什么是博士

nullThe illustrated guide to a Ph.D. The illustrated guide to a Ph.D. http://matt.might.net/articles/phd-school-in-pictures/http://matt.might.net/Imagine a circle that contains all of human knowledge Imagine a circle that contains all of human knowledge 假设人类所有的知识，就是一个圆。圆的内部代已知，圆的外部代表未知。 By the time you finish elementary school, you know a little By the time you finish elementary school, you know a little 读完小学，你有了一些最基本的知识 By the time you finish high school, you know a bit more: By the time you finish high school, you know a bit more: 读完中学，你的知识又多了一点。 With a bachelor's degree, you gain a specialty: With a bachelor's degree, you gain a specialty: 读完本科，你不仅有了更多的知识，而且还有了一个专业方向 A master's degree deepens that specialty: A master's degree deepens that specialty: 读完硕士，你在专业上又前进了一大步。 Reading research papers takes you to the edge of human knowledge Reading research papers takes you to the edge of human knowledge 进入博士生阶段，你大量阅读文献，接触到本专业的最前沿。 Once you're at the boundary, you focus: Once you're at the boundary, you focus: 你选择边界上的一个点，也就是一个非常专门的问题，作为自己的主攻方向。 You push at the boundary for a few years You push at the boundary for a few years 你在这个点上苦苦思索，也许需要好几年 Until one day, the boundary gives way Until one day, the boundary gives way 终于有一天，你突破了这个点。 And, that dent you've made is called a Ph.D.: And, that dent you've made is called a Ph.D.: 你把人类的知识向前推进了一步，这时你就成为博士了。 Of course, the world looks different to you now: Of course, the world looks different to you now: 现在你就是最前沿，其他人都在你身后。 So, don't forget the bigger picture: So, don't forget the bigger picture: 但是，不要陶醉在这个点上，不要把整张图的样子忘了。 继续努力向前推进吧！ Keep pushing.