建筑识图入门笔记

建筑识图入门笔记 上篇 识图基础知识 投影 例子:太阳光下，在地面的桌子就有个影子落在地上，如果再地面上把这个影子画成图形，那么得到的图就教 投影图 地面就要 投影面 照射光线就叫 投影线 正投影假定投影线相互平行并且垂直于投影物体，在投影面所得到的投影 (注:所有的建筑都是利用正投影原理绘制的) 特点:能够准确地反映出建筑物的外形和尺寸，且作图方法简单。 正投影的基本特征: (1) 度量性 如空间直线、平面平行于投影面时，则其投影反映的是物体的实 长。 特点:由于投影图直接反映物体的实际尺寸，就确立了在工程建 设中按图、建造或制作的理论依据。 (2 ) 积聚性 如直线或平面垂直于投影面时，则其投影分别集聚为一点或直线 (3 类似性 如空间直线(或平面)倾斜于投影时，则其投影形成的直线(或平面) 比实长缩短或实形缩。 (4) 平行性 如空间相互平行的直线(或平面)，则其投影形成的直线(或平 面)仍 保持平行。特点:可以从投影图上判断物体的空间位置关系。 (5) 定比性 如空间直线上的一点将直线分成两个线段时，则两线段实长之 比等于它们投影长度之比。 (6) 从属性 如空间直线(或平面)上的点、线投影后仍落在该直线(或平 面)的投影 上。 从属性定比性 三面投影图 高 宽长 高 长 宽 图1 立体图 图2 投影面展开过程 图3 投影面展开 图4 去投影边框后三面投影图 一面投影: 物体投影到一个面上的投影。 例:一木块投影，在木块的下面有一个投影面(简称“H面”)，使它平行 于木块的底面，作木块在H面上的正投影(在水平投影面上的投影称为水平投或H投影)，其投影为矩形。木屋架就是用一面投影来表示。 特点:反映出从上往下观看木块所得的形状、长度和宽度，但没有其高度。缺点:只能反映物体的某个侧面，所以单凭一面投影是不能确定形体的形状和大小的。 两面投影:物体的投影在两个相互垂直的投影面上。有一水平投影H和铅垂直投影面V(正立投影面，简称V面)。钢筋混凝土独立基础就是用两面投影表示。 V面和H面垂直并且相交，其交线称为X轴。在V面上的投影称为正面投影或V投影。物体在V面和H面上分别投影，组成两面投影。V投影反映物体的长和高，H投影反映物体的长和宽。、 特点:可以确定出简单形体的空间形状和大小。缺点:复杂的形体不可以。 三面投影:物体在三个相互垂直投影面的投影。在V面与H面之间增加一个与两者均垂直的W面，称为侧力投影面。W面与H、V面的交线叫做X轴、Z轴。三条轴线相交于一点O，此点叫做原点。物体投影在侧立面上称为侧面投影或W投影。 用三组分别垂直于三个投影面的平行投影线，即可得到物体的三面投影图。W面反映物体的宽和高。 三面投影的思考方法:设想将三个投影面的三个投影图展开，V面看做不动，H面看作向下转90?，W面看作向右转90?，这样三个投影面上的投影图就展开在一个平面上。 剖面图与断面图 正投影图可以方便地把形体的外部形状和尺寸表达清楚，而形体内部的不可见部分都用虚线表示。 剖面图与断面图，即是将形体剖切开，然后再投影，以此来表达形体内部构造或断面形状。 断面图 剖面图的表示方法剖面图 (1)剖面图的形成 现假想用一个平面(该平面称为剖切面)将形体剖切开，移去平面与观察者之间的那部分，然后做出剩余部分的正投影图，叫做剖切面。 (2)剖切符号 由剖切线、观察方向线及剖面编号组成。 剖切线表示剖切平面剖切物体位置的线。用断开的两段粗实线表示。 剖面编号是剖面图的编号，注写在剖视方向线的端部;次编号也标注在相应剖面图的下方，如1-1。一般用数字表示。 (3)剖面图的表示方法 剖面图中，剖切平面中剖切的部分，其轮廓线为粗实线，里面填画相应的材料图例;未剖到而只是看到的部分用中实线表示。 (4)剖面图的种类 a.全剖面图 用一个剖切面将物体全部剖开后，所得到的剖面图称为全剖图。 注:全剖面图一般要标注剖切线和观察方向，但当剖切平面与物体的对称面重合，且全剖面图又处于基本视图的位置时，可不标注。 b.阶梯剖面图 用两个相互平行的剖切平面将物体剖切后得到的剖面图。表示剖切位置和投影方向。 c.半剖面图 当物体的投影图和剖面图都是对称的图形时，可采用半剖面图的方法来投影，用对称轴线作为分界线。 局部剖面图 剖切掉物体局部，保留投影图的大部分，只将形体的局部画 d. 成剖面图，局部剖面图采用波浪线分界线。 (1)断面图的形成 剖切面剖切物体时，画出被剖切面剖到部分的图形叫做断面图 (2)断面图的标注 断面图的标注类似与剖面图，只是去掉了剖视方向线，用数字的位置来表示投影方向。 (3)断面图的种类 a. 移出断面图 1.把断面图布置在图纸上的任意位置，但必须在剖切线 处与断面图下方加注相同的编号。2.将断面图画在投影图之外，可 画在剖切线的延长线上。 b. 重合断面图 把剖切得到的断面图画在剖切下并与投影图重合。注: 重合断面图不必标注剖切位置及编号。 C. 中断断面图 设想把形体分开，把断面图画在分开处。这时不必标 注剖切位置线及编号。重合断面图和中断断面图适用于简单的截面 形状，并且都省去了标注符号，便于查阅图纸。 断面 断面 移出断面图 重合断面图中断断面图 建筑施工图 比例:建筑物图纸上的大小与实际大小相比的关系。比例注写在图名一侧。当整张图纸只用一种比例时，也可以写在标题栏内。 房屋建筑图中常用比例及可用比例 图名 常用比例 必要时可用比例 建筑总平面图 1:500 1:1000 1:2500 1:10000 1:2000 1:5000 竖向布置图。管线综合图、1:00 1:200 1:500 1:300 1:5000 断面图 1:1000 1:2000 平面图、立面图、剖面图、 1:50 1:100 1:200 1:50 1:300 1:400 结构布置图、设备布置图 等 内容比较简单的平面图 1:200 1:400 1:500 详图 1:1 1:2 1:5 1:10 1:3 1:15 1:30 1:20 1:25 1:50 1:40 1:60 图线的宽度 图线名称 1:1 1:5 1:20 1:100 1:200 1:2 1:10 1:50 粗线 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.35 中粗线 0.5b 细线 0.35b 加粗线 1.4b 标高:建筑物某一部分高度与确定的水准基点之间的高差。注:施工图中，主要部分及室外地面的高度用标高来表示。注写到小数点后三位数字。总平面图中，可注至小数点后。尺寸单位除标高及建筑总平面图以“m(米)为单位，其余一律以“mm(毫米)”为单位。 在单体建筑工程中，零点标高注写成?0.0000;负数标高数字前必须加注:“-” ;正数标高前不写“+”。 标高的种类 : a. 绝对标高 我国把山东省青岛市黄海平均海面定位绝对标高的零点。 b. 相对标高 除总平面图外，一般都用相对标高，即是把房屋底层室内主 要地面定为相对标高的零点，写作“?0.000” ，读作正负零点零零零， 简称正负零。“-1.200”，表示比底层室内主要地面标高低1.200m，“6.000” 表示比底层室内主要地面高度高6.000米。 一般用途名称线型线宽 建筑立面图的外轮廓线及平、剖面图中被 剖切的主要建筑构造(包括构配件)的轮廓线 2.建筑构造详图中的外轮廓线及被剖切的主要 部分的轮廓线粗3.断面图的剖切符号 4.图框、标题栏等的外框线 5.总图中的新建筑物外轮廓线 6.配筋图中的钢筋 1.剖面图中被剖切的次要建筑构造、构配件的 外轮廓线实2.建筑平、立、剖面图中建筑构件的轮廓线中线3.建筑构造详图及建筑构配件详图中一般轮廓线 4.尺寸起止符号 小于0.5b的图形线、尺寸线、尺寸界线、图例线 索引符号、标高符号、指北针的圆周线、详图材料细做法引出线、断开界线、表格中的分格线等 2.总图中的原有建筑物、构造物 见相关专业制图标准粗 .建筑构造详图及建筑构配件不可见的轮廓线虚2.平面图中的起重机(吊车)轮廓线中3.拟扩建的建筑物轮廓线线 图例线、小于0.5b的不可见轮廓线细 起重机(吊车)轨道线 结构图中的垂直支撑和柱间支撑粗 单点 见相关专业制图标准中 长 画线 中心线、对称线、定位轴线细 见过专业制图标准粗 双点见过专业制图标准中 长 画线假想轮廓线，成型前原始轮廓线细 不需画全的断开界线折断线 不需要全的断开界线构造层次的断开界线波浪线 标高的标注方法 名称序号说明图例 标高符号的尖端应指 立面及剖面被注的高度处，尖端 图上的标高可能向下、也可能向上 标高符号与水平线逆时平面图上 针方向倾斜顶部标高 三角形涂黑，标高符号平面图上 与水平线逆时针方向倾底部标高 斜 说明名称序号图例 属L-2)属L-1)(属属L-2)一个标高符号括号中的“属”字样可(属)标注数个标高不写或写成“用于” 数字 图形较小，画不下标高平面图上小图符号时的标高引出标形标高注法 用引出线同时从数个平面图上数个图形引出，仅用一个同标高的小图形标高符号标注 建筑施工图中的定位轴线是用来施工定位、防线的。 对于承重墙、柱子等主要承重构件都应画上轴线。 对于非承重的分隔墙、次要承重构件等，一般用分轴线。 在平面图中，纵向和横向轴线构成轴线网，定位轴线用点划线 表示。 纵向轴线自下而上用大写拉丁字母A、B、C…编号。 ??? 横向轴线由左至右用阿拉伯数字1、2、3…编号。 ??? 注:编号写在圆内，圆用细实线绘制，圆直径为8mm。 对于次要构件的位置，可用附加轴线表示。 两个轴线之间的附加分轴线，编号可用分数表示。分母表示前一轴线的编号， 分子表示附加轴线的编号，用阿拉伯书箱子顺序编写。 “圈三分之一和圈B分之三”是轴线三号轴后附加的第一条轴线和B号轴后 附加的第二条轴线。 附加轴线 尺寸数字是用来反映图形各部分的实际大小、相对位置、图形上的尺寸标注尺寸界线、尺寸线、尺寸起止符和尺寸数字。 图样上所标注的尺寸数字是物体的实际大小，与图形的大小无关。 平面图中的尺寸，只能反映建筑的长和宽。 尺寸界线 尺寸数字 尺寸起止符 尺寸线 图例:尺寸标注 索引符号和详图符号 图样中的某一部分或配件详细尺寸如需另见详图时，常常以索引符号索引，另外画出详图，即在需要另画详图的部位编上索引符号。 如图:5是详图编号，详图“5”是索引在3号图上，并在所画的详图上编详图编号“5”。 皖92J201是标准图集编号，“17”是标准图集的17页，“7”是17页的7号图。 详图编号标准图集某页上的详图号 标准图集(皖) 所索引的图在号图上标准图集所在的页数号 图例:索引符号 图例:详图符号 指北针及风向频率玫瑰图 (1) 指北针 在建筑总平面图上，均应画上指北针。 ) 风玫瑰图 在建筑总平面图上，通常应按当地实际情况绘制风向频率玫(2 瑰。各地主要城市风向频率玫瑰图见《建筑设计资料集》。有些城市没有，则在总平面图上只画上单独的指北针。 北 北 指北针 风玫瑰 建筑施工图的组成 建筑施工图:在总体规划的前提下，根据建设任务要求和工程技术条件，表达房屋建筑的总布局、房屋的空间组合设计、内部房间布置情况、外部的形状、建筑各部分的构造做法及施工要求等。 建筑施工图:有基本图和详图组成，其中基本图:建筑设计总说明、总平面图、建筑平面图、立面图和剖面图等。详图:墙身、楼梯、门窗、厕所、檐口以及各种装修、构造的详细做法。 用途:反映的是一个工程的总体布局。主要表示原有房屋和新建房屋的位置、标高、道路布置、构筑物、地形、地貌等，作为新建房屋定位、施工放线、土方施工以及施工总平面布置的依据。 内容:(1)反映新建区的总体布局，如总体范围、各建筑物及构筑物的位置、道路、水、电、暖管网的布置等。 确定建筑物的平面位置，一般根据原有房屋或道路定位。 成片住宅、较大的公共建筑物、工厂表示位置或者形较复杂时，一般用坐标来确定房屋及道路转折点的位置。 (1) 反映建筑物首层地面的绝对标高，室外地坪，道路的绝对标高，说明 土方填挖情况、地面坡度及雨水排除方向。 (2) 用指北针表示房屋的朝向。有的图用风玫瑰图表示常年风向频率和风 速。 (3) 较大、复杂的工程，有时还有水、暖、电等管线总平面图各种管线综 合布置图、竖向设计图，道路纵横剖面图以及绿化布置图。 新建建筑的定位 方 法 一 : 参照法。即根据已有房屋或道路定位。 方法二:坐标定位法。即在地形图上绘制测量坐标网。 建筑物坐标示意图 例:标注房屋墙角坐标的方法 建筑平面图:实际上是水平剖面图。假想用一个水平切面沿房屋窗台以上位置通过门窗洞口处将房屋切开，移开剖切平面以上的部分，绘出剩留部分的水平剖面图。 图示内容应标明:.1.承重墙、2.柱的尺寸及定位轴线，3.房间的布局及其名称，4.室内外不同地面的标高，5.门窗图例及编号、6.图的名称和比例等。 详尽地标出该建筑物各部分长和宽的尺寸。 平面图的数量:一般每层有一张平面图，并在图的下面注明相应的图名。如其中有几层的房间布置、大小完全相同，也可用一张图来表示。如建筑物左右对称，也可将两层画在同一个平面图上，左边为一层平面图，右边为另一层平面图，中间用一个对称符号分界。 有关规定及习惯画法 (1) 比例 常用:1:50、1:100、1:200。必要时也可用1:500、1:300。 (2) 图线 剖切的主要建筑构造(如墙)的轮廓线用粗实线，其他图形、图例线、 尺寸线、尺寸界线等用细实线。 注:绘制比较简单的图样时，被剖切的轮廓线均用粗实线，其他图样均可用细实线。 定位轴线:在平面图中主要承重的柱体或墙体均应画出他们的轴线 轴线一般从柱或墙壁宽的中心引出。采用点划线来表示 门窗图例及编号:门窗均以图例表示，并在图例旁注上相应的代号及编号。门的代号为“M”,窗的代号为“C”。同一类型的门或窗，编号应相同，如M-1，M-2，C-1，C-2等。当门窗采用标准图时，注写标准图集编号及图号。 尺寸的标注与标高 在建筑平面图中，用轴线和尺寸线表示各部分的高、宽尺寸和精确位置。 平面图的外部尺寸一般分为三道尺寸。 第一道尺寸:为细部尺寸，表示门窗定位尺寸及门窗洞口尺寸，与建筑物外形距离较近的一道尺寸，以定位轴为基准标注出墙垛的分段尺寸。 第二道尺寸:为轴线尺寸，标注轴线之间的距离(开间或进深尺寸) 第三道尺寸:为外包尺寸，表示建筑物的总长度和总宽度。 除三道尺寸外还有台阶、花池、散水等尺寸，房间的净长和净宽、地面标高、内墙上门窗洞口的大小及其定位尺寸等。 在各层平面上还注有楼地面标高，表示各层楼地面距离相对标高零点(即正负零)的高差。 剖面图的剖切位置:一般首层平面图上标注有剖切符号，表示剖面图的剖切位置和剖视方向。 详图的位置和编号:某些构造细部或构件须要另画有详图表示时，则注有索引符号，表明详图的位置和编号，以便与详图对照查阅。 必要的文字说明:图示中无法用图形表明的内容，如施工质量要求等，则用文字说明。 屋顶平面图常单独画出: (1) 屋面排水情况 排水分工 排水方向 屋面坡度 天沟 下水口位置等。 (2) 突出屋面的构筑物位置 常画有如电梯机房 水箱间 女儿墙 天窗 管道 烟囱 检查孔 屋面变形逢等地位置及形状。 建筑立面图 立面图形式:把房屋的立面用水平投影方法画出的图形称为建筑立面图。相当于正投影图中正立和侧力投影图，是建筑物个方向外面立面的正投影图。用来表示建筑物的体型和外貌，并能表明外墙装修要求。 立面图的数量:主要依据建筑物各立面的形状和墙面装修，当建筑物各立面造型复杂、墙面装修各异时，就需要画出所有立面图。当建筑物各立面造型简单，可以通过主要立面图和墙身剖面图表明次要的形状和装修要求时，可省略不画。 立面图的命名 (1) 按立面的主次命名 所反映建筑物外貌主要特征或主要出入口的立面图 命名。其他立面图分别称为背立面图、左侧立面图和右侧立面图等。 (2) 按建筑物的朝向命名 依据建筑物立面的朝向分别命名为南/北/西/东立 面图。 (3) 按轴线编号命名 依据建筑物立面两端的轴线编号命名。如1~10立面?? 图， A~D立面图等。 ?? 立面图的内容:图名和比例，图样应有一栋建筑物的立面形状及外貌，立面上门窗的布置，外形以及开启方向(应用图例表示)，有表明外墙面装饰的做法及分格情况，又表示外台阶、 花池、勒脚、窗台、雨罩、阳台、檐沟、屋顶和雨水管等的位置、立面形状及材料做法。 立面图的比例:与建筑平面图所用比例一致。常用比例:1:100、1:200、1:50。 立面图的图例(门窗图例) 立面图的尺寸标注:高度方向标注有三到尺寸:细部尺寸、层高及总高度。 (1) 细部尺寸 最里面一道尺寸。反映室内外地面高差、防潮层位置、窗下墙 高度、门窗洞口高度、洞口顶面到上一层楼面的高度、女儿墙或檐板高度。 (2) 层高 中间一道尺寸。反映上下相邻两层楼地面之间的距离。 (3) 总高度 最外面一道表示尺寸。反映从建筑物室外地坪至女儿墙压顶(或 至檐口)的距离。 立面图的定位轴线:两端须画出轴线并注上其编号，编号应与建筑平面图相对应以立面两端的轴线编号一致，从中确认立面的方位。 立面图的图线:要求有整体效果、富有立体感、图线要求有层次。轮廓线用粗实线;主要轮廓线用中粗线;细部图形轮廓用细实线;室外地平线用特粗实线;门窗、阳台、雨罩等主要部分的轮廓线用中粗实线;其他如扇门、墙面分格线等均用细实线。 立面图的指示线:墙面各部分装饰做法常用指示线并加文字说明来进一步解释。 立面图的其他方面:左右相同，可以只绘一般，加上对称符号即可。 对画详图的部分，一般标注索引符号，指示查阅详图 平面形状曲折的建筑物立面，可采用展开式立面图。 建筑剖面图 建筑剖面图:假想用剖切平面在建筑平面图的横向或纵向沿房屋的主要入口、窗洞口、楼梯等位置上将房屋垂直地剖开，然后移去不需要的部分，将剩余的部分按某一水平方向进行投影绘制成的图样。 纵剖:平行开间的方向剖切。 横剖:垂直于开间的方向剖切。注:必要时可才用阶梯剖，但一般只转折一次。 建筑剖面图的数量:根据建筑物内部构造复杂程度决定。剖切位置通常选择在能表现建筑物内部结构和构造比较复杂、有变化、有代表性的部位，一般应通过窗洞口、楼梯间及主要出入口等位置。 标高:不同高度的部位(如各层楼面、顶棚、主要构件层面、楼梯休息平台、地面等)都应标注相对标高。主要构件必须标注其结构标高。 尺寸:外部尺寸和内部尺寸。 外部高度尺寸分三道: 第一道:接近图形的一道尺寸，以层高为基准标注窗台、窗洞顶(或门)以及门窗洞口的高度尺寸。 第二道:标注两楼层间的高度尺寸(即层高)。 第三道:标注总高度尺寸。 内部尺寸:主要注内墙的门窗洞口尺寸及其定位尺寸，其他细部尺寸等。 比例:一般与平面图和立面图的比例相同。 定位轴线:应画出两端墙或柱的定位轴线并写上其编号，可以看出剖切位置及剖视方向。 图线:剖到的部位用粗实线表示。如墙、柱、版、楼梯等，未剖到的部位用中粗实线表示，其他未引出等用细实线表示。室外坪地以下的基础用折断线省略不画，另由结构施工图表示。室内外地坪线用特粗实线表示。 多层构造引出线:地面、屋面、墙面等做法一般用多层构造线共用引出线来反映，画时应通过被引出的各层。文字注释写在横线的上方，也可写在横线的端部，说明的顺序应由上至下，并与被说明的层次相互一致。如层次为横向排列，则由上至下的说明顺序与由左至右的构造层次相互一致。 筋混凝土板(配4 沉预制钢(砖砌支座 φ6网片) 防水层(按右表选定) :3水泥砂浆找平层20 涂膜保护层隔热层最薄处 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料防水保温找坡层 隔热层(现场喷涂成型)钢筋混凝土屋面板 隔汽层 :3水泥砂浆找平层20 找坡层最薄处30 钢筋混凝土屋面板 多层构造引出线 建筑标高与结构标高的区别: 建筑标高指的是各部位竣工后的上(或下)表面的标高。 结构标高指的是各结构构件不包括粉刷层时的下(或上)皮的标高。 坡度:用来反映建筑物倾斜的程度，如屋面、散水等，需用坡度来表示倾斜的程度。 , , 注:(a)是坡度较小时的表示方法，箭头指向下坡的方向，2%表示坡度的高度比，平房面排水常用这样表示。(b)、(c)表示坡度较大时。(c)中直角三角形的斜边应与坡度平行，直角边上的数字表示坡度的高长比。 建筑详图 建筑详图:将房屋构造的局部用较大的比例画出的大样图，是建筑细部施工图，是建筑平、立、剖面图的补充，是施工的重要依据之一。 建筑详图比例及符号: (1) 比例较大，常用比例为:1:20、1:10、1:5、1:2、1:1。 (2) 尺寸标注齐全、准确、文字说明全面。 (3) 详图与其他图的联系主要采用索引符号和常用符号、有时也用轴线符号、剖切符号… 符号名称说明说明 详图的编号标准图册的编号 标准图册详图的编号详图在本张图纸上详 剖面详图的编号详图在图标准图册详图所在本张图上的图纸的编号 标准详图标准图册的编号索剖面详图在本张图纸上 引标准图册详图的编号 标准图册详图所在 图纸的编号详图的编号 详图不在剖切位置线引出线表示剖视方向(本图向右)本张图上详图所在图纸的编号 详图详图的编号被索引的详图在本张图纸上标志 常用的索引和详图符号 注:如采用标准图或通用详图的建筑构配件和剖面节点详图，可只注明所用图集名称、编号或页次，而不需画出详图。 建筑详图内容:墙身剖面图、楼梯详图、门窗详图及厨房、浴室、卫生间详图等。 如何识读建筑施工图 顺序:首先了解建筑施工的制图方法及有关标准。其次先看整体再看局部，先宏观再微观。 1. 建筑总说明:看工程的名称、设计总说明了解建筑物的大小、工程造价、建筑物的类型。 2. 总平面图:了解建筑物的具体位置以及与四周的关系。具体的有周围的地形、道路、绿 地率、建筑密度、容积率、日照间距或退缩间距等。具体步骤如下: (1) 看工程性质、图纸比例尺、阅读文字说明，熟悉图例。 (2) 看地形，用地范围、建筑物的布置、四周环境、道路等。 (3) 地形复杂时，要先了解地形地貌。 (4) 看各新建房屋的室内为高差、道路标高、坡度以及地面排水情况。 (5) 看新建房屋与各种管线走向的关系，管线引入建筑物的具体位置。 (6) 看定位依据。 3. 平面图:依次看各层平面图，由首层至顶层。 识读底层平面图:可以知道轴线之间的尺寸、房间墙壁尺寸、门窗的位置，知道各房间 的用途和功能。 识读标准层平面图:可以看出本层和上下层之间是否有变化，具体内容和底层平面图相似。 识读屋顶平面图:可以看出屋顶的做法等。如屋顶的保温材料，防水做法等。 4. 立面图:可以了解建筑的外形、外墙装饰(如所用材料、色彩)、门窗、阳台、台阶、 檐口等形状，了解建筑物的总高度和个部位标高。 5. 剖面图:首先要知道剖切位置，剖切位置一般都是房间布局比较复杂的地方，如门厅、 楼梯等，可以看出各层的层高、总高、室内外高差以及了解空间关系。 6. 建筑详图:要明确详图与有关图的关系，是从什么剖位引来的详图，将局剖构件与建筑 整体联系起来，形成完整概念。 结构施工图 结构施工图:表示建筑物的承重构件(如基础、承重墙、柱、梁、板、屋架、屋面板等)的位置、形状、尺寸大小、数量、材料、构造及其相互关系的施工图。 房屋结构:由各种不同用途的建筑配件和结构配件组成。 结构构件:起着“骨架”作用，保证房屋安全可靠，亦称为”房屋的结构”。建筑中重量和载荷是通过基础、墙体、柱、梁、楼板等支撑的，此类承重构件均属于结构构件。 建筑构件:门、窗、墙板等都是用来满足采光、通风、及遮风避雨的。 建筑上常用结构形式: 按结构受力形式划分:常见的有墙柱与梁板承重的砖混结构，板、梁、柱承重的框架结构及桁架结构等结构形式。 按建筑的材料划分:常见的有砖墙结构、钢筋混凝土结构、钢结构及其他建筑材料结构等。 房屋结构施工图(简称“结施”):包括房屋结构的类型、结构构件的布置。如各种构件的形状、大小、材料、代号、位置、数量、施工要求等。 作用:主要用于施工、如放灰线、开挖基槽、模板放样、钢筋骨架绑扎、浇灌混凝土等，也用来编制建筑预算、编制施工组织进度计划。 结构施工图的组成:结构设计说明 用以文字辅以图表来说明结构做法。具体内容有设计的主要依据(如功能要求、载荷情况、水文地质资料、地震烈度等)、结构的类型、建筑材料的规格形式、地基做法、钢筋混凝土各构件、砖砌体、局部做法、标准图和地区通用图的选用情况、施工注意事项等。 结构构件平面布置图 通常包含以下内容: (1)基础平面布置图(含基础截面详图)，主要表示基础类型、基础位置、轴线的距离。 (2)楼层机构构件平面布置图，主要是楼板的布置、楼板的厚度及混凝土强度，钢筋布置、 梁的位置、梁的跨度。 (3)屋面结构构件平面布置图，主要表示屋面楼板的位置、屋面楼板的厚度等。 结构构件详图 (1)基础详图，用于表示基础的详细做法。条形基础一般画一平面处的剖面，独立基础则 画出一个基础大样图。 (2)梁类、板类、柱类等构件详图(包括预制构件、现浇结构构件等)。 (3)楼梯结构详图。 (4)屋架构架详图(包括钢屋架、木屋架、钢筋混凝土屋架)。 (5)其他结构构件详图(如支撑等)。 钢筋混凝土的概念构件的概念 混凝土:用水泥、沙子、石子和水四种材料按一定比例搅制而成。优点:抗压强度较高。缺点:抗拉强度极低，容易受拉力断裂。 钢筋混凝土:碳素钢材抗拉及抗压强度都极高，在实际工程中把钢材与混凝土结合在一起，使钢材承受拉力，混凝土承受压力，从而形成的建筑材料。 钢筋混凝图土构:梁、板、柱、基础等用钢筋混凝土做成。 常用生产方法:(1)预制构件 在工厂或现场先预制好，再现场吊装。 (2) 现浇构件 现场支模板，放入钢筋骨架，浇灌混凝土后并把它振捣密实， 养护拆卸木板。 常用构件代号 序号 名称 代号 序号 名称 代号 序号 名称 代号 1 板 B 15 吊车梁 DL 29 基础 J 2 屋面板 WB 16 圈梁 QL 30 设备基础 SJ 3 空心板 KB 17 过梁 GL 31 柱 ZH 4 槽形板 CB 18 连系梁 LL 32 柱间支撑 ZC 5 拆板 ZB 19 基础梁 JL 33 垂直支持 CC 6 密肋板 MB 20 楼梯梁 TL 34 水平支持 SC 7 楼梯板 TB 21 檩条 LT 35 梯 T 8 盖板或沟盖板 GB 22 屋架 WJ 36 雨篷 YP 9 挡雨板或檐口板 YB 23 托架 TJ 37 阳台 YT 10 吊车安全走道板 DB 24 天窗架 GJ 38 梁垫 LD 11 墙板 QB 25 框架 KJ 39 预埋件 M 12 天沟板 TGB 26 钢架 GJ 40 天窗端壁 TD 13 梁 L 27 支架 ZJ 41 钢筋网 W 14 屋面梁 WL 28 柱 Z 42 钢筋骨架 G 注:1.预制钢筋混凝土构件、现浇钢筋混凝土构件、钢构件和木构件，一般可直接采用本表 中的构件代号。在设计中，当需要区别上述构建种类时，应在图纸上加以说明。 2.预应力钢筋混凝土构件代号，应该构件代号前加注“Y-”，如Y-DL表示预应力钢筋混 凝土吊车梁。 常用钢筋种类及符号 钢筋等级 钢号或外形 符号 钢筋等级 钢号或外形 符号 3号光圆钢筋 等高肋 ? ? 20锰硅月牙肋钢筋 冷拉?级钢筋 ? 25锰硅月牙肋钢筋 冷拔低碳钢丝 ? 钢筋的标注方法 钢筋的直径、根数及或相邻钢筋中心距一般采用引出线的方式标注。常用的标注方式有以下两种: 柱、梁中箍筋的标注梁、柱中纵筋的标准 ?? 相邻钢筋中心距(?200)钢筋直径() 相等中心距符号?级钢筋直径符号 钢筋直径(8mm)钢筋根数(根) ?级钢筋直径符号钢筋编号 钢筋编号 常见钢筋图例应符合表1和表2的规定 表1 钢筋的端部形状及搭接序号 下图表示长短钢筋投影重叠时可在无弯钩的钢筋端部 短钢筋的端部用短划线表示 钢筋横断面 带半圆形弯钩的钢筋端部 带直钩的钢筋端部 带丝扣的钢筋端部 无弯钩的钢筋搭接 带半圆钩的钢筋搭接 带直钩的钢筋搭接 套管接头号(花篮螺丝) 钢筋的作用: a( 受力钢筋 作用:承受拉力或是承受压力的钢筋，用于梁、板、柱等。如 12图:钢筋?、钢筋?。 b. 箍筋 作用:将受力钢筋箍在一起，形成骨架用，有时也承受外力所产生 5的应力。按构造要求配置。如图:钢筋? c. 架立钢筋 作用:是用来固定箍筋间距的，是钢筋骨架更牢固。如图:钢 3筋? d. 分布钢筋 作用:用于现浇板内，与板中的受力钢筋垂直放置。主要是固 4定板内受力钢筋位置。如图:钢筋? e. 支座筋 作用:用于板内，布置在板的四周。 f. 钢筋的混凝土保护层 作用:为了防止钢筋锈蚀，加强钢筋与混凝土的黏 结力，在构件中的钢筋外缘到构件表面应有一定的厚度，该厚度称为保护 层。保护层的厚度应查阅设计说明，如设计无具体要求时，保护层厚度应。 按要求去做，也就是不小于钢筋直径，并应符合下表的要求。 表:钢筋的混凝土保护层厚度 混凝土强度等级 环境与条件 构件名称 低于C25 C25及C30 高于C30 板、墙、壳 15 室内正常 环境 梁和柱 25 露天或室内 板、墙、壳 35 25 15 高湿度环境 梁和柱 45 35 25 有垫层 35 基 无垫层 础 70 梁 板 钢筋的名称 图例图例序号说明序号说明 在平面图中配置如在断面中不能双层钢筋时，底层钢表示清楚钢筋布筋弯钩应向上或向左，置，应在断面图 顶层钢筋则向下或向右外面增加钢筋大 样图 配双层钢筋的墙体， 在配筋里面图中 ，图中所表示的箍远面钢筋的弯钩应筋、环筋、如布向上或向左，而近置复杂，应加画面钢筋则向下或向钢筋大样及说明或右(GM:近面;YM: 远面) 每组相同的钢筋、箍筋或环筋，可以用 粗实线画出其中一根来表示，同时用一 横穿的细线表示其余的钢筋、箍筋或环 筋，横线的两端带斜短划表示该号钢筋的起止范围 表:钢筋的配置 基础施工图 常见的基础类型:条形基础、独立基础和板式基础(又称为满堂基础)。 基础图:建筑物相对标高?0.0000一下基础的平面布置、类型和详细构造的图样。 组成:基础平面图、基础详图和说明三部分。 作用:为放线、开挖基槽或基坑、做垫层和砌筑基础提供依据。 砖墙 大放脚 垫层 条形基础 钢筋混凝土柱 钢筋混凝土基础条形基础 柱杯口 剖面锥形杯形阶梯型 独立基础 梁 板板式基础 基础平面图: 形成:假想用一个水平剖切面在相对标高?0.0000处将建筑物剖开，移去上面部分后所作的水平投影图后形成的平面。 主要内容:JIA a.基础墙(或柱)及基础底面的轮廓线要表示出来，其他细部轮廓线都省略不画，如大放脚就不表示。剖到的基础墙、柱的边线要用粗实线画出;基础边线用中实线画出;在基础内留有的孔、洞及管沟位置用虚线画出。 b.如基础截面形状、尺寸不同时，即基础宽度、墙体厚度、大放脚、基底标高及管沟做法等不同，须用不同的断面剖切符号标出，并分别画出不同的基础详图。根据断面剖切符号的编号可以查阅基础详图。 不同类型的基础和柱分别用代号J1、J2、……和Z1、Z2、……表示。 c.注意事项: 1.比例应与建筑物平面图相同，常用比例为1:100,1:200。 2.定位轴线及其编号和轴线之间的尺寸应与建筑平面图一致。 3.从基础平面图上可看出基础墙、柱、基础底面的形状、大小及基础与轴线的尺寸关系。 4.基础梁代号为JL1、JL2、…… 建筑物基础详图 a. 形成:用较大的比例画出基础局部构造的图，如基础的细部尺寸、形状、材料做法及基 础埋置深度等。如图 基础详图 条形基础的基础详图一般画得时基础的垂直断面图;独立基础的基础详图一般要画出基础的平面图、立面图和断面图。 b.基础的形状不同时应分别画出其详图，当基础形状仅部分尺寸不同时，可用一个详图表示，单需标出不部分的尺寸。基础断面图的边线一般用粗实线画出，断面内应画出材料图例;对于钢筋混凝土基础，要画出配筋情况，不需要画出材料图例。 b. 主要内容:图名与比例应有轴线及其编号。基础的详细尺寸，如基础墙的厚度，基础的 宽、高、垫层的厚度等。室内外地面标高及基础地面标高。基础及垫层的材料、强度等 级、配筋规格及布置。施工说明等。 楼盖结构施工图 楼板:钢筋混凝土楼板、砖拱楼板和木楼板等结构形式。 钢筋混凝土特点:强度高、刚度好、既耐久，又防火，且便于工业化生产等特点，目前使用 最广的结构形式。 木楼板特点:自重轻、构造简单等。缺点:不防火，耐久性差且消耗大量木材，故采用极少。 砖拱楼板特点:可以节约钢材、水泥、木材。缺点:砖拱楼板抗震性能差，结构层所占空间 大、顶棚不平整，且不宜用于均匀沉陷地基的情况，故采用应当慎重。 预制空心楼板现浇钢筋混凝土无梁楼板现浇钢筋混凝土实心楼板 木楼板预制空心砖楼板砖拱楼板 楼板结构形式 楼盖平面图的形成:假想沿着楼板面(只有结构层，尚未做楼面面层)将建筑物水平剖开，所作的水平剖面图。楼盖平面反映的是各层梁、板、柱、墙、过梁和圈梁等的平面布置情况，以及现浇楼板、梁的构造与配筋情况及构件间的结构关系。 图示特点及内容: a. 预制楼板楼层平面轮廓用粗实线表示，预制板的铺设用细实线表示，习惯上把楼板下不 可见的墙体的虚线改画为实线。 b. 预制板的布置方式。 c. 在结构某范围内，画出楼板数量及型号。铺设方式相同的单元预制板用相同的编号，如 甲、乙等表示，而不一一画出楼板的布置。 d. 在结构某范围内，画一条对角线，并沿着对角线方向注明预制板数量及型号。 e. 现浇楼中的钢筋用粗实线画出，同一种钢筋只需画一根，同时画出一个重合断面，表示 板的形状、板厚及板的标高。重合断面是沿根垂直方向剖切，然后翻转90?。 f. 一般不在楼层结构平面图中画楼梯间的结构施工图，只用双对角线表示楼梯间。另外画 出楼梯详图。 g. 结构平面图的所有轴线必须与建筑平面图相符。 h. 结构相同的楼层平面图只画一个结构平面图，称为标准平面图。 乙甲 二层结构图楼盖平面图 钢筋混凝土构件详图 钢筋混凝土构件有现浇、预制两种。钢筋混凝土构件是建筑工程中主要的结构构件，包括梁、板、柱、楼梯等。详图一般包括模板图、配筋图、预埋件详图及钢筋表(或材料用量表)。 钢筋图又分为立面图、断面图和钢筋详图。 钢筋混凝土构件详图:用来反映构件的长度、断面形状与尺寸及钢筋的形式与配置情况，也有用来反映模板尺寸、预留孔洞与预埋件的大小和位置，以及轴线标高。 构件详图一般情况只绘制配筋图，对较复杂的构件才画出模板图和预埋件详图。 配筋图中立面图的特点:假想构件为一透明体而画出的一个纵向正投影图。作用:表明钢筋的立面形状及其排列的情况，构件的轮廓线(包括断面的轮廓线)的图中是次要的。 标注:钢筋应用粗实线表示，构件的轮廓线用细实线表示。详图中，箍筋只能看到侧面(一条线)，当类型、直径、间距均相同时，可画出其中的一部分。 断面图是构件的横向剖切投影图，作用是表示出钢筋的上下和前后的排列、箍筋的形状及 构件断面形状或钢筋数量和位置有不同之处，都要画一断面图，但不宜在斜筋段内截取断面。图中钢筋的横断面一般用黑圆点表示，构件轮廓线用细实线表示，见下图。 主梁配筋立面图 钢筋混凝土构件详图 立面图、断面图上应该注出一致的钢筋编号、直径、数量、间距等和留出规定的保护层厚度。 当配筋较复杂时，通常在立面图的正下方(或正上方)用同一比例画出钢筋详图。同一编号只画一根，并详细注明钢筋的编号、数量(或间距)、类别、直径及各段的长度与总尺寸。 钢筋混凝土结构施工图平面整体表示法 平面整体表示法的产生:我国产生于1991年。 特点:画出逐个构件表达的方式，选择与施工顺序完全一致的结构平面布置图，将该平面上的所有构件(梁、柱、板等)整体地一次表达清楚。 各结构层平面梁配筋图画法: a. 注写法 将梁代号 (断面宽*断面高)和箍筋各跨基本值从梁上引出后注写在,, 此梁上。如某跨或箍筋值与基本值不同时，须另将其特殊值从所在跨引出令注。 ,, 将梁上部受力筋(支座和跨中)、下部受力筋逐跨注在梁上和梁下相联系应位置。 梁上部受力或下部受力筋多于一排时，各排筋值从上往下用“/”线分开。 如:722，5/2表示上一排为522，下一排为222. 同排筋为两种直径时，用“+”号相连。梁侧面抗扭筋值前“*”标志。箍筋加密区与非加密区间距值用“/”线分开。 b.断面法 将断面号直接画在平面图的图上，梁断面详图可画在本图上，也可画在其他图上。 主次梁相交处的加密区箍筋或附加吊筋直接画在平面图主次梁交点的主梁上，并加注钢筋型号与数量。如平面布置图上画有的形状，上注214，表示在此处加两根直径22的形(又称元宝筋)钢筋。 平面整体表示法梁柱应编号 用双比例法画柱平面配筋图。各柱的断面在原有位置须放大后，并注上两个方向上同轴线的关系。将柱配筋值、配筋随高度变化值及断面尺寸、尺寸随高度变化值与相应的柱高范围成组对应在图上列表注明。柱箍筋加密区与非加密区间距值“/”线分开。 多层框架柱的柱断面尺寸和配筋值变化不大时，可将断面尺寸和配筋值直接注在断面上。 墙身的构造配筋画法 直接子平面图上引注。 通用标准图 通过标准图中绘制的构造规定和节点构造做法必须与现行国家规范、规程相符。图中为包括的特殊构造和特殊节点构造可由设计者自行设计绘制。 a. 梁的规定须有:梁箍筋加密区范围，上部受力筋长度与净跨比值，不同类型的梁的纵筋 在端支座的锚长和构造，梁中间支座两旁梁顶不一平、梁顶梁底均不一平和两边配筋值 不同时配筋构造、梁侧纵向构造筋与拉筋构造等。 b. 柱的规定须有:柱箍筋加密区范围，变截面纵筋构造，搭接构造、角柱、中柱柱根与柱 头构造等。 c. 双剪力墙规定须有:水平、竖向筋的搭接、锚固构造，墙体L形、T形及斜交型配筋构 造，连梁构造等。 通用标准图 一层梯平面图(二~四层梯平面图) × × × 注:仅用于一层 TL2仅用于二、三层 , , ,,,×(,), φ , , () ,, ,,×(,),() φ ,×,, , ,, ,,,×(,),φ , , () ,, ,,×(,), φ() ,×,, , , , , , ,φ,×(,),, ,φ φ ,,,=,, 平台标高 ) 1.本梯表应与建施楼梯平面图和剖面图一起使用。 2.楼梯平台梁的位置及标高详见建施楼梯剖面图。 d 3.梯段板的底筋伸入支座TL内的锚固长度为15。 4.梯段板的面筋伸入支座TL内的锚固长度为30d。 5.楼梯板的混凝土保护层厚度为15mm。 钢筋混凝土框架结构设计统一说明 一、一般说明 (一) 本说明用于一般的钢筋混凝土框架结构。 (二) 标高以米为单位，其余均以毫米为单位。 (三) 本工程?0.0000相当于绝对标高为 2.22 。 ) 本工程设计楼面活载荷标准值为:楼面2.0kPa，上人屋面1.5kPa，不上人屋面(四 0.75kPa。 (五) 在本说明中，凡画有符号者为本工程采用。 二、抗震设计 (一)本工程抗震设防烈度为6度。建筑物安全等级为二级。 (二)本工程钢筋混凝土框架的抗震等级为四级。 三、地基基础部分 本工程基础系根据XX工程勘察院提供的工程地质报告设计的。 (一)天然地基 1.本工程采用独立基础，根据勘探情况，基础埋置在黏土层上，地基承载力标准 ,=280MPa。 2 .基槽开挖时严禁暴晒或水浸，并应预留100~200mm厚待浇基础混凝土垫层时挖除。 3.底层120厚墙下无基础梁时，可直接砌置在混凝土地面上，做法按图1处理。 (二)桩基础 本工程采用大直径人工挖孔灌注桩。 (三)基础施工要求 1. 对于各类型基础，若施工时发现地质情况与设计不符时，应通知设计人员和勘探 人员共同研究处理。 2. 基槽挖至距设计标高100~200mm时应通知质检、设计、勘探人员到场验槽后方可 继续施工。 3. 地下室外墙防水按建施说明及详图施工。回填土应在外墙防水施工完毕后及时进 行。回填土采用2:8灰土，每层回填厚300并且人工夯实。如本工程无地下室， 可采用素土回填并夯实。 4. 地下室底板及外墙、蓄水池采用密实性防水混凝土，抗渗等级为S8。 5. 基坑开挖时施工单位应做好降水和支护工作，应制定可靠的施工组织设计，确保 相邻建筑的安全。 四.地基基础部分 (一)现浇部分 1. 基础垫层为C10混凝土。 2. 框架梁、次梁、板混凝土强度等级 框架柱混凝土强度等级 基础顶面至屋顶 基础顶面至屋顶 C25 C25 3. 所有构造柱、圈梁、过梁、拦板、楼梯的混凝土强度等级均为C20。 (二)砖砌填充墙 1. 框架填充墙在标高?0.000m以下均采用MU7.5黏土机制砖，M5水泥砂浆砌筑。 2. 标高?0.0000m以上墙体均采用非承重黏土空心砖，M5混合砂浆砌筑，墙厚按 建筑平面图所注尺寸。 (三)钢筋部分 , 钢筋采用为?级钢，=210MPa。 , 钢筋采用为?级刚，=310MPa。 3五、空心砖填充墙施工按皖93J102图集，120空心砖墙门边加强按第14页节点? 12施工，填充墙与框架柱的拉接按第5页节点??施工，填充墙墙顶与梁底或板底的 1234拉接按第16页节点????施工。墙高超过4m时应在半高处增设腰梁。腰梁做法 1按97G329(五)第页节点?。 六、钢筋混凝土构造柱的施工按协90G301图集，要求先砌墙后浇混凝土，墙应留马牙槎。构造柱与墙体的连接按协90G301图集第10页，构造柱与基础的连接按协90G301图集第8、9页。 七、现浇板内未注明的分布筋均为6@250;未注明的板面负筋均为8@200。结构平面图中板负筋长度是指梁边至钢筋端部的长度，下料时应加上梁宽度。 结构平面图中板钢筋代号规定如下: K6-6@200，K8-8@200, K10-10@200，K12-12@200。 G6-6@150, G8-8@150，G10-10@150，G12-12@150。 S6-6@100，S8-8@100，S10-10@100，S612-12@100。 八、板上圆孔直径或方孔边长等于或大于300时，应设钢筋加固;边长小于300时可不加固，板筋应绕孔边通过。 九、钢筋保护层厚度分别为:现浇板为15mm;梁、柱?0.00以上为25mm，?0 .00以下为35mm;独立基础、条形基础、筏板基础、基础梁和地下室底板，外墙为35mm。 ,十、框架梁、柱纵向钢筋的锚固长度按下表采用: 混凝土强度等级 C20 C25 C30 钢筋种类 ? ? ? 抗震等级 三、四级 40d 35d 30d ，,,十一、框架梁、柱纵向钢筋的搭接长度为，锚固长度的1.2倍，即: ,，,, =。 十二、凡在结构平面图中未特命注明的门窗过梁一统一按下述处理: (L=洞宽+500) 1. 当洞口宽度?1000时，采用钢筋砖过梁用1:2水泥砂浆做保护层厚30，下 放36钢筋伸入支座长度为250。 2. 当1000,洞口宽度?1800时，采用现浇过梁，梁宽同墙宽，梁高,=150，纵 筋410，箍筋为6@200。 3. 当1800,洞口宽度?2400时，采用现浇过梁，梁宽同墙宽，梁高,=180，纵 筋412，箍筋为6@200。 4. 洞口一侧为框架柱时，应在柱内按上述要求预埋过梁纵筋，纵筋锚入柱内300， 外伸300。浇筑过梁时过梁的纵筋应与预埋筋搭接焊牢，焊缝长度当为单面焊 时为10d,双面焊时为5d。 5. 当洞顶离结构梁底小于上述的钢筋砖过梁高度或钢筋混凝土过梁高度时，过 梁与结构梁浇成整体如图2。 十三、屋面水箱 十四、框架的构造要求按照96G101标准图集施工。 框架柱的纵筋连接构造按第22、23页;框架柱的箍筋加密按第25、26页。框 架梁的构造按平法梁说明。 十五、所有的设备预留孔、预埋件必须与相关的施工图密切配合施工，做好预留 预埋工作，不得事后开凿。 十六、所有外露铁件均须刷红丹二遍，刷调和漆二遍。 十七、屋面检修孔孔壁按图3施工。 十八、本工程应严格按照国家颁发的建筑工程施工及验收规范、规程进行施工， 并应与建筑、给排水、电气、暖通等专业密切配合。 按平面图确定 φ梁箍与KL或L箍同 φ 加φ或 洞口加强筋洞口 检修孔剖面图1图2 如何识读结构施工图 结构施工图的识读:首先应了解结构施工图的基本画法、内容、构造做法、相关图集和规范。 识图时一般按照图纸编号的顺序相互对照地识读。 (1) 图纸说明 可以看出结构类型，结构构件使用的材料和细部做法等。 (2) 基础施工图 可以看出基础的类型做法。如:砖带形基础、混凝土基础、 混凝土板式基础。 可看出基础的布置，轴线的编号、位置、间距等。 可看出基础的具体做法。如砖带形基础底部标高、垫层的宽度和厚度、 砖基础的放脚步数等。 (3) 结构平面图 可了解墙、柱、梁之间的距离和轴线编号，可以从结构平面 图上得知现浇板的厚度、钢筋布置等。 看结构图时应和建筑图对照着看，承重墙壁在结构图上看，非承重墙则 在建筑图上画。建筑图与结构尺寸不同时，应以结构图为准。 板的上下两层均配有钢筋，钢筋弯钩向上画地，表示该钢筋放在板的下 底部，钢筋弯钩向下画，表示钢筋放在板的上顶部。 (4) 结构详图 机构详图有的在施工图上画出，有的则在标准图集上或规范 上，都要详细看，按照设计和施工规范要求进行施工。 如双向板的底筋，短想筋放在底层，长向筋应在短向筋之上。结构平面 图中板负筋长度是指梁(板)边至钢筋端部的长度，钢筋下料时应加上 梁(墙)的宽度。 给排水施工图识图 给排水工程的分类 建筑内部给水排水与建筑小区给水排水的界限划分:给水是以建筑物的给水引入阀的阀门为界。排水是以排出建筑物的第一个排水检查井为界。 室内给事系统的组成 给排水工程的分类 给水排水 室外给水室内给水室内排水室外排水小消小城生生生生消室 区防区活市产活产防内 排给给给排给排排雨给 水水水水水水水水水水 系系系系排系 表:给排水工程的分类统统统统水统 室内给水系统的组成: 引入管:建筑小区室外给水管网与建筑屋内给水管之间的管段(或称进户管)。 小区引入管是总进管。 水表节点:只引入管上装设的水表及其前后的阀门、泄水装置等的总称。阀门是用于关闭进水管网，以便于拆换水龙头等修理的。泄水装置是在检修时放空管网内水、水表精度及测定进户点压力值等用的。 管道系统:是指室内给水干管、垂直立管及支管等组成的系统。 给水附件:是指管路上的截止阀、闸阀、止回阀及各种配水龙头等。 升压和贮水设备:建筑小区给水管网压力不足或建筑屋内部对安全供水、水压稳定有要求时，必须设置各种附属设备、如贮水设备有水箱、水池、水泵、气压设备等，来增加水压，这些设备统称升压贮水设备。 用水设备:卫生器具，消防设备和生产用水设备。 室内给水系统的给水方式 (1) 下行上给的直接给水方式:建筑小区内的室外给水管网的水量、水压无论什么时间 均能保证室内供水时采用。优点:系统简单，造价低，节约能源。缺点:外网无水 时，室内立即停水。适合六层以下建筑物用。 下行上給的直接给水方式 (2) 设置水池水泵和水箱的联合给水方式:当室外给水管网中压力经常低于室内给水管 网所需水压时，又不可直接抽水时，则须设置水池、水泵和水箱的联合给水方式。 优点:技术合理，供水可靠，水箱体积较小。缺点:不能不利用外网水压，能源耗 量大，造价也较大，维修麻烦。如一天内室外管网压力大部分时间都能满足室内供 水要求，仅在用水高峰时刻，室外管网中水压不能保证建筑物的上层用水时，则可 只设水箱解决。 水箱 水泵 (3) 高层建筑分区供水的给水方式:较高的建筑物中，为避免底层多大的水静压力，常 将建筑物分成上下两个供水区。下区直接用城市管网供水，上区则由水泵水箱联合 供水，水泵水箱按上区需要考虑，这样可充分利用外网水压，节约能源。 设置水池水泵和水箱的联合给水方式 水箱 城市管网的 水压线 生消 活防 水水 泵泵 高层建筑分区供水的给水方式 进水管 建筑物内部排水系统的组成 (1) 卫生器具或生产设备受水器 常用的如洗涤盆、浴盆、洗脸盆，大便器等。 贮水池(2) 排水系统:泛指器具排水管(卫生器具与横管之间的一段短管，包括存水管)、有一 定坡度的横支管、立管、埋设在室内地下的总横干管和室外的排出管等。存水弯是 堵有害气体的，不让有害气体进入室内。 (3) 通气系统:建筑物层数不高、卫生器具不多的建筑物，可将排水立管上部延伸出屋 顶，用作为通气管。但对层数较多或卫生器具设置多 通气管的作用:使室内外排水管道中有害气体排到大气中区;排水管系统向下水排 水时，可补给排水管系统内的空气，是水流通畅。 给排水施工图的组成 1. 给排水总说明 2. 给排水平面图:表明建筑物内部给水排水管道、卫生设备、用水设备等的平面布置 用的。给水和排水管道与设备的布置，可以分开画，也可以合在一起画。 (1) 底层平面图:主要内容有底层室内外管道与设备的布置。如进水部分有水 表井、进水主管、进入横管、用水设备等。排水部分有检查井、化粪池、 排水支管、排水横管、排水主管等。 (2) 楼面平面图:有给水系统和排水系统管道与设备布置，给水系统内容有进 水主管，进水横管、用水设备等。排水系统内容有排水主管、排水横管及 用水设备等。 (3) 给排水透视图 给水与排水透视图是分开画的。 ? 透视图的概念:用来反映给排水管道在空间三个方面走向的。平面图是用来反 映给水与排水管道的某一平面的横向与纵向的位置，垂直方向的布置则无法反 映。为了表示管道在垂直方向的布置，必须用三维空间的三个方向来表示，这 就要将管道画成轴测图，显示其在空间三个方向的延伸，即透视图。 透视图，一般常用“三等正面斜轴侧图”来表示，宫轴间角和轴向变形系数。 ? 透视图的内容:可反映管道的空间三个方向布置情况，如各段管得管径、标高、 坡度以及设备在官道上的位置。 ? 透视图的画法:透视图中，如给水管和排水管的数量不是一根时，需对其进行 编号。编号应和平面图上的编号一致，以便看图。 透视图中的管道须用粗实线表示，用水设备(如水表、水龙头等)须用图例画出。 透视图上管径经过墙面、地面、屋面等时，墙面、地面、屋面等要用细实线画出， 并用各材料的图例反映。 透视图上的管道须写上标高，进水管的标高以管中心为准，排水管的标高以管底为 准。室内工程注相对标高，室外工程注绝对标高。各层楼面、屋面及地面也要写上 标高。 管径的单位为mm，其中用符号表示方法见下表。 管径的常用表示方法 材料 符号 举例 表示的含义 镀锌管 ,, ,,15 ,,15表示管径为15mm的进水管，材料具体见图纸说明 钢筋混凝土管等 , ,200 ,200表示管径为200mm的排水管，材料具体见图纸说明 无缝钢管等 ,×壁厚 ,100×4 表示管径为100mm，壁厚为4mm，材料具体见图纸说明 (4) 详图:用来对平面图上某个设备进一步地详细表示，如坐式大便器，冷水脸盆、冷水浴盆等。给排水的详图一般都选用标准图集里的详图。 如何识读给排水施工图 给水施工图的识图一般是先底层后上层，按进水的方向顺序识读，即:引入管?干管?主管?支管用水设备 排水施工图的识读顺序正好和给水施工图相反，即:用水设备?存水弯?排水横管?排水主管?排水管?检查井?化粪池。 看给、排水底层平面图 ? 给水总管和排水总管的走向、埋深位置、管径及材料等。 ? 阀门井、检查井、化粪池的大小、埋深和具体做法。 ? 给水与排水的主管、干管、支管的管径平面位置、走向及材料等。 建筑物内部的用水设备的布置，如洗脸池，水池，浴盆及大便器等设备布置。 ? 看给、排水标准层平面图: 主要反映建筑物内部的管道与用水设备的布置，识图和底层看法相同。 看给、排水透视图: 从给水和排水透视图上，可以看出管道系统的空间走向，管道的标高及管径等。 ?给水透视图:可以看出给水管在三个方向上的走向、管径、标高、用水设 备的位置。用水设备有水龙头、淋浴器、锅炉、热交换器及水箱等。 ?排水透视图:可看出排水管在三个方向的走向、管径、标高及卫生器具排 水管等。 看给、排水详图: 一般要从标准图集上查看。具体的有水表、管道节点、卫生设备(如大便器、洗脸盆、浴盆)、排水设备、消防栓、检查井中阀门及化粪池等。 建筑电气施工图识图 建筑电气工程的分类 建筑电气工程的主要内容是供电、用电工程。 建筑电气施工图的特点 ? 电气施工图的制图采用统一的符号并加注文字来表示，图形符号和文字符号时构成电气 工程语言的“词汇”。电气工程的设备、元件、线路很多，结构类型不一，安装方法各 异，因此，在许多情况下，必须借用统一的图形符号和文字符号才能绘出图来。 阅读电气工程图时，首先要了解这些符号所表达的内容与含义，电气图形符号一般分为两大类:一类是电气线路中的符号;二类是电气平面图上的符号。图形符号在画图时并不按他们的形状和尺寸来画。 ? 任何电路都必须构成闭合回路。 ? 电路中的电气设备、元件等，彼此之间都是通过导线将其连接起来构成一个整体的。 开关 电源灯(负载) 导线 电路基本组成 建筑电气图形与文字符号 建筑电气施工图使用电气图形符号应尽量选用《电气图用图形符号》附录 常用电 气、照明和电信平面布置图 图例 名称 图例 名称 图例 名称 多种电源 暗装单相 事故照明 配电箱(屏) 两线插座 配电箱(屏) 暗装单向带 照明配电箱 壁龛交接箱 接地插座 暗装三相带 断路器 室内分线盒 接地插座 明装单相 单极拉线 隔离开关 两线插座 开关 明装单相 明装单级 防水防尘灯 带接地插座 开关 灯或信号灯 明装三项 暗装单级 的一般符号 带接地插座 开关 荧光灯 防爆三相 明装二级 一般符号 插座 开关 暗装二级 三管荧光灯 向上配线 开关 定时开关 五管荧光灯 向下配线 垂直通过 钥匙开关 防爆荧光灯 配线 ? (GB4728)中规定的符号，常用电气、照明和电信平面布置图例见附录 电气图形符号的特点:: a. 图形符号按照其功能在无电压、无外力作用的常态下绘制的 b. 图形符号的大小和图线的宽度在绘图时可根据需要自由确定 c. 图形符号的方位在绘图时可根据需要自由确定，但文字和指示方向不能倒置 d. 图形符号只用于元件、设备货装置之间外部连接。 ? 建筑电气文字符号:应尽量选用《电气技术中的文字符号制订通则》(GB7159-1987)中 的文字符号。 电气工程图中，一般将文字符号标准注在电气设备、装置或元件上或其近旁，表示其名 称、功能、状态及特征。 建筑电气文字符号又分为基本文字符号和辅助文字符号，常用电气设备文字符号见附录 建筑电气施工图的组成 1. 设计说明:有电气设计的依据、要求、安装标准、安装方法、工程等级等。 2. 设备材料表:用来解释本套图上工程所使用的设备和材料的名称、型号、规格和数量。 3. 电气系统图:反映本工程供电、分配控制和设备的总体情况。电气系统图又分为:变配 电系统图、动力系统图、照明系统图、弱电系统图。 4. 电气平面图:标有电气设备安装位置、线路敷设的布置、及所有导线型号、规格、数量、 管径大小等。都用图例画在建筑平面上的。 5. 设备布置图:反映电气设备、装置的平面与空间的具体位置，并写有安装方式。设备布 置图一般由平面图、立面图、平面图及详图组成。 6. 安装接线图:反映电气设备、元件之间的配线与接线关系的，用来指导设备的安装、接 线和查线的。 安装接线图 7. 电气原理图:反映电气设备或系统的工作原理，根据各个部分的原理来绘制的。从电气,, 原理图上可以知道各个部分的动作顺序，不反映各个电气设备的安装位置和具体接线。 ,,去信号1,,,,, A,,,,,,， ,,，,I , ,,;,,, 电气原理图 8. 安装详图:反映设备的具体安装和做法的大样图，用来指导安装施工等。图中画有设备安装尺寸。详图一般选用统一的安装设备标准图册。 H+50 KK H W+175H+200 H+250 安装详图 如何识读建筑电气施工图 阅读建筑电气工程图首先要知道电气图的表达形式、通用画法、图形符号、文字符号和建筑电气工程图的特点，其次要按照一定的阅读顺序，只要这样才能比较迅速全面地读懂图纸。最好还能懂的电气设备的工作原理。 1( 看总说明:了解工程总体概况及设计依据和要求、使用的材料规格等。了解图纸中未能 表达清楚的各有关事项具体有供电电源的来源、电压等级、线路敷设方法、设备安装高 度及安装方式、补充使用的非国标图形符号、施工时应注意的事项等。 2( 看系统图:各分项工程的图纸中都各有其系统图。如变配电工程的供电系统图、电力工 程的电力系统图、照明工程的照明系统图以及电缆电视系统图等。系统图上可以知道系 统的基本组成、接线情况、主要电气设备和元件等连接关系及他们的规格、型号和参数 等。 3( 看平面布置图:分建筑物的电气平面图、照明平面图、防雷接地平面图等。可看出设备 安装位置、线路敷设部位、敷设方法及所用导线型号、规格、数量、管径大小等。阅读 平面图时，应按一定的顺序阅读，具体是总配电箱?干线?分配电箱?支干线?用电设 备顺序阅读。 4( 看电路图集及安装接线图:依据功能关系是从上至下或从左至右一个回路一个回路地阅 读。 5( 看设备材料表:提供了该工程使用的设备与材料的型号、规格和数量，是编制购置设备、 材料计划的重要依据之一。 6( 注意事项:看建筑电气工程施工图时应与主体工程(土建工程)及其他安装工程(给排 水管道、工艺管道、采暖通风空调管道、通讯线路、消防系统及机械设备等)施工图相 互配合看，建筑电气工程不能与建筑结构图及其他安装工程发生任何矛盾。如线路的敷 设与建筑结构的梁、柱、门窗、楼板的位置有关，还与其他管道的走向、间距有关;设 备的安装与墙体结构、楼板材料有关;特别是一些暗敷线路、电气设备基础及各种电气 预埋件更与土建工程密切相关。因此，阅读建筑电气工程图时要注意与有关的土建工程 图、管道工程图之间的配合关系。 建筑电气工程图中对于设备的安装方法、质量要求以及是使用、维修等方面的技术要求 等一般不完全反映出来。我们在阅读图纸时，有关安装方法、技术要求等问题，要注意 参照有关标准图集和国家规范执行。 附录一:常用建筑材料图例 序号 名称 图例 备注 包括各种自然土壤 1 自然土壤 2 夯实土壤 靠近轮廓线绘较密的点 3 砂、灰土 4 砂砾石、碎砖三合土 5 天然石材 6 毛石 包括实心砖、多孔砖、砌块等砌体，断面较窄7 普通砖 不易绘出图例线时，可涂红 包括耐酸砖等砌体 8 耐火砖 指非承重砖砌体 9 空心砖 包括铺地砖、马赛克、陶瓷锦砖、人造大理石10 饰面砖 砖等 1.本图例指能承重的混凝土及钢筋混凝土2.11 混凝土 包括各种强度、等级、骨料、添加剂的缓凝土 3.在剖面图上画出钢筋时，不画图例线4.断面12 钢筋混凝土 图形小，不易画出图例线时可涂黑。 包括与水泥、石灰等合成的材料 13 焦渣、矿渣 包括水泥珍珠岩、沥青珍珠岩、泡沫混凝土、14 多孔材料 非承重加气混凝土、软木、硅石制品等 包括矿棉、岩棉、玻璃棉、麻丝、木丝板、纤15 纤维材料 维板等 包括聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚氨酶等多孔聚合物16 泡沫塑料材料 材料 17 松散材料 1.上图为横断面，上左图为垫木，木砖或木龙18 木材 骨。 2.下图为纵断面 应注明为×层胶合板 19 胶合板 包括圆孔、方孔石膏板、防水 20 石膏板 石膏板等 1.包括各种金属 21 金属 2.图形小时，可涂黑 1.包括金属，塑料网状材料 22 网状材料 2.应注明具体材料名称 应注明具体液体名称 23 液体 包括平板玻璃、磨砂玻璃、夹丝玻璃、钢化玻24 玻璃 璃、中空玻璃、加层玻璃、镀膜玻璃等 25 橡胶 各种软、硬塑料及有机玻璃等 26 塑料 构造层次多或比例大时，采用上面图例 27 防水材料 本图例采用较稀的点 28 粉刷 图例中斜线、短斜线、交叉斜线等一律为45?。 附录2:常用建筑构造图例 名称 图例 名称 图例 单扇弹簧门 底层楼梯 双扇弹簧门 上 转门 下 中间楼梯层 上 单层固定窗 顶层楼梯 下 单层外开 检查孔 平开窗 孔洞 φ宽×高或 底(顶或中心)标高××，×××墙预留洞 烟道 通风道 左右推拉窗 新建的 墙和窗 单层外开 上悬窗 空洞门 单扇门 下下 入口坡道 双扇门 双扇推拉门 桥式起重机 电梯 ,,, ,, 附录4:常用给排水工程图例 名称 图例 名称 图例 给水管 ,淋浴喷头 排水管 水泵接合器 , 水龙头 地漏 室外消火栓 清扫口 通气帽 止回阀 成品铅丝球 存水弯 球阀 截止阀 ,50DNDN?50 洗脸盆 方沿浴盆 拖布盆 自动冲水箱 室内消火栓 平面系统壁挂式小便器 (双口) 小便槽 水泵 蹲式大便器 清扫口 系统平面 系统平面室内消火栓 坐式大便器 (单口) 附录6 常用电气设备文字符号 设备、装置 举例 基本文字符号 和元器件种类 中文名称 英文名称 单字母 双字母 Amplifier using discrete components 分离元件放大器 激光器 Laser 调节器 Regulator 本表其他地方未提及的组件、部件 电桥 Bridge AB 晶体管放大器 Transistor amplifier AD 集成电路放大器 Integrated circuit amplifier AJ 磁放大器 Magnetic amplifier AM 电子管放大器 Valve amplifier AV 印制电路板 Printed circuit board AP 抽屉柜 Drawer AT 支架盘 Rack AR 天线放大器 Antenna amplifier AA 频道放大器 Channel amplifier AC 控制屏(台) Control panel(desk) AC 电容器屏 Capacitor panel AC 应急配电箱 Emergency distribution box AE 组件部件 A 高压开关柜 High voyage switch gear AH 前端设备 Headed equipment(Head end) AH 刀开关箱 Knife switch board AK 低压配电屏 Low voltage distribution panel AL 照明配电箱 Illumination distribution board AL 线路放大器 Line amplifier AL 自动重合闸装置 Automatic recloser AR 仪表柜 Instrument cubicle AS 模拟信号板 Map(Mimic)board AS 信号箱 Signal box(board) AS 稳压器 Stabilizer AS 同步装置 Syncronizer AS 接线箱 Connecting box AW 插座箱 Socket box AX 动力配电箱 Power distribution board AP (英文版 ) easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementation of the < code > and < rule >, lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management , strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the < code > and < rule > is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with < > and < >. To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of "concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing" three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the < code > as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to implement < >, do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out to be a good thing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Don't always take everything back to things, and don't get into a blind alley, don't want to face, don't be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, I'm afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell don't 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth, Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open one's mouth, because s will reduce its importance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good things, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also don't envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, ma'am, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, don't envy him A sum of, don't lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also can't let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink? 6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the other side scenery is beautiful. To you is not good, you do not mind too much, no one has an obligation to you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you treat people, does not represent how others treat you, if cannot see through this point, only inviting worry. 18, time is like a sponge in the water, as long as you are willing to squeeze, the total water is still there. Every life, after the ups and downs The best test of live, to life, survival and continuation, do not stop the struggle in the joys and sorrows of life on the road, so that different soul to bear life beat, acceptance of suffering. 19, indifferent to heart, calmly in table, elegant and comfortable life, do not take what is so important. The pursuit will be disappointed; to be alive, you will have trouble. Life is the most afraid of what all want to care about, but also what all grasp is not firm, without scenery, separated populations, such as not to desire, all docked in the fate of the end. Why is too rigid, the natural, to go stay not to live, let go of obsession, revel is 20, if the fate of the broken Hopes of sailing, please don't despair, the coast is still, if the fate of the withered petals of the beautiful, please do not sink, the spring is still, life will always be endless trouble, please don't helpless, because they are still alive, is still a dream, the sun still, we still. Lost, keep memories; to get, must work to; but the most important is good to cherish their own. 21, life, select the complex, is to choose the pain; choose a simple, is choose to be happy. The complex world like a Significance of pride. Hope is the ornate palace, outside people admiring the magnificent, living in the deep knowledge of living it to pay the price. Simple world as a simple log cabin outside ridiculed shabby, the heart is willing to go live to know the joy. Suffering and joy is their own choice. 22, learn how to use a single powerful heart, let the past be the past, let the future come. Life is really the end of the end of an eagle is flying wings, life is constantly pursuit. Don't miss to regret, don't wait for old just miss. Time to return, seize every moment, again painstakingly again tired also Those struggling to fly. 23, life could not Yimapingchuan, even flat pavement, inevitably there will be a few pieces of roadblocks. Some of the rocks around the past, while others have to move it out. Just move others put the stone is very easy, because the stone from the appearance we can discern; difficult to myself to move away the heart of stone head. Leave time to spend with her, often reflect my heart, so as to remove your heart of stone. 24, everything does not have to be demanding, come to, everything does not have to care about, over the past; failing to do not frown, laugh it laugh. Results Don't demand, do to; life is a simple, calm and peaceful. Always not to choose their own path and regret, life is like a train, the scenery and then the United States will retreat, the passage of time and encounter will eventually drifting further and further away, before is always himself. 25, everyone has a weakness, weakness is true humanity. That has no weakness, a shallow person. That people think there is no weakness, mostly false. Life has shortcomings, there are shortcomings is the real life. That no one regret, or childish or numbness or Self deception. It is in tolerance of weakness and so on to accept, people live happily. Hello, everyone! I am a party member. The title of my speech is: < study and implement the party's two laws, doing practical play highway. 2015 October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China promulgated the implementation of the < the probity of the Communist Party of China self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and punishment regulations. We Heyuan male passers-by to respond positively to the call of the Central Committee of the party, earnestly organize the study "party two regulations", truly grasp the essence and gist, and in their respective positions, to hold the bottom line of the discipline, build a strong ideological line of defense, with the courage to play, the courage to fight tough and fearless spirit, at the crucial moment well to complete the task, with practical action to test the study and implement effect Because of discipline in the * * * * * * * * * * * story. Here, let me to cast a brick to attract jade, speak about our highway. Highway line section of the road surface transformation project, last year "towards the country seized" will be seized one of the items. To complete this arduous task, as a project management office director Comrade, keep in mind from the Communist Party membership, recognize and identify the "bottom line", strict management, and strict adherence to the quality of the project. He not only set an example, honesty and self-discipline, but also requires the management of all the members of the O.K., do not eat the construction unit one meal, do not accept the construction unit a ceremony. In this way, they didn't really dare to adhere to the principle. No comrade, constantly put on reworking an emergency meeting to Comrade Zhen to speak louder, management tube too strict. Remember in Dongguan Street, 400 meters long cement concrete surface layer, because of various reasons, the smoothness of the poor in the bottom cavity, covering film traces and car imprinting quality problems, * * * inquiries, immediately rushed to the scene to understand and verify the situation, the convening of the management office, the construction units, supervision units, construction units, construction units construction time is tight, the economic loss and other reasons to intercede ******** unmoved. He said, "now a popular word, to the discipline and rules quite in front, there are no rules Radius, you construction team not accordance with the technical specifications, quality problems, it must be to carry out rectification. Engineering quality responsibility be weightier than Mount Tai, if we manage to this matter Pavement quality quantity are placed the matter, we this time to learn two regulations have what use? Still what is the Communist Party? "Finally, in his insisted, the road after rework, to solve these problems. In the construction of the new comrades and the project all the colleagues efforts, after four months of fighting, the project the main project was finally completed and passed inspection. Thousands of miles of ice, thousands of miles Piao, this is a splendid and romantic scene. But snow for the highway, it is a disaster, a serious threat to the traffic safety. This year, a month, a century of cold wave swept from North to south, and the snow blowing to Guangdong, but also to bear the blow To * * * * the highway. In January on the evening of 23, Lianping county city temperatures dropped to minus 2 degrees, a wide range of sudden rain sleet, before and after the provincial S341 line in Jiulianshan Mountain tunnel sections of the road appeared in the snow, lead to the passing vehicles skid, traffic is blocked. In the face of the sudden natural disasters, city and county highway department immediately launched the emergency plan for disaster prevention. As the front line of the main force, Lianping Highway Bureau of all Party members and cadres to remember the Party member responsibility, braving the biting cold wind, the first time rushed to the scene, on the icy pavement of salt disposal. Because the temperature is too low, just melt water immediately freezes, addition to the ice work to increase the difficulty. To ensure In addition to the re organization of the depths of the traffic safety, road people braved the icy put reflective cones and warning signs, endure cold at minus 2,3 of Jiulianshan patrols until one in the morning. Just before dawn, Lianping Highway Bureau personnel on the icy road salt ice melting processing until ten o'clock, ice melting ice success, the road gradually returned to normal traffic. In the cold winter night, which people do not miss the warm bed, which people do not miss the warm home. However, our highway on the road to the owners of the masses can go home early, the night fighting to secure the avoidance of the road safety and smoothness, fulfill their responsibility. Xi General Secretary Every Party member cadre cautioned against said: blacksmith needs self hard "." two regulations ", is our own hard standard test, more exercise every party members and cadres of the fire. We should continue to strengthen the party two regulations, conscientiously in practical work, practical play road, the road for the development of the cause of Heyuan and struggle. In the industry domain report the situation of road traffic in recent years, in the province highway departments of the concern and support, our bureau management department based on the job, loyalty duty, best service, to further promote the highway management standardization, legal, scientific and information technology to improve the management level and service quality. This will be my last work is as follows: first, around the center, go all out to greet the seizure in 2015, "meet national examination" is my bureau work. As the highway management department, we focus on the work of the center to strengthen road renovation and management as the focal point, further optimize the service environment, improve service levels. Inspection, the inspection group and the Ministry of transport, the Bureau under the leadership of the ministries and agencies highly evaluated and fully affirmed. (a) increase road area remediation efforts. The programme of work, strengthen the organization and leadership. The timely development of the city of <*** common trunk highway area environment remediation plan >, along the road signs and markings, traffic safety facilities, on both sides of the green, advertising signs, control area illegal construction and implementation of remediation tasks to the relevant departments, clear work time of the node to ensure rectification work timely. Set up road area special rectification work leading group, implement a bureau, the Bureau of the county (District), the project road site domain environment comprehensive improvement Mechanism. To ensure that the work carried out smoothly, the bureau also organized the city road managers participated in the regulation of road region and the relevant laws and regulations of the special training. 2. Active butt joint is reported, actively strive for the support of. Local Party committee and government support is the job As a magic weapon, I am one of the Bureau of the principal leaders repeatedly attack inspection "remediation and road area to the principal leaders of the municipal report. * * *, the Secretary of municipal Party committee, mayor * *, * * *, vice mayor of many times the rate of the relevant departments directly under the responsible person in-depth National Highway G105 line, G205 line, provincial S341 line and the other highway project site, on-site office, coordination solve engineering construction and environmental comprehensive renovation in the presence of difficulties and problems. Last year, national highway along the county (District) government led organizations deploy traffic, urban management, public security, land, environmental protection, industry and commerce, highways and other related departments, to carry out to dismantle illegal construction and ground structures, cleaning up illegal standard Records label "as the main content of the road domain integrated environmental remediation activities and achieved good results. 3. Pay attention to comprehensive management, improve the effectiveness of remediation. Road construction control management has been strengthened. According to the relevant provisions of the laws and regulations of the < Highway Law > and < highway safety regulations for the protection of > and so on, county * *, * * County People's Government on highway construction control area were delineated and issue a public notice, * * County People's government also approved by the executive meeting of the government through discussion, implementation of road boundary markers of 73 million yuan of special funds input, stake setting. According to statistics, last year the city has erected building control zone peg 820, construction control area boundary markers 815 . the second is highway greening and beautification work enhance the road area remediation effectiveness. Will highway greening and beautification work as road area remediation of a key, invite garden experts to guide the design of green, the implementation of high standards for ecological landscape highway activities to create, five years, I board greening mileage of more than 900 kilometers, appropriate road greening greening rate of 100%, effectively enhance the city road greening level and grade, adds a sharp scenery line for **********. Third, rectification of illegal construction and occupation of the road has been checked. By through the town, crossing the road on many occasions to carry out concentrated rectification actions, to clear the remnants of the wall, broken Archives of highways in strict accordance with the wall of building structures and the illegal deposits, remediation along the Jeeves, Jeeves placed advertisements and vehicle maintenance, car washing and other acts, standardize and purification on both sides of the highway billboards and other non road signs, I city of national and provincial highway basic elimination of the "dirty, chaotic, poor, blocking phenomenon, highway traffic environment purification, landscaping. (2) to strengthen the management on the basic data management. The level of the archives management regulations, formulate the < file management system >, the establishment of the road, the implementation of the file manager, file collection, filing, sorting, filing, confidentiality, custody, borrow, identification pin Destroy the standardization. 2, standardized management, enhance service image (a) evaluation system to further improve in order to strengthen and standardize guidance and assessment of each county (area) bureau of highways management work, the Bureau developed a <*** City Highway Bureau highways management assessment implementation measures (Trial). To regularly check for half a year, year-end assessment and irregular random sampling combined, taking the spot road inspections, sampling sections, listening to the reports, archives data check, for each county (area) bureau of highways management work implementation of the special assessment. According to the annual comprehensive assessment appraisal score results, evaluation of outstanding, excellent compliance and Not up to the standard of four grades. And in accordance with the level of assessment, the award on behalf of dial highway management funds. Total score is above 95%, is excellent, 10 million yuan reward; total score of 90 - 94 for excellent, 8 million yuan reward; for the total score of 80 - 89 points for standard, reward 50000 yuan. On the total score is less than 79 points for non-compliance unit, circulate a notice of criticism. (II) Sheung inspection work to further standardize a is in place to ensure the inspection. National and provincial trunk highway patrol monthly not less than 20 days, State Road a week of not less than 3 times, dart a week of not less than 2 times. The second is to explore and promote the electronic patrol monitoring. City highway patrol vehicles are installed on the highway patrol vehicle monitoring system; highway law enforcement personnel are equipped with a recorder for law enforcement, on the process of supervision and law enforcement to ensure evidence has played an effective role. The third is unified and standardized inspection ledger records, inspection equipment use and management of the electronic Patrol information storage utilization. The fourth is the establishment of highway maintenance and inspections mechanism. The city's 19 country and provincial trunk highway maintenance center equipped with the CPPCC keeper, and to develop a road of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference tube member responsibilities. According to statistics, in 2015 (on the road. Day.... Stop the road mileage, 17 cases; clean up debris on both sides of the road 20 , demolition billboard 30, demolition chaotic scaffolding house 3, clean Lane Hawking 15.) (3) road permit work to further strengthen the implementation of administrative licensing system, strengthen the supervision and administration of the licensing. Strict implementation of the < Guangdong Province highways license implementation measures >. According to the provisions of the road approval procedures and processes to carry out road license, do according to the law, the license in accordance with the law, shall be subject to examination and approval of the. Implement the collective examination and approval, to strengthen supervision. Highways and approval of business implementation of technical review of administrative approval and separation, the audit focused on the more complex involved in the road licensing matters, collective decision-making, to improve the scientific nature of the road administrative examination and approval, reduce approval corruption risks. Second is to promote the In administrative permission of information technology to improve service quality. According to the <*** Provincial People's Government Office on Issuing 2014 improve and expand the spirit of the relevant documents of the online business hall of program of work notice > and ministries and provincial and municipal government, I realized the butt of Guangdong Province highway information network and provincial network business hall * * * branch office highways licensing examination and approval work. Simplify the licensing process, and strengthen the office system, optimize the quality of service. (4) image of the team to further enhance a is grasp Windows image.2015 years, my bureau highways licensing in the city administrative service center settings window service. According to the <** provincial highway The provisions of the administrative licensing service window management way > and < on regulating the content of the public notice >, I Bureau for damaged highway capacity compensation standard, occupied by highway repair (lost) compensation expenses standards, in accordance with the law of administrative licensing items, the communications administrative license implementation procedures into the line on the wall publicity, in the service window is equipped with all kinds of application fill in sample, administrative licensing service guide brochure, in a conspicuous place public commitment to the system and advisory telephone complaints, for the masses provides warm and thoughtful service. Second is to grasp the "Four Unifications" working in the city's highway law enforcement image. According to the Ministry of transport < to strengthen transportation administrative law enforcement image construction guidance Scheme > and the ministries of the Provincial Bureau of the relevant documents, I board in front of the June 2015 completed the identification of law enforcement, law enforcement station appearance, clothing of law enforcement, law enforcement documents "four unification". (5) the AILU nursing atmosphere further formation of my bureau attaches great importance to the propaganda work of highway management "road awareness month" into <*** City Highway Bureau 2015 road administration work points. One is around the "norms of law enforcement, improve the service" theme "road awareness month" activities carried out. According to statistics, the city's highway system were deployed highways propaganda car 60 times, staff of highways 152 people, set point consulting 6, issued and publicity Data of 8000, hanging banners 134; broadcast 60 hours / 20, update 7 inch high rod making permanent propaganda page 4; in <*** Daily > 7th edition published < highway laws and regulations publicity content >, purchased and distributed < the people's Republic of China Highway Law >, < highway Ann Quanbao supporting regulations > legal text, a total of 500 this. The second is to carry out "12.4" national legal advocacy day activities, the city road officers go deep among the masses interpretation of highway Highways Management laws, regulations and policy advocacy, analysis for illegal construction at both sides of the road, a typical case of illegal advertising management, showing public road construction and maintenance of highways The actual results of the management, the masses love protection consciousness and social awareness to further enhance the enforcement of highways. In recent years, I board in the highway management work were some beneficial explorations and the attempt, and achieved initial results, but there is still a certain gap compared with requirements of the Provincial Bureau and other brothers City, we will to implement the party's spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the opportunity, and further increase the intensity of road management work, and constantly improve the overall quality of the workforce and the ability to learn, and strive to achieve the new highway across. Today the topic of democratic life will I talk about the main to correctly treat leave turn ensure transition delicate gas is understanding, to carry out criticism and self-criticism, in-depth to find problems, profound analysis of the causes, through self analysis to find their own existence problem, to correctly understand their own, strengthen the party spirit training, to ensure that the election of smoothly and successfully completed. Below I talk about their own situation, please put forward valuable opinion. Main understanding (a) serious discipline, to create a delicate gas is in the general environment in accordance with the Central Commission for discipline inspection organs, < of Organization Department of CPC Central Committee on strengthening the election of the notice of customs supervision >, municipal < on doing a good job City Township leadership transition in the notification > and county Party Committee Organization Department of the county Party Committee Organization Department < on the convening of the correct treatment leave turn ensure transition Fengqing gas is a feature of democratic life notice > files related to the spirit of the requirements, earnestly implement the "nine is prohibited, nine shall be" the solemn discipline, I earnestly study the < Chinese Communist Party principle of honesty and self-discipline >. < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations >, < promote leading cadre of some regulations >, < party and government leading cadres selection and appointment Regulations > and file, and a profound understanding of the nine is prohibited, a nine law "discipline essence and firmly safeguard the election of serious Ensure the unhealthy tendencies have successfully completed, and actively create a delicate gas is the election of environment, to ensure that the election, so as to further strengthen the town leadership and cadre team construction. Through the study, in-depth thinking, to a serious discipline the importance and necessity of a more profound understanding. First, it is the iron discipline. The central put forward the "nine is prohibited, nine shall be the reason for early serious general discipline, designated" high-voltage wire, "itself reflects the party committees at all levels of the reelection of attaches great importance to the objective is bright resolute attitude, the implementation of effective measures, the same candidate to fight with discipline election of wind Discipline in gas is health. Secondly, this is prevenient. From some typical cases, we can see that individual cadres election to engage in speculative hack canvassing votes, in violation of discipline, and ultimately paid a high price. The destruction of Hengyang election case and Nanchong canvassing bribery case that strengthen election discipline, serious election discipline of necessity and importance. The discipline of publicity to the public, wide report, that is, early warning, early hit precautionary needle, tell the cadres should do what shouldn't do, what to do and what not to do, and better education of cadres, warning cadres, and build a strong line of defense, to avoid the occurrence of similar problems. There is duty. Serious discipline, with a strong team is an important starting point. As the leadership of the party members and cadres, take the lead in the implementation and take the lead in upholding the election of discipline, which is a major political responsibility. Must be clear requirements, strict constraints themselves, cherish the honor, safeguard the image of the organization; promote righteousness, play an exemplary role. Especially as deputy Township, but also to give a full play to its role, always stand in the discipline of first-line maintenance. The wind Su Ji through the election of the work of the whole process. (II) serious discipline, treat correctly leave turn as a cadre of the party, whether it is in, is back, stay, turn are organization Metabolism of entrepreneurial career, need and development need. So, his first with a broad mind to treat "leave turn". The position is officer positions, power for the people service tools. Different positions of the party's cause, plays a decisive role, the same important. To ability strong, style of comrade to important positions and applause, is full of vigor and vitality and promising young cadres in leadership and cheer for their own "leave turn" and calmly face, calm place. Second is to a healthy state of mind to treat "leave turn". The personnel of metabolic, between the past and the present. Cadre new old alternant, team, push In the party constitution control strict working to career development objective need, is never the end of the historical process. Each a cadre must face up to the laws of nature to think we also took the former relay baton "go on leadership post, regardless of the current positions, positions and responsibilities have what change, can do for peace of mind and mood, such as water, in a happy mood. (3) carefully and find out the problem, correct understanding of themselves, even though they do conscientious, serious attitude, honesty in politics, but high standard < >, the control standard, especially control learning, striving for excellent activities emerge in large numbers of advanced characters, advanced deeds Static not consciously practice the "strict three real" and strengthen the party spirit accomplishment to find the gap, swing is insufficient, a clear direction, mainly manifested in the following aspects: one is the learning initiative and self-consciousness. Often busy with work as an excuse, not consciously take the initiative to spare time to learn. Is often superior to learn what to learn what, and work closely to learn, and working relationship is not less to learn. Mainly manifested in the theoretical study is not thorough, system is not thorough, the Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and "Three Represents" important thought, the scientific concept of development and learning, general secretary of the series of speech learning, just from the surface on learning In the less less less and not deep enough, not from the deeper study, to study, to understand, to sentiment, to use, to guide the work. The second is to investigate the research. This year their participation in the county, the county government's important meeting, the town Party work time is more, coupled with the specific affairs busy, in-depth primary research time reduced. The inspection was carried out research activities, there are surface examination, thematic research, listen to reports and discussion research, the general requirements and specific guidance, in a certain extent, affected the timely discovery and solve. Third is the level of leadership, leadership and need to be further improved. Stroke the personnel selection is positive, work coordination and cooperation can't to the best effect; in the coordination to deal with some complex problems, the approach is not enough. Especially encountered, time is tight, the task is heavy, is often the soldiers to be blocked, the water to soil cover, struggling to cope with. The global and forward-looking innovation is not enough. (4) to ensure that the transition delicate gas selected loyal to the party loyal to the people of leading cadres (recommended) for the county to provide accurate information to ensure the transition in the air, after the general election of work have a greater change. The second is balanced, promote the work in an orderly manner. In the future a period of time, the transition will be in the county under the leadership of the Extended surface. And breeding industry and the construction of key projects also in actively, they have to seriously consider, overall transition and key projects to promote. Education team members and the town, village cadres actively participate in industry cultivate the work, with outstanding achievements to accept the assessment of test of the organization and the masses of the people, in the town set up promising is a strong general business and the right atmosphere general election, do election and projects to promote the two not mistake, the promotion of two. Second, the rectification measures One is to enhance learning, awareness raising, he will continue to strengthen learning, improve the level of awareness, their own unity of thought and action to the county, township party committee of arrangements for the election. The second is correctly, strengthen discipline, own the right of transition, a matter of personal leave turn, as a town, deputy secretary of Party committee, themselves are fully aware of the only serious work, strict demands on themselves in order to not negative expectations of organizations and the masses, so that individuals can well deal with good transition in personal leave turn. Three people on the election promise as Deputy Secretary of the Party committee, in the election of my solemn commitment to Catch: if a is strictly abide by and take the lead in the implementation of the "nine is prohibited, nine" transition discipline, not to engage in cliques, not to engage in canvassing votes buying and selling, buying, and no fraud swindlers officer, do not intercede say hello, not illegal, not to run gas leak, do not interfere with changing times, accomplish strict discipline, warning, with iron discipline firmly put unhealthy trends, promote delicate gas to ensure transition in the healthy and orderly development; the second is resolutely obey organization arrangement, and resolutely to stress the party spirit, principle, discuss overall situation, correctly treat personal leave turn, the correct treatment the election results and focus on their careers, from start to finish, ensure the normal and orderly develop. For in-depth study and implement the party's eighteen, the eighth session of the fourth, the spirit of the fifth plenary session, the implementation of comprehensive strictly required, a solid grasp of the construction of Party member team, in accordance with the requirements of the county Party Committee Organization Department No. 3 (2016) Luo Zufa. According to the requirements of the < Chinese Communist Party Constitution > and the central work of education for the party members, combined with actual town, 2016 Party member education and training scheme is formulated. The guiding ideology adhere to a comprehensive study of implementing the scientific development view as guidance, in-depth study and implement the party's eighteen, the eighth session of the fourth, fifth plenary session and the General Secretary Xi Jinping series important Speech adhere to the application for promoting learning, and strive to improve our ideological and political quality of Party members; firmly establish catch a party to build pipe must be members, tube members first catch education of ideological understanding, close to the Party member's ideological and practical work, strive to build a party regular education work mechanism, promote the party members play a vanguard and exemplary role; firmly grasp the construction of ability of administration of strengthening the party, advanced nature and purity of construction of the main line, adhere to to enhanced grasp the party building work consciousness, strengthen the self construction of the party organizations as the fundamental starting point, for the town's economic and social development provided for ideological and political guarantee of the strong and powerful organization guarantee. Second, target 201 The main task of 6 years of education and training of Party members is earnestly implement the <2015 - 2018 XX County Education and training of Party members to implement views > (Luo Wei do [2015] 121) to further strengthen the work of the education and training of Party members request, to training the town, the grassroots party members and common. From 5 January 2016, through a variety of channels in a variety of forms in a planned, step by step, to focus on the organization to carry out the education and training of Party members. A party spirit idea generally enhanced. Through education and training, prompting the majority of Party members to further strengthen the ideal and faith, enhance the party concept, consciously practice the agency will socialist core value system. To further enhance the confidence of the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, theoretical system of self-confidence and confidence. (II) Party members working ability greatly improved. Through the development of education and training, to boost the knowledge structure of Party members transformation and upgrading, improve the party to use the Marxist stand, viewpoints and methods of analysis and problem solving ability, adapt to the new situation and new tasks. (3) play an effective role of Party member model. Through the development of training and education, promote the party members in theProduction, work, learning and service to the community in give full play to the exemplary vanguard role, and actively striving to take the lead in learning to improve and take the lead in striving for success, serving the masses to take the lead and lead law-abiding, take the lead in promoting the healthy atmosphere model. (4) the building of grassroots organizations strong impetus. Through the development of education and training, the Party member troop overall quality and ability to serve the people increased, grass-roots party organization's creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness of the improved. Contents and measures according to different type of the town, at different levels, the actual needs of the different positions of Party members, hierarchical class to carry out the education and training of Party members. Adhere to the town overall and please tutoring, please Come in and sent down the combination, to the party spirit education and ability cultivation as the center, overall constitution and discipline, the core value system, political theory, domestic and international situation in town situation, party organization construction, legal education, culture, science and technology, industrial development, management, resource management and protection, social management innovation in the aspects, to village (unit) as a unit, to all members of the organization a above rotation activities. Focus on Township and village committee cadres straight unit leading Party group secretary, activist of join or be admitted to the party, the education and training of village class mothball cadre training, efforts to strengthen the parties organization Secretary of party spirit accomplishment, do a good job of the consciousness of the party building work, enhanced the Party activist , people in rural areas to promote rural economic development of practical abilities. At the same time, through the development of the theme of practical training, autonomous learning training, make full use of the party members and cadres of modern distance education network etc., for the party members in various fields to carry out the classification of rotation, party spirit training, tobe grind quality, improve quality. Organizational Leadership (a) strengthen leadership, implement the responsibility. Town Party committee to the work of the education and training of Party members into the party building work important content, the overall responsibility of the Secretary of the Party committee, vice secretary of the lead and the implementation of specific members of the organization, the organizational Secretary of the parties to personally plan, personally deploy, supervise the implementation; the education and training of Party members to carry out into the grass-roots party Construction work responsibility system and the building of grassroots organizations special assessment, directly with the grass-roots party organizations Pingxianpingyou link, to strengthen the organization and leadership to do a good job of work to implement. (II) the overall progress, implement the plan. Ensure that the deployment, according to the arrangement of the 2016 Party member education and training plans, based on the actual needs of the party, on-demand rationing; do supervision and guidance, strengthen the supervision of the work of the education and training of Party members, guidance and services to help solve the difficulties and problems in the training; assessment, by listening to the report, information search, evaluation, etc., with emphasis on the assessment of the implementation of the plan, Party members to participate in training proportion and effect, indeed Protect task implementation. (3) the typical guide, step up publicity. Pay attention to cultivate advanced and typical, timely promotion and the typical experience of the characteristics of the practice. The work of the education and training of Party members as the focus of the grass-roots party building and the sector skills training for communication and advocacy, by setting the column, offering special journals and other forms of propaganda, to create a strong atmosphere of public opinion, promote the orderly conduct of the work and achieved certain results. In order to further implement the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of major speeches about the party's work style and clean government and anti-corruption struggle spirit and the central, province, city, County Commission for Discipline Inspection and the spirit of the plenary session, to further strengthen the awareness of the loyal party members and cadres, sense of purpose, sense of responsibility and a sense of discipline, boost the county's economic and social development. In accordance with the ensemble [of Ji Qing 2016) spirit of the document No. 3, combined with my bureau actual, make this program of activities, and a theme of learning party discipline, strict discipline, boosting Qingshen development. Second, activity time April 2016 1 - April 30, three, activity content (a) carry out party discipline learning activities. Global organization of cadres and workers to focus on learning, network learning, self-study and other forms of strengthen constitution < < the probity of the Communist Party of China self-discipline criterion "" Chinese Communist Party disciplinary Regulations >, < Xi Jinping on clean government and anti-corruption fight discusses excerpts > and other relevant information learning. Education for Party members and cadres to < code > < Regulations > as the ruler, combined with its work, measure, control and their own ideas and practical test, take the initiative to conduct Lianzheng is affirmatory consciously practice commitment, achieve the hearts of the party, Zun Jishou Confessions of readings of the Si > < confessions to carry out the hearts of the people, in the heart has the responsibility, in the heart has quit, maintain the party's advanced nature and purity. (2) to carry out special warning education activities. In the global "read < > writing experience, the concept of warning education independent micro film > reflections, prisons and courtroom free" as the main content of the special warning education activities. Use of the weekly worker will focus to watch a warning education. The < >, cadres and workers to write their feelings, reflections, and the clean publicity column posted; 4 month global organization of Party members and cadres to the eyebrow delta prison visits to detainees xianshenshuifa education of cadres and workers With low-cost combined with special method. (3) to teach a class of anti-corruption initiate cheap course. By the leaders of anti corruption and financial supervision and administration of state-owned assets of explain the profound things in a simple way to explain, so that all staff of honest business, according to the law to act in a more profound understanding, so as to enhance staff's sense of responsibility and sense of mission. (4) to promote innovation to help the family activities. To carry out the party members and cadres "motto, bright family traditions" activities for family education into harmony, filial piety, encouraging learning, goodness, thrifty, inspirational, cultivation of excellent genes to guide Party members and cadres to good tradition folk, with a good tradition being honest, with good tradition promote political winds, creating a delicate gas is the general atmosphere. Four activities (a) to strengthen leadership, careful organization. One is the establishment of the "independent warning education month" activities leading group of the state owned Financial Bureau, bureau leading Party group secretary of the leader, board members of the team to serve as deputy head. The second is making < County State Owned Financial Bureau independent warning education activities month scheme > determine promotional content, clear steps, truly understanding, measures, and put in place, ensure the effectiveness of the activities. (II) take all factors into consideration, pay attention to actual effect. According to "strict three real special education and" two studies do "activities, in based on the provisions of the action without aliasing, and creativity to carry out various forms, rich and colorful activities, and strive to Pay attention to actual effect, and resolutely prevent, going through the motions, really promote the party members and cadres from the depths of the ideological solidating abide by discipline regulations of the defence. (3) strengthening propaganda, to create atmosphere. To make full use of the column publicity, propaganda position of network, increase publicity efforts, expand warning education activities of the coverage and influence. Today, we hold the city's precise technology to poverty alleviation and project work to promote the meeting, the main purpose is to further promote the task of aiding the poor with technology roots and accelerate all kinds of scientific and technological projects. Last year, this year, the city's scientific and technological work has made remarkable achievements, such as the convening of national poverty alleviation of science and technology on the spot will, cultivate high-tech enterprises, Bashan scholar training and the introduction of scientific and technical personnel incentives, listing national agricultural science and Technology Park, science and technology incubator building. Just now, Huangli In recent years city science and technology to help the poor and science and technology project effectiveness, the main problems were analyzed, and in a period of time in the future, the city's precise technology to poverty alleviation and science and technology project work arrangements, I agree, I hope everyone to earnestly implement. Here, I stressed the three points. Learning "learning", to carry out the "learning and doing" education as the city's innovation and development of an important driving force. The Party Central Committee decided to 2016 years in all Party members to carry out learning the party constitution, party rules, a series of speech, do a qualified party member education (referred to as "learning to do"). Some time ago, I called the "learning the party constitution, party rules, a series of speech, do a qualified party member education and mobilization, the province carried out within the" two a "learning education mobilization. Municipal Party committee will soon be held a mobilization will make arrangements for the deployment. To carry out the" two a "study and education, based on" learning ", key in" do ". As the science and Technology Department of cadres and workers, to (benchmark for two pilot demonstration study through studying the party constitution of party compasses, a series of speech, not only to do a qualified party members, to do a good job of science and technology innovation. Next week, I as the city's county-level leading cadres reading class open cooperation and innovation driven study group members went to Mianyang, Meishan national innovation driven development characteristics and the province's Innovation Driven Development Zone work experience, a great harvest, feeling very deep. Mianyang, Meishan city innovation driven strength is very great, especially is Mianyang has become civil military integration, a comprehensive reform and innovation, our benchmarking in Mianyang, the gap is very large. Mianyang Science and technology city construction as the basis, built around the "Five" goal of building Hotbed of innovation of construction science and technology, military and civilian fusion demonstration, collecting and distributing center of scientific and technological achievements, innovative talents convergence and high technology industry concentration), vigorously promote to military and civilian fusion for the characteristics of comprehensive reform pilot innovation, and achieved remarkable results, is toward the national civil military integration innovation demonstration area, the national innovation driven development characteristics demonstration area and western economic development growth emerging great step forward. The expanding Park, stronger innovation platform; incubated enterprises, cultivate innovation; poly talent, to improve the ability of innovation; promoting fusion, highlighting the characteristics of the innovation; catch open, form innovation efforts of the experience is worth learning from. Benchmarking advanced, we have to struggling to The amount of weight is to grasp to catch the strategic innovation. To improve the target oriented system. The innovation actually placed in the core position, firmly establish the "grasping innovation development, seek innovation is to seek the future, innovation is not backward, slow innovation also will lag behind" concept, accelerate factor driven to innovation driven change. City Branch Bureau to actively seek the city management system emphasizing the innovation driven development, focus on strengthening the scientific and technological enterprise incubator construction, scientific and technological innovation platform, technology oriented small and medium-sized enterprises to cultivate, high and new technology industry output value and product evaluation. Second, we must built innovation and Entrepreneurship platform. The city will be in Pakistan and the open area to build the whole To confidence, "double center", the new industrial park for a period, the city public entrepreneurship Park Phase II, Qin Ba electricity supplier industry park for three period, incubation area of more than 50 million square meters. The county (District) to take advantage of idle assets of construction science and technology enterprise incubator, a passenger space and other new public record space, the formation of a, a, a, to create vivid situation. Third, we must foster technological innovation subject. To vigorously implement the "high and new technology enterprise doubling plan" and "science and technology oriented small and medium-sized enterprises to cultivate plan", to honor the implementation of tax incentives, financial subsidies, such as a package of policies to support, so that high technology enterprise "indomitable spirit", let the small and medium-sized enterprise "overwhelming". To increase investment in science and technology innovation. To actively seek special funds for the development of Municipal Science and technology part for cashing innovation drive the development of financial subsidy policy, transfer a portion of funds for science and technology enterprises of loan guarantees and interest subsidies. Encourage banking institutions set up science and technology branch of the franchise, push the patent pledge loan, for the small and medium sized enterprises of science and technology provide financing services tailored. Fifth, we must strengthen science and technology personnel. To attract more technology military personnel and high-end talent with technology, project, with funds to Bazhong Lingban or joint science and technology enterprises, encourage and support both inside and outside the citycomrades and the5 years of college graduates and college students to a new public space, science and technology business incubator innovation and entrepreneurship. Second, it is necessary to promote the precision technology poverty alleviation as the important content of the scientific and technological work. To build a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020 is the party's eighteen to the whole Party and the people throughout the country to make a solemn commitment. Lead the city people out of poverty to become rich go straight towards well-off, Party committees at all levels, political responsibility and mission of the times of the government's major political, technology sector is also the bounden responsibility. Municipal three tenth plenary session made < on the go all out win battle poverty alleviation and development to ensure synchronous completion of a comprehensive well-off society decided >, proposed to further promote the "five a group of" precise action to help the poor, "six precision" and "1 + 6" poverty alleviation projects, clear the "add Great science and technology achievement transformation efforts, accelerate the construction science and technology poverty demonstration village and demonstration households, give full play to the role of modern information network, for the impoverished village poor households to provide production technology, market information, policy advice, encourage scientific and technical personnel to the poor village launched a to one helping and guiding the development of income industrial projects, strengthen technical training and propaganda of popular science, highlighting grasp large breeding, family farmers, agricultural co-operatives are the backbone of the training "technical poverty alleviation mission. The city's science and technology sector must be from the political height, the assault fortified positions that help deficient up as the most important task, the most urgent work. The most arduous mission, to science and technology for precise poverty alleviation promote to speed up a well-off society in an all-round way Decision to deploy, boost the process to precise technology to poverty alleviation and the effectiveness of a well off society in an all round way. One should obey the overall situation. The city's scientific and technological system of cadres and workers, especially leading cadres, should have the political consciousness, ideological conscious action conscious, in accordance with the central, provincial and municipal deployment requirements, to strengthen the organization and leadership, reasonable arrangement of time, carefully study the deployment, to ensure poverty. There must be resolutely implement the political position and character, poverty alleviation and the attitude to be distinctive, poverty alleviation action should be strong, to politics, to understand the overall situation, re implementation, see results. To lock the target. In accordance with the provincial Party committee and the municipal Party committee, municipal government, lock 2 provincial-level General requirements for the completion of the goal of poverty alleviation poverty alleviation poverty alleviation poverty alleviation poverty alleviation poverty alleviation and Technology Demonstration County, four provincial science and technology demonstration towns, 10 provincial science and technology demonstration village and a municipal science and technology demonstration area, 2 Municipal Science and technology demonstration towns, five municipal science and technology demonstration village and the "five one" precise technology to poverty alleviation and special operations tasks, inverted duration, wall chart battle, set the time, tasks, measures, staff, given the responsibility to ensure high quality precision technology poverty alleviation task. To focus on the key. To focus on precise poverty and accurate out of poverty, detailed measures, clear job responsibilities, to develop targeted and operable precise technology to implement poverty alleviation program. Prominent precise poverty technical training, poor village informatization construction, technology oriented poverty reduction model village and demonstration households construction precision technology poverty alleviation focus, in a precise sense, precise attitude, precise style, go all out to fight the precise technology of poverty alleviation and battle. Three, it is necessary to strengthen science and technology funds supervision as an important means to enhance the quality of the project. Science and technology project fund supervision is the key to the implementation of the project of science and technology. In recent years, especially during the "Twelfth Five Year Plan" period, the system of science and technology management in the city vigorously to declare the implementation of the country and province science and technology projects, science and technology demonstration lead brought obvious effect and improve the scientific and technological innovation capability of enterprises, boosting the characteristics and advantages of industrial development, science and technology support to the economic and social leading role improved significantly. In the project management of science and technology, in addition to seriously implement the state, provincial science and technology project management rules and regulations, and the actual Bazhong, established the access system of science and technology projects, the project of science and technology commissioner system, science and technology Project credit system and scientific and technological projects honest commitment system, and the Municipal Finance Bureau jointly issued the > < Bazhong City Science and technology development funds management approach, formulated the "trilogy of seven" science and technology project implementation specification, these are worth fully affirmed. However, we should also see clearly, we in the science and technology project management still exist "account of the special accounts, earmarking system is no effective implementation and other issues. In particular, this year the Audit Commission Chengdu Tepai ban on Bazhong confidence found in the audit of science and technology business incubatorProblem has certain representativeness. The audit to us sounded the alarm, should cause everyone vigilance. Here, I will strengthen science and technology project budget supervision put forward four requirements: a strict project reporting, prevent fraud. Implementation of the project to declare the competition mechanism, the annual financial support to science and technology projects oriented society Bulletin, conditions open content, open competition to declare, open field investigation, public presentations, the public assessment of the decision, do full open and transparent, fair, accept social supervision. To those who resort to deceit or something real is not clear, suspected of defrauding, impersonator national subsidy funds, once found immediately cancel Declaration of qualification, recovery of funds subsidy and discipline in accordance with the law strictly held responsible. Second, we must innovation funds supervision. In county finance to establish science and technology project "account", the project undertaking entity in accordance with the key nodes task completion by formal invoice to apply for funding and audited by the Department of science and technology, the Ministry of finance funds, and resolutely put an end to project funds are retained, misuse and misappropriation. Third, we need to strengthen scientific and technological project supervision. Department in charge of science and technology to strengthen project inspections to check or checks, of ineffective implementation to strengthen the supervision and the existence of violations of responsibility into the project undertaker rectification. To establish a scientific and technological project, "black list" system, the Project implementation quality particularly poor recorded in the "black list", stage or permanent abolition of the applicant country, province, city science and technology project qualification. Fourth, it is necessary to carry out training funds management. Science City Bureau to the initiative to meet with the finance department, organize project unit commitment held science and technology project funds management training, of country, provincial and municipal science and technology project funds management of the relevant policies, financial acceptance specification, mid supervision points, budget review points and key contents were training system, to ensure the use of project funds safe and reasonable. Thank you all! To implement the central, provincial, city and county to make important decision about the grass-roots party construction work in the deployment, push forward the county public security organs in the work of Party building, further strengthen the party secretary of the governing party and party liability, according to < of the Organization Department of CPC Committee of Xuchang County on the issuance of the "counties as well as the authority of Party building debriefing appraisal implementation solutions" notice > requirements, according to the arrangement of the Bureau of the party work. Today, the organization held the county public security organs party secretary grasping grass-roots party construction work in the debriefing will. The implementation of this is a powerful measure to the Secretary of the party organization construction of the party,, and is learning to carry out the party's spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the, grasp the new situation of Party building work under the rules, pushing Public security party building services in the public security center of the inevitable requirement. Just now, the 3 Juzhu unit Party branch secretary of debriefing, below I on the 3 party organization work one by one review. Party branch of the Political Department Good: first, strengthen ideological and political work, pay close attention to the work of the implementation. The Political Department of the Party branch strictly in accordance with the requirements of bureau Party committee, to "strict three real special education as the main line, take effective measures, pay close attention to the ideological and political work of the implementation, strengthen the education of Party members and the police thought, improve the Police Ideological and political consciousness, make a solid foundation for public security work smooth development of health. Second, strict management team, boost the morale of the team. Strict implementation of Police Ideological Trend of periodic analysis, timely grasp the ideological situation of the personnel; strictly implement the system of check on work attendance, strengthen the daily management; cash rewards and punishments, continue to boost the morale of the team. The third is The intensification of police training, improve the police actual combat skill. Seriously and actively carry out a series of training activities and < Henan public security network, > learning activities, the majority of police in the political quality, physical quality, professional quality, policing skills improved. The fourth is to adhere to the preferential treatment from the police, the warm pool police. According to thRequirements, and actively do a good job of personnel management work, to run within the scope of the policy, help the police solve the practical difficulties, the police systemic heart into work. The fifth is strengthening propaganda, promote righteousness. Around the center of the public security work, actively do a good job in the publicity, fully display the spirit of good public security team. Six is to fulfill the responsibility of Party building, do a good job of education and management of Party member team. Sound and perfect "three class", Party of democratic appraisal, commendation and reward system, effectively enhance the branch of the creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity. Shortcomings: is ideological and political work still can not adapt to the new situation, new task, in the form of a single, innovation is not enough, lack of learning education of the appeal and study the effect of education needs to be improved, the political department to strengthen the guidance to the grass-roots units. The second is the branch of organizational life will implement the is not good enough to play an exemplary role. Traffic Police Brigade Party branch System of good practice: one is grasping the implementation of the work of Party building system, enhanced branch team cohesion, combat force. The brigade Party branch always pay close attention to the work of Party building and would not let go, conscientiously perform their duties, strict implementation of democratic life etc., to develop the branch of learning plan, all equipped with learning record the experience and experience the and organize regular inspection learning, ensures that the learning plan, implement, effect. Second is to carry out the "strict three real special education. The development of special education learning scheme, held a party branch focus on learning and the level of consultation forum, deputy director in charge of, brigade leader for the party members and the police on the lectures, deployed to carry out Ban Zicheng throughout the Yan Zhenchang Yang Shuicai to relive the oath to join the party, visit the memorial hall, learning advanced characters, micro lectures attention and learning characteristics of the activities, and to develop measures for rectification. Three is to pay attention to the party building work into the public security work. The brigade Party branch and always will be the work of Party building in 9.3 security, national civilized city re examination, the SCO security meeting, the focus of illegal investigation, "sword", "anti terrorist violence, to ensure safety", "five wave", "camp turn non bus", "detoxification", the focus of the work, in a timely manner to carry out the pre war mobilization, wartime dynamically judged, the post-war award in recognition of a series of measures Members always fighting in the first line of traffic management, all traffic police has always maintained a high state of mind, a strong impetus to the work carried out. Shortcomings: first, there is a "hand hard and soft" phenomenon. Of work of Party building under the new situation is not enough emphasis, focus on light business building, re form light effects. The second is measures are not enough effective. In particular, catch a party to build working innovation consciousness is not strong, measures and methods used in the experience of the old, old practices and effectiveness needs to be further strengthened. The third is three lesson "not very good insist, life of the party organization to carry out less often. Zhao police station Party branch Good practice: one is to strengthen the study and education. To "strict three real special education as an opportunity to take leadership lectures, seminars, individual learning, exchange of experience in various forms, the police organization learning leaders at all levels of the spirit of the important speech, < > in the constitution as well as the side of corruption cases and asked party members and the police carefully recorded study notes, writing experiences, join and pay attention to the micro lectures, according to the control requirements of inspection, enhance their own, to ensure that the learning effect. The second is to strengthen the leadership responsibility. Party branch secretary as the first responsibility of honest government, earnestly implement the" four person ", and insisted on the" important work personally Department Department, major issues personally intervene, personally key aspects of coordination, supervision of important cases personally ", Party branch members always strict demands on themselves, play an exemplary role model. Third, strengthen the service for the people. Every act of the masses for the warm reception, carefully recorded masses anti reflect each a problem, and make the resistancee bureau Party committeeHeart to answer, and constantly improve the quality of service. Combined with the "one village, one police work, police organization carefully touch row all may affect the stability of the unstable factors, resolve conflicts and disputes, and arrange for the police with daily visits, issued security leaflets, collecting sites, personnel information, promote the harmony police. Existing problems: a party branch team party affairs knowledge is not rich enough, on some of the procedural provisions are not familiar with, in a certain extent restricted the work carried out. The second is regular ideological education is not deep enough, the ideological trends of the police command is not timely and accurate. Third, there is a need to improve the management level of refinement, police standardization awareness is not strong enough, daily habit is not quite self-conscious. Since this year, bureau unit Party branch to "strict three real special education as the main line, to the service center, troop construction as the focus, adhere to the combination of ideological building of the party and the system of the party, solid to carry out the comprehensive strictly required, to further standardize the construction of the party organization, continuously improving the quality of Party members and police, continue to strengthen the party building innovation, service building execution significantly improved, has made remarkable achievements. Meeting debriefing of 3 units in the work of Party building problems in other units are also different degrees of existence to other units by the party building debriefing, draw on the experience of face the problem, replicability, careful analysis of rectification, promote the sustained and healthy development of the work of Party building units. Below, to further strengthen the county public security organs party building work stressed the views of five points. One, improve the ideological understanding, enhance the sense of political responsibility and historical mission Follow the basic construction of the party's eighteen years, Xi Jinping, general secretary: the series of important speech to the party put forward many new ideas, new judgment, the new requirements is to promote grass-roots party building work. We should thoroughly study and understand, and consciously assume responsibility. One is to grasp the party building "three questions" of the new requirements. Xi, general secretary of the party's mass line education practice summary of the General Assembly on the proposed the construction of "three questions, namely:" is not the party committees at all levels and the departments of Party committees (party) to achieve the sedulous catch a party to build is not at all levels of Party committee secretary, the Department of the party committees (party) secretary become strictly administering the party secretary? Is not at all levels and all departments of the party Forced the construction of Party committees (party) members to fulfill the responsibilities strictly responsibility? "General Secretary of the party building" three questions ", directed at the crucial point, enlightening, three mirror placed in front of everyone, let you according to a photo, see a look, want to think about the conscious of it, is the three pieces of papers placed in front of us, it is clear to judge ourselves whether in to do their duty. Building" three questions ", urge people to watch, thought-provoking, and convey a strong responsibility to ask signal. The second is to understand the building" three no "new judgment. Xi, general secretary of the party's mass line education practice summary congress pointed out that" history and reality Are accounted for in the police forces of discipline, do not do, is to stop the event tells us, not a clear responsibility to implement the responsibility, accountability, and strictly administering the party is not to ". General Secretary of the" three no ", a clear responsibility to implement the responsibility, accountability, and point out the key. The county public security organs is a team of the Communist Party as the main body, Party members and the vast majority of bureau of belonging to different units of the leadership cadres and backbone of the party members, the power and responsibility are relatively concentrated in the party's construction, must be clear responsibilities, the implementation of responsibility, accountability, or catch a party to build is an empty word. Three is to clear the" three grasping "new initiatives. The total learning book Remember that catch a party to build must grasp the responsibility system, grasping accountability must grab the responsibility person, grasping the responsibility must catch the first responsible person. Why should we let the Bureau unit Party branch secretary of the debriefing is to implement general secretary put forward "3 catch". To seize the party organization's primary responsibility, seize the key issue. Two, the full implementation of the task of ideological construction, the theory of armed tasks implementedGeneral Secretary Xi Jinping in the mass line of educational practice summary congress put forward in the new period party building thought of tasks and requirements, to strengthen the construction of the Party pointed out the direction and path. One is to strengthen theoretical study. The urgent task is to fully understand the study and implement the spirit of the fifth plenary session of the eighth session of the significance of, the organization of Party members and the police through the focus on learning, self-study and special counseling and other forms of serious in-depth learning, adhere to the first step in learning, deep layer, accurately grasp the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, and do the thinking and learning gains, use it. The second is to strengthen the party spirit temperance. Adhere to the school party constitution. Through the center of the group learning. Secretary of the party organization about lectures and other forms of learning the party constitution, enlightenment spirit, guide Bureau unit Party branch and all members of the police to firmly establish the consciousness of the party. Persist in learning advanced. Vigorously carry forward the spirit of Jiao Yulu, Yang Shuicai spirit, seriously study the advanced deeds of Comrade Yan Zhenchang, deep fine shine Dusing the police party guided, to strengthen public opinion and public servant consciousness, consciously practice the "strict three real. The third is to strengthen the party and Party discipline education. For the ideological construction of the party faces new tasks, new requirements, the emergence of many new problems, new situations, and actively take the initiative to adapt to the constantly emancipate the mind, innovative ways, making use of the Internet, micro channel, micro Bo new platform for new, enrich the content of education, improve education forms, the constant reminder education, enhance the police Party discipline in awe, guide Party members and the police do political understanding discipline about the rules of the leaders. The fourth is to strengthen the ideological and moral education. Guide the party police exemplary practice the socialist core values, cultivate good political and moral character, professional ethics, family virtue and morality, forming a strong atmosphere of moral construction. Pay attention to strengthen the positive guidance to the police party ideology, adhere to the diversification of the social ideology guided by the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving and perfecting the Party members and the police thought The dynamic analysis of mechanism, providing an ideological guarantee for the purity and firmness of team members. Three, fully implement the strict requirements, the management and administration of the party's responsibility to implement General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that to implement strictly the responsibility, do a good job of Party building as the biggest achievement. Therefore, in my bureau implement comprehensive strictly required must be the party tube responsible party implemented. First, to further implement the responsibility system in Party building. To establish and improve the party building responsibility assessment mechanism, at the beginning of the year to progressively signing party builds working target responsibility book. Party organizations at all levels is mainly responsible for comrades to do a good job of Party building as the greatest achievements, adhere to the development wholeheartedly for, to concentrate its attention on the construction of the party, the party building work is included in the agenda, and business to work with the deployment, with checks, with the implementation of, true to form Party grasping, Secretary to take the lead in efforts, in charge of the leadership Specific catch, catch a, layers of implementation pattern of Party building work. Is to improve the reporting and appraising system. In accordance with the "debriefing the party building, the appraisal rating of Party building, Party building assessment test, use of cadres at request of the party", CF county Party debriefing practice, and constantly improve the annual party built debriefing appraisal system, in particular, to the year debriefing appraisal evaluation and annual comprehensive examination closely together, the party builds the job evaluation results into the leading bodies and leading cadres of the annual comprehensive assessment system, strengthen the use of dynamic management and results of debriefing appraisal work, further enhance the debriefing appraisal of scientific, effective and directive The new integration business. Three is to improve the "three class" system. "Three class" system is to improve the party's organizational life, strict party member education management system, we must do a good job in the implementation and long-term persistence. According to "the party secretary of the organization lectures", "party members and cadres micro lectures and Thematic Party Day activities, innovation" three class "form, rich" three class "content, pay attention to the work of Party building with the public security work, the formation of" the same resonance frequency, the linkage of communion "party organization life situation. At the same time, the" three class "system implementation of join or be admitted to the party organization committee debriefing appraisal of important content, strict grasp the" three class "system Real. Four, strict political discipline and political rules. Guide all Party members and the police in ideological political action always as the general secretary of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping highly consistent, involved in major political principle, political stand, political views and other issues, we must be sober, stand firm. Guide the members of the civilian police to strengthen the sense of organization, determined to do the individual is subordinate to the organization, the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, and the whole party to the Central Committee. Some time ago, I held a party enlarged meeting, focus on adherence to the party's political discipline and political rules of thematic theory study, I at the meeting for the feelings to speak. I understand, party a concept of organization, can not see Party, touch not. According to the materialistic point of view, the material determines consciousness, existence determines consciousness, consciousness is the objective things in the brain to reflect, then, how to prove that the party's existence? Like the current, can not, can not be touched, but through the wire carrier, connect power supply, the electric light, the motor is running, it is proved that the current existence. Similarly, the party is by living every Party member, every Party member, speech and action of the carrier, reflecting party. Party is a whole, in order to normal operation, each party members according to their personality characteristics. Academic knowledge, professional knowledge, hobbies, physical condition, age, work experience, work experience and other comprehensive evaluation, main task of the division of labor and in jointly do a good job in party work, is mainly responsible for the Division I business, then in my division of work, in the Party committee collective discussion by, decision, foreign, on every level of members can to bureau of the party in the name and identity delivered a speech, the organization of work. In specific work, in the higher Party committees have clear provisions of the spirit, in accordance with the spirit of the documents of ranking Party committee, combined with my work of the division of labor, on behalf of the bureau Party committee put forward their views and suggestions. Since Party members according to the higher Party committees to the spirit of the document can be Bureau on behalf of the party organization of work, then the behavior has party authority and seriousness, we should respect them and be with, give support, cannot according to personal preferences, personal understanding and awareness, regardless of the occasion, in broad daylight, in meetings, especially in the lower front of, guilty of liberalism, published the higher Party committees have been expressly prohibited speech, also cannot euphemistically called the personal point of view; regardless of party image and personal image, irresponsible, gossip, just open the river, grumble, grumble about; even, sarcastic ridicule, sarcasm, oblique accusations, make people Hold the most stringent start speech, personal attacks, vent personal grudge; more even, with ulterior motives, ulterior motives; fan Yin breeze, will-o '- the wisp, deliberately and party dissension and discord, rumors spread, the spread of division, and the party and the people, the hearts of the people, the decline of morale. This kind of behavior is the party's discipline are not allowed, from my start, from the members of the Party committee member, once, who despite the party discipline, drunk, behind, the key moment, in violation of the party's political discipline, political rules and wait for the party discipline. We must strictly comply with the implementation of the central and superior party committee has clearly defined, does not allow bargaining, unconditional obedience, unconditional , does not allow a discount, or disguised discount. In addition. We want to strictly enforce the system of democratic life of the party, Party of democratic life, it is necessary to carry out criticism and self-criticism, is between the members of the Party committee of the mutual criticism, remind each other, will not do not speak, gossiping afterwards. Guide Party members and the police strictly request reporting system, regularly party members to execute the political discipline of political rules situation analysis judged and thematic summary, constantly enhance political of the political life of the party, the principle and militancy. Five, comprehensively improve the scientific level of Party building, the task of the party building To enhance the scientific level of the construction of the party is our party according to the worldly affairs, national and the new changes and new challenges of the party put forward the major issue is effective to deal with the four test ", resolve the pressing requirement of" four big risk "is the only way to maintain and develop the party's advanced natuStep is to strengthen the party's cohesion, attraction and the fighting power of the inevitable choice. Under the new situation, it is necessary to apply the law of the ruling party construction of Marxism, according to the basic requirements of maintaining the party's advanced nature, continue to study new situations, solve new problems, sum up new experience, make the party building in scientific orbit continues to advance. One to focus, efforts to lay a solid foundation. Continue to carry out the "two hit" activities, accurately grasp strictly required new rules and characteristics of the work of Party building under, deepening grass-roots increase of basic party organization and Party member quality upgrade plan. Continue to carry out the window units vanguard party post, window model building activities, and continuously Enhance the party members and the police involved in activities to create enthusiasm. Increase of Party organizations and Party members advanced typical advocacy training efforts to become a "sign", "evergreen tree". To broaden the party serving the masses channels, construction of Party members contacting and serving the masses work system, make the Party member to become truly keep in mind the purpose, advanced elements of the heart of the masses. Establish and improve incentives within the party, care, helping mechanism, we do care and love grassroots cadres, old party members, difficult life member. In order to promote the party construction services, continue to carry out "party members and counterpart assistance" live and on-the-job Party member volunteer service activities. Second, we must strengthen management, efforts to enhance the party members Quality, and conscientiously implement < the Communist Party of China the development of Party Work Rules >, adhere to strict standards, rigorous training, strict procedures, strict regulation and control, and continuously improve the quality of Party members, optimize the structure of Party member team. Strengthening of different kinds of police, the classified management of Party members in different positions, through the implementation of target management of Party members, record management, star rating etc. ways to strengthen the education of Party members, management and service work. Adhere to the mass appraisal, solid and effective to carry out members of the public commitment, no post party post duty activities, give full play to the role of Party members. Actively introduce the Internet +, by means of information to strengthen the education and management of the party members and make full use of "Xuchang male Ann party building network "," peace of Xuchang, Communist Party members, Liancheng micro lectures and other network platform to strengthen the education and training of Party members. Three to strict requirements, efforts to improve the party's style of work. To build a first-class units, to create a first-class team, cultivate first-class style, create first-class performance as the goal, combined with learning from the advanced models, and effectively solve the police party in the party spirit, moral character, style and ability existing prominent problems; adhere to the lead austerity, oppose extravagance and waste, and oppose formalism, bureaucratism and seriously practice the "strict three real, establish a good style of work; earnestly implement the" eight insist, eight against ", advocate diligence Excited to learn and apply what they have learned, the heart of the masses, serve the people, grab get right on the job really, and to ensure the effectiveness of, hard work, thrift, the overall situation, curried, develop democracy, solidarity work, impartially and with the right of honesty in politics, life is decent, healthy interest in eight aspects of good atmosphere, promote the county public security organs party political construction has made new achievements. Fourth, it is necessary to produce battle fort effect. Party organizations at all levels to grasp the practical to the center of the public security work service key links, adhere to the completion of difficult and perilous task as the main battlefield of the work of Party building, the more encountered serious incidents, major rescue mission, a major security tasks, the more you want to play the party organization The role of core, and earnestly do a good job before the war mobilization, wartime motivation, war veteran and so, truly party members and cadres to fight to where, the life of the party organization will extend to where, the role of fighting bastion of the party organizations play where, reflecting the party building work to promote and protect the power. Comrades, in the circumstances to promote comprehensive strictly new situation, the Party Central Committee and the Party committee of a higher level of the construction of the party proposed the new, higher requirements, the work of Party building task is arduous, the glorious mission, rare opportunity. Let us to the debriefing meeting as a starting point, in the Bureau of the party's correct leadership, conscientiously study and implement the series of important speech of General Secretary Xi Jinping, spirit and the party's spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth, thoroughly implement the comprehensive strictly required, continue to carry forward the party's fine tradition, hearten spirit, do solid work, the enterprising spirit, selfless dedication, to continue to create the county public security organs of Party building work in the new situation, to maintain social stability to ensure Successful completion of the task,re, also is aPromote public security undertakings flourish, for the construction of a beautiful and happy Xuchang county to make new and greater contributions! Carry out the party building debriefing appraisal work, implement the central and provincial Party committee, the municipal Party committee and comprehensively promote the strictly deployment requirements, implement strictly the responsibility, tamp the foundation of Party Construction of major initiatives. Public security organs as the party's absolute under the leadership of the democratic dictatorship force, as the party and the people in the hands of the "hilt" must to strengthen the work of Party building and walk in the forefront, and make an example. From just four of the Secretary of the party organization debriefing situation, the party organization of debriefing of Party building and ideological work attaches great importance to prepare more fully, in the debriefing process, say achievements do not exaggerate, speak the problem does not cover, emphasize not vanity about rectification, truly realistic. Offer as Political Bureau Director comments, targeted strong, closely with the practical assessment highlights outstanding characteristics, ask clear, point out of the results, points out the problems and points out the pressure. This is not only a debriefing meeting and Party building the responsibility to implement, today the debriefing, to do a good job of new period party building work will play a very good role in promoting. Next, according to the city bureau Party Committee on Party building work on the arrangements, Bai chief commissioned by combining city Bureau of Party building work of new requirements, borrow this opportunity to revisit four points. To improve the ideological understanding, enhance the sense of responsibility and historic mission, the party's eighteen years, Xi Jinping, general secretary Follow the construction of a series of important speech to the party put forward many new ideas, new conclusions and new requirements, the grass-roots party building work. We should thoroughly study and understand, and consciously assume responsibility. One is to grasp the party building "three questions" of the new requirements. Xi, general secretary of the last 10 August, the party's mass line education practice summary of the General Assembly on the proposed the construction of "three questions". That is: "is not the party committees at all levels and the departments of Party committees (party) to achieve the sedulous catch a party to build is not at all levels of Party committee secretary, the departments of Party committees (party) secretary become strictly administering the party secretary? Is not at all levels and all departments of Party committees (party) Forced members to fulfill the responsibilities strictly responsibility? "General Secretary of the party building" three questions ", directed at the crucial point, enlightening, three mirror placed in front of everyone, let you according to a photo, see a look, want to think the self-knowledge; is the three pieces of papers placed in front of us, it is clear to judge ourselves whether the party's construction to do their duty. Building" three questions ", urge people to watch, thought-provoking, and convey a strong responsibility to ask signal. The second is to understand the building" three no "new judgment. Xi, general secretary of the party's mass line education practice summary congress pointed out that" history and reality, especially the Are substantially more than 80% of the discipline to move tells us, clear responsibility, fulfil responsibility, accountability, and strictly administering the party is not to ". General Secretary of the" three no ", clear responsibility, fulfil responsibility, accountability, and point out the key. The city public security organs is a member of Communist Party as the main body of troops and members accounted for total number of civilian police, the Bureau of belonging to various departments of leading cadres and backbone of the party members, the power and responsibility are relatively concentrated in the party's construction, must be clear responsibilities, the implementation of responsibility, accountability, or catch of Party construction is empty. Three is to clear the" three grasping "new initiatives. Xi, general secretary of the strong , catch a party to build must grasp the responsibility system, grasping accountability must catch responsibility, grasping the responsibility must catch the first responsible person. Why should we let Jushu unit party secretary to the party organization at the next higher level debriefing is to implement general secretary put forward "3 catch". To seize the party organization is mainly responsible person, seize the key problem. Second, it is necessary to improve the work of Party building system, the system construction is to strengthen the party building work of public security is an important guarantee. To through the scientific development of the system, improve the system, execution system and make the system become a hard bound, continue to promote the public security work of Party building standardization. One is to further implement the responsibility of Party BuilSystem. It is necessary to establish and improve Party building responsibility assessment mechanism, at the beginning of the year to progressively signing party builds working target responsibility book. Party organizations at all levels is mainly responsible for comrades to do a good job of Party building as the greatest achievements, adhere to the development wholeheartedly for, to concentrate its attention on the construction of the party, the party building work is included in the important process, and business to work with the deployment, with checks, with the implementation of, true to form Party grasping, Secretary to take the lead in efforts, leaders in charge of specific grab, grab a level, layers of implementation pattern of Party building work. The second is improve the debriefing appraisal system. In accordance with the "debriefing the party building, the appraisal rating of Party building, Party building assessment test, the use of cadres at request of the party", the Secretary of the party debriefing contrast do Law, and constantly improve the annual party debriefing appraisal system, especially to the annual debriefing appraisal evaluation and annual comprehensive examination closely together, the party builds the job evaluation results into the leading bodies and leading cadres of the annual comprehensive assessment system, strengthen the use of dynamic management and results of debriefing appraisal work, further enhance the debriefing appraisal of scientific, effective and oriented. Third, improve the "three will be a lesson system." three class system is to improve the life of the party organization, strict management of Party member education system must do a good job in the implementation, insist for a long time. According to the "Secretary of the party organization lectures", "Party cadres Implementation of integrating micro lectures and theme day activities, innovation "three class" form, rich "three class" content, pay attention to the work of Party building with the public security work, the formation of "the same resonance frequency, the linkage of communion" party organization life new situation. At the same time, the "three class" of the implementation of join or be admitted to the party secretary of the organization debriefing appraisal of the important content, strict grasp the "three class" system. To strengthen the education of Party members, improve Party member of party spirit idea and political consciousness. Xi General Secretary profoundly pointed out: "firm ideal and faith are the legal team of political soul must be the ideal and belief education in political and legal team construction of the first , constantly playing firmly hold high the banner, command of the party, loyalty to the mission of the ideological foundation. "The city's public security organs is a with Communist Party members for the disciplined subject, Party members accounted for more than 80% of the total number of civilian police, bureau of belonging to different departments of leading cadres and backbone basically is a party member, do a good job in the construction of Party member team, will seize the fundamental construction of public security team. We must seize the political construction of the police as the core, adhere to the party for public security work absolute leadership this fundamental principle, put the ideal and belief of party spirit education in a more prominent position, to ensure that the Party member troop absolute loyalty, absolutely pure, absolutely reliable. To adhere to the theory of armed, serious organization And adherence to the in-depth study of the majority of Party members and the party's basic theory, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the series of important speech spirit, education of Party members and the party's political discipline and political rules, and consciously in accordance with the party constitution and party political life standards to regulate their own words and deeds, so that discipline, rules, listen to say hello, do in the party party, the party worry about the party, the party for the party, the party retaining the party, and always in the ideological and political action and to Xi Jinping as general secretary of the Central Committee of the party remain highly consistent, consciously do the party's loyal guards of the masses of the people caring people. To build a strong base layer organization, strengthen grass-roots party organization's cohesive force and fighting force. To strengthen the basic level party organization construction Is the key to the target is doing a good job of Party building work of the important basis and guarantee. To optimize the organizational settings. In accordance with the ease of Party members to participate in activities for Party organizations play a role in principle, reasonable norms of the party organization, Party organizations at the grassroots level full coverage, to ensure that each party members into the party organization in Party activities, organization and management, the organization of care, to accept the supervision of the organization, and actively play a role. Second, we must pay close attention to the team construction. Catch team, with the team party building is an important content and basic level party organization team with members shall complete, clear division of labor, responsibility implementation, implementation of post management. With a good team with a strong Party Secretary , to effectively strengthen the Secretary of the party organization is the Party of person of the first responsibility, sense of responsibility, the responsibility system to prevent "party construction task of Party building, Party building work and business two skins" phenomenon. Third, we need to play good battle fort action. Party organizations at all levels to effectively seize as a key link in the center of the public security work service, adhere to thedingTo the completion of difficult and perilous task as the main battlefield of the work of Party building and the encounter major emergencies and major rescue mission, a major security tasks, the more you want to play the core role of Party organizations, and earnestly do a good job in the pre war mobilization, wartime motivation, postwar entitled work truly where the battle of Party members and cadres, the party's organizational life extended to where, the role of fighting bastion of the party organizations play where, reflecting the party building work to promote and protect the power. Comrades, in the circumstances to promote comprehensive strictly new situation, do a good job of public security Party Building work as the task is arduous and glorious mission, hope everyone to firmly establish "a game of chess," thought, put down Real strictly required as the new normal organ of the party's construction, further emancipate the mind, ningxinjuli, do solid work, to maintain social stability, promote social fairness and justice, protect the people live and work, to make new and greater contributions. The accident scene of the accident treatment of XX XX, April 7 to April 11, according to traffic police detachment and the traffic police brigade of the arrangement, I had the honor to participate in the Ministry of Public Security Research Institute held high-end training class, by 5 days of training and learning, I have a deep feeling, learning a lot of new knowledge and to deal with the accident of skills, to learn and work are of great help, we will experience is summed up as follows: first, study the new knowledge, to expand the field of vision. In the research the teacher to explain, we review the < road traffic accident scene drawing >, and emphatically studied at the scene of the real record drawing standards, the graph can reflect the state and each element Full coverage regardless of size, position, give a person to live a more intuitive understanding of the next step accident treatment has a great help. At the same time, I have seen some new accident investigation equipment, such as a new generation of traffic accident scene drawing system, through training, the police can very fast rendering standard site map, data measurement, and in accordance with the Ministry of public security of the standard, and the UAV, the application of UAV camera or camera, from the fundamental solution overview accident photos. Second, on the scene photography basic requirements and accident photographic difference. The scene photography scene is the most objective real reaction. But photographs of the scene taken to ensure objective, comprehensive, timely and clear requirements, this scene photos to assurance its legal effect; the scene photography has also undergone a change by the original photography of orientation and overview of photography, Photo Center, breakdown of the photo, change for range photography, photographic overview, local camera, film element, photography of minutia, than photography, so to photographic content more refined, more specific, the as evidence of a more targeted, more accurate., on site survey extracted traces and field exploration process traces are extracted by the problems and errors. Trace on the scene of the discovery and extraction as a matter of So the scene investigation is an important part of the process, on the analysis of the cause of the accident and the accident are very important role, through the teacher's explanation and analysis them as an expert, from the perspective of identification of traces of the scene points extraction and pointed out the direction for under our own exploration site to extract traces, at the same time, through the teacher's explanation, accidents will produce certain traces, which requires us in the scene of the accident investigation of careful, and not missing any useful to our trace on the scene. On advanced equipment of traffic accident identification, genetic analysis of the role of. I feel the deepest is now home Car safety air bag with something called the airbag module. This is known as "black box" car equipment, has a record of when the speed, whether to take braking, take a few braking and other data, recording, has a very large role for analyzing the cause of the incident, next serious accidents must pay attention to extract such equipment; and escape accidents are common in the general video surveillance on the blurred image, wLicense plate number; shellac, fiber identification, etc. with advanced equipment can make the identification, with the advanced equipment, technical backing, feeling the impartial handling of the each accident and escape detection accident confidence. On the scene of the accident protection. The teacher from three aspects to explain the road traffic accident and law enforcement duty site safety protection: 1, from the level of laws and regulations, Ministry of public security, proceeding from the actual conditions promulgated on the rules and regulations to strictly enforced, which requires each of us a police starting from their own point of view, for their own safety, must not omit any link, don't be afraid of trouble, this is Lists are not qualified for you alone are responsible for the unit is responsible for the family is responsible for; 2. Strengthen on-site protection facilities of the configuration and use, the first to buy and configuration of safety protection equipment, if equipment, but also about what door? Then is another question, equipment, how to use, the teacher of Tianjin accident lesson, because a lot of equipment, is not put into use, resulting in our police due to the lack of timely reminder of the accident, causing us to a number of police casualties; 3, the device is put into use, but also strengthen individual protection skills and teamwork training. In a word, We want to use qualified equipment and abide by laws and regulations, strengthen training of personal skills and teamwork and ensure its own security in the field staff. Through the study of five days of training, an increase of knowledge, learning the something new, strengthen the unit and brother of business flow, also found their own shortcomings, the next step I want to share of Wuxi advanced concepts and colleagues, common learning and common progress, makes the traffic police brigade accident treatment work more on the floor! In recent years, XX city always adhere to a hand grasping the building, a hand grasp the management, and actively explore new mode of Biogas Service, strive to innovate new mechanism for ecological compensation, pay attention to enhance the image of the new energy team, cohesion to create a new bright spot of circular agriculture, biogas in scientific management, comprehensive utilization and achieved certain results. First, the cultivation of new business entities, to explore new mode of follow-up services XX city has been built biogas 11 million households, biogas digesters is "treasure pool, biogas replaced the coal and firewood, become a clean, economic life energy, biogas pool instead of the old cesspool, become to improve the sanitary conditions of important possessions. With the maintenance quantity is increasing year by year, firedamp follow-up service into the long-standing problem. To do a good job of Biogas Service, polish up the brand of "XX model and we guide biogas mechanic established biogas cooperation, energy service companies, such as the model of market main body. Through market service, breakthrough in the past by the government construction, maintenance, a pack in the end of the narrow concept, establish the" who benefits, who management "the correct concept. The main body of the new take innovative service mode, expand service content and other measures, developing biogas service, centralized gas supply pipeline construction and gas charging operation and other aspects of comprehensive management. It not only solves the problem of farm household biogas, and change the follow-up services, but also increases the income of service team. The cultivation of new subjects, to consolidate and improve the service system, the effective establishment of a long-term mechanism of biogas services, to achieve the standardization of the follow-up services, intensive and professional. Two, the introduction of international carbon trading, innovative new mechanism for ecological compensation XX City Xiang Bai Guo centripetal rich is an ordinary farmers biogas, biogas his home with very good results, he is carbon fund project of farmers, this year, the winner of the Netherlands government to pay him thehich can identifyInspired by the introduction of $23, he used this carbon trading income to buy a new gas stove. This is XX household biogas clean development mechanism project is the United Nations first successfully registered household biogas carbon fund project. The project of 4330 household biogas pool, each year to reduce carbon emissions in 7298 tons, carbon emissions trading income of 10 million US dollars, equivalent to RMB 65 million yuan, carbon trading income subsidies to build pool farmer for biogas digesters follow-up maintenance provides ongoing capital investment in carbon fund project, XX City, the implementation of the "gas rewards" project, "whether the normal ignition, gas pressure size, pig herds head number Indicators will biogas digester using effect is good, medium and poor to refine the management and posting the use of farm household biogas, biogas use good farmers reward. Ecological compensation project implementation, increase the income of farmers, mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers, increase rate of the use of biogas, at this stage for the implementation of the voluntary emission reduction projects to provide a reference. Three, establish an advanced service model, highlighting the new image of the energy team Repeatedly since the technology of biogas digesters "third built seven in charge, not good will be" a year, two years, three years four years keep frogs. To catch the follow-up service, to catch the team XX City in strengthening the team building process, the emergence of a number of service models and technical experts. Dragon and Phoenix Town Agricultural Service Center of Yuan Liang, is a typical representative. He from 2005 years engaged in gas, ten years as one day, always keep the people of noble sentiment, conscientiously perform their duties conscientiously serve the masses. His advanced deeds of people's daily, the farmer daily, Hubei Daily and other media reported that 2015 was named the provincial labor Model, by the Deputy Secretary of the provincial Party committee Zhang Changer as the new era of Shi Chuanxiang, Yuan Liang with his dedication to the cause of the gas, won the majority of people good reputation. Vigorously promote the typical deeds, strengthen the play. Incentive motivation, the city "for everyone to learn advanced, all vying for the advanced, everyone catch up with and surpass the advanced" has become so rampant, the team has the typical, post a pacesetter, set up the city's rural energy team for the good image of the civil service. Four, to promote the development of circular agriculture, build a comprehensive utilization of a new bright spot Table, an important role in the profound understanding of the ecological "XX" from the ecological agriculture, XX city to biogas development of ecological agriculture, always adhere to the construction of biogas energy line overall circulation agriculture demonstration, in accordance with the "gas into people's homes, free installation, according to the charges, comprehensive utilization" principle, vigorously carry out the centralized gas supply, recycling for the purpose of biogas engineering construction. One is to carry out multi demonstration. The dragon and Phoenix Town, Tun Xiang Bai Guo Xiang, the construction of the biogas engineering as a link to the "pig - biogas - vegetable", "pig - biogas - tea", "pig - biogas - fruit" cycle of agricultural demonstration base, through a variety of experiments and demonstrations, summarize test result And promotion of demonstration experience. The second is to enhance the quality. The city in biogas production and utilization, research and development of "high yield biogas fermentation device and selenium enriched biogas fertilizer production method" is State Intellectual Property Office of the grant of the patent right, to enhance the level of technology of the city of Biogas fertilizer use. The third is to expand the use of the area. According to local conditions, due to implement the strategy, the follow-up services of biogas and biogas comprehensive utilization of organic combination, to solve the "planting no biogas pool", "biogas pool or not in the labor force", practical problems such as "labor without cultivation", let biogas fertilizer was in circulation and utilization. The next step, XX city will in accordance with the provincial, state energy deployment, and further increase the efforts to the construction of biogas project, to accelerate rural biogas to the scale of development, comprehensive utilization and scientific management in the direction of transformation and upgrading, promote the sustainable development of biogas in rural areas. In recent years, under the support and guidance of the provincial rural energy office, the county completed a total of household biogas pool nearly 7 million households, large-scale biogas project 4, small and medium-sized biogas project in 141, rural service outlets 211, subsidies for solar water heater 2340, biomass stove 2300 units, for the development of green agriculture, improve the people's quality of life play great role. In particular, we succeed in biogas purification, high value utilization based on, to further expand the scale, to open up the market, standardized management, to promote the transformation and upgrading of rural biogas project made some active exploration. Our approach to report as follows: One, scale development, play the economic and social benefits of high quality of methane utilization Biogas high-quality exploit inspired new rural of our country's energy market, for installation of gas pipeline engineering of new rural residential demand. Since last year the province's rural biogas high quality using after the spot, we based on the basis, to expand the scale, an ample supply of gas source, to ensure that farmers with adequate quality of bio gas. One is to expand the size of the original base. Last year held a spot of Qianfeng county and in the province of rural energy office, county government support, in the original 30 acres of the project on the basis of, to ratify the new 10 acres of land, according to large scale biogas centralized gas supply engineering construction requirements, invest 100 million yuan to build a 3000m3 volume of anaerobic fermentation tank, the implementation of technical innovation, using carbon steel output pipeline, building to gas 10000m3 above the new holder, and complete the related projects, assurance that have been developed to farmers with the supply of gas, 2016 Spring Festival peak gas during. There have been no interruption in supply, the user of ten Satisfaction. Second is to actively open up new bases. This year, we through the comprehensive deployment of the county government, related to the integration of sector funds, in Pu Zhen Zhang Zhuang Songlin farm, the port town of gold farming cooperatives, plans to build two 2000m3 volume fermentor, copy forward mode, solve environmental pollution, fruit trees fertilizer, life problems with gas. We will also under the support of relevant departments, the forward mode is launched county public security, with conditions in other counties, willingness of biogas engineering base, to assist in the construction of gas compression purification equipment and production and marketing integration mode. At present, Qianfeng company has been declared a biogas purification, compression and canning 10 a number of utility Technology patents, 2 invention patents, has applied for a registered trademark of the striker, and with the equipment manufacturers to improve the equipment stereotypes and production and business license related work. File, identity to access to a wide range of measures to implement a decentralized, and third, we will steadily develop the market, we forward the company together to form a team, the public security county, Nanping, lotus pond gate three town residential area development, joint concentrated propaganda, further mobilize and organize farmers to base inspection, to the user, enhance the perceptual knowledge, so that the majority of users of biomass gas from ignorance, doubt, and the safe, convenient, economical and practical advantages of convinced, blown away. At the same time, begin to rural area market development, Meng Zhen Jin Gang Cun Zha Kou Zhen De Yi Village pilot, the biomass gas supply farmers, let old people's lives improve grades. Popular support, this year, has added 2382 users. In the commercial sector, has also developed more than 10 food and beverage industry users, the amount of gas is equivalent to 500 civilian gas consumption. Two, make an inventory of the stock, to play the role of high quality of the use of Biogas Rectification has been built in the biogas project, the use of mobile integrated compression purification equipment, the nearest gas recovery, the nearest distribution, improve the use of the original biogas project effect, give full play to the role of high quality and revitalize thProvince's rural marsh gas with high quality use after the spot, we organized a special group, on the basis of a full range of investigation and research, and forward the company together on the county's three large and medium-sized anaerobic fermentation tank be renovated and through technical transformation to restore gas production capacity, building integrated mobile compression purified gas recovery equipment, gas recovery at the price of one yuan per cubic meter by striker company recovery. Both sides have certain economic benefits, not only start the utilization of waste fermentation tank, but also saves the cost of new fermentation tank, achieve a win-win results. Transformation of concentrated residential above at the same time, we also the county nearly 20 100m3 volume fermentation tank, technological transformation, the use of forward the company's equipment, so that to make full use of the conditions are ripe for the District, we use small equipment for purification of direct supply, the use of the user directly with clean and high quality raw material gas, deeply welcome. For example, we in Zhang Tian Si Zhen Chang Chun Cun residential area gas investment less than 20 million yuan, to more than 100 users for the natural gas. Through the entire old buildings and building new, one or two years to cover the whole county, and truly let the rural biogas upgrading work implemented, resulting in greater social benefits and economic benefits. Three, comprehensive utilization, to play the key role of biogas project to boost green agriculture Consumptive striker in my county is planting, livestock and poultry, aquatic County, according to statistics, the county pig herds 57 million head, poultry kept caged 9.7 million, large-scale farms and farming district more than 1000, animal manure and sewage emissions 20 million tons, aquaculture and environmental protection pressure. In the county government's support, we have more channels to raise funds, the biogas project near the base of the five towns more than 20 a livestock and poultry farm manure renovation to achieve separation of dry and wet, and each farm road repair, the company and the aquaculture field signed agreement, the implementation of paid service. On the one hand, to solve the environmental pollution problems, to ensure that the livestock and poultry breeding The healthy development of the industry, on the other hand, to ensure the Qianfeng company production of biomass gas raw materials, can effectively reduce the cost. In the treatment of biogas slurry and residue, we equip the a full automatic drip injection and spraying fertilization system, biogas slurry destined for the vegetable fruit base, through the pipe network, the use of automation in process of sprinkler irrigation and achieve small investment, big gains in effect. Combined with biogas centralized supply through the establishment of biogas households, biogas comprehensive utilization demonstration area, fan out from point to area, to expand the scale, give full play to the commercial, biogas fertilizer fertilize the soil effect. Comprehensive utilization of agricultural structure adjustment to construction of biogas as a link, promote aquaculture, driven by planting industry development, and vigorously promote the "pig - Marsh - fruit, pig - Marsh - food, pig - Marsh - Fish" green mode, to create eco brand, organic brand. Over the past two years, we met with Xing Long ecological farm, Dorian vegetable cooperatives and Jin Gang grape base jointly invested more than 30 million, to build three "three natural ponds" comprehensive utilization project pilot, the economic benefit is obvious, vegetable growers of identity And praise. Although we have done some work on the use of biogas in high quality, but according to industry standards and market operation requirements there are many procedures need to complete, we urge the department pay more to give guidance and support, to ensure that rural biogas high-quality use of standardization, scale, standardization and rapidly to the province, and strive to promote the country.e stock.