在你尚未弄清楚邀请的具体内容之前

在你尚未弄清楚邀请的具体之前 Unit 1 Invitations I. Periods : Total Periods: 8 Period1-2 Section ? Passage1 Period3-4 Section ? Passage2 Section ? Period5-6 Section ?. Section? Period7-8 Test Yourself / Topic Test II. Content: ?Intensive Reading -- Passage1 Are You really being invited? ?Extensive Reading-- Passage2 An invitation letter ?Writing -- invitation cards or letters ?Listening & Speaking – Dialogues III. Aims and Demands: 1. What You Should Know About: Invitation culture of Western and Chinese 2. Making a written invitation: Writing an invitation card or a letter for: personal invitation; official occasions 3. Making an oral invitation: Inviting people to join in daily activities; Inviting people to formal occasions VI. Main & Hard Points: ?Main Points: the useful expressions & sentence patterns about making an oral/ written invitation ?Hard Points: Writing an invitation card or a letter for official occasions V. Teaching Methods: Interactions; Listening & Speaking VI. Teaching Tool: Multimedia classroom VII. Teaching Steps: Session1. Passage 1 Are You Really Being Invited? I. Periods : 2 II. Content: Intensive Reading -- Passage1 Are You really being invited? III. Aims and Demands: To know about: invitation culture of Western and Chinese VI. Main & Hard Points: Main Points: Comprehension of the text Hard Points: the Useful expressions & sentence patterns V. Teaching Methods: Interactions; Listening & Speaking VI. Teaching Tool: Multimedia classroom VII. Teaching Steps: Step1 Lead in: 1. Do different country vary in their customs when people invite friends?---Yes. For example, In China, if someone invite a friend to a restaurant for dinner, it is the inviter who pays the bill, while in western countries, people often go dutch (each one pays his or her own check). 2. Customs of inviting friends The customs of inviting friends vary from country to country. Generally speaking, on formal occasions, the invitation is usually made well in advance. But as for some informal cases, the invitation is usually made orally. To either of these two invitations, the person being invited should give a clear reply whether the invitation is accepted or not. Step 2 Questions for Group Discussion ( page8-9 Read and Think ) Step 3 Intensive Study 1. „you are not required to commit yourself until you know what the invitation is for. ( Para. 1) 在你尚未弄清楚邀请的具体内容之前,你没有必要答应一定参加. Analysis: 1) Not ---until e.g Once he starts a job he won’t stop until it?s finished. Don?t move until I tell you. 2) commit oneself to sth./doing sth.: promise to do sth. e.g The government claimed to commit itself to improving health care. If you want to be an actor, you must really commit yourself to it 2. For example, if you say that you?re free and the invitation turns out to be something you?d hate to do, then you will be in a position to take back your acceptance or invent an excuse later.比如说，如果你说有空，而邀请参加的却是你不 愿意做的事(到你已经去过十次的当地景点旅游)，那么你就可以回绝邀请，或者以后再编 一个借口。be in a position to: can e.g If you learn certain a skill well, you?ll be in a position to find a good job in the future. 3. In many instances it is the inviter who pays.在许多情况下，应由邀请人付帐单。 Analysis: This emphatic sentence takes the structure of “it is…who/that…” e.g It was my uncle who sent me the parcel. 4.…it may be more of a suggestion than an invitation…这样说更像是建议，而不是 邀请… e.g She?s more of a poet than a musician. Step 4 Analysis of the Text How many Parts does the Passage fall into? Division Main idea How to deal with or decline an invitation that you don’t like to Para. 1 accept. Para. 2-4 The etiquette of inviting people to eat out in a restaurant in the United States. Para. 5 How to distinguish between an invitation and a ritual expression of parting. Step5 Assignment (p9-11) Notes after classes(教学后记): The students? basis is very poor, they even can?t read the words, and the are very passive in study, they seldom preview the texts before classes. We have to cultivate their habit of independent / Autonomous learning. Session2. Passage 2; Applied Writing; I. Periods : 2 II. Content: Extensive Reading-- Passage2 An invitation letter Applied Writing -- invitation cards or letters III. Aims and Demands: To know about making a written invitation about personal invitation/official occasions VI. Main & Hard Points: ?Main Points: the Useful expressions & sentence patterns about making an written invitation ?Hard Points: Writing an invitation card or a letter for official occasions V. Teaching Methods: Interactions; Listening & Speaking VI. Teaching Tool: Multimedia classroom VII. Teaching Steps: Step1 Passage 2 1.Information related to the passage This is an informal invitation letter between friends. The tone of this letter is casual. The language is not so formal. This kind of informal invitation letter is often written in the second person. For example, “in the hope that it will be possible for you both to spend a few days with us during your stay in England.” “and it would be nice if you could come then, too.” But formal invitation letter is usually written in the first person. 2. Understanding an Invitation Letter Who invites whom? What is the aim of the invitation? On what occasion is the invitation given? When and where is the event to be held? Is a reply to the invitation needed? Do “Read and judge” Exercises at Page12 3. Explanation of Difficult Sentences ? It seems ages since we heard from you.似乎很长时间没有收到你的信了。 Analysis: It seems age since…means “It seems a long time since…” Example: It seems ages since I saw you in Shanghai. ? So I am writing straightway---to make sure this reaches you well before you leave Shanghai---in the hope that it will be possible for you both to spend a few days with us during your stay in England.所以我马上写信，好让你在离开上 希望你们俩能在英格兰逗留期间和我们一起住几天。目的 海之前肯定收到这封信—— Example: I am sending this card to you today---to make sure you receive it before the Christmas Day. ? I imagine you will be spending Christmas itself with your parents, but surely you will have some time after that before your Christmas holidays end.我猜 想你将在你的父母家过圣诞节，但肯定在你的圣诞节假日结束之前还会有一些时间。 Example: These children surely deserve something better than a life on the streets. ? I am still working for Sanderson?s and liking it well enough-though occasionally pining for the footloose days of long ago.我还在桑德森公司工作， 而且工作很称心——虽然偶尔我也渴望从前自由自在的日子(让步状语从句) Example: They are working happily with Kent?s, though sometimes pining for the footloose school days. Step2 Applied writing:Invitation letter Useful sentences: 1. We have pleasure in inviting you to … 2. We would appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience. 3. Thank you for your letter and I am pleased to confirm my participation. 4. I would be grateful if you could send me further details about the program. 5. I look forward to attending … 6. 请柬的写法:先是写邀请人的姓名，前面需带称谓或头街。request the pleasure (honor)of the presence of是套语，邀请别人跳舞、吃饭等也可用request the pleasure(honor)of the company of，有时不必写明被邀人就用request the honor (pleasure)of your presence， request the pleasure(honor)of your company。 套语后是被邀请人的姓名，也需带称谓或头街。接着写邀请的具体内容，然后是时间。 时间安排的顺序是星期几，几月几日，年和点钟，数字都要用英语数字写，不能用阿拉 伯数字写，最后是地点。R.S.V.P.是法语缩略词，意思是“请赐复～”(A reply is requested～) Invitation Card The students' union of the English department requests the honor of the company of Mr. ,Mrs. Hillman at the English Evening on Saturday，the sixth of August nineteen ninety-nine at four P(M( Room One Zero Two，Classroom Building Huzhou Teachers College R(S(V(P( 请柬 兹定于1999年6月8日星期六下午四时在湖州师院教学楼102室举行英语晚会，恭请希尔曼先生夫人大驾光临。 英语系学生会 Step3 Grammar: Direct and Indirect Sentence 一、如何变人称:一随主, 二随宾，第三人称不更新 “一随主”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "?She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可 以用第一人称，如:He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" ?He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:Mr. Smith said。 "Jack is a good "?Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker。 worker。 二、如何变时态: 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时态需改为过去时态;过去时态改为完成时;过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如: 1)She said. "I have lost a pen." ?She said she had lost a pen 2)She said. "We hope so." ?She said they hoped so. 3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"?She said he would go to see his friend。 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 ?直接引语是客观真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. ? The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ?直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如: Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"? Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 ?直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如: Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" ? Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 ?直接引语如果是一般现在时。示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如: He said, "I get up at six every morning。" ? He said he gets up at six every morning。 ?如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例:ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，(例:could, should, would, might)不再变。如: Peter said. "You had better come have today。" ? Peter said I had better go there that day。 三、如何变状语: 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”(例:now 变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before)地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示 代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”(例:this 改为that),如: He said, "These books are mine." ?He said those books were his. 四、如何变句型: ?直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如:She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes." ?She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. ?直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或 if引导的宾语从句.如:He said, "Can you swim, John?" ?He asked John if he could swim. "You have finished the homework, haven„t you?" my mother asked. ? My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" ? He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. ?直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾 语从句必须用陈述句语序)。 She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"? She asked me when they had their dinner. ?直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb. (not) to do sth."句型。如:"Don?t make any noise," she said to the children. ? She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. " Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she. ?She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. ?直接引语如果是以“Let„s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词(或 从句)。”如:He said, "Let?s go to the film." ?He suggested going to the film. 或He suggested that they should go to see the film. Step 4 Assignment: Do Exercises 7at P16 Write an invitation letter: 以娄底职院外语系的名义邀请文卫平教授10月20日来我院做关于跨文化交际的学术讲座。 Session3. Listening & Speaking I. Periods : 2 II. Content: Listening & Speaking – Dialogues III. Aims and Demands: To know about: Invitation culture of Western and Chinese Making an oral invitation: - Inviting people to join in daily activities; Inviting people to formal occasions VI. Main & Hard Points: ?Main Points: the Useful expressions & sentence patterns about making an oral invitation May I invite you to this dance? Could you come to a party at my place next Saturday? Come and join us for a nice chat. ?Hard Points: Listen & Respond V. Teaching Methods: Interactions; Listening & Speaking VI. Teaching Tool: Multimedia classroom VII. Teaching Steps: Step1. Lead in-- Invitation cards are often used for inviting people. Now let’s read the following sample cards and practice two short dialogues. Questions for understanding the first invitation card: 1.Who are the inviters? 2. Why are they going to hold a dinner party? 3. When are they going to hold the dinner party? 4. Where will the dinner party be held? Questions for understanding the second invitation card: 1. Who is the inviter? 2. Who is the person invited? 3. What activity is going to take place? Step2. Follow the Samples , Warm-up Questions 1 .Do you know how to make an invitation? A: Would you like to join us? B: Great. That would be superb. Congratulations A: Come and join us for a nice chat. B: OK, that would be marvelous. Thanks 2 .Do you know how to decline an invitation? A: We were thinking of asking you and Mr. Johnson to go to the Great Wall. B: I?d love to and I?m sure Mr. Johnson would, too. But I wonder if we could make it some other time if it is convenient for you. A: May I invite you to attend our debate ? B: Thank you, but I?m afraid I?ve arranged to go to a concert then. Get students to listen &repeat the dialogues, and memorize Useful expressions and sentences: What are you doing tomorrow evening? Nothing special drag sb. away from… How would you like to join us? Looking forward to it. What did you have in mind? Step3 Acting out 1. Get students to listen and repeat. 2. Explain some focal and difficult words and phrases. 3. Ask students to role play the conversations in pairs. Step4 Being All Ears Study the new words and expressions of this section. Instruct students to listen to the tape and fill in the blanks. Listen and Read: Step5 Assignment: 《 Guide to Learning and Examination》Unit 1 Test Yourself Session 4 Topic Test I. Periods : 2 II. Content: Test Yourself / Topic Test III. Aims and Demands: Check the teaching effect, answering the question asked by students. VI. Main & Hard Points: ?Main Points: Acting Out ?Hard Points: Performance Record V. Teaching Methods: Interactions; Listening & Speaking VII. Teaching Activities Step1 Test Yourself Check the assignment, answering the question asked by students. Step2 Acting Out:The students form groups of 4 for role plays. In each group, two students role play an invitation, and the other two students make comments and help them improve their performance. Then they give their performance in class. Step3 Assignment: Prepare Unit Two.