D.低温时红细胞膜流动性增大 1(【答案】C 【解析】本题主要考查红细胞的结构特点。人的成熟的红细胞的结构比较简单，只有细胞膜和细胞质基质，没有细胞核和复杂的具膜细胞器。将人的红细胞放入4?蒸馏水中，红细胞的细胞内液浓度大于细胞外的环境浓度，导致红细胞不断吸水而涨破。 2(甲、乙两种酶用同一种蛋白酶处理，酶活性与处理时间的关 系如下图所示。下列分析错误的是 (( A(甲酶能够抗该种蛋白酶降解 B. 甲酶是不可能具有催化功能的RNA C(乙酶的化学本质为蛋白质 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 - 43 - D(乙酶活性的改变是因为其分子结构的改变 2(【答案】B 【解析】本题以坐标图为信息载体，主要考查酶的本质、特点及功能的相关知识。观察曲线图看出，甲酶的活性始终保持不变，说明甲酶能抗该种蛋白酶的降解;从酶的化学成分上来看，绝大多数是蛋白质，极少数是RNA，甲酶也可能是具有生物催化作用的RNA;乙酶的活性不断降低，说明能被该种蛋白酶降解，其本质为蛋白质;乙酶被降解的过程中其分子结构会发生改变。 3(番茄幼苗在缺镁的培养液中培养一段时间后，与对照组相比，其叶片光合作用强度下降，原因是 A(光反应强度升高，暗反应强度降低 B(光反应强度降低，暗反应强度降低 C(反应强度不变，暗反应强度降低 D(光反应强度降低，暗反应强度不变 3(【答案】B 【解析】本题主要考查有关光合作用的场所、过程及特点等知识。镁是植物细胞中叶绿体色素的重要组成元素，若幼苗在缺镁的培养基中培养，会使叶绿体中的色素含量降低，导致光反应强度降低，生成的ATP及[H]的量也随之降低，而后暗反应强度也会降低。 4(撕取紫色洋葱外表皮，分为两份，假定两份外表皮细胞的大小、数目和生理状态一致，一份在完全营养液中浸泡一段时间，浸泡后的外表皮称为甲组;另一份在蒸馏水中浸泡相同的时间，浸泡后的外表皮称为乙组。然后，两组外表皮都用浓度为CHCl的蔗糖溶液处理，511 一段时间后表皮细胞中的水分不再减少。此时甲、乙两组细胞水分渗出量的大小，以及水分运出细胞的方式是 A(甲组细胞的水分渗出量与乙组细胞的相等，主动运输 B(甲组细胞的水分渗出量比乙组细胞的高，主动运输 C(甲组细胞的水分渗出量比乙组细胞的低，主动运输 D(甲组细胞的水分渗出量与乙组细胞的相等，被动运输 4(【答案】C 【解析】本题主要考查渗透作用及物质运输方式的相关知识。水分及一些脂溶性小分子物质的跨膜运输方式为被动运输;甲组外表皮在完全营养液中浸泡，吸收水分比乙组浸泡在蒸馏水中的外表皮要少很多;这样再用蔗糖溶液处理，甲组细胞的水分渗出量就低。 5(人在恐惧、紧张时，在内脏神经的支配下，肾上腺髓质释放的肾上腺素增多，该激素可用于心脏，使心率加快。下列叙述错误的是 (( A(该肾上腺素作用的靶器官包括心脏 B(该实例包含神经调节和体液调节 C(该肾上腺素通过神经纤维运输到心脏 D(该实例中反射弧是实现神经调节的结构基础 5(【答案】C 【解析】本题主要考查神经—体液调节的相关知识。由题干信息获知该肾上腺素的靶器官包括心脏，其调节方式既有神经调节又有激素调节;肾上腺素是由肾上腺髓质分泌的一种激素，它在应激状态、内脏神经刺激和低血糖等情况下，释放入血液循环，促进糖原分解并升高血糖，促进脂肪分解，引起心跳加快;神经调节的基本方式为反射，而反射弧是反射的基本结构。 6(下表是根据实验目的，所选用的试剂与预期的实验结果正确的是 实验目的 试剂 预期的实验结果 A 观察根尖分生组织细胞的有丝分裂 醋酸洋红 染色体被染成紫红色 B 检测植物组织中的脂肪 双缩脲试剂 脂肪颗粒被染成紫红色 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-- 44 - C 检测植物组织中的葡萄糖 甲基绿 葡萄糖与甲基绿作用，生成 绿色沉淀 D 观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布 斐林试剂 吡罗红 斐林试剂将DNA染成绿色， 吡罗红将RNA染成红色 6(【答案】A 【解析】本题主要考查生物教材中不同实验的染色或某些颜色变化。植物脂肪的鉴定用苏丹?(或苏丹?)试剂呈橘黄色(或红色);观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布应该选用甲基绿吡罗红染色剂，甲基绿将DNA染成绿色，吡罗红将RNA染成红色;葡萄糖用斐林试剂鉴定呈现砖红色沉淀。 三、非选择题(包括必考题和选考题两部分。第22题,第32题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须做答。第33题,第40题为选考题，考生根据要求做答) (一)必考题(11题，共129分) 29.(9分)在光照等适宜条件下，将培养在CO浓度为1%环境中的某植物迅速转移到CO22浓度为0.003%的环境中，其叶片暗反应中C和C化合物微摩尔浓度的变化趋势如下图。 35 回答问题: (1)图中物质A是 ______(C化合物、C化合物) 35 (2)在CO浓度为1%的环境中，物质B的浓度比A的低，原因是_______;将CO浓度从221%迅速降低到0.003%后，物质B浓度升高的原因是______________。 (3)若使该植物继续处于CO浓度为0.003%的环境中，暗反应中C和C化合物浓度达到235稳定时，物质A的浓度将比B的________(低、高)。 (4)CO浓度为0.003%时，该植物光合速率最大时所需要的光照强度比CO浓度为1%时22的_______(高、低)，其原因_______。 29(【答案】(1)C化合物 (2)暗反应速率在该环境中已达到稳定，即C和C化合物335的含量稳定，根据暗反应的特点，此时C化合物的分子数是C化合物的2倍 35 当CO浓度突然降低时，C化合物的合成速率不变，消耗速率却减慢，导致C化合物积累 255 (3)高 (4)低 CO浓度低时，暗反应的强度低，所需的ATP和[H]少 2 【解析】本题主要考查光合作用的影响因素及识图能力的相关知识。(1)CO浓度降低后，2直接影响暗反应中CO的固定，导致C化合物的量减少，确定物质A是C化合物，物质B是233C化合物。?CO浓度为1,时，暗反应速率在该环境中已达到稳定，即C和C化合物的含量5235稳定，根据暗反应的特点，此时C化合物的分子数是C化合物的2倍;当CO浓度突然降低时，352C化合物的合成速率不变，消耗速率却减慢，导致C化合物积累。?CO浓度为0.003,时，552 C和C化合物的浓度保持稳定后，暗反应保持稳定，此时仍根据暗反应中CO的固定的反应式352确定，C化合物的量应是C化合物的量的2倍。?CO浓度降低，达到最大光合速率时所需的352 光照强度降低，因为暗反应减弱，所需的ATP和[H]减少，光反应强度减弱。 30.(10分)回答问题: (1)人体肝细胞可产生一种分泌蛋白(称为蛋白A)，运出细胞后进入血液。已知内质网、 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-- 45 - 核糖体和高尔基体参与了蛋白A的合成或运输，则这些细胞器在蛋白A合成和运输过程中行使功能的顺序是______、_______、________。人体的胰岛细胞中________(含有、不含有)蛋白A基因 。 (2)为了研究小鼠在接受大肠杆菌碱性磷酸酶(AKP)刺激后其体内抗体水平的变化，提取大肠杆菌AKP，注射到小白鼠腹腔内，进行第一次免疫。一段时间后，检测到抗体水平达到峰值。在这个过程中，_________细胞在淋巴因子的作用下增值、分化形成的_______细胞可以产生抗体。经过一段时间后，再用大肠杆菌AKP进行第二次免疫，________可以快速增殖、分化并产生大量抗体。上述免疫属于__________(特异性、非特异性)免疫。 30(【答案】(1)核糖体 内质网 高尔基体 含有 (2)B 浆 记忆 特异性 【解析】本题考查分泌蛋白的合成与运输及特异性免疫的过程的有关内容。?参与分泌蛋白的合成、运输的细胞器依次是核糖体、内质网和高尔基体;人体的体细胞中都含有人体内的全套基因，但是其各个细胞的功能不同是细胞分化的结果。?抗体的产生属于体液免疫，此过程中B淋巴细胞在淋巴因子的作用下增殖。分化成浆细胞，产生抗体;当抗原再次进入机体时，记忆细胞快速、大量的增殖、分化成浆细胞，产生抗体。 31.(12分)某岛屿栖息着狐和野兔，生态系统相对稳定。后来有人登岛牧羊、捕食野兔和狐，狐也捕食羊羔。第5年，岛上狐濒临灭绝，但野兔数量大大超过人登岛前的数量。第6年，野兔种群爆发了由兔瘟热病毒引起的瘟疫，其数量骤减。回答问题: (1)人与狐的种间关系是______ ,兔瘟热病毒与野兔的种间关系是________。 (2)画出由人、羊、狐、野兔和牧草组成的食物网。 (3)人登岛后的第5年，与登岛前相比，野兔种内竞争强度________(增加、减小、不变) (4)一般情况下，被捕食者传染病的流行程度将随捕食者种群密度的增加而(增强、减弱、不变) )竞争和捕食 寄生 (2)如图所示 (3)增加 (4)减弱 31(【答案】(1 【解析】本题考查生态系统中的种间关系的有关知识。?人登岛捕食狐，同时人和狐都以野兔和羊为食，因此人与狐的种间关系是竞争和捕食，病毒营寄生生活，兔瘟热病毒与野兔之间是寄生关系。?如图所示。?人登岛后的第5年，由于狐濒临灭绝，野兔的天敌减少，数量大大增加，食物和空间等条件有限，种内斗争加剧。?题干信息可以看出，捕食者增加，可以使被捕食者数量维持在一个较稳定的水平，且生存能力增强，传染病的流行程度将会减弱。 32.(8分)某植物红花和白花这对相对性状同时受多对等位基因控制(如A 、a ;B 、b ;C、 c „„),当个体的基因型中每对等位基因都至少含有一个显性基因时(即A_B_C_......)才开红花，否则开白花。现有甲、乙、丙、丁4个纯合白花品系，相互之间进行杂交，杂交组合、后代表现型及其比例如下: 92 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525- 46 - 根据杂交结果回答问题: (1)这种植物花色的遗传符合哪些遗传定律, (2)本实验中，植物的花色受几对等位基因的控制，为什么, 32(【答案】(1)基因的自由组合定律和基因的分离定律(或基因的自由组合定律) (2)4对 ?本实验中乙×丙和甲×丁两个杂交组合中，F代中红色个体占全部个体的比例为2481/(81+175)=81/256=(3/4)，依据n对等位基因自由组合且完全显性时，F代中显性个体的2n比例是(3/4)，可判断这两对杂交组合涉及4对等位基因 ?综合杂交组合的实验结果，可进一步判断乙×丙和甲×丁两个杂交组合中的4对等位基因相同 【解析】本题考查孟德尔的遗传定律的应用的相关知识。?由各组杂交组合的后代的性状及比例看出遵循孟德尔的遗传定律，即遵循了基因的自由组合定律和基因的分离定律。?题干中个体基因型中每对等位基因至少含有一个先行基因时才开红花，否则百花。本实验中乙×丙和甲×丁两个杂交组合中，F代中红色个体占全部个体的比例为2481/(81+175)=81/256=(3/4)，依据自由组合的计算规律，n对等位基因自由组合且完全显性 n时，F代中显性个体的比例是(3/4)，可判断这两对杂交组合涉及4对等位基因，综合杂交组2 合的实验结果，进一步分析各对组合的结果，确定乙×丙和甲×丁两个杂交组合中的蛾对等位基因相同。 (二)选考题:共45分。请考生从给出的2道生物题中每科任选一题做答，如果多做，则每学科按所做的第一题计分。 39(【生物 ——选修1:生物技术实践】(15分) 有些细菌可分解原油，从而消除由原油泄漏造成的土壤污染。某同学欲从受原油污染的土壤中筛选出高效降解原油的菌株。回答问题: (1)在筛选过程中，应将土壤样品稀释液接种于以 为唯一碳源的固体培养基上，从功能上讲，该培养基属于 培养基。 (2)纯化菌种时，为了得到单菌落，常采用的接种方法有两种，即 和 。 (3)为了筛选出高效菌株，可比较单菌落周围分解圈的大小，分解圈说明该菌株的降解能力 。 (4)通常情况下，在微生物培养过程中常用的灭菌方法有灼烧灭菌、 和 。无菌技术要求实验操作应在酒精灯 附近进行，以避免周围环境中微生物的污染。 39. 【答案】(1)原油 选择 (2)平板划线法 稀释涂布平板法 (3)强 (4)干 热灭菌 高压蒸汽灭菌 火焰 【解析】?该同学筛选能降解原油的菌株，可以将样品稀释液置于以原油为唯一碳源的固体培养基中培养，该培养基功能上属于选择培养基。?菌株的接种方法，常用的有两种: -92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708- 47 - 平板划线法和稀释涂布平板法。?菌株分解周围的营养物质，出现分解圈，分解圈大说明该菌株的降解能力强。?实验室常用的灭菌方法有灼烧灭菌、干热灭菌和高压蒸汽灭菌;微生物的培养要求严格的无菌技术，操作时在酒精灯火焰附近进行，避免周围其他细菌的污染。 40([生物——选修3;现代生物科技专题](15分) 现有一生活污水净化处理系统，处理流程为“厌氧沉淀池曝光池兼氧池植物池”，,,,其中植物池中生活着水生植物、昆虫、鱼类、蛙类等生物。污水经净化处理后，可用于浇灌绿地。回答问题: (1)污水流经厌氧沉淀池、曝气池和兼氧池后得到初步净化。在这个过程中，微生物通过 呼吸将有机物分解。 (2)植物池中，水生植物、昆虫、鱼类、蛙类和底泥中的微生物共同组成了 (生态系统、群落、种群)。在植物池的食物网中，植物位于第 营养级。植物池中所有蛙类获得的能量最终来源于 所固定的 能。 (3)生态工程所遵循的基本原理有整体性、协调与平衡、 和 等原理 (4)一般来说，生态工程的主要任务是对 进行修复，对造成环境污染和破坏的生产方式进行改善，并提高生态系统的生产力。 40(【答案】(1)无氧和有氧(或细胞) (2)群落 一 生产者 太阳 (3)物质循环再生 物种多样性 (4)已被破坏的生态环境(或受损的生态环境) 【解析】?在厌氧沉淀池、曝气池和兼氧池中，微生物通过无氧呼吸和有氧呼吸分解有机物。?生物群落包括该环境内的所有植物、动物、微生物;在食物网(或食物链)中，植物是生产者，属于第一营养级，生态系统中生物的能量最终来源于生产者所固定的太阳能。?生态工程遵循的基本原理有整体性、协调与平衡、物质循环再生和物种多样性等原理。?生态工程的主要任务是对已被破坏的生态环境进行修复，对造成环境污染和破坏的生产方式进行改善，并提高生态系统的生产力。 2011年高考新课标理综——生物试题 bobtina.com哈尔滨市第三十二中学校 甘雨波 1、将人的红细胞放入4?蒸馏水中，一段时间后红细胞破裂，主要原因是 ( ) A、红细胞膜具有水溶性 B、红细胞的液泡体积增大 C、蒸馏水大量进入红细胞 D、低温时红细胞膜流动性增大 【答案】C 【解析】红细胞会吸水涨破的原因是由于水分子进入红细胞，而细胞膜是选择透过性膜，内部的血红蛋白不能出膜，从而导致进入红细胞的水分子大于从红细胞中出去的水分子，最终吸水涨破。 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222- 48 - 【评价】本题考察中4?是一个小骗局，容易误导学生选择D。但是本题的考察难度比较低，因此通常学生都可以很容易作答。 2、 甲、乙两种酶用同一种蛋白酶处理，酶活性与处理时间的关系如右图所示。下列分析错误的是 ( ) A、甲酶能够抗该种蛋白酶降解 B、甲酶不可能是具有催化功能的RNA C、乙酶的化学本质为蛋白质 D、乙酶活性的改变是因为其分子结构的改变 【答案】B 【解析】乙酶的活性随着受蛋白酶处理的时间延长而降低，因此可知乙酶的分子结构等被蛋白酶所破坏，而甲酶却没有被影响，可能是甲酶能抗该种蛋白酶，也可能是因为甲酶是RNA。 【评价】关于酶的图像本题的考察方式是一个突破，而且考察了酶的本质——绝大多数酶是蛋白质，极少数酶是RNA。但是本题的考察点并不难，因此学生较容易得分。 3.番茄幼苗在缺镁的培养液中培养一段时间后，与对照组相比，其叶片光合作用强度下降，原因是 ( ) A.光反应强度升高，暗反应强度降低 B光反应强度降低，暗反应强度降低 C光反应强度不变，暗反应强度降低 D光反应强度降低，暗反应强度不变 【答案】B welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-- 49 - 【解析】镁是合成叶绿素的重要组成元素，缺少镁会导致叶绿素合成减少，从而使光合作用光反应减弱，同时光反应为暗反应提供[H]、ATP，因此也会使得暗反应强度减弱。 【评价】镁元素的功能，叶绿素的功能都很容易答出，但是学生分析的时候很可能会选择D，忽略了暗反应强度也会改变的部分，因为感觉上叶绿素与暗反应无关，因此会有一些同学选错。 4.撕取紫色洋葱外表皮，分为两份，假定两份外表皮细胞的大小、数目和生理状态一致，一份在完全营养液中浸泡一段时间，浸泡后的外表皮称为甲组;另一份在蒸馏水中浸泡相同的时间，浸泡后 的外表皮称为乙组。然后，两组外表皮都用浓度为0.3g/mL的蔗糖溶液处理，一段时间后表皮细胞中的水分不再减少。此时甲乙两组细胞水分渗出量的大小，以及水分运出细胞的方式是 A. 甲组细胞的水分渗出量与乙组细胞的相等，主动运输 B. 甲组细胞的水分渗出量比乙组细胞的高，主动运输 C. 甲组细胞的水分渗出量比乙组细胞的低，被动运输 D. 甲组细胞的水分渗出量与乙组细胞的相等，被动运输 【答案】C 【解析】本题考了物质跨膜运输及质壁分离的实验的原理。甲组在完全培养液中浸泡，表皮细胞会吸收完全培养液中的一些矿质元素，从而使得细胞液浓度升高;乙组在蒸馏水中浸泡，表皮细胞会吸水，使得细胞液浓度降低。将两组细胞均放入蔗糖溶液中时，甲组细胞渗出的水量比乙组低。而第二问题，比较具有迷惑性，水分子进出细胞膜的方式是自由扩散。 【评价】本题的阅读量比较大，学生可能因为阅读不认真而忽略一些关键点，同时最后一问具有迷惑性。 5.人在恐惧、紧张时，在内脏神经的支配下，肾上腺髓质释放的肾上腺素增多，该激素可作用于心脏，使心率加快。下列叙述错误的是 A. 该肾上腺素作用的靶器官包括心脏 B.该实例包含神经调节和体液调节 -inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708- 50 - C. 该肾上腺素通过神经纤维运输到心脏 D. 该实例中反射弧是实现神经调节的结构基础 【答案】C 【解析】激素通过血液循环运输到全身，因此C选项具有明显的错误。 【评价】B选项中很多学生认为只有体液调节，其实在前半句话中就已经体现了神经调节的作用，这是内环境调节的考察中比较简单的方式。 6.下表中根据实验目的，所选用的试剂与预期的实验结果正确的是 实验目的 试剂 预期的实验结果 A 观察根尖分生组织细胞的有丝分裂 醋酸洋红 染色体被染成紫红色 B 检测植物组织中的脂肪 双缩脲试剂 脂肪颗粒被染成红色 葡萄糖与甲基绿作用，生成绿C 检测植物组织中的葡萄糖 甲基绿 色沉淀 婓林试剂 婓林试剂将DNA染成绿色，吡D 观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布 吡罗红 罗红将RNA染成红色 【答案】A 【解析】脂肪应用苏丹IV染液鉴定染成红色;葡萄糖需要用斐林试剂进行鉴定，产生砖红色沉淀;DNA用甲基绿检测，呈现绿色。 【评价】本题所考内容是平时复习中重点内容，应该将各种物质及鉴定试剂、现象总结，所以这仅仅是一个小检测，所以难度很低。 29.(9分) 在光照等适条件下，将培养在浓度为1%的环境中的某植物迅速转移到浓度为0.003% 的环境中，其叶片暗反应中和化合物微摩尔浓度的变化趋势如下图。回答下列问题: 89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -- 51 - (1)图中物质A是 (化合物或化合物) (2)在浓度为1%的环境中，物质B的浓度比A的低，原因是 ;将浓度从 1%迅速降低到0.003%后，物质浓度升高的原因是 。 (3)若是该物质继续处于浓度为0.003%的环境中，暗反应中和化合物浓度达到稳 定时，物质A的浓度比B的 (低、高) (4) 浓度为0.003%时，该物质光合速率最大时所需要的光照强度比浓度为0.1%时的 (低、高)，其原因是 。 【答案】 (1)C化合物 3 (2)暗反应速率在该环境中已达到稳定，即C化合物和C化合物的含量稳定。根据35暗反应特点，此时C化合物的分子数是C化合物的两倍。 35 当CO浓度突然降低时，C化合物的合成速率不变，而消耗速率却减慢，导致C化合物255积累。 (3)高 (4)低 CO浓度低时，暗反应的强度低，所需的ATP和,H,少 2 【解析】CO降低会导致C化合物减少，C化合物升高，因此A物质是C化合物，B物2355质是C化合物。 3 【评价】本题需要学生对光合作用的过程图有一定的了解，能够清晰的分析各种条件之间的关系。 2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-- 52 - 30.(10分) 回答问题: (1)人体肝细胞可产生一种分泌蛋白(称为蛋白A)，运出细胞后进入血液。已知内质网、核糖体和高尔基体参与了蛋白A的合成或运输，则这些细胞器在蛋白A合成和运输过程中行使功能的顺序是________、________ 、__________。人体的胰岛细胞中_______(含有、不含有、)蛋白A基因。 (2)为了研究小鼠在接受大肠杆菌碱性磷酸酶(AKP)刺激后其体内抗体水平的变化，提取大肠杆菌AKP，注射到小鼠腹腔内，进行第一次免疫。一段时间后，检测到抗体水平达到峰值。在这个过程中，________细胞在淋巴因子的作用下增殖、分化形成的_______细胞可以产生抗体。经过一段时间后，再用大肠杆菌AKP进行第二次免疫，________细胞可以快速增殖、分化并产生大量抗体。上述免疫属于_______(特异性、非特异性)免疫。 【答案】 (1)核糖体、内质网、高尔基体、含有 (2)B、浆、记忆、特异性 【解析】分泌蛋白的合成、加工、分泌的过程需要经过:核糖体?内质网?高尔基体?细胞膜，而每个体细胞都含有该种生物的全部基因，但是不同的组织的细胞所含有的蛋白质不同，这是基因选择性表的的结果。 -welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730- 53 - 在体液免疫过程中，T淋巴细胞产生淋巴因子刺激B细胞增殖分化形成浆细胞(效应B细胞)和记忆细胞，而在抗原再次进入机体的时候，记忆细胞可以迅速的增殖分化形成浆细胞并产生抗体。 【评价】这道题的难度有点太低了，特别是(1)部分，将核糖体、内质网、高尔基体分别给了学生，只需要进行排序即可，真的是有点超乎想象。而(2)小题则仅仅考察了体液免疫的过程，并没有太难的内容。 31. (12分) 某岛栖息着狐和野兔，生态系统相对稳定。后来有人登岛牧羊、捕食野兔和狐，狐也捕食羊羔。第5年，岛上狐濒临灭绝，但野兔数量大大超过人登岛前得数量。第6年，野兔种群暴发了由兔瘟热病毒引起的瘟疫，其数量骤减。回答问题: (1)人与狐的种间关系是__________,兔瘟热病毒与野兔的种间关系是__________. (2)画出由人、羊、狐、野兔和牧草组成的食物网。 (3)人登岛后的第5年，与登岛前比，野兔种内竞争强度_________(增加、减小、不变) (4)一般情况下，被捕食者传染病的流行程度将随捕食者种群密度的增加而_________(增加、减小、不变) 【答案】 (1)捕食和竞争 寄生 (2) (3)增加 (4)减弱 2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-- 54 - 【解析】首先根绝题意可以绘制一下食物网关系，那么可以明显的看出人和狐既有捕食关系，又同时以羊、野兔为食，存在竞争关系。病毒与对应的生物的关系属于寄生。人登岛第5年时，由于狐灭绝，所以野兔的数量会有所增加，从而导致种内竞争增强。 【评价】本题的难度不高，仅有(4)问相对较难，捕食者种群密度增加会对被捕食者的种群进行了自然选择，会提升被捕食者生存能力，这叫相对进化，而这样就会使得被捕食者的传染病的流行程度降低。本空填写有一点难度。 32.(8分) 某植物红花和白花这对相对性状同时受多对等位基因控制 (如A、a; B、b; C、c??? ???)。当个体的基因型中每对等位基因都至少含有一个显性基因时(即A-B-C-??? ???)才开红花，否则开白花。现有甲、乙、丙、丁4个纯合白花品系，相互之间进行杂交，杂交组合、后代表现型及其比例如下: 根据杂交结果回答问题: (1)这种植物花色的遗传符合哪些遗传定律, (2)本实验中，植物的花色受几对等位基因的控制，为什么, 【答案】 (1)基因的分离定律、基因的自由组合定律(基因的自由组合定律) (2)4对。?本实验的乙×丙和甲×丁两个杂交组合中，F代中红色个体占全部个体2 4的比例为81/(81，175),81/256,(3/4)，根据n对等位基因自由组合且完全显 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345- 55 - n性时，后代中显性个体的比例是(3/4)，可判断这两个杂交组合都涉及到四对等位基因。?综合杂交组合的实验结果，可进一步判断乙×丙和甲×丁两个杂交组合涉及的四对等位基因相同。 【解析】多对性状的遗传，肯定要遵循基因的自由组合定律。 【评价】高考真的没法猜，很多时候已经不敢相信今年还会再考多对性状的遗传实验了，但是想想遗传也只能考这个内容了，曾经跟学生说过，三对相对性状已经考了N次了，很可能要开始考四对相对性状了，结果今年就来了～四对相对性状的比值应该 4是(3:1)。 39.[生物—选修1:生物技术实践](15分) 有些细菌可分解原油，从而消除由原油泄漏造成的土壤污染。某同学欲从污染的土壤中筛选出能高效降解原油的菌株。回答问题: (1)在筛选过程中，应将土壤样品稀释液接种于以__________为唯一碳源的固体培养基上，从功能上讲，该培养基属于________培养基。 (2)纯化菌种时，为了得到单菌落，常采用的接种方法有两种，即________和____________。 (3)为了筛选出高效菌株，可比较单菌落周围分解圈的大小，分解圈大说明该菌株的降解能力_________________。 (4)通常情况下，在微生物培养过程中，实验室常用的灭菌方法有灼烧灭菌、_______和__________。无菌技术要求实验操作应在酒精灯___________附近进行，以避免周围环境中微生物的污染。 40.[生物———选修3:现代生物科技专题](15分) 现有一生活污水净化处理系统，处理流程为“厌氧沉淀池?曝气池?兼氧池?植物池”。其中植物池中生活着水生植物、昆虫、鱼类、蛙类等生物。污水经净化处理后，可用于浇灌绿地。回答问题: (1)污水流厌氧沉淀池、曝气池和兼氧池后得到初步的净化，在这个过程中，微生物通过_______呼吸将有机物分解。 -2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2- 56 - (2)植物池中，水生植物、昆虫、鱼类、蛙类和底泥中的微生物共同组成了________(生态系统、群落、种群)。在植物池的食物网中，植物位于第______营养级。植物池中所有蛙类获得的能量最终来源于_____所固定的______能。 (3)生态工程所遵循的基本原理有整体性、协调与平衡、______-和________等原理。 (4)一般来说，生态工程的主要任务是对__________进行修复，对造成环境污染和破坏的生产方式进行改善，并提高生态系统的生产力。 【答案】 (1)原油 选择 (2)平板划线法 稀释涂布平板法 (3)强 (4)干热灭菌 高压蒸汽灭菌 火焰 【解析】类似于教材中“分解纤维素的微生物的分离”的实验，结合微生物类实验的操作，可以很容易的作答。 【评价】本题的难度谈不上，因为在学习选修I的时候，我就把宝压在了微生物培养这一块，而这样的题可以说我们做了N多次，除了没有考石油，其他可能考的都做了一遍，因此感觉难度很低。另外对于题干中的“唯一”有一点建议，现在(九十年代以后)各大报刊杂志等都不在使用了，而且国家文字委员会建议使用“惟一”来替换“唯一”，看来高考还是不够与时俱进呀～ 40.[生物——选修3:现代生物技术专题](15分) 现有一生活污水净化处理系统，处理流程为“厌氧沉淀池?曝气池?兼氧池?植物池”，其中植物池中生活着水生植物、昆虫、鱼类、蛙类等生物。污水经净化处理后，可用于浇灌绿地。回答问题: (1)污水流经厌氧沉淀池、曝气池、兼氧池后得到初步净化，在这个过程中，微生物通过______________呼吸将有机物分解。 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-- 57 - (2)植物池中，水生植物、昆虫、鱼类、蛙类和底泥中的微生物共同组成了______________(生态系统、群落、种群)。在植物池的食物网中，植物位于第______________营养级。植物池中所有蛙类获得的能量最终来源于______________所固定的______________能。 (3)生态工程所遵循的基本原理有整体性、协调与平衡、______________和______________等原理。 (4)一般来说，生态工程主要任务是对______________进行修复，对造成环境污染和破坏的生产方式进行改善，并提高生态系统的生产力。 【答案】 (1)有氧和无氧(或细胞) (2)群落 一 生产者 太阳 (3)物质循环再生 物种多样性 (4)已被破坏的生态环境(或受损的生态系统) 【解析】厌氧沉淀池、曝气池、兼氧池的处理，既包括为微生物的有氧呼吸，又包括微生物的无氧呼吸，因此本空答细胞呼吸最恰当。植物池中的各种生物构成了群落。生态系统所遵循的基本原理有物质循环再生原理、物种多样性原理、协调与平衡原理、整体性原理、系统学和工程学原理(系统的结构决定功能原理、系统整体性原理)。 【评价】如果说这是一道选修III的题，那么惟一能说服我的就是(3)和(4)两小问。(4)的问题有点让学生摸不着头脑，因为感觉后面的内容又有重复，所以可能一些心思缜密的学生反而不敢轻易作答。其实在复习的时候就很担心选修III会出生态，因为很多时候选III的讲解中注重的程度是胚胎工程>细胞工程>基因工程>>生态工程，因为感觉生态工程的部分不容易讲解，更有点接近选I的特点。所以我们学校的“一颗红心 两手准备”的做法应该说是在本次考试中“成全了选I，略亏待了选III” 答案: 1—6 CBBCCA 29((9分) (1)C化合物 3 GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-- 58 - 和C化合物的含理稳定。根据暗反应的特点，此时C化合物的分(2)暗反应速率在该环境中已达到稳定，即C3 5 3 子数是C化合物的2倍。 35 当CO浓度突然降低时，C化合物的合成速率不变，消耗却减慢，导致C化合物积累。 255 (3)高 (4)低 CO浓度低时，暗反应的强度低，所需ATP和[H]少 2 30((10分 (1)核糖体 内质网 高尔基体 含有 (2)B 浆 记忆 特异性 31((12分) (1)竞争和捕食 寄生 (2) (3)增加 (4)减弱 32((8分) (1)基因的自由组合定律和基因的分离定律(或基因的自由组合定律) (2)4对 4?本实验的乙×丙和甲×丁两个杂交组合中，F代中红色个体占全部个体的比例为81/(81+175)=81/256=(3/4)，2 4 根据n对等位基因自由组合且完全显性时，F代时显性个体的比例为(3/4)，可判断这两个杂交组合中都涉及到42 对等位基因。?综合杂交组合的实验结果，可进一步判断乙×丙和甲×丁两个杂交组合中所涉及的4对等位基因相 同。 39((15分) (1)原油 选择 (2)平板划线法 稀释涂布平板法 92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ2222002 -89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-andards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323n team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction st1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and constructio-dership, along with 500strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of lea100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-bility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsi-company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the accident and the respo98 compressor, fan-cal equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mechani-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ -98 2 GB50128-equipment installation engineering 1 GB150 2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 8 JB4730-welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/47092000 of -2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-- 59 - (3)强 (4)干热灭菌 高压蒸汽灭菌 火焰 40((15分) (1)无氧和有氧(或细胞) (2)群落 一 生产者 太阳 (3)物质循环再生 物种多样性 (4)已被破坏的生态环境(或受损的生态系统) -2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-GB11345 Ray lighting and quality rating of 2-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-ifications, serial number a 1 GB3323ion team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and spec1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construct-th 500inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along wi 100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500nel Department of the company. (3) personal accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the person98 compressor, fan-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-n and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T47352005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for constructio-98 2 GB50128-ing 1 GB1502000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineer-NDT 9 JB/T4744 2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel-2000 8 JB4730-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-inium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH352592 technical specification for welding of alum- 60 -