SilkRoad(全文翻译)-原文SilkRoadTheSilkRoad,orSilkRoute,isanetworkoftradeandculturaltransmissionroutesthatwerecentraltoculturalinteractionthroughregionsoftheAsiancontinentconnectingtheWestandEastbymerchants,pilgrims,monks,soldiers,nomads,andurbandwellersfromChinaandIndiatotheMediterraneanSeaduringvariousperiodsoftime.Extending4,000miles(6,437kilometres),theSilkRoadderivesitsnamefromthelucrativetradeinChinesesilkcarriedoutalongitslength,beginningduringtheHandynasty(206BC–220AD).TheCentralAsiansectionsofthetraderouteswereexpandedaround114BCbytheHandynasty,largelythroughthemissionsandexplorationsofChineseimperialenvoy,ZhangQian.TheChinesetookgreatinterestinthesafetyoftheirtradeproductsandextendedtheGreatWallofChinatoensuretheprotectionofthetraderoute.TradeontheSilkRoadwasasignificantfactorinthedevelopmentofthecivilizationsofChina,theIndiansubcontinent,Persia,Europe,theHornofAfricaandArabia,openinglong-distance,politicalandeconomicinteractionsbetweenthecivilizations.ThoughsilkwascertainlythemajortradeitemfromChina,manyothergoodsweretraded,andreligions,syncreticphilosophies,andvarioustechnologies,aswellasdiseases,alsotravelledalongtheSilkRoutes.Inadditiontoeconomictrade,theSilkRoadservedasameansofcarryingoutculturaltradeamongthecivilizationsalongitsnetwork.ThemaintradersduringantiquityweretheChinese,Persians,Somalis,Greeks,Syrians,Romans,Armenians,Indians,andBactrians,andfromthe5thtothe8thcenturytheSogdians.DuringthecomingofageofIslam,Arabtradersbecameprominent.InJune2014UNESCOdesignatedtheChang'an-TianshancorridoroftheSilkRoadasaWorldHeritageSite.