语言学树形图课后答案Word版

传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！树形图详细讲解网上的相对理想的树形图，注意正两点：1.短语和中心词在一竖线上2.含有形容词修饰语的名词短语的画法NPDetNANalittleboy1.Indicatethecategoryofeachwordinthefollowingsentences.a)Theoldladysuddenlyleft.DetANQualVb)Thecarstoppedattheendoftheroad.DetNVPDetNPDetNc)Thesnowmighthaveblockedtheroad.DetNAuxAuxVDetNd)Heneverappearsquitemature.NQualVDegA2.Thefollowingphrasesincludeahead,acomplement,andaspecifier.Drawtheappropriatetreestructureforeach.a)fullofpeopleAPAPNfullofpeopleb)astoryaboutasentimentalgirlNPNPPPDetNPNPDetANastoryaboutasentimentalgirlc)oftenreaddetectivestoriesVPQualVNPANoftenreaddetectivestoriesd)theargumentagainsttheproposalsNPNPPPDetNPNPDetNtheargumentagainsttheproposalse)movetowardsthewindowVPVPPPDetNmovetowardsthewindow3.Drawphrasestructuretreesforeachofthefollowingsentences.a)Thejetlanded.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetNPstVThejetlandedb)Marybecameveryill.InflP(=S)NPInflVPNPstVAPDegAMarybecameveryillc)Whatwillyoutalkabout?CPNPCSNInflNPInflVPVPNPVPNWhatwillyouetalkabouted)Theapplemighthittheman.SNPVPDetNAuxVNPDetNTheapplemighthitthemanORInflP(=S)NPInflVPDetNVNPDetNTheapplemighthitthemane)Heoftenreadsdetectivestories.SNPVPNQualVNPANHeoftenreadsdetectivestoriesORInflP(=S)NPInflVPPresNQualVNPANHeoftenreadsdetectivestories4.Thefollowingsentencescontainmodifiersofvarioustypes.Foreachsentence,firstidentifythemodifier(s),thendrawthetreestructures.a)Afrightenedpassengerlandedthecrippledairplane.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVNPDetANAfrightenedpassengerlandedthecrippledairplaneb)Ahugemoonhungintheblacksky.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVPPPNPDetANAhugemoonhungintheblackskyc)Anunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeeting.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVPPPNPDetNAnunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeetingd)Anoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPPstVPPANPNPDetANAnoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill5.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainconjoinedcategories.Drawatreestructureforeachofthesentences.a)Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.InflP(=S)NPVPNAuxVNPDetANPNCONNJimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsORInflP(=S)NPVPNInflVNPDetANPNCONNJimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsb)Helenputonherclothesandwentout.SNPVPNVPCONVPVPNPVAdvVPDetNHelenputonherclothesandwentoutORInflP(=S)NPInflVPNPstVPCONVPVPNPVAdvVPDetNHelenputonherclothesandwentoutc)Maryisfondofliteraturebuttiredofstatistics.SNPVPNVPCONVPVPNPVPNPVAPNVAPNMaryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatisticsORInflP(=S)NPInflVPNPresVPCONVPVPNPVPNPVAPNVAPNMaryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatisticsd)Thedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousmancamein.SSCONSNPVPNPVPDetNVAdvDetANVAdvThedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousmancameine)Crusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt.SNPVPCPNVCSSCONSNPVPNPVPNAuxVDetNAuxVCrusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt6.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainembeddedclausesthatfunctionascomplementsofaverb,anadjective,aprepositionoranoun.Drawatreestructureforeachsentence.a)YouknowthatIhatewar.SNPVPCPNVCSNPVPNVNPNYouknowthatIhatewarORCPCInflP(=S)NPInflVPCPNPresVCSNPVPNVNPNYouknowthatIhatewarb)HesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasover.SNPVPCPNVCSNPVPCPNVCSNPVPDetNVLAHesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasoverc)Gerrycan’tbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam.SNPVPNVPNPCPAuxNegVNPCSDetNNPVPNVNPDetANGerrycannotbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexamd)ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce.SNPVPCPNVLACSNPVPDetNVNPNPNDetNChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Roycee)Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.SNPVPCPDetNVPCSVPNPVPNVNPNThechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings7.Eachofthefollowingsentencescontainsarelativeclause.Drawthedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesentences.a)Theessaythathewrotewastoolong.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVAPCSDegPNPInflVPNVNPNTheessayhewrotethatwastoolongSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVAPCSDegPNPNPInflVPNNPstVNPNTheessaythathewroteewastoolongb)Thedogthathekeepsbites.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVCInflSPresNPVPNVNPNThedoghekeepsthatbitesSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVCSNPNPInflVPNNPresVNPNThedogthathekeepsebitesc)Herbertfoundthemansheloved.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPNInflVNPCPDetNCSNPInflVPNPNVNHerbertfoundthemanshelovedwhoSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPNInflVNPCPDetNSCNPInflVPNPNPNVNNHerbertfoundtheman(whom)sheloveded)Thegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithmajorsinlinguistics.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVPPPNPCInflSNNPVPPPNQualVPNPVPNThegirlheoftenquarrelswithwhommajorsinlinguisticsSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVPPPNPCSNNPNPInflVPPPNNQualVPNPVPNThegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithemajorsinlinguistics8.Thederivationsofthefollowingsentencesinvolvetheinversiontransformation.Givethedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesesentences.a)Wouldyoucometomorrow?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPAdvPNInflVAdvyouwouldcometomorrowSurfacestructureCPCSVPNPAdvPInflNInflVAdvwouldyouecometomorrowb)Canyoupassmethenewspaper?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPNPNPNInflVNDetNyoucanpassmethenewspaperSurfacestructureCPCSVPInflNPNPNPNInflVNDetNCanyouepassmethenewspaperc)Shouldthestudentsreporttheincident?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPNPDetNInflVDetNthestudentsshouldreporttheincidentSurfacestructureCPCSVPInflNPNPDetNInflVDetNshouldthestudentsereporttheincidentd)Whatdidyoueatforlunch?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPPPNPNPNInflVPNNyoudideatwhatforlunchSurfacestructureCPNPCSVPInflNPPPNPNPNNInflVPNNwhatdidyoueeateforlunche)Whoshouldthisbereportedto?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPPPVPNPNInflVVPNthisshouldbereportedtowhomSurfacestructureCPNPCSVPNInflNPPPVPNPNInflVVPNwhomshouldthisebereportedtoef)WhatwasHelenbringingtotheparty?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPPPNPNPNInflVPNDetNHelenwasbringingwhattothepartySurfacestructureCPNPCSVPNInflNPPPNPNPNInflVPNDetNwhatwasHelenebringingetotheparty