12月大学英语四级考试真题预测PartIWriting(30minutes)EducationPaysDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteALetterApplyingforaBankLoan.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese。 1.你旳基本状况 yourbasicinformation1 2.你申请贷款旳因素、数额及用途 youreasonfortheloan,theamountandpurpose 3.你如何保证专款专用以及你旳还款打算PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)TheMagician TherevolutionthatSteveJobsledisonlyjustbeginning Whenitcametoputtingonashow,nobodyelseinthecomputerindustry,oranyotherindustryforthatmatter,couldmatchSteveJobs.Hisproductlaunches,atwhichhewouldstandaloneonablackstageandproduceasifbymagican“incredible”newelectronicgadget(小器具)infrontofanamazedcrowd,weretheperformancesofamastershowman.Allcomputersdoisfetchandworkwithnumbers,heonceexplained,butdoitfastenoughand“theresultsappeartobemagic”.MrJobs,whodiedrecentlyaged56,spenthislifepackagingthatmagicintoelegantlydesigned,easy-to-useproducts. Thereactiontohisdeath,withpeopleleavingcandlesandflowersoutsideApplestoresandpoliticianssingingpraisesontheinternet,isproofthatMrJobshadbecomesomethingmuchmoresignificantthanjustaclevermoney-maker.Hestoodoutinthreeways-asatechnologist,asacorporate(公司旳)leaderandassomebodywhowasabletomakepeoplelovewhathadpreviouslybeenimpersonal,functionalgadgets.Strangely,itisthislastqualitythatmayhavethedeepesteffectonthewaypeoplelive.Theeraofpersonaltechnologyisinmanywaysjustbeginning. Asatechnologist,MrJobswasdifferentbecausehewasnotanengineer-andthatwashisgreatstrength.Insteadhewaskeenlyinterestedinproductdesignandaesthetics(美学),andinmakingadvancedtechnologysimpletouse.Herepeatedlytookanexistingbuthalf-formedidea-themouse-drivencomputer,thedigitalmusicplayer,thesmartphone,thetabletcomputer(平板电脑)-andshowedtherestoftheindustryhowtodoitproperly.Rivalfirmscompetedwitheachothertofollowwhereheled.Intheprocesshebroughtaboutgreatchangesincomputing,music,telecomsandthenewsbusinessthatwerepainfulforexistingfirmsbutwelcomedbymillionsofconsumers. Withinthewiderbusinessworld,amanwholikedtoseehimselfasahippy(嬉皮士),permanentlyinrevoltagainstbigcompanies,endedupbeinghailedbymanyofthosecorporategiantsasoneofthegreatestchiefexecutivesofhistime.Thatwaspartlyduetohistalents:showmanship,strategicvision,anastonishingattentiontodetailandadictatorialmanagementstylewhichmanybossesmusthaveenvied.Butmostofallitwastheextraordinarytrajectory(轨迹)ofhislife.Hisfallfromgraceinthe1980s,followedbyhisreturntoApplein1996afteraperiodinthewilderness,isaninspirationtoanybusinesspersonwhosecareerhastakenaturnfortheworse.ThewayinwhichMrJobsrevivedthefailingcompanyhehadco-foundedandturneditintotheworld’sbiggesttechfirm(biggereventhanBillGates’sMicrosoft,thecompanythathadoutsmartedApplesodramaticallyinthe1980s),soundslikesomethingfromaHollywoodmovie. ButwhatwasperhapsmostastonishingaboutMrJobswastheabsoluteloyaltyhemanagedtoinspireincustomers.ManyAppleusersfeelthemselvestobepartofacommunity,withMrJobsasitsleader.Andtherewasindeedapersonallink.Apple’sproductsweredesignedtoaccordwiththeboss’stastesandtomeethisextremelyhighstandards.EveryiPhoneorMacBookhashisfingerprintsalloverit.Hisgreatachievementwastocombineanemotionalsparkwithcomputertechnology,andmaketheresultingproductfeelpersonal.AndthatiswhatputMrJobsontherightsideofhistory,astechnologicalinnovation(创新)hasmovedintoconsumerelectronicsoverthepastdecade. Asourspecialreportinthisissue(printedbeforeMrJobs’sdeath)explains,innovationusedtospilloverfrommilitaryandcorporatelaboratoriestotheconsumermarket,butlatelythisprocesshasgoneintoreverse.Manypeople’shomesnowhavemorepowerful,andmoreflexible,devicesthantheirofficesdo;consumergadgetsandonlineservicesaresmarterandeasiertousethanmostcompanies’systems.Familiarconsumerproductsarebeingadoptedbybusinesses,governmentandthearmedforces.Companiesareemployingin-houseversionsofFacebookandcreatingtheirown“appstores”todeliversoftwaretoemployees.Doctorsusetabletcomputersfortheirworkinhospitals.Meanwhile,thenumberofconsumershungryforsuchgadgetscontinuestoswell.Apple’sproductsarenowbeingsnappedupinDelhiandDalianjustasinDublinandDallas. MrJobshadareputationasacontrolfreak(怪人),andhiscriticscomplainedthattheproductsandsystemshedesignedwereclosedandinflexible,inthenameofgreatereaseofuse.Yethealsoempoweredmillionsofpeoplebygivingthemaccesstocutting-edgetechnology.Hisinsistenceonputtingusersfirst,andfocusingoneleganceandsimplicity,hasbecomedeep-rootedinhisowncompany,andisspreadingtorivalfirmstoo.ItisnolongerjustatApplethatdesignersask:“WhatwouldSteveJobsdo?” ThegapbetweenAppleandothertechfirmsisnowlikelytonarrow.Thisweek’sannouncementofanewiPhonebyamanagementteamledbyTimCook,whoreplacedMrJobsaschiefexecutiveinAugust,wasgenerallyregardedascompetentbutuninspiring.WithoutMrJobstoshowerhisstardustontheevent,itfeltlikejustanotherproductlaunchfromjustanothertechnologyfirm.AttherecentunveilingofatabletcomputerbyJeffBezosofAmazon,whosecompanyisdoingthebestjoboffollowingApple’sleadincombininghardware,software,contentandservicesinaneasy-to-usebundle,therewereseveralattacksatApple.ButbydoinghisbesttoimitateMrJobs,MrBezosalsoflattered(抬举)him.WithMrJobsgone,Appleisjustoneofmanytechnologyfirmstryingtoarousehisuncontrollablespiritinnewproducts. MrJobswassaidbyanengineerintheearlyyearsofAppletoemita“realitydistortion(扭曲)field”,suchwerehispowersofpersuasion.Butintheendhecreatedarealityofhisown,channelingthemagicofcomputingintoproductsthatreshapedentireindustries.Themanwhosaidinhisyouththathewantedto“putadingintheuniverse”didjustthat. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1.WelearnfromthefirstparagraphthatnobodycouldmatchSteveJobsin. A)intelligenceC)magicpower B)showmanshipD)persuasionskills 2.WhatdidSteveJobsdothatmostdeeplyaffectedpeople’swayoflife? A)Heinventedlotsoffunctionalgadgets. B)Hekeptimprovingcomputertechnology. C)Hestartedtheeraofpersonaltechnology. D)Heestablishedanewstyleofleadership. 3.WheredidMrJobs’sgreatstrengthlie? A)Hisprofoundinsightaboutconsumers’needsingeneral. B)Hiskeeninterestindesigningelegantanduser-friendlygadgets. C)Hisfirmdeterminationtowininthecompetitionagainsthisrivals. D)Hisrichknowledgeasacomputerscientistandelectronicengineer. 4.ManycorporategiantssawSteveJobsas. A)oneofthegreatestchiefexecutivesofhistime B)adictatorinthecontemporarybusinessworld C)anunbeatablerivalinthecomputerindustry D)themostadmirablehippyintoday’sworld 5.Forthosewhohavesufferedfailuresinbusiness,SteveJobs’slifeexperienceservesas. A)asymbolC)anideal B)astandardD)aninspiration 6.WhatwasthemostastonishingpartofMrJobs’ssuccess? A)Heturnedafailingcompanyintoaprofitablebusiness. B)Hesetuppersonallinkswithmanyofhiscustomers. C)HecommandedabsoluteloyaltyfromAppleusers. D)HelefthisfingerprintsalloverAppleproducts. 7.Whatismentionedinthisissue’sspecialreportaboutinnovationnowadays? A)Itbenefitsciviliansmorethanthemilitary. B)Newproductsarefirstusedinthemilitary. C)Manynewideasfirstappearontheinternet. D)Itoriginatesintheconsumermarket. 8.Inspiteoftheuser-friendlinessofAppleproducts,criticscomplainedthattheywere. 9.Amazon,byhavinghardware,software,contentandservicesinaneasy-to-usebundle,didthebestjobinfollowingApple’slead. 10.Bychannellingthemagicofcomputingintoproducts,SteveJobshadsucceededin.PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes) SectionA Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormore 11.A)Heneedsanotherweekforthepainting. B)Thepaintingwascompletedjustintime. C)Thebuildingwon’topenuntilnextweek. D)Hisartisticworkhasbeenwellreceived. 12.A)Gocamping.B)Decoratehishouse. C)Rentatent.D)Organizeaparty. 13.A)ShetalkedwithMr.Wrightonthephone. B)SheisabouttocallMr.Wright’ssecretary. C)ShewillseeMr.Wrightatlunchtime. D)ShefailedtoreachMr.Wright. 14.A)Heisactuallyveryhardworking. B)Hehasdifficultyfinishinghisproject. C)Heneedstospendmoretimeinthelab. D)Heseldomtellsthetruthabouthimself. 15.A)Rulesrestrictingsmoking. B)Waystoquitsmoking. C)Smokers’healthproblems. D)Hazardsofpassivesmoking. 16.A)Heisoutoftownallmorning. B)Heistiedupinfamilymatters. C)Hehasbeenwritingareport. D)Hehasgotmeetingstoattend. 17.A)Heisnoteasy-going. B)Heisthespeakers’boss. C)Heisnotathomethisweekend. D)Heseldominvitespeopletohishome. 18.A)Takeabreak. B)Refuelhiscar. C)Asktheway. D)Haveacupofcoffee. Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 19.A)Theyareasgoodashistoricalfilms. B)Theygiveyoungstersathrill. C)Theyhavegreatlyimproved. D)Theyarebetterthancomicsonfilm. 20.A)Theeffectswereverygood. B)Theactingwasjustso-so. C)Theplotwastoocomplicated. D)Thecharacterswerelifelike. 21.A)Theytriumphedultimatelyoverevilinthebattle. B)TheyplayedthesameroleinWaroftheWorlds. C)Theyarepopularfiguresamongyoungpeople. D)Theyaretwoleadingcharactersinthefilm. Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 22.A)ItisscheduledonThursdaynight. B)Itissupposedtolastnineweeks. C)Ittakesplaceonceaweek. D)Itusuallystartsatsix. 23.A)Tomakegooduseofhersparetimeintheevening. B)Tomeettherequirementsofherin-servicetraining. C)Toimproveherdrivingskillsasquicklyaspossible. D)Togetsomebasicknowledgeaboutcarmaintenance. 24.A)Participateingroupdiscussions. B)Taketurnstomakepresentations. C)Listentotheteacher’sexplanation. D)Answertheteacher’squestions. 25.A)Mostofthemarefemale. B)Somehaveapart-timejob. C)Theyplantobuyanewcar. D)Afewofthemareoldchaps. SectionB PassageOne Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 26.A)Sheisnotgoodatmakingfriends. B)Sheisnotwelloff. C)Sheenjoyscompany. D)Shelikestogotoconcertsalone. 27.A)Theirsimilarsocialstatus. B)Theirinterdependence. C)Theircommoninterest. D)Theiridenticalcharacter. 28.A)InvitePattoaliveconcert. B)BuysomegiftsforPat’skids. C)HelptakecareofPat’skids. D)PayforPat’sseasontickets. 29.A)Itcandevelopbetweenpeoplewithabigdifferenceinincome. B)Itcanbemaintainedamongpeopleofdifferentagegroups. C)Itcannotlastlongwithoutsimilarfamilybackground. D)Itcannotbesustainedwhenfriendsmovefarapart. PassageTwo Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 30.A)Priorityofstudents’academicachievements. B)Equaleducationopportunitiestoallchildren. C)Socialequalitybetweenteachersandstudents. D)Respectforstudents’individuality. 31.A)Efficient. B)Complicated. C)Lengthy. D)Democratic. 32.A)Tohelpthemacquirehands-onexperience. B)Totrytocutdownitsoperationalexpenses. C)Toprovidepart-timejobsforneedystudents. D)Toenablethemtolearntotakeresponsibility. PassageThree Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 33.A)Thebestwaytoworkthroughafingermaze. B)Individualsdoingbetterinfrontofanaudience. C)Researchershavingcontributedgreatlytopsychology. D)Improvementsontheclassificationofhumanbehavior. 34.A)Whenyoufeelencouragedbytheaudience. B)Whenyoutrytofigureoutaconfusinggame. C)Whenyoualreadyknowhowtodosomething. D)Whenyoucompletewithotherpeopleinagroup. 35.A)Practicingconstantly. B)Workingbyoneself. C)Learningbydoing. D)Usingprovenmethods. SectionC Americanstodayhavedifferenteatinghabitsthantheyhadinthepast.Thereisawide(36)______offoodavailable.Theyhaveabroader(37)______ofnutrition(营养),sotheybuymorefreshfruitand(38)_______thaneverbefore.Atthesametime,Americans(39)______increasingquantitiesofsweetsandsodas. Statisticsshowthatthewaypeoplelive(40)______thewaytheyeat.Americanlifestyleshavechanged.Therearenowgrowingnumbersofpeoplewholivealone,(41)______parentsandchildren,anddouble-incomefamilies.Thesechanginglifestylesare(42)______fortheincreasingnumberofpeoplewhomust(43)______mealsorsometimessimplygowithoutthem.ManyAmericanshavelesstimethaneverbeforetospendpreparingfood.(44)______________ _______________________________________.Moreover,Americanseatoutnearlyfourtimesaweekonaverage. Itiseasytostudytheamountsandkindsoffoodthatpeopleconsume.(45)_____________ ________________________________________________________.Thisinformationnotonlytellsuswhatpeopleareeating,butalsotellsusaboutthechangesinattitudesandtastes.(46)_____________________________________________________________.Instead,chicken,turkeyandfishhavebecomemorepopular.Salesofthesefoodshavegreatlyincreasedinrecentyears.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionA Frenchfries,washeddownwithapintofsoda,areafavoritepartoffast-foodlunchesanddinnersformillionsofAmericanyoungsters.But47acuefromhealthexperts,agroupof19restaurantcompaniesarepledgingtooffermore-healthfulmenuoptionsforchildrenatatimewhen48isgrowingovertheroleoffastfoodinchildhoodobesity(肥胖症). BurgerKing,thenation’ssecond-largestfastfoodchain,forinstance,will49automaticallyincludingFrenchfriesandsodainitskids’mealsstartingthismonth,althoughtheywillstillbe50.Instead,thecompanysaidTuesday,itsemployeeswillaskparentswhetherthey51suchoptionsasmilkorslicedapplesbeforeassemblingthemeals.“We’reaskingthecustomersto52whattheywant,”saidCraigPrusher,thechain’svicepresidentofgovernmentrelations.Otherparticipatingchains,witha53ofmenuoptions,includingDenny’s,Chili’s,Friendly’sandChevy’s. AspartoftheKidsLiveWellcampaign-expectedtobeannounced54Wednesday—participatingrestaurantsmustpromisetoofferatleastonechildren’smealthathasfewerthan600calories(卡路里),nosoftdrinksandatleasttwo55fromthefollowingfoodgroups:fruits,vegetables,wholegrains,leanproteinsorlow-fatdairy.Amongotherrequirements,theymustofferasidedishthatmeetssimilar56,withfewerthan200caloriesandlessthan35%ofitscaloriesfromsugar. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A) adapt I)preferB) available J)recommendingC) begin K)speciesD) concern L)specifyE) criteria M)stopF) items N)takingG) nationwide O)varietyH) possible SectionB PassageOne Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage. Asyouareprobablyaware,thelatestjobmarketsnewsisn’tgood:Unemploymentisstillmorethan9percent,andnewjobgrowthhasfallenclosetozero.That’sbadfortheeconomy,ofcourse.Anditmaybeespeciallydiscouragingifyouhappentobelookingforajoborhopingtochangecareersrightnow.Butitactuallyshouldn’tmattertoyounearlyasmuchasyouthink. That’sbecausejobgrowthnumbersdon’tmattertojobhuntersasmuchasjobturnover(人员更替)data.Afterall,existingjobsopenupeverydayduetopromotions,resignations,terminations(解雇),andretirements.(Yes,peopleareretiringeveninthiseconomy.)Inbothgoodtimesandbad,turnovercreatesmoreopeningsthaneconomicgrowthdoes.EveninJuneof,whentheeconomywasstillmovingahead,jobgrowthwasonly132,000,whileturnoverwas4.7million! Andasitturnsout,eventoday—withjobgrowthnearzero—over4millionjobhuntersarebeinghiredeverymonth. Idon’tmeantoimplythatoveralljobgrowthdoesn’thaveanimpactonone’sabilitytolandajob.It’struethatiftotalemploymentwerehigher,itwouldmeanmorejobsforallofustochoosefrom(andcompetefor).Andit’struethattherearecurrentlymorepeopleapplyingforeachavailablejobopening,regardlessofwhetherit’sanewoneornot. Butwhatoftendistinguishesthosewholandjobsfromthosewhodon’tistheirabilitytostaymotivated.They’rewillingtodothehardworkofidentifyingtheirvaluableskills;becreativeaboutwhereandhowtolook;learnhowtopresentthemselvestopotentialemployers;andkeepgoing,evenafterrepeatedrejections.TheBureauofLaborStatisticsdatashowsthat2.7millionpeoplewhowantedandwereavailableforworkhadn’tlookedwithinthelastfourweeksandwerenolongerevenclassifiedasunemployed. Sodon’tlettheheadlinesfoolyouintogivingup.FourmillionpeoplegethiredeverymonthintheU.S.Youcanbeoneofthem. 57.Theauthortendstobelievethathighunemploymentrate______. A)deprivesmanypeopleofjobopportunities B)preventsmanypeoplefromchangingcareers C)shouldnotstoppeoplefromlookingforajob D)doesnotmeantheU.S.economyisworsening 58.Wheredomostjobopeningscomefrom? A)Jobgrowth.C)Improvedeconomy. B)Jobturnover.D)Businessexpansion. 59.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutoveralljobgrowth? A)Itdoesn’thavemucheffectonindividualjobseekers. B)Itincreasespeople’sconfidenceintheeconomy. C)Itgivesarayofhopetotheunemployed. D)Itdoesn’tmeangreaterjobsecurityfortheemployed. 60.Whatisthekeytolandingajobaccordingtotheauthor? A)Education.C)Persistence. B)Intelligence.D)Experience. 61.WhatdowelearnfromthepassageabouttheunemploymentfiguresintheU.S.? A)Theyclearlyindicatehowhealthytheeconomyis. B)Theyprovidethepublicwiththelatestinformation. C)Theywarnofthestructuralproblemsintheeconomy. D)Theyexcludethosewhohavestoppedlookingforajob. PassageTwo Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage. Ourriskofcancerrisesdramaticallyasweage.Soitmakessensethattheelderlyshouldberoutinelyscreenedfornewtumors—ordoesn’tit? Whilesuchvigilant(警惕旳)trackingofcancerisagoodthingingeneral,researchersareincreasinglyquestioningwhetherallofthistestingisnecessaryfortheelderly.Withthepercentageofpeopleoverage65expectedtonearlydoubleby2050,it’simportanttoweighthehealthbenefitsofscreeningagainsttherisksandcostsofroutinetesting. Inmanycases,screeningcanleadtosurgeriestoremovecancer,whilethecancersthemselvesmaybeslow-growingandmaynotposeserioushealthproblemsinpatients’remainingyears.Butthemessagethateveryonemustscreenforcancerhasbecomesodeep-rootedthatwhenhealthcareexpertsrecommendedthatwomenunder50andover74stopscreeningforbreastcancer,itcausedariotousreactionamongdoctors,patientsandadvocacygroups. It’shardtouprootdeeplyheldbeliefsaboutcancerscreeningwithscientificdata.Certainly,therearepeopleoverage75whohavehadcancersdetectedbyroutinescreening,andgainedseveralextrayearsoflifebecauseoftreatment.Andclearly,peopleoverage75whohaveotherriskfactorsforcancer,suchasafamilyhistoryorpriorpersonalexperiencewiththedisease,shouldcontinuetogetscreenedregularly.Butfortheremainder,theriskofcancer,whileincreasedattheendoflife,mustbebalancedwithotherfactorslikeremaininglifeexpectancy(预期寿命). Arecentstudysuggeststhatdoctorsstarttomakemoreobjectivedecisionsaboutwhowilltrulybenefitfromscreening-especiallyconsideringtheexplosionoftheelderlythatwillsoonswellourpopulation. It’snotaneasycalculationtomake,butonethatmakessenseforallpatients.Dr.OtisBrawleysaid,“Manydoctorsareorderingscreeningtestspurelytocoverthemselves.Weneedtothinkabouttherationaluseofhealthcare.” Thatmeansmakingsomedifficultdecisionswithelderlypatients,andgoingagainstthemisguidedbeliefthatwhenitcomestohealthcare,moreisalwaysbetter. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 62.Whydodoctorsrecommendroutinecancerscreeningforelderlypeople? A)Itisbelievedtocontributetolonglife. B)Itispartoftheirhealthcarepackage. C)Theelderlyaremoresensitiveabouttheirhealth. D)Theelderlyareingreaterdangeroftumorgrowth. 63.Howdosomeresearchersnowlookatroutinecancerscreeningfortheelderly? A)Itaddstoomuchtotheirmedicalbills. B)Ithelpsincreasetheirlifeexpectancy. C)Theyaredoubtfulaboutitsnecessity. D)Theythinkitdoesmoreharmthangood. 64.Whatistheconventionalviewaboutwomenscreeningforbreastcancer? A)Itappliestowomenover50.C)Itisoptionalforyoungwomen. B)Itisamustforadultwomen.D)Itdoesn’tapplytowomenover74. 65.Whydomanydoctorsprescriberoutinescreeningforcancer? A)Theywanttoprotectthemselvesagainstmedicaldisputes. B)Theywanttotakeadvantageofthemedicalcaresystem. C)Theywantdataformedicalresearch. D)Theywanttheirpatientstosufferless. 66.Whatdoestheauthorsayisthegeneralviewabouthealthcare? A)Themore,thebetter.C)Betterearlythanlate. B)Preventionisbetterthancure.D)Bettercare,longerlife.PartVCloze(15minutes) 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答 Strongemotionalbondsbetweenmothersandinfantsincreasechildren’swillingnesstoexploretheworld—aneffectthathasbeenobserved67theanimalkingdom,inpeople,monkeysandevenspiders.Themoresecureweareinour68toMom,themorelikelywearetotrynewthingsandtakerisks.Nowresearchersarediscoveringthatthiseffectcontinuesintoadulthood.A69reminderofMom’stouchorthesoundofhervoiceonthephoneis70tochangepeople’smindsandmoods,71theirdecisionmakinginmeasurableways. Inastudy72onlineinAprilinPsychologicalScience,undergraduatebusinessstudentshadtochoosebetweensafebetsandriskygambles—abondwithaguaranteed4percentyearly73orariskierstockoption,forexample.Inhalfthecases,theexperimenterspattedthestudents74onthebackoftheshoulderforaboutonesecond75providingverbal(口头旳)instructionsaboutthestudy.Bothmaleandfemalestudentswhoweretouchedbyafem