散货租船术语大全(1)

AbbreviationMeaningAAAlwaysAfloatAAAAAlwaysAccessibleAlwaysAfloatAAOSAAlwaysAfloatorSafeAground.ConditionforavesselwhilstinportAARAAmsterdam-Antwerp-RotterdamAreaABAFTTowardtherear(stern)oftheship.Behind.ABOARDOnorwithintheshipABOVEDECKOnthedeck(notoverit-seeALOFT)ABTAboutADCOMAddressCommissionADDENDUMAdditionalcharteringtermsattheendofacharterpartyAFSPSArrivalFirstSeaPilotStation(Norway)AFFREIGHTMENTThehiringofashipinwholeorpartAFTAtortowardsthesternorrearofashipAGROUNDTouchingorfasttothebottomAGWAllGoingWellAHLAustralianHoldLaddersAIDSTONAVIGATIONArtificialobjectstosupplementnaturallandmarksindicatingsafeandunsafewatersALOFTAbovethedeckoftheshipAMIDSHIPSInortowardthecentreoftheshipA/NArrivalNotice-animportdocumentsendtothenotifypartyand/orimporter'sbrokercontainingallnecessaryarrivalinfoforCustomsclearance;normallywithfreightcharges.ANCHORAGEAplacesuitableforanchorageinrelationtothewind,seasandbottomANTHAMAntwerp-HamburgRangeAPSArrivalPilotStationARAGAmsterdam-Rotterdam--Antwerp-GentRangeARBITRATIONMethodofsettlingdisputeswhichisusuallybindingonparties.AclauseusuallyinacharterpartyA/SAlongsideASBAAmericanShipbrokersAssociationASNAdvanceShipmentNoticeASPWAnySafePortintheWorldASTERNInthebackoftheship,oppositeofaheadATAActualtimeofarrivalATDActualtimeofdepartureATDNSHINCAnyTimeDay/NightSundaysandHolidaysIncludedATFIATFIATHWARTSHIPSAtrightanglestothecentrelineoftheshipATUTCActualTimesUsedtoCountAWBAirwaybillBACKLETTERWhereaseller/shipperissuesa'letterofindemnity'infavourofthecarrierinexchangeforacleanbillofladingBAFBunkerAdjustmentFactor.AFuelSurchargeexpressedasapercentageaddedorsubtractedfromthefreightamount,reflectingthemovementinthemarketplacepriceforbunkers.BALECAP.Cubiccapacityofavesselsholdstocarrypackageddrycargosuchasbales/palletsBALLASTHeavyweight,oftenseawater,necessaryforthestabilityandsafetyofashipwhichisnotcarryingcargoBALLASTBONUSCompensationforrelativelylongballastvoyageBAREBOATCHTR.BareboatCharter-Ownersleaseaspecificshipandcontrolitstechnicalmanagementandcommercialoperationsonly.Chartererstakeoverallresponsibilityfortheoperationofthevesselandexpensesfortheduration.BBBBeforeBreakingBulk.ReferstofreightpaymentsthatmustbereceivedbeforedischargeofavesselcommencesBDIBothDatesInclusiveBEAMThemaximumbreadthorthegreatestwidthofashipBELOWBeneaththedeckBENDSBothEnds(Load&DischargePorts)BIBothInclusiveBIMCOTheBalticandInternationalMaritimeCouncilBLBaleB/L(BillofLading)AdocumentsignedbythecarrierwhichactsasaContractofAffreightment,areceiptandevidenceoftitletothecargo.BMBeamBNBookingNoteBOBBunkeronBoardBOFFERBestOfferBOWTheforwardpartofashipBROBBunkersRemainingonBoardBROKERAGEPercentageoffreightpayabletobroker(byownersinc/p's)orapplicabletosaleorpurchaseBSSBasisBSS1/1Basis1Portto1PortBTBerthTermsBULKHEADAverticalpartitionseparatingcompartmentsBUNDLINGThisistheassemblyofpiecesofcargo,securedintoonemanageableunit.ThisisrelevanttoitemssuchasStructuralSteel,Handrails,Stairwaysetc.Whilstthisisaveryflexibledescription,aruleofthumbistopresentcargoatasizeeasilyhandledbyalarge(20tonne)forklift.BUNKERSNamegivenforvesselsFuelandDieselOilsupplies(Originatesfromcoalbunkers)BUOYAnanchoredfloatusedformarkingapositiononthewaterorahazardorashoalandformooringBWADBrackishWaterArrivalDraftCAFCurrencyAdjustmentFactor.Afeeappliedtotheshippingcoststocompensateforexchangeratefluctuations.CBMCubicMetresCBFT(orCFT)CubicFeetCFR(orC&F)CostandFreightCHARTAmapusedbynavigatorsCHOPTCharterersOptionCHTRSCharterersCIFCost,Insurance&Freight.Sellerpaysallthesecoststoanominatedportorplaceofdischarge.CKDCompletelyknockeddownCOAContractofAffreightment-Ownersagreetoacceptacostperrevenuetonneforcargocarriedonaspecificnumberofvoyages.CIPCarriageandInsurancepaidto...C.O.CertificateofOrigin-asignedstatementfromasemiofficialorganizationcertifyingtheoriginofanexportitem,requiredbycertainnations.COACPContractofAffreightmentCharterPartyCOBClosingofBusinessCOBLDNClosingofBusinessLondonCODCashOnDeliveryCOGSACarriageofGoodsbySeaActCONGESTIONPort/berthdelaysCONSConsumptionCNEECONSIGNEE.Nameofagent,companyorpersonreceivingconsignmentCOPCustomOfPortCP(orC/P)CharterPartyCPDCharterersPayDuesCPTCarriagePaidToCQDCustomaryQuickDespatchCRCurrentRateCROBCargoRemainingonBoardCRNCraneCRTCargoRetentionClauses,introducedbycharterersbasedonshortageofdeliveredcargobecauseofincreasedoilpricesCSTCentistokeCTRContainerFittedDADisbursementAccountDAFDeliverAtFrontierDAPSDaysallPurposes(Totaldaysforloading&discharging)DAMFORDETDamagesforDetention.Penaltyifcargoisnotreadywhenshiparrivesforworking(1stdayofLaycan).Thisisnotdetentionwhichischargedforshipstimeondelay.IfthecargoisreadythereisnoDAMFORDET.DDUDeliveredDutyunpaid.DDPDeliveredDutyPaid.DECKApermanentcoveringoveracompartment,hulloranypartthereofDEMDemurrage(QuayRent).Moneypaidbytheshipperfortheoccupyingportspacebeyondaspecified"FreeTime"period.DEQDeliveredExQuayDESDeliveredExShipDESPDespatch.Timesaved,rewardforquickturnaround-indrycargoonlyDETDetention(SeeDAMFORDET)DEVDeviation.VesseldeparturefromspecifiedvoyagecourseDFRTDeadfreight.SpacebookedbyshipperorchartereronavesselbutnotusedDHDATSBEDespatchHalfDemurrageonAllTimeSavedBothEndsDHDWTSBEDespatchHalfDemurrageonWorkingTimeSavedBothEndsDISCHDischargeDKDeckDLOSPDroppingLastOutwardsSeaPilot(Norway)DODieselOilDOLSPDroppingOffLastSeaPilot(Norway)DOPDroppingOutwardPilotDOTDepartmentofTransportDNRCAOSLONLDiscountlessandNon-ReturnableCargoand/orShipLostorNotLostDRAUGHT(orDRAFT)Depthtowhichashipisimmersedinwater.Thedepthvariesaccordingtothedesignoftheshipandwillbegreaterorlesserdependingnotonlyontheweightoftheshipandeverythingonboard,butalsoonthedensityofthewaterinwhichtheshipislying.DRKDerrickDUNNAGEMaterialsofvarioustypes,oftentimberormatting,placedamongthecargoforseparation,andhenceprotectionfromdamage,forventilationand,inthecaseofcertaincargoes,toprovidespaceinwhichthetynesofaforklifttruckmaybeinserted.DWAT(orDWT)Deadweight.Weightofcargo,storesandwater,i.e.thedifferencebetweenlightshipandloadeddisplacement.EBBAreceedingcurrentECEastCoastEIUEvenIfUsedELVENTElectricVentilationETAEstimatedTimeofArrival-theprojecteddateandtimeashipmentisscheduledtoarriveatitsdestination.ETCEstimatedTimeofCompletionETDEstimatedTimeofDeparture-theprojecteddateandtimeashipmentisscheduledtodepartfromtheport/airportoforigin.ETSEstimatedTimeofSailingEXWExWorksFACFastascanFASFreeAlongsideShip.SellerdeliversgoodstoappropriatedockorterminalatportofembarkationandbuyercoverscostsandrisksofloadingFCAFreetoCarrier.AmodernequivalentofFASusedinintermodaltransportwheregoodsaretransferredatanominatedforwarderspremises,depotorterminalbutnotactuallyonboardvessel.FCLFullContainerLoad-acontainerthatisfullyloadedbycargo,occupyingallspace,orloadedtothemaximumpermissableweight.Itcancontaincargofrommultipleshippers,butnormallyisconsignedtothesameconsignee.Theshipmentisexpectedtobedeliveredtotheconsigneewiththeshipper'ssealintact.FD(FDIS)FreeDischargeFDDFreightDemurrageDeadfreightFDESPFreeDespatchFDEDANRSAOCLONLFreightDeemedEarned,DiscountlessAndNon-Returnable(Refundable)ShipAndOrCargoLostOrNotLostFENDERAcushion,placedbetweenships,orbetweenashipandapier,topreventdamageFEUStandard40’Container,forty-footequivalentunit,astandardsizeintermodalcontainer.FHEXFridays/HolidaysExcludedFHINCFridays/HolidaysIncludedFILOFreeIn/LinerOut.Seafreightwithwhichtheshipperpaysloadcostsandthecarrierpaysfordischargecosts.FIOFreeIn/Out.FreightbookedFIOincludestheseafreight,butnoloading/dischargingcosts,i.e.thechartererpaysforcostofloading/dischargingcargo.FIOSFreeIn/OutStowed.AsperFIO,butexcludesstowagecosts.FIOSTFreeIn/OutandTrimmed.Chartererpaysforcostofloading/dischargingcargo,includingstowageandtrimming.FIOTFreeIn/OutandTrimmed.AsperFIOSbutincludestrimming,e.g.thelevellingofbulkcargoes.FIOSincludesseafreight,butexcludesloading/dischargingandstowagecosts.FITFreeInTrimmedFIWFreeInWagonFIXINGCharteringaVesselFIXTUREConclusionofshipbrokersnegotiationstocharteraship-anagreementFLATPACKINGCargotobepresentedstackedandsecuredasanintegralunit.FLTFullLinerTermsFMCFederalMaritimeCommissionFMEForceMajeureExceptedFMSFathomsFOForOrdersFO(IFO)FuelOil/IntermediateFOFOFreeOutFOBFreeonBoard.Sellerseesthegoods"overtheship’srail"ontotheshipwhichisarrangedandpaidforbythebuyerFOFFERFirmOfferFOGForOurGuidanceFOQFreeOnQuayFORFreeOnRailFORCEMAJEUREClauselimitingresponsibilitiesofthecharterers,shippersandreceiversofcargo.FORE-AND-AFTInalineparalleltothekeelFORWARDTowardthebowoftheshipFOTFreeOnTruckFOWFirstOpenWaterFOWFreeOnWharfFPFreePratique.ClearancebytheHealthAuthoritiesFRFirstRefusal.FirstattemptatbestofferthatcanbematchedFREEBOARDTheminimumverticaldistancefromthesurfaceofthewatertothegunwaleFRTFreight.MoneypayableondeliveryofcargoinamercantileconditionFREEDESPATCHIfloading/dischargingachievedsoonerthanagreed,therewillbenofreightmoneyreturned.FREEEXINSFreeofanyExtraInsurance(Owners)FREEOUTFreeofdischargecoststoowners.Includesseafreightonly.FRUSTRATIONChartererswhencancellingagreementsometimesquote'doctrineoffrustration'i.e.vesselislost,extensivedelays.FWADFreshWaterArrivalDraftFWDDFreshWaterDepartureDraftFYGForYourGuidanceFYIForYourInformationGAGeneralAverageGEARAgeneraltermforropes,blocks,tackleandotherequipmentGLS(GLESS)GearlessGNCNGencon(GENERALCONDITIONS)GN(orGR)Grain(Capacity)GOGasOilGPGrainCapacity.Cubiccapacityin'grain'GRGeographicalRotation.PortsinorderofcallingGRDGearedGRIGeneralRateIncrease.Usedtodescribeanacross-the-boardtariffrateincreaseimplementedbyconferencemembersandappliedtobaserates.GRTGrossRegisteredTonnageGSBGood,SafeBerthGSPGood,SafePortGTEEGuaranteeGUNWALETheupperedgeofaship'ssides2HSecondHalfHAHatchHAGUERULESCodeofminimumconditionsforthecarriageofcargounderaBillofLadingHATCHAnopeninginaship'sdeckfittedwithawatertightcoverHBFHarmlessBulkFertilizerHDLTSBENDSHalfDespatchLayTimeSavedBothEndsHDWTSHalfDespatchWorking(orWeather)TimeSavedHHDWHandyHeavyd.w.(Scrap)HIRET/CRemunerationHMSHeavyMetalScrapsHOHoldHOLDAcompartmentbelowdeckinalargevessel,usedsolelyforcarryingcargoHULLThemainbodyofashipHWHighWaterICWIntercoastalWaterway:bays,rivers,andcanalsalongthecoasts(suchastheAtlanticandGulfofMexicocoasts),connectedsothatvesselsmaytravelwithoutgoingintotheseaIMDGInternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCodeIMOInternationalMaritimeOrganisationIN&/OROVERGoodscarriedbelowand/orondeckINCOTERMS(RefertocommentsincoveringstatementonfrontpageA-F)INDIndicationINTERMODALCarriageofacommoditybydifferentmodesoftransport,i.e.sea,road,railandairwithinasinglejourneyITFInternationalTransportWorkersFederation(TradeUnions).CompliesoncrewingISPSInternationalShipsandPortSecuritySystemITINERARYRoute.ScheduleIUIfUsedIUHTAUTCIfUsed,HalfTimeActuallyToCountIWLInstituteWarrantyLimitsKEELThecentrelineofashiprunningforeandaft;thebackboneofavesselKNOTAmeasurementofspeedequaltoonenauticalmile(6,076feet)perhourLANEMETERAmethodofmeasuringthespacecapacityofRo/Roshipswherebyeachunitofspace(LinearMeter)isrepresentedbyanareaofdeck1.0meterinlengthx2.0metersinwidth.LASHToholdgoodsinpositionbyuseofRopes,Wires,ChainsorStrapsetc.LATLatitude.Thedistancenorthorsouthoftheequatormeasuredandexpressedindegrees.LAYCANLaycan(LaydayCancellingDate)LAYTIMETimeatCharterersdisposalforpurposeofloading/dischargingL/CLetterofCreditLCLLessthanContainerLoad-ashipmentthattakesuponlyaportionofaconsolidatedcontainer.LCLshptsaretobepickedupataCFSonly,whereasFCLaretobepickedupatacontaineryard/terminal.LCRLowestCurrentRateLEEThesideshelteredfromthewindLEEWARDThedirectionawayfromthewind.OppositeofwindwardLEEWAYThesidewaysmovementoftheshipcausedbyeitherwindorcurrentLFLoadFactor.Percentageofcargoorpassengerscarriese.g.4,000tonscarriedonavesselof10,000capacityhasaloadfactorof40%LIENRetentionofpropertyuntiloutstandingdebtispaidLNGLiquefiedNaturalGasLOALengthOverallofthevesselLOADLINESeePLIMSOLLLINELOFLloydsOpenFormLOGArecordofcoursesoroperation.Also,adevicetomeasurespeedLOILetterofIndemnityLONGITUDEThedistanceindegreeseastorwestofthemeridianatGreenwich,EnglandLOWLastOpenWaterLS(orLUMPS)LumpsumFreight.MoneypaidtoShipperforacharterofaship(orportion)uptostatedlimitirrespectiveofquantityofcargoLSDLashedSecuredDunnagedLTLinerTermsLTLongTon=1,016.05kilogram(2,240lbs)LTHHLinerTermsHook/HookLWLowWaterLYCNLaycan(LaydayCancellingDate)MANIFESTInventoryofcargoonboardMBMerchantBrokerMDO(DO)MarineDieselOilMIDSHIPApproximatelyinthelocationequallydistantfromthebowandsternMIN/MAXMinimum/Maximum(cargoquantity)MOAMemorandumofAgreementMOLCHOPTMoreorLessCharterersOptionMOLOOMoreorLessOwnersOptionMOORINGAnarrangementforsecuringashiptoamooringbuoyorpierMTMerticTonne(i.e.1,000kilos)M/VMotorVessel/MerchantVesselNAABSANotAlwaysAfloatButSafelyAgroundNMNauticalMile.Oneminuteoflatitude;approximately6,076feet-about1/8longerthanthestatutemileof5,280feetNAVIGATIONTheartandscienceofconductingashipsafelyfromonepointtoanotherNCBNationalCargoBureauNESTINGImpliesthatcargoispresentedstackedinthecontourofsimilarlyshapedcargo,itmaybelikenedtoastackofplates.ThisisparticularlyrelevantinthepresentationoftankagestrakesfortransportNON-REVERSIBLE(Detention).Ifloadingcompletedsoonerthanexpected,thensaveddayswillnotbeaddedtodischargetimeallowed.NORNoticeofReadinessNRTNetRestrictedTonnageNYPENewYorkProduceExchangeOOOwnersOptionOBOOre/Bulk/OilVesselOSHOpenShelterDeckOVERBOARDOverthesideoroutoftheshipOWSOwnersP&IProtectionandIndemnityInsurancePASTUSPastUsPCPeriodofCharterPCGOPartCargoPCTPercentPDPRPerDayProRataPERDIEMBytheDayPERSEByItselfPHPDPerHatchPerDayPLIMSOLLMARKalt.PLIMSOLLLINEalt.LOADLINEAninternationallyrecognisedlinepaintedonthesideofmerchantships.Whenashipisloaded,thewaterlevelisnotsupposedtogoabovetheline.Watercanreachdifferentpartsofthelineasitstemperatureandsaltinessvarieswiththeseasonandlocation.FromwherePlimsollShippingderiveditsname.PORTTheleftsideofashiplookingforward.Aharbour.PRATIQUELicenceorpermissiontouseaportPREAMBLEIntroductiontoacharterpartyPROFORMAEstimatedAccountPUSPlusUsPWWDPerWeatherWorkingDayRCVRReceiverRECAPRecapitulationofthetermsandconditionsagreedREVERSIBLE(Detention).Ifloadingcompletedsoonerthanexpectedatloadport,thendayssavedcanbeaddedtodischargeoperations.ROBRemainingOnBoardRTRevenueTonne(i.e.1.0metrictonneor1.0cubicmeter,whichevergreater).TheoverallRTiscalculatedonalinebylinebasisofthePackingListusingthelargestamount.TheoverallfreightliabilityiscalculatedonthetotalRTamount,multipliedbythefreightrate.SATPMSaturdayP.M.SBSafeBerthSD(orSID)SingleDeckerSEAFREIGHTCostschargedfortransportinggoodsoverthesea.Thisdoesnotcoverhaulageorloading/dischargingcostsbuttheseatransportonlySEAWORTHINESSStatementofconditionofthevessel(validcertificates,fullyequippedandmannedetc.)SELFDSelfDischargingSEMI-TRAILERSAreusually12.0meterflatbedroadtrailersSFStowageFactor.Cubicspace(measurementtonne)occupiedbyonetonne(2,240lbs/1,000kgs)ofcargoSHINCSundays/HolidaysIncludedSHEXSundays/HolidaysExcludedSHPRShipper-thepartyinwhosenameacontractofcarriageofgoodshasbeenconcludedwithatcarrieroranypartybywhom,inwhosenameoronwhosebehalfthegoodsareactuallydeliveredtothecarrierinrelationtothecontractofcarriage.SKIDSArebearers(timberorsteel)positionedunderthecargotoenableforklifthandlingatport,andforeaseofriggingandlashingonboardship.SNSatelliteNavigation-Aformofpositionfindingusingradiotransmissionsfromsatelliteswithsophisticatedon-boardautomaticequipmentSOCShipperOwnedContainerSOFStatementofFactsSPSafePortSPIDERINGIsthestrengtheningofcirculartanksfortransport,thispreventsthetanksfrombecomingwarped.Thetanksarestrengthenedwithsteelorwoodcrossbeamsgivinga"spider"appearanceSRBLSigningandReleasingBillofLadingSSHEXSaturdays,Sundays,HolidaysExcludedSSHINC(orSATSHINC)Saturdays,Sundays,HolidaysIncludedSTABILITYItisparamountthatavesselisstableinallaspectsatalltimes.Whencargoisloaded/discharged,thestabilityismonitoredbyacomputer,whichtakesintoaccounttheweightandpositionofcargowithinthevessel.STARBOARDRightsideofashipwhenfacingthefrontorforwardend.STEMSubjecttoEnoughMerchandise(Availabilityofcargo).Also,theforwardmostpartofthebow.STERNTheaformostorafterpartofashipSUBSubject(to).DependinguponasaconditionSUPERCARGOPersonemployedbyashipowner,shippingcompany,chartererofashiporshipperofgoodstosupervisecargohandlingoperations.Oftencalledaportcaptain.SWADSaltWaterArrivalDraftSWDDSaltWaterDepartureDraftTHWARTSHIPSAtrightanglestothecentrelineoftheshipTIDETheperiodicriseandfallofwaterlevelintheoceansTIMEBARTimeafterwhichlegalclaimswillnotbeenteredTBNToBeNamed/ToBeNominatedTCTimeCharter-Ownersagreetohireaparticularshipforasetlengthoftimeandprovidetechnicalmanagement,crewingetc.TCPTimeCharterPartyTEUStandard20'Container,twenty-footequivalentunit,astandardsizeintermodalcontainer.TOPSIDESThesidesofashipbetweenthewaterlineandthedeck;sometimesreferringtoontoorabovethedeckT/STranshipment-ashippingarrangementinwhichashipmentisdischargedofthevesselatanintermediateportenrouteandsubsequentlyreloadedtoanothervesselforcarriagetoitsfinaldestinationlTRIMForeandaftbalanceofashipTTLTotalTWTweenDeckerUSCUnlessSoonerCommencedUUUnlessUsedUUIWCTAUTCUnlessUsedInWhichCaseTimeActuallyUsedToCountVPDVesselPaysDuesWATERLINEAlinepaintedonahullwhichshowsthepointtowhichashipsinkswhenitisproperlytrimmedWAYMovementofashipthroughwatersuchasheadway,sternwayorleewayWCCONWhetherCustomsClearedOrNotWIBONWhetherInBerthOrNotWIFPONWhetherInFreePratiqueOrNotWINDWARDTowardthedirectionfromwhichthewindiscomingWIPONWhetherInPortOrNotWLTOHCWaterLine-To-HatchCoamingWOGWithoutGuaranteeWPWeatherPermitting.ThattimeduringwhichweatherpreventsworkingshallnotcountaslaytimeWPDWeatherPermittingDayWWDWeatherWorkingDayWRICWireRodsInCollisWWRWhen,WhereReadyWWWWWibon,Wccon,Wifpon,WiponYARYorkAntwerpRulesYAWToswingorsteeroffcourse,aswhenrunningwithaquarteringseaZUTC=GMT