历年考研英语真题及答案(1980-1985年)

SectionVIIChinese-EnglishTranslation......................................................497SectionVIIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation......................................................4971986年考研英语真题.............................................................................................4991985年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题..............................................................501SectionIStructureandVocabulary...........................................................501SectionIIClozeTest....................................................................................503SectionIIIReadingComprehension................................................................506SectionIVStructureandVocabulary...........................................................507SectionVError-detectionandCorrection.................................................509SectionVIVerbForms..............................................................................511SectionVIIChinese-EnglishTranslation......................................................512SectionVIIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation......................................................5121985年考研英语真题答案.............................................................................................5151984年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题..............................................................518SectionIStructureandVocabulary...........................................................518SectionIIClozeTest....................................................................................523SectionIIIReadingComprehension................................................................525SectionIVStructureandVocabulary...........................................................527SectionVError-detectionandCorrection.................................................529SectionVIVerbForms....................................................................................530SectionVIIChinese-EnglishTranslation......................................................531SectionVIIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation......................................................5311984年考研英语真题答案.............................................................................................5341983年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题..............................................................537SectionIStructureandVocabulary...........................................................537SectionIIVerbForms....................................................................................539SectionIIIError-detection...........................................................................539SectionIVClozeTest....................................................................................541SectionVReadingComprehension................................................................543SectionVIStructureandVocabulary...........................................................544SectionVIIChinese-EnglishTranslation......................................................546SectionVIIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation......................................................5471983年考研英语真题答案.............................................................................................549目录91982年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题..............................................................551SectionIStructureandVocabulary...........................................................551SectionIIVerbForms....................................................................................553SectionIIIError-detection...........................................................................554SectionIVClozeTest....................................................................................555SectionVReadingComprehension................................................................558SectionVIChinese-EnglishTranslation......................................................560SectionVIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation......................................................5601982年考研英语真题答案.............................................................................................5621981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题..............................................................564SectionIStructureandVocabulary...........................................................564SectionIIError-detection...........................................................................567SectionIIISentenceMaking...........................................................................568SectionIVVerbForms....................................................................................568SectionVClozeTest....................................................................................569SectionVIChinese-EnglishTranslation......................................................570SectionVIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation......................................................5701981年考研英语真题答案.............................................................................................5731980年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题..............................................................576SectionIUseofPrepositions....................................................................576SectionIIVerbTenses..................................................................................576SectionIIIVerbForms....................................................................................577SectionIVStructureandVocabulary...........................................................578SectionVError-detection...........................................................................580SectionVIChinese-EnglishTranslation......................................................581SectionVIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation......................................................5811980年考研英语真题答案.............................................................................................584508历年考研英语真题及答案1985年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionIStructureandVocabularyIneachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Putyourchoice.inthebracketsontheleft.(15points)EXAMPLE:Iwascaught________therainyesterday.[A]in[B]by[C]with[D]atANSWER:[A]1.Thetravellerssoughtshelter________therainandhappenedtofindaroadsideinn.[A]from[B]by[C]for[D]with2.Toourdelight,shequicklyadaptedherself________thesituation.[A]with[B]to[C]of[D]into3.Thekey________successishardworkandpersistence.[A]on[B]for[C]to[D]of4."DoyouregretpayingAfivehundreddollarsforthepainting?""No,Iwould,gladlyhavepaid________forit."[A]twicesomuch510历年考研英语真题及答案[B]getoff[C]getout[D]getover11.Willyou________myarticletofindoutwhetherI'vemadeanymistakes?[A]lookafter[B]lookthrough[C]lookup[D]lookinto12."WhereshouldIsendmyapplication?""ThePersonnelOfficeistheplace________."[A]tosendit[B]sentitto[C]tosenditto[D]forsendingit13.David,somethingimportanthashappened.Iwishto________.[A]talkitoverwithyou[B]talkoverit[C]ta1kover[D]talkyouoverit14.Iwasadvised________forreservations.[A]toeithertelephoneortowritethehotel[B]eithertotelephoneortowritethehotel[C]thatIshouldtelephoneoreitherwritethehotel[D]Ioughteithertotelephoneorwritethehotel15.________wehavefinishedthecourse,weshallstartdoingmorerevisionwork.[A]Fornow[B]Sincethat[C]Nowthat[D]BynowSectionIIClozeTest1980年考研英语真题答案511ForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoiceslabeledA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestoneandputyourchoiceinthebracketsbelowthepassage.Readthewholepassagebeforemakingyourchoices.(10points)EXAMPLE:Forinstance,theautomobiletunnelmight______hugeventilationproblems.[A]make[B]bring[C]raise[D]createANSWER:[D]WhenIwasabouttwelve,Isuddenlydevelopedagreatpassion16writingpoetry.Igaveupallmyotherhobbies,suchas17stamps,andspentallmy18timereadingpoetryandwritingit.Thishabitofwritingpoetryoneverypossible19soongotmeintotroubleatschool.Ifalessondidnotinterestme,Iwouldtakeoutmynotebookandstartwritingpoemsinclass.OfcourseIdidthisvery20,butitwasnotlongbeforeIgotcaught.OnedaywhileIwasbusywritingapoemduringageographylesson,Ilookeduptofindtheteacherstandingoverme,fumingwithangerbecauseIwasnot21attention.Hetorethepoemup,witha22nottowastetimeinhislesson.AllthesameIwasconvincedthatIhadwrittenagoodpoem,sothateveningIwroteitoutagainfrommemory.Notlongafter,IreadaboutapoetrycontestandIdecidedtosendinmypoem.Weekslater,longafterIhadgivenuphope,IgotaletterinformingmeIhadwonfirst23.Everyoneatschoolwasveryimpressed—exceptthegeographyteacher,who24memorecarefullythanever.Hewasquite25thatIwasnotgoingtowritepoetryinhislesson!16.[A]for[B]in512历年考研英语真题及答案[C]on[D]at17.[A]arranging[B]collecting[C]gathering[D]keeping18.[A]additional[B]extra[C]other[D]spare19.[A]chance[B]moment[C]occasion[D]time20.[A]anxiously[B]attentively[C]cautiously[D]silently21.[A]calling[B]devoting[C]attracting[D]paying22.[A]warning[B]notice[C]word[D]look23.[A]position[B]prize[C]reward[D]victory24.[A]guarded1980年考研英语真题答案513[B]inspected[C]observed[D]watched25.[A]determined[B]annoyed[C]fixed[D]assuredSectionIIIReadingComprehensionEachsentenceorpassagebelowisfollowedbyfourstatements.Oneofthestatementsisasuggestionwhichcanbemadefromtheinformationgivenintheoriginalsentenceorpassage.Readthemcarefullyandmakeyourchoice.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)EXAMPLE:[A]Youshouldgetupwhenhecomesin.[B]Youshouldsupporthim.[C]Youshouldn'tbeafraidtoarguewithhim.[D]Youmustbeofthesameheightasheis.ANSWER:[B]26.Watchyourstepwhenyourturncomestohaveaninterviewwiththegeneralmanager.[A]Whenyouareaskedtoseethegeneralmanager,besurenottostepintohisofficewithouthispermission.[B]Watchthestepswhenyougoupstairstoseethegeneralmanagerathisoffice.[C]Besuretobecarefulwhenitisyourturntogotothegeneralmanager'sofficeforaninterviewwithhim.[D]Watchoutanddon'tstepintothegeneralmanager'sofficeuntilitisyourturntohaveaninterviewwithhim.27.Sincenoadditionalfundisavailable,theextensionofthebuildingisoutofthequestion.[A]Theextensionofthebuildingisimpossiblebecauseweareunabletogetextrafundforthepurpose.[B]Thereissomeproblemabouttheextensionofthebuildingowingtolackoffund.[C]Sincenoadditionalfundisavailable,wehavetosolvethe1980年考研英语真题答案519Itishighlydesirablethatanewpresident________(appoint)forthiscollege.ANSWER:(should)beappointed51.Ifoundthatmycheatinginyesterday'sEnglishtest________(report)tomyparentsthatveryevening.52.WhileJane________(carry)apailofmilkfromthebarntothekitchen,shespilledsomeofitonherskirt.53.Ifitwasn'tanaccident,he________(do)itonpurpose.54.You'regoingtoEnglandnextyear.Youshouldnowpractice________(speak)Englishasmuchaspossible.55.When________(see)throughatelescope,thesunappearsdarkerneartheedge.56.Whilehewasinthearmy,helearnedEnglish,which________(help)himalotinhisworkthere.57.TheywereenviousofGeorgebecauseofhis________(make)captainoftheteam.58.Manyoftheworld'sgreatnovelsarereported________(make)intofilmslastyear.59.Whenthebellsounded,theboysrushedoutoftheclassroom,each________(carry)anumberofnewbooksunderhisarm.60.Thestudents________(do)alltheexercises,theteacherwentontoexplainthetext.SectionVIIChinese-EnglishTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(15points)61.这项和原来的计划比起来，要完整得多。62.只有这样我们才能赶上世界的先进科学技术水平。63.你对下一步该做些什么，清楚了吗？64.在旧中国，几乎没有什么机器制造工业，更不用说电子工业了。520历年考研英语真题及答案65.他在这次旅行中的所见所闻给他留下了深刻的印象。SectionVIIIEnglish-ChineseTranslationChooseeitherofthefollowingtwopassages.Onlytheunderlinedsentencesaretobetranslated.(20points)(1)Televisionisnowplayingaveryimportantpartinourlife.Buttelevision,likeotherthings,hasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Dotheformeroutweighthelatter?Inthefirstplace,televisionisnotonlyaconvenientsourceofentertainment,butalsoacomparativelycheapone.(66)Forafamilyoffour,forexample,itismoreconvenientaswellascheapertositcomfortablyathome,withalmostunlimitedentertainmentavailable,thantogooutinsearchofamusementelsewhere.(67)Theydonothavetopayforexpensiveseatsatthetheatre,thecinema,ortheopera,onlytodiscover,perhaps,thattheshowisdisappointing.(68)Alltheyhavetodoispressabutton,andtheycanseeplays,films,operas,andshowsofeverykind,nottomentionpoliticaldiscussionsandthelatestexcitingfootballmatch.(69)Somepeople,however,maintainthatthisispreciselywherethedangerlies.Thetelevisionviewertakesnoinitiative.Hemakesnochoiceandexercisesnojudgment.(70)Heiscompletelypassiveandhaseverythingpresentedtohimwithoutanyeffortonhispart.(71)Television,itisoftensaid,keepsoneinformedaboutcurrentevents,allowsonetofollowthelatestdevelopmentsinscienceandpolitics,andoffersandendlessseriesofprogramswhicharebothinstructiveandentertaining.Themostdistantcountriesandthestrangestcustomarebroughtrightintoone'ssitting-room.(72)Itcouldbearguedthattheradioperformsthisservicejustaswell;butontelevisioneverythingismuchmoreliving,muchmorereal.Yethereagainthereadanger.Wegetsousedtolookingatit,sodependentonitsflickeringpictures,thatitbeginstodominateourlives.Therearemanyotherargumentsforandagainsttelevision.Thepoorqualityofitsprogramsisoftencriticized.Butitisundoubtedlyagreatcomforttomanylonelyelderlypeople.Anddoesitcorruptorinstructourchildren?Ithinkwemustrealizethattelevisioninitselfisneithergoodnorbad.(73)Itistheusestowhichitisputthatdetermineitsvaluetosociety.(2)Anofficeisthe"Brain"ofabusiness.(74)Inanoffice,figures,1980年考研英语真题答案521listsandinformationarecompiledwhichtellthemanagersorheadsofthebusinesswhatishappeningintheirshopsorfactories.Thesefiguresguidethemanagersbytellingthemwhathashappenedandwhatishappening. Informationcomesintoanofficeinallsortsofwaysbutthemainitemsofinformationcomeinregularly.(75)Itispartofthejoboftheclerkstocollectandclassifythatinformationandtoputitintosuchaformthatitiseasilyinterpretedandunderstood.Officescollectinformationthentheyclassifyit.Thisworkofcollectioniscommoninanofficefromthesortingofmaileverymorningtotheaccountant'sworkinfindingoutthefinalfigurefortheyear'sprofit.(76)Classificationalwaysrequiresthearrangementofthesamekindofinformation,oftenintolistsorcolumns.(77)Forthiswork,correctness,accuracyandspeed,asinallofficework,areessential.Thereisnovalue,however,incollectingfigureswhichmeannothing.Figuresareguideswhichshouldhelpwemakedecisions.(78)Theinterpretationofinformationandoftablesshouldtelluswheresuccessorfailurelies,whereprofitcanbehadandwherelossesoccur.(79)Onthiskindofinformationandfromtheknownfigures,achoiceismadeandaseriesofsuchchoicesmaymakeapolicy.Afirmwhichhasthreefactoriesmayfind,forinstance,fromitsfigures,thatonefactoryislosingmoneyandachoicemayliebetweeneitherachangeofmanager,acutinproduction,anincreaseinproductionorclosureofthefactory.Whicheveroneofthesedecisionsistakenbecomesthepolicy.(80)Itisclearthatadecisionleadingtoapolicycanonlybeasgoodastheinformationonwhichitisbased.Consequentlythereisaconstantsearchformoreandmoreexactinformation.(81)Managerswillwanttohaveallthenecessaryfactsbeforetheycanmakethebestdecisionanditisnormalforthemtoseekformoreandmoreinformation.522历年考研英语真题及答案1985年考研英语真题答案SectionI:StructureandVocabulary(15points)1.[A]2.[B]3.[C]4.[B]5.[D]6.[C]7.[D]8.[A]9.[A]10.[D]11.[B]12.[C]13.[A]14.[B]15.[C]SectionII:ClozeTest(10points)16.[A]17.[B]18.[D]19.[C]20.[C]21.[D]22.[A]23.[B]24.[D]25.[A]SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(10points)26.[C]27.[A]28.[A]29.[B]30.[A]SectionIV:StructureandVocabulary(10points)31.[B]32.[A]33.[A]34.[A]35.[A]36.[A]37.[B]38.[B]39.[D]40.[D]SectionV:Error-detectionandCorrection(10points)41.[D]with42.[C]qualifies43.[B]shouldwe44.[D]pulled45.[B]readnotonly46.[C]recognized47.[C]doubled48.[D]decreasing49.[D]totalkto/with50.[C]easySectionVI:VerbForms(10points)51.wasreported/hadbeenreported52.wascarrying53.musthavedown54.speaking55.seen56.helped57.havingbeenmade/beingmade58.tohavebeenmade59.carrying60.havingdoneSectionVII:Chinese-EnglishTranslation(15points)61.Comparedwiththeoriginalone,thisplanisfarmorecomplete.62.Onlyinthiswaycanwecatchupwiththeworld'sadvancedlevelsinscienceandtechnology.63.Areyouclearaboutwhatyoushoulddonext?64.InoldChina,therewashardlyanymachine-buildingindustry,tosaynothingofanelectronicindustry.1980年考研英语真题答案52365.Whathesawandheardonhistripgavehimaverydeepimpression.SectionVIII:English-ChineseTranslation(20points)(1)66.譬如，对于一个四口之家，舒舒服服地坐在家里收看电视，就能看到几乎是数不清的娱乐节目，这比到外面别的地方去消遣便宜得多，方便的多。67.他们不必花钱去戏院、电影院，或歌剧院买价钱很高的戏票，结果他们也许还会发现所演出的节目很令人失望。68.他们所要做的只是按一下电钮，就能看到各种戏剧、电影、歌剧和各式各样的演出，更不用说各种政治辩论和最近举行的激动人心的足球赛。69.可是，有些人则坚持认为这恰恰是危险的所在。70.看电视的人是完全被动的，他可以毫不费力就能看到所播放的每一个节目。71.人们常说，电视能使一个人对时事了如指掌，随时了解科学和政治方面的最新发展。同时还能源源不断地为观众提供各种既有教育意义又带有娱乐性的节目。72.可能会有人提出无线电广播也同样能做到这一点；但在电视屏幕上，每个节目都显得更加生动，更加真实。73.电视对社会的价值取决于我们怎样去利用它。(2)74.在办公室里，人们将各种数据、表格和资料（信息）加以汇编以便让经理们或企业的主管人员了解他们的商店或工厂目前正在发生的情况。75.职员们的一部分任务就是手机这种资料（信息）将它分类并制成这样一份表格，这份表格要能是这种资料（信息）易于解释，易于理解。76.分类工作始终需要将同样的资料加以整理，往往是将它们列成表格或专栏。77.对于这种工作来说，像所有的办公室工作一样，正确性、准确性和速度是必不可少的。78.对资料（信息）和所做的解释，应能给我们显示出成败之所在哪里可以有盈利以及哪里出现了亏损。524历年考研英语真题及答案79.根据这种资料（信息）和那些已知的数据，就能作出一种选择，而一系列这样的选择就能形成一项决策。80.很显然，形成决策的那个决定的好坏，只能取决于它所依据的资料（信息）的好坏。81.经理们必定需要在掌握一切必要的情况之后才能作出最佳的决定。对他们来说，要求得到越来越多的资料（信息）是很正常的。29.TheChineseRedCross________ageneroussumtothereliefofthephysicallydisabled.[A]assigned[B]contributed[C]furnished[D]administered30.________mycarisbeingmadereadyforalongjourney.[A]Inthemoment[B]Atthemoment[C]Forthemoment[D]BythemomentSectionIIClozeTestForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoiceslabeledA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestoneandputyourchoiceinthebracketsbelowthepassage.Readthewholepassagebeforemakingyourchoices.(10points)EXAMPLE:Hotmetal________asitgrowscooler.[A]condenses[B]reduces[C]decreases[D]contractsANSWER:[D]Ventilation,asweknow,isasystemormeansofprovidingfreshair.Itplaysaveryimportantpartinthefieldofengineering.Forinstance,theautomobiletunnelmight31hugeventilationproblems.Eveninthedaysofsmoky,coal-burning32,trainsmadetheirownventilationbypushingandpullingair33thetunnels.Carsdon'tmovetheirownspentgasesinthesameway;itcollectsintunnels.CliffordM.Hollandsolvedtheproblem34agiantfan-drivensystemfortheHudsonRivertunnel.Holland'ssystemreceivedasevere35whenatruck36withchemicalsubstancescaughtfireinthetunnelandexploded.Theblast1984??????????（????）1980年考研英语真题答案531destroyedmanyautomobiles;sixtypersonswere37bythestrongsmellingsmoke.Allsixty,however,remained38aftertheexplosion.39theruinof500feetofthetunnelroof,traffic40afteronlyfifty-sixhours.31.[A]make[B]bring[C]raise[D]create32.[A]stoves[B]burners[C]boilers[D]engines33.[A]around[B]through[C]in[D]within34.[A]by[B]with[C]for[D]of35.[A]trial[B]pressure[C]examination[D]test36.[A]loaded[B]carried[C]crowded[D]transported37.[A]swept532历年考研英语真题及答案[B]overcome[C]hit[D]hurt38.[A]alive[B]living[C]live[D]lived39.[A]With[B]After[C]Becauseof[D]Despite40.[A]resumed[B]stopped[C]moved[D]startedSectionIIIReadingComprehensionEachsentenceorpassagebelowisfollowedbyfourstatements.Oneofthestatementsisasuggestionwhichcanbemadefromtheinformationgivenintheoriginalsentenceorpassage.Readthemcarefullyandmakeyourchoice.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)EXAMPLE:Dr.SmithmadealongspeechinwhichheimpliedthathewasafriendoftheDean's.[A]Dr.SmithwasnotafriendoftheDean's.[B]Dr.SmithgaveatalkinwhichhesaidhewasafriendoftheDean's.[C]Dr.SmithsuggestedinhisspeechthathewasafriendoftheDean's.[D]Dr.SmithmadeamovingspeechinwhichhesaidhewasafriendoftheDean's.ANSWER:[C]41.Ifinditdifficulttodrivehomemypointtothestudents.[A]Ifinditdifficulttomakemypointfullyunderstoodbymystudents.1980年考研英语真题答案533[B]Ifinditdifficulttodrivemystudentshome.[C]Iwanttopointoutthatitisdifficulttogivemystudentslessonsondriving.[D]Mypointisdrivingisespeciallydifficultformystudents.42.Yououghttostandupforhim.[A]Youshouldgetupwhenhecomesin.[B]Youshouldsupporthim.[C]Youshouldn'tbeafraidtoarguewithhim.[D]Youmustbeofthesameheightasheis.43.Shetookgreatpainstokeeptheroomstidy.[A]Shewasingreatpainwhenshetriedtokeeptheroomstidy.[B]Shefounditdifficulttokeeptheroomstidy.[C]Shemadegreateffortstokeeptheroomsneatandclean.[D]Shewasunwillingtokeeptheroomstidy.44.Atfirsteverythingwentwellwiththeprojectbutrecentlyproblemskeptcroppingup.[A]Atfirstthequalityoftheprojectwassatisfactorybutrecentlyitsqualitykeptdeclining.[B]Theprojectproceededsmoothlyatfirstbutlatelyunexpectedproblemscontinuallymadetheirappearance.[C]Atfirs