Captain James Cook英文介绍

CaptainJamesCook英文介绍CaptainJamesCook詹姆斯·库克是18世纪英国最伟大的航海家和探险家之一。在他传奇般的一生里曾多次率队进行探险航行，尤其是他探索太平洋和南极洲的伟大航行为世界科学的发展做出了巨大的贡献。CaptainJamesCookwasaBritishexplorerandnavigator.BornonOctober27,1728,inapoorfamilyinMarten,Yorkshire,Britain,CookfinallyrosetotherankofCaptainintheRoyalNavy.Duringhislife,hecommandedthreevoyagesofdiscoveryforGreatBritain,andsailedaroundtheworldtwice.Hisvoyagesledtotheestablishmentofcolonies（殖民地）throughoutthePacificOceanbyseveralEuropeancountries.Atage18,hebecameanapprentice（学徒）toashippingcompany,andjoinedtheBritishNavyat27in1755.In1768,theNavyappointedhimleaderofascientificexpeditiontoTahiti,andhesetoutonhisfirstvoyageroundtheworldintheshipEndeavour,whichwasagreatsuccess.InOctober,1769,CookbecamethefirstEuropeantolandonNewZealand.OnAugust22,1770,heclaimedforGreatBritaintheeasterncoastofAustralia.AndduringhisreturntriptoEnglandin1771,Cookwasthefirstshipcommandertopreventtheoutbreakofscurvybyservinghismembersfruitandsauerkraut(泡菜)topreventtheillness.In1778,hebecamethefirstEuropeantoreachtheHawaiianIslands.Laterin1778,hesailedupthenorthwestcoastofNorthAmerica,andbecamethefirstEuropeantolandonVancouverIsland.Unfortunately,onFebruary14,1779,CookwaskilledbyHawaiiannativeswhileinvestigatingatheftofaboatbyanislander.Duringhisvoyage,Cookaccuratelycharted（绘海图）manyareasandrecordedseveralislandsandcoastlinesonEuropeans’mapsforthefirsttime.Hisachievementscanbeattributedtoacombinationofseamanship（航海技术),superiorsurveyingandcartographicskills,anabilitytoleadhismeninadverseconditions,andhiswillingnesstoexceedtheinstructionsgiventohimbytheNavy.Help:accuratelyadv. abletogivecompletelycorrectinformationortodosth.inanexactway精确地，准确地attributev.tosayorbelievethatsth.istheresultofaparticularthing归因于,归结于exceedv.todomorethanthelaworanorder,etc,allowsyoutodo 超越（法律、命令等）的限制