为了正常的体验网站,请在浏览器设置里面开启Javascript功能!

2007年英语二答案解析

2019-05-06 33页 doc 79KB 274阅读

用户头像

is_435706

暂无简介

举报
2007年英语二答案解析英语试题解析 Section I Vocabulary and Structure(10 points) 1.答案为B。本题考点为宾结构搭配。根据上下文,只有B项exerting与后面的pressure搭配恰当,意为“施加压力”;故选项B为正确答案。 译文:他的妻子一直在给他施压,要他跳槽。 2.答案为A。本题考点为形容词语义辨析。extinct意为“灭绝”,其他选项意思不对。根据题意,A为正确答案。 译文:据估计,目前每年约有50 000个物种灭绝。 3.答案为A。本题考点为名词的词义辨析。A项scope意为“(活动)范...
2007年英语二答案解析
英语试题解析 Section I Vocabulary and Structure(10 points) 1.答案为B。本题考点为宾结构搭配。根据上下文,只有B项exerting与后面的pressure搭配恰当,意为“施加压力”;故选项B为正确答案。 译文:他的妻子一直在给他施压,要他跳槽。 2.答案为A。本题考点为形容词语义辨析。extinct意为“灭绝”,其他选项意思不对。根据题意,A为正确答案。 译文:据估计,目前每年约有50 000个物种灭绝。 3.答案为A。本题考点为名词的词义辨析。A项scope意为“(活动)范围,机会,余地”,B项space意为“空间”,c项capacity意为“容量、能力”,D项range意为“范围,射程”。故选项A符合 译文:约翰说他目前的工作不能为他的组织能力提供充分的活动余地。 4.答案为D。本题考点为名词的词义辨析。A项意为“可能性”,B项意为“现实”,c项意为“必要性”,D项意为“机会”。根据上下文,选项D符合题意。  译文:在将来,很多机会将展现在受过大学教育的人的面前。 5.答案为B。本题考点为几个形近动词的词议辨析。A项意为“居住”,B项意为“继承”,c项意为“禁止”,D项意为“吸入”。根据题意,选项B为正确答案。  译文:年轻人在叔父死后继承了漂亮的庄园,从一个穷人变成了有钱的贵族。 6.答案为D。本题要考的是形容词与名词的搭配。A项意为“繁荣的”,B项意为“初步的”,c项意为“悲观的”,D项意为“预期的”。根据题意,选项D为正确答案。  译文:经理正在拜访一个预期的客户,试图说服他签订这项。 7.答案为C。本题考的是名词的词义辨析。A项意为“复苏”,B项意为“镇压”,c项意为.“衰退、不景气”,D项意为“恢复”。根据题意,选项c为正确答案。 译文:1991年,当工业化国家遭遇经济萧条的时候,发展中国家的经济却快速增长。 8.答案为C。本题考的是动宾结构的搭配。A项意为“召集”,B项意为“引诱”,c项意为“激怒”,D项意为“绊倒”。根据题意,选项C为正确答案。 译文:双子塔楼(纽约世贸中心)的摧毁激起了全世界的震惊和愤怒。 9.答案为D。本题考的是形容词与名词的搭配。A项意为“决定性的”,B项意为“急迫的”,c项意为“重大的”,D项意为“危机的”。根据题意,选项D为正确答案。 译文:据说在飞机失事中受伤的约20名乘客处于生命垂危的状况。 10.答案为C。 本题考的是形容词与名词的搭配。A项意为“重要性”,B项意为“印象”,c项意为“冲击、影响”,D项意为“含义”。根据题意,选项c为正确答案。 译文:中美之间的交往肯定会对亚太区域和全世界的和平稳定产生深远的影响。 11.答案为B。本题考的是形容词的上下文语义。A项意为“倾向于……的”,B项意为“易受伤害的”,C项意为“受吸引的”,D项意为“减少的”。根据题意,选项B为正确答案。 译文:穷国极易受到国际经济动荡的伤害。 12.答案为A。本题考的是形容词的固定搭配。be subject t0意为“受……支配,使……从属于”。根据题意,选项A为正确答案。 译文:申请者应该注意,所有的职位都要求已拥有澳大利亚公民身份。 13.答案为c。本题考点为名词的上下文词义辨析。A项意为“入口”,B项意为“进入”,c项意为“通路、享用权”,D项意为“允许”。根据上下文,选项c为正确答案。 译文:我们旨在确保使所有的应试者都受到公正的待遇,享有平等的就业机会。 14.答案为D。本题考点为形容词近义辨析。A项意为“唯一的”,B项意为“单独的”,c项意为“仅仪的”,D项意为“单一的”。根据题意,选项D为正确答案。 译文:成功的学习不是一种单一的活动,而是在一种特定状态下的4个截然不同的阶段。 15.答案为c。本题考点为动词的搭配。A项意为“抑制”,B项意为“预防”,c项意为“加强、提高”,D项意为“证明……有道理”。根据上下文,选项C为正确答案。 译文:探索和运用机会以及鼓励这样做能够提高许多孩子的表现能力。 16.答案为B。本题考点为动词的固定搭配。A项意为“炫耀”,B项意为“还清;偿清”,c项意为“停止;结束”,D项意为“让开,不接近”。根据上下文,选项B为正确答案。 译文:她所有的辛苦工作终于得到了回报,她终于通过了考试。 17.答案为A。本题考点为动词短语的固定搭配。put up with意为“忍受,容忍”,根据上下文,选项A为正确答案。 译文:为了过上理想的日子,实现自己的人生理想,我们所要做的不仅仅是忍受所发生的事件。 18.答案为B。本题的考点是介词短语的固定搭配。A项意为“在手边”,B项意为“在危急之中”,C项意为“全体;普遍地”,D项意为“最多”。根据上下文,选项B为正确答案。 译文:因为国家的冠军奖牌危在旦夕,所以全队努力打比赛。 19.答案为A。本题的考点是动词短语的固定搭配。A项意为“坚持”,B项意为“遵守”,c项意为“照做”,D项意为“继续”。根据上下文,选项A为正确答案。 译文:我认为你改变不了他的想法;他一旦决定某事,往往会坚持到底。 20.答案为D。 本题的考点是固定词组的辨析。A项意为“超过”,B项意为“要不是”,c项意为“多亏”,D项意为“连同一道”。根据上下文,选项D为正确答案。 译文:汤姆将钞票连同零钱和收据一起放回抽屉。 Section II Cloze  (20 points) Advancing age means losing your hair,your waistline and your memory,right? Dana Denis is just 40 years old,but 21  she’s worried about what she calls’ my rolling mental blackouts. “I try to remember something and I just blank out,”she says. You may 22  about these lapses,calling them “senior  moments” or blaming “early A1zheimer’s(老年痴呆症)”.It is an inescapable fact that the older you get,the 23  you remember? Well,sort 0f.But as time goes by,we tend to blame age   24  problems that are not necessarily age—related. “When a teenager can’t find her keys,she thinks it’s because she’s distracted or disorganized,”says Paul Gold.“A 70一year—old blames her  25  . ” In fact,the 70一year一old may have been 26 things for decades. In healthy people,memory doesn’t worsen as   27  as many of us think.“As we 28  ,the memory mechanism isn’t 29  ,“says psychologist Fergus Craik.” “It’s just inefficient.” The brain’s processing  30  slows down over the years,though no one knows exactly  31 .Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and   32  there’s less activity in the brain.But,cautions Barry Gordon,“It’s not clear that less activity is  33  A beginning athlete is winded(气喘吁吁)more easily than a  34  athlete. In the same way. 35 the brain gets more skilled at a task, it expends less energy on it . ” There are 36 you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears, though it 37 effort. Margaret Swell says:“We’re a quick—fix culture, but you have to  38 to keep your brain  39  shape. It’s like having a good body. You can’t go to the gym once a year  40  expect to stay in top form. 【文章题材】年龄与记忆力的减退 【文章体裁】议 【核心内容】记忆力并不完全随着年龄的增长而减退,通过努力,记忆可以得到改善。 【结构】本文以问句“Advancing age means losing your hair,your waistline and your memory,right? ”开头,由例子引出文章的中心论点:“that the older you get,the  23  you remember?(年龄越大,记忆力越差?)”紧接着,作者又以“teen-ager”和“A 70—year—old”对比;“A beginning athlete”和“a senior athlete”对比,指出我们在年龄与记忆力的关系上存在的错误认识。并指出记忆力的减退不会像我们大多数人想得那样快,通过努力,记忆可以得到改善。这也是文章的基本导向。 本文仍然是总分结构: 总述:It is an inescapable fact that the older you get,the 23  you remember? Well,sort of.But as time goes by,we tend to blame age  24 problems that are not necessarily age—related. (年龄增长与记忆力减退的关系。) 分述:1)In healthy people,memory doesn’t worsen as  27 as many of us think. 2)The brain’s processing  30 time slows down over the years,It’s not clear that less activity is 33  worse. 3)There are 36  you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears. 【参考译文】 年老意味着头发开始脱落、腰围[waistline]增大、记忆减退,是不是?Dana Denis刚刚40岁,但她已经在担心她的所谓接踵而来的精神上的暂时性失忆[blackout ]。她说:“我试着记住一些东西但是徒劳[blank out ]。” 你也许会对这些小失误[1apse]开玩笑,称它们为“高级的[senior]时刻”或者埋怨[blame]是老年痴呆症的早期表现。一个不可避免的[inescapable]事实是,你越老,记忆力就越差。是的,有点儿道理。但随着时间的流逝,我们倾向于把和年龄没有必然[necessarily ]联系的 [related]一些问题归咎于年龄。 Paul Gold说,当一个青少年[teenager ]不能找到她的钥匙,她会认为自己心烦意乱[ distracted ]或者生活秩序杂乱[ disorganized]。一个70岁的老人则会埋怨自己的记忆力。事实上.这位70岁的老人几十年来可能都有乱放东西的习惯。 对健康人而言,记忆力的减退不会像我们大多数人想得那样快。心理学家Fergus Craik说:“随着我们变老,记忆机理[ mechanism ] 并不会损坏,它只是有些效率[efficiency ]不高罢了。” 年复一年,大脑处理事情的时间慢了下来,尽管没有人知道其中的确切原因。最近一项 研究显示神经[nerve ]细胞丧失效率后,大脑活动递减:但是Barry Gordon警告[caution]说:“大脑减少运动[activity]是不是坏事还不清楚。一个刚入门的运动员[athlete]更易比年长的运动员来得气喘吁吁[wind]。同理,随着大脑在某一工作上获得更多的经验,它就会花费[expend]很少的精力在上面。 你可以采取几个步骤来补偿[compensate]你记忆传动装置[gear]的正常延误[ slippage],尽管你必须努力一点。Margaret Swell说,我们生活在一个急功近利的文化时代,但是你必须不断学习,从而保持大脑良好状态。就像拥有一个好的身材。你不能期望一年只去一次健身房[gym]还保持一个好的身材。 【答案解析】 21.选C。此题考查副词。文章首句提出疑问:年老意味着头发开始脱落、腰围增大、记忆减退,是不是?这是大多数人的心理。作者以Dana Denis为例.指出她的担心。“Dana Denis is just(仅仅)40 years old,but 21 she’s worried about what she calls,my rolling mental blackouts.”“Just”表明Dana Denis并不年老,但由于存在着对年龄的错误认识,她忧心忡忡。选项C “already(已经) ”用于现在完成时态并且位置提前,和“Just”(仅仅)”形成强烈对比,符合作者导向。 22.选A。此题考查动词意义辨析。从本题所处的句子“You may 22  about these lapses, calling them ‘senior moments’ or blaming ‘early Alzheimer’s(老年痴呆症)’.”引号中是一种 戏谑的说法,因此选项C “blame (责备) ”和D“ criticize (批判),”从语气上不搭配,排除。 根据句子意思,是以开玩笑的口气说的,因此A "joke"用作“joke about sth.(对某事开玩 笑)”适合。 23.选D。此题考查形容词的比较级:the+比较级;the+比较级(越来越……)。选项A “much”和B “little”为形容词的原级,排除。选项C “more(更多) ”不合题意。此句意思为:一个不可避免的事实是,你越老,记忆力就越差? 24.选B。此题为固定搭配:blame (sth.)for sth.(把……归咎于……)。此句意思为:但随 着时间的流逝,我们倾向于把和年龄没有必然联系的一些问题归咎于年龄。 25.选A。此题考查名词意义辨析。此题可综合运用紧扣主题法和瞻前顾后法碡题。文章 首局句指出人们的普遍认识:“Advancing age means losing your hair.your waistline and your memory,right?上文又指出:we tend to blame age 24  problems that are not necessarily age—related.(我们倾向于把和年龄没有必然联系的一些问题归咎于年龄。) ”因此,70岁的老人会埋怨她的A “memory(记忆力)”,而不是B “mind(思想)”、C “trouble(麻烦)”和D “health(健康)”。 26.选B。此题考查动词意义辨析。可用去伪存真法解题。又上文,和此题所在的句子:“In fact.the 70一year—old may have been  26 things for decades.”中"In fact(事实上)” 是对上一句的否定。即问题不在于年龄,而在于她自身放错了位置。四个选项A "disorganizing(打乱)”、B “misplacing(错放)”、C “putting(放置)”和D “finding(找到)”只有B适合。 27.选D。此题考查副词意义辨析。由意思可知:对健康人而言,记忆力的减退不会像我们 大多数人想得那样快。四个选项中,B “frequently(经常地)”和C “timely(及时地)”不合题意,排除。A “swiftly(强调做事敏捷)”与动词“worsen”搭配不当。D “quickly(速度快地)”与下文“The brain’s processing  30 slows down over the years”形成对比,合适。 28.选C。此题考查动词意义辨析。由文章首句可知:年龄增长,记忆力可能减退。根据此 题所在的句子又知:“As we  28  ,the memory mechanism isn’t  29  ,”says psychologist Fergus Craik.…‘It’s just inefficient.”因此此句意思为:随着我们变老,记 忆机制效率不高。选项A “mature(成熟)”、B “advance(向前)”和D “grow(长大)”都不适 合。故选C “age(变老)”。 29.选A。由此题所在的句子又知:“As we  28  ,the memory mechanism isn’t 29  , ”says psychologist Fergus Craik.”“It’s just inefficient.”空白处和"inefficient(效率不高的)” 都是用来修饰“memory mechanism”,且"inefficient"是对空白处的补充,因此二者意思相 近,排除C “perfect(完美的)”和D “working(运转的)”。而B “poor(糟糕的)”与文章主旨不 符合,排除。故选A.“broken(破坏的)”。 30.选B。此题考查名词意义辨析。解题关键是看名词与所接动词的搭配。A “pattern(方 式)”、C “space(空间)”和“information(信息)”都不能与“slows down(放慢)”搭配,排除。 B “time(时间)”符合题意。此句意思为:年复一年,大脑处理事情的时间慢了下来。 31.选A。由此题“The brain’s processing  30  slows down over the years, though no one knows exactly  31  ”可知“though”前的句子说明年复一年,大脑处理事情的时间慢了下来。“though(尽管)”表示让步。意思为:没有人知道其确切原因。其余选项都不符合题意。 32.选B。此题考查连词。可以用逻辑关系推理法解题。上文提到:年复一年,大脑处理事 情的时间慢了下来。下一句“Recent research suggests”要揭示其原因。而“nerve cells lose efficiency(神经细胞效率的减少)”即研究结果成为了“less activity in the brain”的 原因。因此,两句存在因果关系,故选B "hence(因此)”。 33.选D。分析此题所处的句子“Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and 32  there’s less activity in the brain.But,cautions Barry Gordon,‘It’s not clear that less activity is  33  ”上文提到研究结果表明:神经细胞效率丢失导致大脑活动减少。转折连词"But"和动词“cautions(警告)”,表明Barry Gordon笄不同意这种说法。按照句子意思和形容词的比较级结构,选项D “worse(更糟)”合适。 34.选D。此题考查形容词。A “beginning athlete is winded(气喘吁吁)more easily than a 34  athlete.”由“than”可以看出是要把两类运动员相比较。D “trained(经专门训练的)”  与“beginning(新手的,开始的)”意思对应,符合题意。而B “senior(年长的、资格老的)”是干扰项,虽然在第2段出现过“senior moments”很多同学误以为34题是前面“senior moments”的复现结构。这样的同学问你一个常识性问题:“一个刚入门的运动员更易比[    ]的运动员来得气喘吁吁”这句话中运动的现象(气喘吁吁)与年长和资格老有关吗?你填“senior(年长的、资格老的)”那么你想想,新手(一般是年轻的)比资格老的(一般是年长的)更易气喘吁吁?这是反自然的,不客观的反常态的东西不要选。 35.选A。此题考查连词。分析上下文逻辑关系,“A beginning athlete is winded(气喘吁 吁)more easily than a  34  athlete.In the same way,  35 the brain gets more skilled at a task,it expends less energy on it.”可以看出“In the same way"前后为并列关系,前后两句在意思上保持一致,C “though”和D “yet”表示转折,排除。B “till(直到)”表示条件,不合题意,排除。A “as(随着)”合适。 36.选B。此题考查名词。固定搭配“take steps to do sth.(采取步骤以达到某目的)”。本 句意思:你可以采取几个步骤来补偿你记忆传送装置的正常延误。其余选项不合题意。 37.选B。此题考查动词。解题关键是动词与其宾语的搭配。选项B “takes"用作“take effort(努力)”符合题意。A “make”通常用作“make effort to do sth.(努力干某事)”。C “does”搭配不当。D “spends”用作"spend no effort to do sth (不遗余力干某事)”不符合题意。 38.选D。“study”是“学习,研究(不断,持续性)”的意思,强调过程。“study”是延续性动词。文中前半句交待:Margaret Swell says:“We’re a quick fix(quick-fix就shortcut捷径——隐喻为急功近利)culture[我们生活在一个急功近利的文化时代]but…(后面转折,即使急功近利,但是你应该怎样)——你必须不断学习,从而保持大脑良好状态”。 39.选D。此题考查固定搭配“in shape(处于良好状态,健康)”。“Keep your brain in shape (保持大脑健康)”与下文“a good body”前后呼应。 40.选C。此题考查连词。可以用逻辑关系推理法解题。“You go to the gym once a year 40 expect to stay in top form.”上文提到我们可以努力改善记忆传输过程中的失误。作 者以去健身房比喻对大脑的锻练“stay in top form.”与“Keep your brain in shape”对应。 “can’t”是对“go to the gym once a year”和“expect to stay in top form”的同时否定,二者为并列关系,故选C。 Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(40 points)    Directions:There are 4 passages in this part,Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a pencil. Questions 4 1 to 45 are based on the f0IIowing passage: Prior to the 20th century,many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries.The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation,a key factor in 1anguage maintenance and preservation It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead.Many powerful forces appear to work against it:population growth,which pushes migrant populations into the world’s last isolated locations:mass tourism;global telecommunications and mass media;and the spread of  gigantic g1obal corporations.All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising,popular culture,  and consumer products become similar.Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global1anguages of commerce and communication.For many of the world’ s peoples,learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education,economic opportunity,and a better way of 1ife. Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century.Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that? Whether most of these 1anguages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism (mastery of two languages).Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres——at home,among friends,in community settings——and a global language at work,in dealings with government,and in commercial spheres.In this way,many small languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages,rather than yield to the homogenizing(同化的)forces of globalization. Ironically,the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them.For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues.Linguists are currently using computer——aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened 1anguages. For many endangered languages,the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient(有活力的),however.  It is not just a tool for communicating,but also a powerful way of separating different groups,or of demonstrating group identity.Many indigenous(原生的,土著的)—communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language. 译文 在20世纪之前,很多种只有少数人使用的语言都留存[survive]了若干个世纪。联系[interconnect]日益[increasingly]密切的现代世界使小语种团体[1anguage community]更难存在于相对孤立[isolation]的环境中,这种相对的孤立对于语言的维系[maintenance(维护)and preservation(保存)]是至关重要的因素[factor]。 世界能否在未来的几个世纪中保持语言的[1inguistic]和文化的[cultural]多样性还未知。似乎存在许多破坏这一现实的强大力量:促使人口向世界上仅存的僻静之地[isolated location]迁移的人口增长;大规模的观光旅游(的发展);全球电信[telecommunication]和大众传媒(的推动);巨型跨国公司[gigantic global corporation]的扩展。所有这些动力都意味着未来广告语言、流行文化和消费者[consumer]产品[product]都会变得相似。英语和其他几个主要语言已经成为[emerge]商业[commerce]和交流[communication]的通用语言了。对世界上许多国家的人们来说,学习一种这样的语言被认为[be viewed as]是获得教育和经济机会[opportunity]的关键,是更好的一种生活方式。 在下个世纪,只有大约3,000种现存的语言有望存续下去。剩余的大多数语言接下来就要被判[doom]死刑吗? 这些语言中的多数是否能存续下去大概要有赖于文明族群希望通过母语保持他们特征 [identity]的强烈程度。这样做就要求强调[emphasis]双语(掌握两门语言)。掌握双语的人能在稍小范围内使用他们自己的语言——在家里、朋友之问和社团中,而在工作中、在跟政府部门打交道、以及在贸易[commercial]领域使用一种通用语言。这样很多小语种就能够跟通用语言并存,维系他们文化和语言的[1inguistic] 完整[integrity],而不受制于全球化[globalization]的同化影响。 具有讽刺意味地[ironically]是,威胁[threaten]到小语种[minority language]的技术革新[technological innovation]趋势也会帮助挽救它们。比如,有专家[expert]预言电脑软件翻译工具终有一天会使讲小语种的人们能够用他们的母语[native tongue]上网浏览。语言学家们现在正在应用计算机辅助学习工具教授很多行将消失的语言。 对于许多将要绝种的[endangered]语言,复活[revival]和消失之间只是一线之差[extremely thin]。然而,语言有着非凡地[remarkably]活力[resilient]。它不仅仅是交流的工具.而且是划分不同组群、展现族群特征的有力方法。许多土著社区[community]已经证明,召回他们独特[unique]语言特征使他们在现代世界生存是可能的。 参考答案解析 41.小语种能被最佳保存于_______ . A.相互联系日益密切的世界    B.保持很少数量的使用者 C.相对孤立的语言社区        D.秉承20世纪的传统 【思路详解】 解答:此题是细节题,根据题目关键词“Minority languages"定位于第一段最后一句话 “The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation。a key factor in language maintenance and preservation.”,选项C是原文重现,因此C为正确答案。 42.根据第二段,将来世界能够维系语言多样性是_______ 。 A.不确定的    B.不现实的 C.不可预见的    D.确定的 【思路详解】 解答:此题是推断题,根据第二段列举的“Many powerful forces appear to work against it”, 可推得第二段的主旨是“很多因素使维系语言多样性不现实”,因此B为正确答案。 43.根剧作者所说,双语能够帮助______ 。 A.小语种在工作场合成为能被接受的 B.同化世界语言和文化 C.通用语言进入家庭和社区 D.讲话者维系他们语言和文化的特征 【思路详解】  解答:此题是细节题,根据关键词"bilingualism"定位于第三段,选项D是第三段"In this way,many small languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity along— side global languages"的原文重现,因此D为正确答案。 44.电脑技术有助于维系小语种因为它_______ 。 A.使学习通用语言不必要 B.使学习和使用这些语言更容易 C.提高公众挽救这些语言的意识 D.使语言学家学习这些语言更容易 【思路详解】 解答:此题是推断题,选项B和D含义相近,根据第五段所举的例子“Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages.”可证明电脑技术使学习和使用这些语言更容易,因此B为正确答案。 45.根据作者的观点,许多行将消失的语言 A.被完好地保存于现代世界 B.是非常强大的交际工具 C.很有可能复活而不是消亡 D.是将不同的群体集合到一起的独特方法 【思路详解】 解答:此题是细节题,根据关键词"endangered languages"定位于最后一段的“Language is remarkably resilient.”,选项C与其含义相同,因此C为正确答案。 Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage: Everyone,it seems,has a health problem.After pouring billions into the National Health Service,British people moan about dirty hospitals.long waits and wasted money.In Germany the new chancellor,Angela Merkel,is under fire for suggesting changing the financing of its health system.Canada’s new Conservative Prime Minister,Stephen Harper.made a big fuss during the election about reducing the country’s lengthy medical queues.Across the rich world,affluence,ageing and advancing technology are driving up health spending faster than income.    But nowhere has a bigger health problem than America.Soaring medical bills are squeezing wages,swelling the ranks of the uninsured and pushing huge firms and perhaps even the government towards bankruptcy.Ford’s announcement this week that it would cut up to 30.000 jobs by 2012 was as much a sign of it’s “legacy” health—care costs as of the ills of the car industry.Pushed by polls that show health care is one of his main domestic problems and by forecasts showing that the retiring baby—boomers(生育高峰期出生的人) Wi11 crush the government’s finances,  George Bush is to unveil a reform plan in next Week’s state—of  —the  —union address. America’s health system is unlike any other.The Unite States spends 1 6%of its GDP on health,around twice the rich—country average,equivalent to  $6,280 for every American each year.Yet it is the only rich country that does not guarantee universal health coverage.Thanks  to  an  accident  of  history,most  Americans  receive health insurance through their employer.With the government picking up the bill for the poor and the elderly. This curious hybrid(混合物)certainly has its strengths.Americans have more choice than anybody else, and  their  health—care  system  is  much  more innovative.Europeans’ bills could be much higher if American medicine were not doing much of their Research and Development(R&D)for them.But there are also huge weaknesses.The one most often cited  especially by foreigners——is the army of uninsured.Some 46 million Americans do not have cover.In many cases that is out of choice and if they fall seriously ill,hospitals have to treat them.But it is still deeply unequal.And there are also shocking inefficiencies:by some measures,30%of American health spending is wasted. Then there is the question of state support.Many Americans disapprove of the“socialized medicine”of Canada and Europe.In fact,even if much of the administration is done privately,around 60%of America’s heath—care bill ends up being met by the government.Proportionately,  the American state already spends as much on health as the OECD (Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development)average,and that share is set to grow as the baby—boomers run up their Medicare bills and ever more employers avoid providing health—care coverage.America is,in effect,heading towards a version of socialized medicine by default. 译文 看上去每个人都存在医疗问题。在向国家健康服务部门倾注[pour into]了数十亿的资 金后,英国人抱怨[moan]脏乱的[dirty]医院.长长的等待和浪费[waste]挣的金钱。在德国,新总理[chancellor]Angela Merkel因为建议[suggest]改变医疗体系[system] 的资金筹措[financing]方法而受到攻击。加拿大新任保守[conservative]党总理Stephen Harper,在竞选[election]期间就减少[reduce]就医排长队 [1engthy]的问题大做文章[make a big fuss]。在发达国家,富裕[affluence]、老龄化[ageing]和技术[technology]进步都使医疗花费[spending]增长超过收入[income]增长。 但是哪里的医疗问题也没有美国严重。高昂的[soaring]医疗费挤占[squeeze]了工资[wage],淹没了未保险[uninsured]者,使一些大公司甚至政府都濒临破产[bankruptcy]。本周,福特宣布[announcement]将在2012年前缩减30,000个职位,这既是医疗费问题遗留的征兆,也是汽车工业[industry]的隐疾。民意调查表明,医疗是其国内 [domestic]主要问题之一;预测[forecast]表明在生育高峰期出生并已退休的[retiring]人会拖垮政府财政。受其影响,在下周的联邦演讲中,George Bush将要宣布一项改革[reform]计划。 美国的医疗体系跟其他任何国家都不同。美国要花费其国民生产总值的16%用于医疗,大约是发达国家平均水平的二倍,相当[equivalent]于每年人均6,280美元。但美国也是唯一不保证[guarantee]普遍医疗覆盖的发达国家。多亏历史上的一个事故,大多数美国人通过他们的雇主获得医疗保险[health insurance],而政府则负责那些贫穷和上了年纪的[elderly]人的医疗费。 这一特殊混合物[hybrid]当然有其优点。美国人比任何国家的人选择都多,并且他们的医疗体系很新[innovative]。如果美国的医药界不为他们做大量的研发,欧洲人的医疗费会更多。最常常被提起[cite] 的——尤其[especially]是被外国人[foreigner]提起的——就是军人没有医疗保险。大约46,000,000美国人没被覆盖。如果他们得了重[seriously]病,就没得选择,医院必须对他们进行救治。但仍很不平等[unequal]。效率也极低:有估算[measure]30%美国人的医疗费用被浪费了。 因此产生了政府支持问题。许多美国人不赞成[disapprove]加拿大和欧洲实施的“公费医疗[socialized medicine]”。事实上,即使很多行政部门私下[privately]行动.大约60%的美国医疗费都是由政府买单的。相应地[proportionately],美国政府在医疗上的开销等同于其在经济合作与发展组织中的平均数,而这一份额是用于支付生育高峰期出生的人们的医疗费的,数量比以往都要多的雇员逃避为医疗覆盖[coverage]埋单。实际上,美国正在取消[by default]公费医疗制度。 参考答案解析 46.文中提到的医疗问题不包括下面_________ 。 A.英国糟糕的医院条件      B.Angela Merkel受到指责 C.德国医疗经费的筹措      D.加拿大排长队 【思路详解】 解答:此题是推断题,选项B是政治问题不符合题目要求,因此B为正确答案。 47.福特宣布到2012年前减少30,000个职位表明福特_________。 A.在汽车行业中医疗问题最严重    B.从其遗留的医疗问题中获益 C.累积了太沉重的医疗负担        D.欠雇员很多债 【思路详解】 解答:此题是细节题,根据题目中的关键词“30,000”“2012”定位于第二段的“Ford’s announcement this week that it would cut up to 30,000 jobs by 2012 was as much a sign of it’s‘legacy’health—care costs as of the ills of the car industry”,选项C与其含义相同,因此C为正确答案。 48.根据作者的观点,美国的医疗体系________ 。 A.效率低    B.灵活    C.不受欢迎    D.成功 【思路详解】 解答:此题是推断题,根据题目关键词“America’ s health system"定位于第三、四段,根 据第四段最后一句话“And there are also shocking inefficiencies:by some measures,30%of American health spending is wasted"可知美国医疗体系效率很低,选项A与其含义相同,因此A为正确答案。 49.文中暗示__________ 。 A.美国的医疗体系存在优点和缺点 B.美国政府为穷人和老人支付医疗费 C.大约46,000,000的美国人没有医疗保险 D.欧洲人从美国的医疗研究中获益匪浅 【思路详解】 解答:此题是推断题,根据各个选项的关键词迅速在原文中定位,A、B、C三项都是文中明确说明的,选项D需要通过“Europeans’bills could be much higher if American medicine were not doing much of their Research and Development(R&D)for them”推出,因此D为正确答案。 50.从最后一段我们了解到“社会化医疗”是      A.加拿大和欧洲的举措 B.被美国采纳的一项政策 C.为生育高峰期出生的人们退休之用 D.由私营企业执行的 【思路详解】 解答:此题是含义题,根据题目关键词“socialized medicine"定位于”Many American disapprove of the‘socialized medicine’of Canada and Europe.”,根据前后句可推知句意,借助句意知道"socialized medicine"的含义是加拿大和欧洲的举措.因此A为正确答案。 Questions 5 1 t0 55 are based on the following passage: When Thomas Keller,one。f America's foremost chefs, announced that on Sept.1 he would abolish the practice of tipping at Per Se.his luxury restaurant in New York City,and replace it with European—style service charge,I knew three groups would be opposed:customers,servers and restaurant owners.These three groups are all committed to tipping—as they quickly made clear on Web sites.To oppose tipping.it seems, is to be anticapita1ist,and maybe even a little French. But Mr.Keller is right to move away from tipping—and it’s worth exploring why just about everyone else in the restaurant world is wrong to stick with the practice. Customers believe in tipping because they think it makes economic sense.“Waiters know that they won’t get paid if they don’t do a good job”is how most advocates of the system would put it.To be sure,this is a tempting,apparently rational statement about economic theory,but it appears to have little applicability to the real world of restaurants. Michael Lynn,an associate professor of consumer behavior and marketing at Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration,has conducted dozens of students of tipping and has concluded that consumers assessments of the quality of service correlate weakly to the amount they tip. Rather,customers are likely to tip more in response to servers touching them lightly and leaning forward next to the table to make conversation than to how often their water glass is refilled—in other words, customers tip more when they like the server, not when the service is good.Mr.Lynn’s studies also indicate that male customers increase their tips for female servers while female customers increase their tips for male servers. What’s more,consumers seem to forget that the tip increases as the bill increases.Thus,the tipping system is an open invitation to what restaurant professionals call“up-welling”:every bottle of imported water,every espresso and every cocktail is extra money in the server’s pocket.Aggressive upwelling for tips is often rewarded while low—key,quality service often goes unrecognized. In addition,the practice of tip pooling,which is the norm in fine—dining restaurants and is becoming more in every kind of restaurant above the level of a greasy spoon,has ruined whatever effect voting with your tip might have had on an individual waiter.In an unreasonable outcome,you are punishing the good waiters in the restaurant by not tipping the bad one.Indeed,there appear to be little connection between tipping and good service. ■译文 当Thomas Keller——美国首席[foremost]厨师[chef]之一 ——宣布[announce]从九月一日起在纽约城豪华[luxury]饭店[restaurant]Per Se.中取消小费制度,而换[replace with]之以欧洲的服务收费方式,我相信有三种人会反对[oppose]顾客[customer]、服务员和饭店老板[owner]。这三种人与小费制度密切相关—并且他们很快在网上表明了这一点。反对小费制度似乎是反资本主义的[anticapitalist],可能甚至有点儿法国式的。 但是在取消小费制度上,Keller先生是正确的一一餐饮行业几乎所有的人都坚持[stick with]这, 种做法的原因也值得探讨[exploring]. 顾客支持小费制度是因为他们觉得这样有经济[economic]意义.大多数支持[advocate]这项制度的人这样认为“服务员[waiter]知道如果他们不好好服务就得不到小费”。的确,这是关于经济理论[theory]很具吸引力、也很[apparently]理性的[rational]陈述[statement],但真正对餐饮业的适用性[applicability]不大。 康奈尔大学酒店管理[administration]学院的消费者行为[behavior]与营销学[marketing]副教授[an associate professor]Michael Lynn研究了许多[dozens of]学生付小费的情况后得出结论[conclude]:消费者对服务[service]质量[quality]的评价[assessment]跟他们支付的小费数额联系[correlate]不大。 相对于频频斟满他们的水杯的侍者而言,顾客更愿意[in response t]多付小费给那些跟他们有接触或是向餐桌俯身跟他们聊上几句[make conversation]的侍者.顾客是因为喜欢这个侍者而不是他的服务到位而多给小费。Lynn的研究也表明[indicate]。男顾客会多给女侍者、女顾客会多给男侍者小费。 而且,消费者似乎忘记了消费越多,小费越多。这样给小费的规矩就是公开要餐饮业的专业人员[professional] “水涨船高”:一瓶进口[import]浓咖啡[espresso]和一杯鸡尾酒[cocktail]都要给额外[extra]付给侍者小费。小费越付越多,而低调、质量服务则不被认可。 此外,作为好饭店准则的、正在为更多各类饭店所接受的集中[pool]小费的做法,破坏[ruin]了你付小费对侍者个人[individual]的影响。一个不合理的 [unreasonable]结果是你在饭店通过不给服务差的侍者小费来惩罚 [punish]服务好的侍者。的确,付小费和优质服务之间几乎没有关系。 参考答案解析 51.可以推断欧洲式的服务      。 A.不付小费的              B.几乎不收小费 C.是作者发起的            D.由Per—se提供 【思路详解】 解答:此题是推断题,选项A和B含义相近,根据"he would abolish the practice of tip— ping at Per Se.his luxury restaurant in New York City,and replace it with European —style service charge,replace"表明与付小费制度相反,因此A为正确答案。 52.根据作者的观点,下面哪个不真实? A.在餐饮业付小费是普遍的做法    B.侍者不在乎小费 C.顾客通常笃信付小费            D.付小费与服务的质量关系甚微 【思路详解】 解答:此题是推断题,根据各个选项的关键词迅速在原文中定位,选项A、c、D都是文中明确说明的,因此B为正确答案。 53.根据Michael Lynn的研究,侍者可能得到更多的小费如果他们      。 A.提供优质服务          B.经常斟满顾客的水杯 C.讨顾客喜欢            D.为同性顾客服务 【思路详解】 解答:此题是细节题.根据关键词"more tips"定位于"customers tip the more when they like the server, not when the service is good".,选项C和原文含义相同 54.我们可以从上下文推断"upwelling"(第6段第2行)的意思可能是        A.卖完              B.出售奇特的东西 C.出售多余的东西    D.以更昂贵的价格出售某物 【思路详解】 解答:此题是含义题,根据前句"What’s more,consumers seem to forget that the tip increases as the bill increases"和冒号后面对"upwelling"的解释"every bottle of imported water。every espresso and every cocktail is extra money in the server’s pocket.”,可推得正确答案D。 55.此文主要讲述      。 A.废除付小费行为的原因    B.付小费的经济意义 C.消费者对付小费的态度    D.为优质服务付小费 【思路详解】 解答:此题是主旨题,通读首、尾段的首、尾句后可知本文主要讲述废除付小费行为的原因,因此A为正确答案 Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:    “I promise.”“I swear to you it’ll never happen again.”“I give you my word.““Honestly.Believe me.”Sure,I trust.Why not? I teach English composition at a private college.With a certain excitement and intensity,I read my students’essays,hoping to find the person behind the pen.As each semester progresses,plagiarism(剽窃)appears.Not only is my intelligence insulted as one assumes 1 won’t detect a polished piece of prose from an otherwise—average writer,but I feel a sadness that a student has resorted to buying a paper from a peer.Writers have styles 1ike fingerprints and after several assignments.I can match a student’s work with his or her name even if it’s missing from the upper lefthand corner. Why is learning less important than a higher grade—point average(GPA)? When we’re threatened or sick,we make conditional promises.“If you let me pass math I will….. ” “Lord, if you get me over this before the big homecoming game I’ll…”Once the situation is behind us ,so are the promises. Human nature? Perhaps,  but we do use that cliché(陈词滥调)to get us out of uncomfortable bargains.Divine interference during distress is asked;gratitude is unpaid.After all,few fulfiIl the contract,so why should anyone be the exception.Why not ? Six years ago, I took a student before the dean. He had turned in an essay with the vocabulary and sentence structure of PhD thesis. Up until that time, both his out —of —class and in— class work were borderline passing. I questioned the person regarding his essay and he swore it I’d understand this copy would not have the time and attention an out一of—class paper is given,but he had already a finished piece so he understood what was asked.He sat one hour,then turned in part of a page of unskilled writing and faulty 1ogic.I confronted him with both essays. “I promise…I’m not lying.” I swear to you that I wrote the essay. I’m just nervous today.
/
本文档为【2007年英语二答案解析】,请使用软件OFFICE或WPS软件打开。作品中的文字与图均可以修改和编辑, 图片更改请在作品中右键图片并更换,文字修改请直接点击文字进行修改,也可以新增和删除文档中的内容。
[版权声明] 本站所有资料为用户分享产生,若发现您的权利被侵害,请联系客服邮件isharekefu@iask.cn,我们尽快处理。 本作品所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用。 网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽..)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。

历史搜索

    清空历史搜索