弋阳腔①（Yiyang cavity）

弋阳腔①（Yiyang cavity） 弋阳腔?(Yiyang cavity) A brief introduction of Yiyang chamber opera. Referred to as "Yi cavity", is the Song Yuan spread to Jiangxi in Yiyang, combined with the local dialect, folk music, and music evolved absorption. It has appeared in the late Yuan Dynasty at the latest. Ming and Qing two generations, Yiyang cavity development in the north and South Fanyan, become one of the main folk tune. Qing Li Diaoyuan "drama" said: "this is the beginning of Yiyang Yi cavity," Gao Qiang "". It is also known as China Yiyang cavity. Yiyang cavity is China ancient opera, which originated from Nanxi, produced in Yiyang, formed in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming dynasty. Yiyang is located in the northeast of Jiangxi letter River, an old Guangxin, Han Jian fifteen years (210) to the county, is located in Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi highway, known as Wang Zhen Yu jiang. In the mid Southern Song Dynasty, flourishing in Zhejiang Nanxi, by letter Jiang, was introduced into Jiangxi, in the Yiyang area to the Buddhist story as the core, financial and local music in the meantime Nanqu opera, "was changed to benefit", in which Yuanmomingchu a new local opera, called Yiyang chamber. With Kunshan, Yu Yaoqiang, Haiyan tune cavity is called the four tune. Yiyang cavity after the birth of the "fiction and drama" 100 "even misuse language artistic characteristics, Xiang" deeply loved by the masses, in the widely circulated. To the Ming Dynasty, Beijing, Nanjing, Hunan, to Guangdong, Fujian, Anhui rapid development, reached the peak. The first in the country formed a large power system, affecting the north and South thirteen provinces forty tune operas, promoting the development process China local folk opera. After the founding of new Chinese, Yiyang chamber of ancient wood in spring, 1953 established the Jiangxi Provincial Department of culture, Yiyang Province Chamber actor training, training a new generation of Yiyang China first cavity children; 1958, in Yiyang, the birthplace of Yiyang County Chamber was built in Yiyang in 1959, the Yiyang chamber professional troupe; chamber drama "the resurrection" in central Mount Lu the leadership performance, get high praise of Chairman Mao "Ms Johnson sweet". In the past twenty years, due to various reasons, the inheritance of Yiyang cavity has gone into difficulties, which has aroused great attention of Party committees and governments at all levels. Two OO four years in April, the Ministry of culture has been included in the Yiyang chamber of China national folk culture protection project pilot, provincial and municipal departments have taken various measures to protect the Yiyang cavity, especially Yiyang cavity birthplace - Yiyang County, the county government set up specialized agencies, formulate protection plan issued the protection of funds, and the relevant departments jointly held the "Yiyang China chamber (high) seminar, training the actor, restored to establish the company, can do a lot of work to protect the heritage of Yiyang cavity, and achieved remarkable results. Yiyang tune is an exotic flower of Chinese traditional culture. It is irreplaceable to the development of Chinese opera, especially the local opera in china. It stretches so far, although the rise and fall, but not always, show strong vitality and artistic charm, is not much cultural heritage. Two, the history of (a) the possibility of Nanxi early in Yiyang Yiyang is one of the four tunes Nanxi cavity. Nanxi from Wenzhou, also known as the "Yongjia opera". Zhejiang, Jiangxi province is the same as the spring and Autumn period, Wu and Yue territory. Jiangxi, Raozhou Xinzhou and Zhejiang Wenzhou close at hand. And the Raozhou, Xinzhou belonging to "Zhejiang and other for the Secretariat" jurisdiction. Since two, geography and history so closely, was born in Zhejiang in the beginning of the formation of Wenzhou Nanxi should enter Yiyang in it. According to Ming Zhu Yunming "indecent talk" saying, "for he Nanxi (1119), on the occasion of nandujiang". Liu Xun "biography of Wu Yongzhang": "Xian Xian Chun (1265 - 1274)", Yongjia opera out, splash juvenile,......". This is a precious Nanxi into Jiangxi the earliest written record. But it can not draw Nanxi into Yiyang in the safehome after the conclusion. Otherwise, after the birth of Nanxi more than 100 years before entering Yiyang, and then in Yiyang gave birth to the profound influence of "Yiyang cavity", is puzzling. Spend too like in 1991 presided over the compilation of "Yiyang county", according to legend that Nanxi into Yiyang, and the Southern Song Dynasty Chen Kangbo of Yiyang and the Southern Song Dynasty Yiyang week hold lamb et al, worthy of attention. The people of Yiyang Chen Kangbo (1097 - 1165), and for three years jinshi. This is the so-called "and have fun with the citizens" and "play music for the wine into the drama" the drama cultural prosperity period. As a new Jinshi, Chen Kangbo then follow the social trend and government preferences, become an enthusiast of Nanxi, is predictable. Chen Kangbo soon become at home during the Dingyou three years, done a great thing for the village. Guixi pirates and their villages, Kang uprising uprising, the capture of its canal head, the city was full." This shows that Chen Kangbo in his hometown is with vigour and vitality, rather than blindly keep reclusive and sad. Chen Kangbo repeatedly asked his home. "Next year, Gaiyuan Longxing, Suiyi Taibao, please view the Yijian, Dianda, Fukuoka gongpan Xinzhou b.". Once at home homebound; Dingyou, once at home (Xinzhou) as an official, experienced "and have fun with the citizens" and "Jin Feng Lu Gong" of the imperial court, Chen Kangbo and Nanxi spread in Yiyang has nothing to do, seems to be justified. Chen Kangbo was a contemporary with the king of Wenzhou, and they were officials of the same dynasty. Thirty-one years in Shaoxing, Wang Shipeng change in Shilang official department, the speech, know the raozhou". Wang Shipeng went to Raozhou office, through Yiyang County, once in the blue sky cave Academy (renamed the Hill Academy) lectures, and visit the home of Chen's dingyou. Wang Shipeng donated a batch of Chen Nanxi drama." Although this piece of text comes from folk rumors, it is reasonable. Another Yiyang man holds the lamb (1094 - 1170 weeks) for examination and for six years. Also in the government to indulge in "as you play with regalia" cultural atmosphere in the career path, and first served in Zhejiang, Huzhou. In the early weeks of "seeking to hold young stepmother Liu Ji, go begging raise, Fuzhou Yihuang County magistrate". Shaoxing five years (1135 weeks), with lamb and Ding Mu worry, go back to Yiyang. "The next spring, moved too often. It will suggest Mingtang, lejiu big waste not repair, Zhao Xi often in Yizhi, visit the news / reading series, multiplexer, produced only by the. Tired to move our right Yuanwai lang." The later, "Central Plains lost and fall." All the Jiaofang music book, musical instruments, music "music talents are lost. Week hold too often as lamb Cheng, both to improve the national musical instrument producer of music, perfect the system, but also to the people to visit, news, including music and dance talent. If such a ritual officials, even the Nanxi expense, is unreasonable. In fact, the so-called "such obscene voice" as early as in the "governance" (1111) period has been popular in the upper class society. "Liu Huanyan:" old Bingbu Shilang states have a feast called Gongshi, "deer", for in PM with music, easy to such obscene voice. "" At that time, in the county of a tribute to the actress, the obscene voice instead of "deer" elegant music atmosphere, is a common phenomenon. Chen Kangbo and Zhou hold lambs live in such a "big environment", become the Nanxi actively communicators can be imagined. Yiyang belonged to Rao Prefecture in Song dynasty. Raozhou culture developed, talented people. Poyang Hong Hao and his three sons, Hong Shi, Hong Zun, Hong Mai "Home Furnishing ten six years, brothers and sons to the utmost, Senran, chant music works." 12 Hong Mai's "Yi Jian Zhi" wrote many of the opera activities at that time. Which actor "pro show" is a very important article about the Song Dynasty opera. Raozhou Guixi Zhang Yun and Chen Kangbo with three years scholars, the official set British temple Xiuzhuan, to apply to lift Jiangzhou Wen ge. Rao, Wei Anhang of Leping and the same week with lamb and for six years jinshi. Wei Anhang first Hunan city Changsha Cheng, after the Yiyang magistrate, officials made the door, and Chen Kangbo and Zhou Zhigao and entertainment is inevitable. From Song Huizong to Chongning Xuanhe years Jinshi origin of Raozhou and Cheng Kejun of Fuliang, Cheng Yu, Zhang Qi of Dexing, Wang Zao, Zhang Tao, Zhu Simeng of Leping. Can not say that these people are closely related with the Nanxi, but to ignore the Nanxi in Raozhou Xuanhe period is also difficult. Nanxi in Raozhou active is two in Southern Song Dynasty tombs unearthed porcelain figurines to play. First, the nine tombs of the Southern Song Dynasty unearthed in Jiangxi, Jingdezhen in 1979. One is unearthed in 1975 in Poyang County of Southern Song Dynasty Hong Zicheng tomb pottery figurines. The tombs of the nine dynasties were twenty-two years (1152) in Southern Song Dynasty (Shaoxing). Hong Zicheng is the grandson of Hong Mai, Hong Hao's great grandson. Hong Hao was born in 1088 and died in 1155. The time of Hong Zicheng's tomb was 1264 a.d.. Raozhou Hong family drama with at least four generations for more than 200 years. (two) social factors in the formation of Yiyang dialect The Yiyang dialect originated in the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, which is a common understanding among the historians of drama. However, since the Southern Song Dynasty, through Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty, Yiyang has almost never been in chaos. Both of the fierce resistance invasion of Jin, there are poor farmers to live because of oppressive struggle with the people to save the nation; fearless of death for a just cause Ju Yi, also has to the pirates and the rebels resolutely fight back. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Jiangxi became more and more involved in the war. The emperor yuan four years (1338) broke out in response to the "white lotus" Jiangxi Yuanzhou uprising. Positive twelve years (1352) February, the "white lotus" organization "Red Army" in Raozhou and Xinzhou area, launched the anti yuan battle. The "white lotus" uprising lasted for decades, "Jiangyou was the first soldier, county collapse column." Many people in the unrest and war in the family, displaced, protect the township, the complex Chang Sheng, the latter is very rare, Jiang xiang." In Ming Dynasty, Yiyang suffered much. "Yi to war frequently, officials and houses on luxuriant vegetation." First "Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hubei and Hunan to 1000 in all chaos." "Tak two years, Ding Mao, Yugan county magistrate pan Heng Tai, more than seven people more excited, dry and Wang Haoba (Yao). The source of chaos, robbing the Yiyang flow." "Masanori five years (1510) Yao origin stolen, will be committed to Yiyang."." Until the Zhengde seven years "construction chaos rampant, Yiyang is busy recruiting, grazing residents." The unrest spread to Guixi, misgovernment makes the people rebel Qianshan, Leping, Dexing, Poyang and other places. Masanori fourteen years (1519) Jiangxi people suffer from Zhu Chenhao ningwang insurgents. Zhu Chenhao sent out to buy fur, making armor, build weapons, training soldiers, the incorporation of Poyang Lake in the vicinity of the bandit thief, conspiracy insurrection. Wang Shouren sent troops to the counter insurgency, war hit the whole Ganjiang River in Poyang Lake area. Wars and famine have forged the unyielding character of the people in Yiyang and nearby areas. In no circumstances, "levy is a common resistance." The mood of revolt grows with each passing day. "Seoul years, renxinbugu, Chun Li Zhuo who, simplicity, strong hard go Xi Xing fraud lawsuit is to invade, rest, as the former thief sprawl, cover different." Yiyang life of upright, evil, dare to resist exploitation and oppression is traditional. The Ming Dynasty, Yiyang county magistrate Cheng Youshou of Xin'an said: "Yi Wu Wanyi, and when Gubaili seal, the ancestors of the high wind lonely day, cold is angry, and a cultural relic in the river right." The so-called "high wind solitary segment", The cold is angry, is to the people of Yiyang upright character, jieruqiu, another interpretation of aggressive spirit, another interpretation. Yiyang Kunqiang also originated in the cavity and Nanxi, but Yiyang Kunqiang cavity and the social background be quite different. Although the initial Kunqiang is: "the village for the song, music, also rare rhythm, the abnormal acts of agriculture, shinv smooth singing". However, after the literati Kunqiang crafted in the den, after the intellectual poem friends, carefully pondering, gently tapping hardwood clappers, word mill, art processing packaging carefully. The harsh social reality of Yiyang Yuan Dynasty and its surrounding area, decided Yiyang cavity may not be impossible to relieve the euphemism, it's so easy to fall, not the pursuit of exquisite and refined. Yiyang is not born in the cavity of literati in the study, not for pondering after the meal is not ideal setting for a couple in love, pastime, not even singing in a feast on the high officials and noble lords. Yiyang opera is cavity of the lower classes, is a product of social life is turbulent, threatened the struggle and cry; standing on the edge of the cliff, hanging on the summons and salvation; encouraging the courage to live in the face of hunger and death; life is the ideal sustenance and an interpretation of life. Yiyang opera art style is plain, not rough; is the passion, not indifference of sorrow; is the unifying of human souls, not noisy vulgar; Wang is unrestrained, not the weak light. Yiyang cavity art is based on the rich humanistic culture in Yiyang (the whole Rao prefecture), and is built on the rich regional culture. Strong regional cultural characteristics, special humanistic spirit is the source of vigorous development of Yiyang cavity art. Yiyang cavity relies on the strong visual and auditory impact to create the soul of the adult. Sonorous gongs and drums, to love moving, unfettered free play, and "to the tune of song", "misuse of Xiang language, expressive and passionate chimed in, making Yiyang cavity to get beyond the dialect and the regional culture of the limitations of art through the force, affinity, and integration of various geographical and cultural penetration. (three) the widespread spread of Yiyang is caused by a large population loss Tang Xianzu in the "Yihuang County Qingyuan Temple" drama God said: "Yiyang tune to Jiajing and vast, into Leping, as the emblem of poplar." There are various understandings of Tang Xianzu's passage. When we the people of Yiyang in Yuan and Ming Dynasties, especially after Jiajing suffered war and famine continue suffering, when understanding, the so-called "Yiyang tune" should draw a deeper conclusion. The Ming Dynasty version of "Yiyang county" for the Yiyang population is explained by the The people live in destitution., "Yi people hundreds of years, Yi Yi huang. However, the key editions of books, and to the inherent households, run away migration, not an earth with the world." Faced with a serious crisis of survival, in the face of endless war and years of continuous famine, a lot of people's migration and escape, is inevitable. The Ming Dynasty "Southern CI narrative records" said: "the current singers called Yiyang cavity, but out of Jiangxi, two Beijing, Hunan, Fujian, widely used."......" "Nan CI Xu Lu" inscribed in the Jiajing thirty-eight years (1559), that is to say thirty-eight years before and after Jiajing, Yiyang cavity has been in the country wide spread. This is consistent with Tang Xianzu and Yiyang to Jiajing of the vast "argument is seemingly contradictory. Chenghua, Hongzhi to Jiajing Jiangxi is Yiyang and the whole area of Jiangxi people living in the most difficult, the most critical for survival, life's difficulties, to carry food technology, Zhen Quartet, "when no business". Migration and escape made Yiyang disappear in its original place, but in people's place, Yiyang was still popular. According to the Ming Dynasty fan Lian cloud according to the "notes" records: "the actor in Scarlett, lung resection, There are people of Yiyang County for the show, Yiyang has a uniform advocate, in their song......." This historical data is the real record of the Yiyang people who fled to Songjiang and "settled down" and settled down. Due to the arrival of Yiyang, "Yiyang pear" in Suzhou and Songjiang area flourished, not some intellectual prejudice, deliberately excluded from the Yiyang chamber of the lower classes, a short period of time is not in Yiyang cavity Suzhou and Songjiang area on the decline of the. The exodus of Yiyang and its surrounding areas, people looking for shelter in place, some people after Leping, Fuliang County, southern Anhui into the area, combined with Yuyao local cavity, resulting in a "Leping cavity" and "Qingyang cavity"; some people through Guixi, Yihuang, Fujian and Guangdong to continue in-depth the local opera, promote the transformation; some people through Nanchang into Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan and other places. During the Wanli period, Wang Shi, who was appointed by the Lancang military corps of Yunnan, witnessed the situation of "Yunnan province and the five or six of the people's residence". The refugees fled, spewing influence Yiyang cavity. With deep nostalgia, without nostalgia, spread in the refugee middle, had to Yiyang to resolve the agitation of the cavity. Since then, the right merchants have joined, strengthened the momentum of the Yiyang tune, and expanded the influence of the Yiyang tune in all parts of the country. "No music, only along the local customs", "to the tune of the song", "misuse Xiang language" flexible and inclusive, making Yiyang cavity around the soil to take root, derived from the local opera to gradually flourish, Yiyang cavity became one of many sources of local opera. Three, the characteristics of early Ming style, singing cavity like structure in Yiyang, Yu Yaoqiang, Kunshan, Haiyan cavity cavity, from Nanxi liantao Qupai system, the role of business for Nanxi, sub Sheng, Dan, at the end of the net, and the ugly. The stage performance, namely, do, read, sing and play drums without restraint, only after the orchestral accompaniment, the so-called "blindly drums up" (Feng Menglong "three Zhang Yu Sui Ping Yao Zhuan Xu"). Ming Dynasty, Qingyang, Yiyang and other Pacific cavity chamber system, the development of "roll", first breakthrough linked sets Qupai format, change in the legend of the system. In Qing Dynasty, Luantan rise, high, Kunming, chaos "three class", in the process of forming multi tune operas, some areas due to influence of Kunqiang pitched, beginning with tube, strings and flute accompaniment to mainly, and most pitched operas is still keep using traditional percussion control. Although Yiyang has undergone several changes around the cavity, but has remained a common feature and style. Ming Tang Xianzu "Yihuang County Qingyuan Temple" drama God said: "the river west of Yiyang, the festival to drum. Its tune?." Ming Ji De "Melody" said: "this to" Yiyang "and" Taiping "Dagon sing, and that the water board." Li Yu "xianqingouji" said: "" Yiyang "and" Siping "cavity, multi tone words, and as a relief. There are a number of people open, one cavity, called a man, a real word." Wang Zhengxiang "the new twelve", the general law of rock spectrum said: "try reading the book of Le Zhizhi is singing, and sigh, sanyi. A human hair said the sound of singing; all said and Qisheng into words; contact, pure as endless, and mixed to sing, and between Yue and sigh, the three, is the Yi song. From this point of view, the singer, that is, the tune is also called; and the person, that is, the so-called secular cavity also; sigh, that is, today's rolling white also." According to the above cited in today's high pitched, shows the traditional characteristics of the Yiyang tune, such as songs (Qian Chang), (Jieqiang) chimed in and roll (roll, roll tune singing white) still survives. One person opens the mouth, a few people connect the cavity, The original is a way of singing from the working masses, yangko dance songs, folk songs and other songs for labor, drama art in the Tang Dynasty, "mother" has set foot roll can be seen. To the song play after the formation of commonly used southern opera tune, and in order to meet the requirements of development and change of drama. Yiyang tune, to continue the development of songs, chimed in, which chimed in is not a simple sentence to help, but according to the need of theatrical performances, combined with the characterization, expression and meaning of the plot and lay out the sound and feeling become flexible use, heighten the atmosphere, Dianran situation, characters, artistic poubai joint account means. And a man, and later Zhongbang chimed in with the suona instead of voice chimed in various methods and help the sentence, for half a sentence, word, sentence and word help only help different forms of sound, give full play to the singing art of drama function, enhance the effect of the stage. As the opera art performance method, originated from Nanxi, rapid development in the Yiyang tune, especially with the Qingyang chamber gundiao, has an important influence on the later parts of the high (see Qingyang cavity). As for the important position in the Yiyang roll tune tune singing art, and how to properly use can play its role, the Qing emperor Wang Zhengxiang twelve law "new legend" in that spectrum, Jingqiang as Kunqiang by music into sound can help sweet, Yiyang cavity (Jingqiang) to make the "love song" to "carry forward the good" is not "roll" can not be. He also pointed out that in the "rolling" and stressed the necessity of: "at the same time, such as scenery, teaser, Wen and other shows, the original can not roll; if the situation, death and mourning, the boudoir, all the sad thing, must be smooth roll one or two, is feeling the sense observed for contact." This is the summary of the practical experience of using "roll tune" to create, which shows that "roll tune" is the most suitable expression of emotional excitement, and promote the deepening of drama conflict. It not only enriches and strengthens the expressive ability of music, but also creates the condition for the expression of Qu and actor's facial expression. Yiyang Tuge, chimed in, roll tune cavity with the singing form, Gong, drum control, assist, resulting in a "drum cymbals sprang, lively atmosphere sing noisy mouth", and "bureau of quiet", Kunshan Haiyan cavity cavity is different, the so-called "the tune?" is the Yiyang cavity and cavity the traditional style. Its rough, bold, vigorous, lively characteristics, won the majority of the masses of labor love. Four, Yiyang tune characteristic vocal chamber structure, accompaniment and trade with Yuyao, Kunshan, Haiyan cavity cavity cavity is basically the same. According to the Qing Li Diaoyuan's "drama": "Yi cavity to Yiyang, which is now the 'high'". Therefore, Yiyang is known as the high chamber. Yiyang chamber and Tuge, chimed in, roll tune singing form, with drums, warm atmosphere, it is straightforward and bold, intense, bright, deeply welcome the broad masses of people. Yiyang opera tunes, from two aspects: from the Nanxi tune [], [partridge day], soap Luo Pao [weeping], [Hui zhuyunfei], [], [Xiangluo with the red coat, [], [] shanpoyang Johnson] step by step; from the north a new order, [] [water], correct and good [dianjiangchun], [], [parasitic grass air sub, drunk in peace, happy forest, [Qingjiang]] lead etc.. They are Divertimento, but heart into the cavity. Yiyang cavity into the role of niche, positive health, Laosheng, honeysuckle flower, three flowers, such as laodan, Xiao Dan, new year's day, the aria structure initially used liantao Qupai, performed only with drums without orchestral accompaniment, actor one concert, the number one cavity, the formation of highly characteristic songs, "chimed in" singing style, in the middle of Ming Dynasty and the development of breaking roll tunes system liantao, To further enhance the dramatic and vocal music performance. In the process of practices in Yiyang to produce a variety of cavity variants, resulting in high system, has an important influence on the north and south around the forty tune several operas, promote the development of local folk opera China. Yiyang cavity notable feature is the "one sings", with percussion and silk, bamboo, string, pipe and other instruments music accompaniment, singing tone, plasticity is high, and the placid Yayun south, north of the impassioned temperament. Yiyang branch and even the legendary drama repertoire cavity of the two categories, the former includes "three", "Water Margin", "Yue Fei", "the biography", "Fengshen biography", including "plum", "city", "Ding", "Tianshan gold ermine", "Pearl", "selling" etc.. Since the birth of Yiyang, with its "100 cavity coined" Taiwan "Xiang drama and misuse of language" the artistic features in the civil widely circulated. To the Ming Dynasty, Beijing, Nanjing, Hunan, to Guangdong, Fujian, Anhui rapid development, reached the peak. According to the "Nan CI Xu Lu" contained in Yiyang, due to continuous and cavity tune folk songs, folk songs, minor and local Taoist music combination, thus making it very vitality from the folk, popular folk. The popular Yiyang cavity area, in addition to Jiangxi in the region, as well as Beijing, Hunan, Fujian, Guangdong and other more than 10 provinces, the Yiyang chamber repertoire of 100 kinds of development to tune, more than 400. Yiyang cavity after 500 years in the country spawned a huge and wonderful intelligence of the system, has great influence on the formation of opera, opera, opera, Hunan 44 operas. Five, the Yiyang Opera repertoire cavity and changes of Qingyang, Huizhou, Siping, Taiping tune productions, the existing 120 or so. These plays have extensive themes and rich contents, and have the tradition of folk literature creation. Yiyang cavity plays, a considerable part of Song Dynasty inherited the tradition of opera drama, such as "Pipa", "Pavilion", "worship", "white rabbit", "dog bramble hairpin", "gold", "mark of xiuruji", there is a part in the long term with sea salt, Kunshan cavity exchange performance absorption, such as "Yuhuan", "HuanShaJi", "Hong Fu Ji", "Ji", "jade hairpin" plum "Water Margin", etc.. Six, Facebook See Tu red painted green mask, you will think of the opera; or a reference to opera, you will imagine the outline of Facebook, dressed in colorful clothing colorful characters on stage. Facial makeup is an important part of Chinese opera art, and it is also one of the important parts and important features of Yiyang opera. Ming and Qing two generations, Kunshan, Yiyang and other performances of the cavity cavity drama to the world, to develop and improve the art of performance, make the business division more and more fine, the ugly role of song and Yuan Opera in the net, to differentiate into major dramas of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (Large surface, also called big Erhualian), (two, also known as assisting two (three) face and the ugly face, also called Xiaohualian); net and red face, black and white points; the ugly face is basically along the Song Yuan Opera "flower" path of development. The villain Fujing plays the gas authority as net, Facebook specifications is slightly larger than the ugly, is the clown between eyebrow eye spot expanding, hook a tail but different from wheat flour, wheat flour is expanding more than the entire face, or has been able to top. In this historical stage, the Kunshan and Yiyang cavities are basically the same. If you also have their own focus, such as Facebook in the net, Kunqu opera has developed greatly on the flour, Yiyang is in the cavity's performance is better than. Seven, the Ming and Qing Dynasties China Yiyang chamber system pitched operas mainly has: (a), Jiangxi Jiangxi Yiyang - the Ming Dynasty Yiyang cavity cavity seed; Qingyang, Jiujiang -- the important tribe of Yiyang; Yiyang Ruihe play pitched Qingyang cavity and cavity absorption; Donghe opera singing a high pitched in Gannan sent Yiyang gaoqian; Xu River play high - has two: one for the Yiyang chamber music and Taoist Nanxi "Meng Jiangnu" plays; a pool of elegant melody music and emblem of Qingyang cavity "Meng Jiangnu" repertoire. (two) Anhui Qingyang in Yuexi -- the descendants of Qingyang in Ming dynasty; Nanling has preserved in Yiyang Mulian cavity; A mixture of high - long standard cavity and the cavity of the Yiyang taoist; Qingyang pitched in the late Qing Dynasty, Qingyang pitched and played minor. (three) Jiangsu Gaochun Yang cavity -- special Mulian opera is played, has Yiyang cavity system. (four) Zhejiang Xi'an Gaoqian - by the Yiyang cavity and into the pool and adjust the emblem; Hou Yang Gao Qiang Yiyang cavity in a Yiwu school; Xi Wu Gaoqiang -- Taking Yiyang cavity based absorption emblem of Qingyang music; Jiangxi Yiyang Songyang Gaoqian -- combination of cavity and the local folk songs; Wenzhou - the Yiyang high pitched eight flat and high pitched siping; Ninghai pingdiao - cavity, cavity system in Qingyang; Kaihua - commonly known as the Yiyang eight high pitched; Xinchang Gaoqian - in Yuyao on the basis of absorbing cavity and cavity development in Qingyang. (five) Fujian The Yiyang - Yiyang chamber and chamber concerts in Fujian dialect; On the road, Liyuan opera originated in the Ming Dynasty Yiyang Gaoqiang cavity; Yongan big tune Opera -- Yiyang dialect from Gannan to Sanming area; Ci Ming Drama -- Siping tune of Fujian, Pingtan and Fuqing to Yiyang; The opera - Fujian County of Pingnan siping. (six) Guangdong The three - the Zhengzi opera drama is Yiyang opera drama tour; Yiyang - Jiangxi dramas cavity absorption of Yiyang opera tunes and legendary repertoire; Chaozhou opera and Yiyang tune -- the change of Yiyang tune in Ming dynasty. (seven) Hunan Changsha -- Yiyang cavity Xiang opera Gaoqiang inherited tradition, fusion emblem pool elegant melody; Hengyang Gaoqian - formed in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, and even play more Mulian drama; Qiyang - Yiyang has passed from the Jiangxi chamber in the early Ming dynasty; Changde has spread in Yiyang - Hunan Yuanjiang water chamber; Chen River pitched Drama -- ancient Xiangxi and Guizhou area of china. (eight) Sichuan Sichuan - Yiyang, Qingyang in the early Qing Dynasty has pitched around from Hunan. (nine) Hubei Xiangyang Qing Drama -- the Yiyang tune of Qingyang school; Macheng Gaoqian Xiangyang and pitched the same system; Xiaogan Gaoqiang Opera -- -- from Macheng to. (ten) Shandong South opera popular in Shandong - Ming Guan Ye Xian and Zhaoyuan and other places of high pitched, multi play even drama; Official singing in rural Juancheng in Shandong Gao Qiang tribe; Gao Qiang, Qingyang chamber of Liuzi drama - also known as chaos Qingyang, Kunming, Qing Yi, mix three cavity. (eleven) Hebei Yiyang Beijing - Beijing Jingqiang cavity group; Another tribe of Beijing Gaoqian Gaoyang Yiyang cavity, often Yankun Yi opera. (twelve) Henan Kaifeng Qing Drama -- a branch of Qingyang in Henan in Ming dynasty; Qingfeng harp play - is popular in northern Henan and luxi. (thirteen) Shanxi Yiyang, Fenyang -- flowing into Yiyang in the Ming dynasty; 000 Quanqing scene - Qingyang cavity from Anhui Chizhou.