Linux下添加新磁盘并挂载到指定目录的方法

在Linux系统中添加硬盘，并挂载到已有的目录以如下为例：环境说明：LinuxRedHat4Updata4，加载6块SAS硬盘，做一个Raid5.挂载到/home/trsmanager目录，要求保证目录中原有数据完好已经建好的TRS全文检索，放在/home/trsmanager中，想要将扩展的硬盘空间挂载到trsmanager文件夹上，并保证全文检索正常。：将添加上的硬盘使用Linux的fdisk制作一个文件系统，挂载到已有目录下。[root@TRS01home]#lslostfound trsmanager[root@TRS01home]#lslostfound trsmanager[root@TRS01home]#cdt*[root@TRS01trsmanager]#lstrshome[root@TRS01trsmanager]#cd..[root@TRS01home]#tarcvftrsmanager.tartrsmanager#将本来的文件夹trsmanager打包保存。（后续将原来的trsmanager清空，挂载建立好的文件系统，然后将打包的东西解压到这个目录中，还原trsmanager文件夹中的文件）。[root@TRS01home]#ls      #ls查看并确定打包完成lostfound trsmanager trsmanager.tar[root@TRS01home]#rm-rftrsmanager #删除trsmanager文件夹[root@TRS01home]#lslostfound trsmanager.tar[root@TRS01home]#[root@TRS01home]#[root@TRS01/]#fdisk–l  #查看raid后的硬盘Disk/dev/cciss/c0d0:146.7GB,146778685440bytes255heads,32sectors/track,35132cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytesDeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 *     1    257  1048544 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p2      258    5397  20971200 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p3      5398   10537  20971200 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p4     10538   35132 100347600  5 Extended/dev/cciss/c0d0p5     10538   15677  20971184 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p6     15678   20817  20971184 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p7     20818   22873  8388464 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p8     22874   24929  8388464 82 Linuxswap/dev/cciss/c0d0p9     24930   35132  41628224 83 LinuxDisk/dev/cciss/c0d1:733.9GB,733910294528bytes255heads,32sectors/track,175664cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytes     #raid后的硬盘DeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System[root@TRS01/]#fdisk/dev/cciss/c0d1 #此处的/dev/cciss/c0d1即为上面查看的raid后的Disk名称Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto175664.Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:1)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,oldversionsofLILO)2)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs(e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK)Command(mforhelp):m         #此处输入m，查看可使用的命令Commandactiona toggleabootableflagb editbsddisklabelc togglethedoscompatibilityflagd deleteapartitionl listknownpartitiontypesm printthismenun addanewpartitiono createanewemptyDOSpartitiontablep printthepartitiontableq quitwithoutsavingchangess createanewemptySundisklabelt changeapartition'ssystemidu changedisplay/entryunitsv verifythepartitiontablew writetabletodiskandexitx extrafunctionality(expertsonly)Command(mforhelp):n   #输入n，新建一个磁盘分区Commandactione extendedp primarypartition(1-4)pPartitionnumber(1-4):1       #输入1，即为主磁盘分区Firstcylinder(1-175664,default1):1 #输入1LastcylinderorsizeorsizeMorsizeK(1-175664,default175664):#回车Usingdefaultvalue175664Command(mforhelp):p  #printthepartitiontableDisk/dev/cciss/c0d1:733.9GB,733910294528bytes255heads,32sectors/track,175664cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytesDeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System/dev/cciss/c0d1p1       1   175664 716709104 83 LinuxCommand(mforhelp):w #写保存并退出Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable.Syncingdisks.[root@TRS01/]#fdisk–l #查看是否已建好逻辑磁盘Disk/dev/cciss/c0d0:146.7GB,146778685440bytes255heads,32sectors/track,35132cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytesDeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 *     1    257  1048544 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p2      258    5397  20971200 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p3      5398   10537  20971200 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p4     10538   35132 100347600  5 Extended/dev/cciss/c0d0p5     10538   15677  20971184 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p6     15678   20817  20971184 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p7     20818   22873  8388464 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p8     22874   24929  8388464 82 Linuxswap/dev/cciss/c0d0p9     24930   35132  41628224 83 LinuxDisk/dev/cciss/c0d1:733.9GB,733910294528bytes255heads,32sectors/track,175664cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytesDeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System/dev/cciss/c0d1p1       1   175664 716709104 83 Linux #建立完成[root@TRS01/]#[root@TRS01home]#lslostfound trsmanager.tar[root@TRS01home]#mkdirtrsmanager #在/home目录下新建一个文件夹trsmanager[root@TRS01home]#lslostfound trsmanager trsmanager.tar[root@TRS01home]#fdisk-lDisk/dev/cciss/c0d0:146.7GB,146778685440bytes255heads,32sectors/track,35132cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytesDeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 *     1    257  1048544 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p2      258    5397  20971200 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p3      5398   10537  20971200 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p4     10538   35132 100347600  5 Extended/dev/cciss/c0d0p5     10538   15677  20971184 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p6     15678   20817  20971184 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p7     20818   22873  8388464 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p8     22874   24929  8388464 82 Linuxswap/dev/cciss/c0d0p9     24930   35132  41628224 83 LinuxDisk/dev/cciss/c0d1:733.9GB,733910294528bytes255heads,32sectors/track,175664cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytesDeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System/dev/cciss/c0d1p1       1   175664 716709104 83 Linux[root@TRS01home]#mkfs.ext3/dev/cciss/c0d1p1 #建立文件系统mke2fs1.35(28-Feb-2004)Filesystemlabel=OStype:LinuxBlocksize=4096(log=2)Fragmentsize=4096(log=2)89604096inodes,179177276blocks8958863blocks(5.00%)reservedforthesuperuserFirstdatablock=0=42949672965469blockgroups32768blockspergroup,32768fragmentspergroup16384inodespergroupSuperblockbackupsstoredonblocks:32768,98304,163840,229376,294912,819200,884736,1605632,2654208,4096000,7962624,11239424,20480000,23887872,71663616,78675968,102400000Writinginodetables:done Creatingjournal(8192blocks):doneWritingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:done#以上done会自动完成Thisfilesystemwillbeautomaticallycheckedevery26mountsor180days,whichevercomesfirst. Usetune2fs-cor-itooverride.[root@TRS01/]#fdisk-lDisk/dev/cciss/c0d0:146.7GB,146778685440bytes255heads,32sectors/track,35132cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytesDeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 *     1    257  1048544 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p2      258    5397  20971200 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p3      5398   10537  20971200 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p4     10538   35132 100347600  5 Extended/dev/cciss/c0d0p5     10538   15677  20971184 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p6     15678   20817  20971184 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p7     20818   22873  8388464 83 Linux/dev/cciss/c0d0p8     22874   24929  8388464 82 Linuxswap/dev/cciss/c0d0p9     24930   35132  41628224 83 LinuxDisk/dev/cciss/c0d1:733.9GB,733910294528bytes255heads,32sectors/track,175664cylindersUnits=cylindersof8160*512=4177920bytesDeviceBoot   Start    End   Blocks Id System/dev/cciss/c0d1p1       1   175664 716709104 83 Linux[root@TRS01/]#mount/dev/cciss/c0d1p1/home/trsmanager/ #将做好的文件系统挂载到trsmanager文件夹上[root@TRS01/]#tarxvftrsmanager.tar #解压trsmanager.tar包至trsmanager文件夹中