高中英语 Unit 1 A land of diversity Section Ⅱ Warming up & Reading-Language Points课时作业版选修8

Unit 1　A land of diversity Section Ⅱ　Warming up & Reading—Language Points Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We call air a________(mix) of gases. ：　mixture 2．He ________in chemistry at college years ago，and now the________of his work is something to do with that field.(major) 答案：　majored；majority 3．The manager had no ________(react) to the argument between the two workers. 答案：　reaction 4．People of different races have different________(race) customs. 答案：　 racial 5．The________worked together to fight against________.(slave) 答案：　slaves；slavery 6．The government announced additional rules on________(immigrate)． 答案：　immigration 7．Today there are about 25,000 Russian­Americans________(live) in and around San Francisco. 答案：　living 8．People from Africa________(live) in California since the 1800s，when they ________(move) north from Mexico. 答案：　have been living；moved 9．In more recent decades，California________(become) home to more people from Asia，________(include) Koreans，Cambodians，Vietnamese and Laotians. 答案：　has become；including 10．California also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA，________(attract) people from all over the world. 答案：　having attracted 11．In addition，many people died of the diseases________(bring) by the Europeans. 答案：　brought 12．My father________(hire) three men to help him with the harvest last summer. 答案：　 hired Ⅱ.完成句子 1．She tried to explain________________________(通过) sign language，but we still couldn’t understand what she meant. 答案：　by means of 2．If we can________________________(保持这个速度)，we should arrive there in about two days. 答案：　keep up this speed 3．________________________________(大多数医生认为) that smoking is extremely harmful to health. 答案：　The majority of doctors think 4．When they settled in America，they ________________________(谋生) by running a small restaurant. 答案：　made a life 5．__________________________(据说) aliens can live without air or water. 答案：　It is said that 6．I think________________________(我很可能) get the job，but if Bob applies for it too.I will be hopeless.(likely) 答案：　I’m likely to 7．He is very interested in ________________________________(所谓的流行歌曲)． 答案：　what are called popular songs 8．________________________________(第一个到达的人) will win a great reward. 答案：　The first person to arrive Ⅲ.阅读理解 Peter，a high school student，was pretty busy with school，and he was on the soccer team.High school was hard，because everyone wanted to have nice clothes，hang out，drive cars，and all these cost money.Peter’s father was the sort of guy that believed you had to earn whatever you got，so he wasn’t just about to hand over lots of money for Peter to use to have fun.So，he had to get a job. During his freshman year summer vacation，his classmate got him a job working on a hay (干草) farm.He threw hay up into wagons as the tractor drove around fields，and then they stacked (剁起) it in the hot barn.It was a hot，low­paying job. He once worked a few nights a week at a grocery store.He put things on the shelf.It was a lot of lifting and carrying，and his arms were strong from this and the previous job.It was dull and didn’t pay much. He took some time off when soccer got serious，but the following summer he tried working at a lumber yard.It was hot outside，but he got a lot of exercise lifting and carrying things like boards and drywall.He also learned a lot about building supplies.It still didn’t pay well. From there，he spent a year doing some tutoring for a friend of the family，but that was piecemeal.His first real job came the last year at school，when he fixed registers and worked on computers at a big box store.It was his favorite job yet，but it still didn’t pay well. What Peter realized with all of these jobs was that he needed a better paying job！The only way to get that was to get trained or educated.He could go to school and get a 2­year degree in an office or technical position.His other choices were going to a 4­year college or joining the army.He wasn’t sure what he was going to do yet，but he knew he had to do something.Jobs were a lot of work，money was hard to earn，but he liked staying busy and being able to buy things.Peter wanted the most out of life，and that meant education. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。一个名叫Peter的高中生想要买好看的衣服、出去闲逛、开车，而这一切都需要钱。于是他就想自己挣钱来满足这些需求。然而打了五份工之后，他依然收入微薄。最后，他终于意识到要想找到一份好的工作，唯一的途径就是接受或接受教育，所以他现在必须好好学习。 1．How many jobs had Peter taken? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 解析：　细节理解题。文章中提到Peter打了五份工：第二段第一句提到“...his classmate got him a job working on a hay (干草) farm”；第三段第一句提到“He once worked a few nights a week at a grocery store.”；第四段第一句提到“...but the following summer he tried working at a lumber yard.”；第五段提到“...he spent a year doing some tutoring for a friend of the family...”；及“His first real job came the last year at school，when he fixed registers and worked on computers at a big box store.”。 答案：　C 2．All the jobs Peter had taken had one thing in common：________. A．They didn’t pay well B．They were dull and tiresome C．They needed hard labour D．They were done during his vacation 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It was a hot，low­paying job.”，第三段最后一句“It was dull and didn’t pay much.”第四段最后一句“It still didn’t pay well.”以及第五段最后一句的“...but it still didn’t pay well.”可知，Peter所做的这些工作的收入都不太好。 答案：　A 3．________was the most important for Peter if he wanted a good job. A．Confidence B．Education C．Opportunity D．Wisdom 解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“The only way to get that was to get trained or educated.”以及最后一句“Peter wanted the most out of life，and that meant education.”可知，Peter如果想得到收入更好的工作就要接受培训或者接受教育，如果他想充分享受人生就必须要去学习。 答案：　B 4．We can learn from the text that________. A．Peter knew what to do with his future B．Peter’s father didn’t care about him C．it was very hard for Peter to make his choices D．Peter was determined to do whatever he liked 解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句“What Peter realized with all of these jobs was that he needed a better paying job！The only way to get that was to get trained or educated.”可知，他最需要的是学习。由此可推知，Peter知道该怎么面对他的将来了。 答案：　A All social animals communicate with each other，from bees and ants to whales and apes，but only humans have developed a language which is more than a set of prearranged signals. Our speech even differs in a physical way from the communication of other animals.It comes from a cortical (脑皮层的) speech centre which does not respond instinctively (本能地)，but organizes sound and meaning on a rational (理性的) basis.This section of the brain is unique to humans. When and how the special talent for language developed is impossible to say.But it is generally assumed that its evolution must have been a long process. The beginning of human language will perhaps remain a mystery.By contrast the beginning of individual languages has been the subject of very detailed study over the past two centuries. There are about 5,000 languages spoken in the world today (a third of them in Africa)，but researchers group them together into relatively few families—probably less than twenty.Languages are linked to each other by shared words or sounds or grammatical constructions.The theory is that the members of each language group have descended from one language.In many cases that old language is judged by the experts to have been spoken in surprisingly recent times—as little as a few thousand years ago. The most widespread group of languages today is the Indo­European，spoken by half the world’s population.This entire group，ranging from Hindi and Persian to Norwegian and English，is believed to descend from the language of a tribe of nomads (游牧民族) wandering the plains of Eastern Europe and Western Asia (in modern terms centering on the Ukraine) as recently as about 3000 BC. From about 2000 BC people speaking Indo­European languages began to spread through Europe，finally reaching the Atlantic coast and the northern shores of the Mediterranean.They also reached far into Asia—occupying the Iranian plateau and much of India. Another language group，important in the early history of West Asia and still of great importance today，is the Semitic family of languages.These are also believed to come from the language of just one tribal group，possibly nomads in southern Arabia. 语篇解读　本文从人们头脑中的词汇、语言的起源和语系分类等角度介绍了语言的历史。 5．What makes humans’ brains different from animals? A．A set of prearranged signals. B．A cortical speech centre. C．A rational basis. D．A special talent for language. 解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第二段It comes from a cortical speech centre...This section of the brain is unique to humans可知应选B项。 答案：　B 6．The underlined word “descended” in Paragraph 5 probably means________. A．differed B．assumed C．suffered D．developed 解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前后文章，及第六段对印欧语系历史的介绍可知descend意为“源于；发展自……”，故选D项。 答案：　D 7．Compared with the Semitic languages，the Indo­European languages________. A．have a much longer history B．have a very different origin C．have more speakers D．have more complicated grammar 解析：　推理判断题。文章第六、七段介绍了印欧语系的情况，第八段介绍了闪语系的情况。根据介绍特别是第六段首句可知选C项。 答案：　C 8．What’s the text mainly about? A．The difference between animals and humans. B．The evolution of languages. C．Why can’t animals speak? D．The main languages in the world. 解析：　主旨大意题。本文开头引出人与动物交流的根本区别在脑皮层的中心区，之后具体介绍了语言的演变过程。因此B项比较符合题意，故入选。 答案：　B PAGE