2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷及参考答案

PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT12022学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写考生号和姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Shepreferstostayhome.B.Sheacceptstheman’sadvice.C.Shewantstodosomethingelse.D.Shedoesn’tlikealongwalk.2.A.Heneedsashowerurgently.B.Hedoesn’tneedanything.C.Hewantstodrinksomething.D.Heisn’tsweatingatthemoment.3.A.Shepreferstoeatout.B.Sheisnothungryatall.C.Shehasalottodointhekitchen.D.Shewantstomaketheirownfood.4.A.Skatingistoohardtolearn.B.Thewomanshouldquitskating.C.Skatingisn’ttoohardforhim.D.Thewomanshouldkeeptrying.5.A.Giveupthegame.B.Makeanewplan.C.Havetoughtraining.D.Avoidtheopponent.6.A.Hedoesn’tliketherole.B.Helacksconfidence.C.Heneedstoknowtherolewell.D.Heshouldremembereveryword.7.A.Thefoodtastesdifferently.B.Themanshouldseeadifferentview.C.Thefoodisworththeprice.D.Thepricesonthemenuareridiculous.8.A.Apastoverseasexperience.B.Acomputergame.C.Acomingvacationplan.D.Animaginarysituation.9.A.Practicethepresentation.B.Simplifythepresentation.C.Leaveoutthemiddlepart.D.Askformoretimeforthepresentation.10.A.Hewillleavethebikeoutside.B.Thebikeneedstoberepaired.C.Hedoesn’tneedthebikeanymore.D.Thebikeisingoodcondition.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingspeech.11.A.StudentsofWestSideSchool.B.TheWestSideSchoolartteacher.C.AuthorityofWestSideSchool.D.TheCaliforniangovernment.12.A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.13.A.Theunexpectedcharmofart.B.Aprojectbeneficialtostudents.C.Gratitudefromthehotlinecallers.D.Messagesfromkidsmakedifferences.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingspeech.14.A.Birds’physicalcharacteristics.B.Themigratingpatternsofbirds.C.Thesizeofbirdpopulation.D.Thebehaviorofmigratingbirds.15.A.Theybecometiredoftheirpartners.B.Theycan’treachhomeatthesametime.C.Theyarelikelytofindnewmates.D.Theyhaveconflictsduringtheflight.16.A.Theyareabletokeeppacewiththeirpartners.B.Theymigrateshorterdistancesthanotherbirds.C.Theydonothavetomigrateforfood.D.Theyhavelittlechancetomeetnewmates.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Thethemeistoohardtounderstand.B.Thesoundistoofrightening.C.Theopeningimagesaretooviolent.D.Thelanguageisunacceptable.18.A.Thedialect.B.Theconversation.C.Thebackground.D.Theplot.19.A.Itmakesthebookunusual.B.Itmakesthecharactersvivid.C.Itmakesthedialogueshumorous.D.Itmakesthebookeasytoread.20.A.Thefilmisofficiallyprohibitedtochildrenbecauseofviolenceinit.B.Thewomanfindsthatthefilmismoreinterestingthanthebook.C.Themanbelievesthefilmisfairlypricedandrecommendsseeingit.D.Themanhasnegativecommentsbothonthebookandthefilm.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Humanshavebeenlivingandworkingonthespacestationforover20years.Theirmealsarepackaged,thoughsometimesastronautsreceivefreshtreats(21)_______resupplymissions.Thelongerthatpackagedfoodisstored,themore(22)_______maylosenutrients.Astronautshavesuccessfullygrown10differentcropsonthespacestationsince2015andhadthechance(23)_______(taste)eachone.TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedapartyforastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstchilipeppers(24)_______(raise)inspace.PlantHabitat-04wasoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratory(25)_______pepperstookmuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperimentplantsthere.Aftergrowingforfourmonths,thepeppers(26)_______(harvest)onFriday.Whenthevegetableswerereadytoeat,theastronautsalsocompletedasensoryassessment.Theyratedtheflavor,color,appearance,andtasteoftheproducetosee(27)_______thelaborovertheirgreensprovedfruitfulasasupplementtoprepackagedspacefood.Freshgreens,likepeppers,provideagreatsourceofkeynutrients,whichareessentialtohumanbodies.Freshgreensalsohavepsychologicalbenefits.Theycanhelptokeepmorale(士气)andprovideasenseofnormalcy(正常)onmissions(28)_______alltheconditionsaredistinctivelydifferentfromtheearth.Freshgreensmakealong-durationmission(29)_______(bearable)byprovidingatasteofhome.Lookingtothefuture,theplantexperimentshavethepotentialtosignificantlyimpactthesustainabilityofspaceexploration.They(30)_______,oneday,provideafoodsourceforlong-termhabitationofMarsandotherplanets.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.contentB.overextendC.developD.innovateE.pursuedF.topG.surfaceH.addictionI.emergeJ.cloudK.licensedOnTikTok,“Self-care”has28.2billionviews,whilethehashtag(主题标签)canbefoundonover66millionInstagramposts.Also,booksaboutself-careoften31manypeople’sshoppinglists.Onthe32,itmakescompletesense.Whowouldn’tliketheideaofmakingoneselffeelbetterandtakingcareoftheirmind,bodyandsoul?Yet,wehavetobecarefulnottoviewself-careasacure-allsolutiontoourproblems.Self-care33withoutawarenessofyourspecificneedsandconsistent(一致的)evaluationcancauseemotional,financial,mentalandphysicalconsequences.AccordingtoZishanKhan,apsychologistwithMindpathHealth,self-carecanleadtoapersonbecomingfrustratedwhenmetwithaseaofsuggestions,which34everywherefrompodcaststoself-helpbooks.“So,don’tallowwhatotherssuggestto35yourinternalvoice,”saysKhan.“Self-carecanonlybenefitapersonifit’sconsistentwiththeirgoalsandvalues.”Khanfurtheremphasizesthedangerofuncontrolledphysically-centeredself-careadvice,suchasfrominfluencers.“Their36oftenoverlyfocusesonbeautyandimprovingone’slooks.Thiscanunintentionallyleadtobodyimageconcernandthusactuallyworsenone’smentalhealth,”shesays.Anotherdangercancomewhenself-careactionsreachthelevelof37,saysMelissaBoudin,apsychologistofChoosingTherapy.“Whenyouspendalargeamountoftimethinkingaboutorpracticingacertainself-carebehavior,thismaybethatself-carehasgonefrombeneficialtoharmful,”shesays,usingtheexampleofself-carethroughhealthyeatingandthengoingsofarasto38aneatingdisorder.LenaSuarez-Angelino,a(n)39clinicalsocialworker,hasrecommendedcreatingalistofactivitiesthatmakeyoufeelbetterbutdon’t40you.Worthwhileandbeneficialself-caremayincludeanythingfromtimewithlovedonestowalking.Whileself-careisimportant,itshouldnotbeoverdone.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Whatwillyoudowhenyouarehungry?Ofcourse,anyonewouldgoandgrabsomethingtoeat.Andthen,whatdeterminesthe41offoodyoutakein?Youmaynotberightifyouransweristhedegreeofhunger.Theconventionalconceptthat42isthekeyfactorisopentochallenge.Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasshownthatourappetiteandfoodintake(摄入)areinfluencedbyalargenumberoffactorsbesidesour43needforenergy.Someofthefactorsincludeoureating44andourperceptionofthefoodinfrontofus.Studieshaveshownthat45eating,forinstance,eatingwhilewatchingTV,orasimilardistraction,canincreasebothhungerandfoodconsumption.Evensimple46clues,likeplatesizeandlighting,havebeenshowntoaffectconsumption.Anewstudysuggestedthatourshort-term47alsomayplayaroleinappetite.Severalhoursafterameal,people’shungerlevelswerepredictednotbyhowmuchthey’deatenbutratherbyhowmuchfoodthey’dseeninfrontofthem—48,howmuchtheyrememberedeating.Thisdifferencesuggeststhattherecallofourpreviousmealmayhaveabiggerinfluenceonour49thantheactualsizeofthemeal,saysJeffreyM.Brunstrom,aprofessorofexperimentalpsychologyattheUniversityofBristol.Thesefindingsagreewiththeearlierresearchthatsuggestsourperceptionoffoodcansometimes50ourbody’sresponsetothefooditself.Ina2011study,forinstance,peoplewhodrankthesame380-caloriemilkshakeontwo51occasionsproduceddifferentlevelsofhunger-relatedhormones(荷尔蒙),dependingonwhethertheshake’s52saiditcontained620or140calories.Moreover,theparticipantsreportedfeeling53whentheythoughtthey’dconsumedahigher-caloriesshake.Whatdoesthismeantooureatinghabits?Althoughithardlyseemspracticaltocheatourselvesintoeatingless,thenewfindingsdohighlightthebenifitoffocusingonourfood,avoidingTVandmultitaskingwhileeating.Theso-calledmindful-eatingstrategiescanfightagainst54whileweareeating.By55mindfuleatingtechniques,youhavetheopportunitytochangeyourcurrenteatinghabitsbybecomingmoreself-awareandintunetoyourbody’shungercues.41.A.qualityB.amountC.nutrientD.variety42.A.deliciousnessB.hungerC.nutritionD.flavor43.A.occasionalB.potentialC.externalD.biological44.A.environmentB.contentC.timeD.ability45.A.habitualB.purposefulC.unfocusedD.absorbed46.A.optionalB.visualC.hiddenD.flexible47.A.vacancyB.hungerC.supplyD.memory48.A.inotherwordsB.asawholeC.byallmeansD.allinall49.A.motiveB.growthC.appetiteD.health50.A.advocateB.trickC.justifyD.enhance51.A.identicalB.alternativeC.dependentD.separate52.A.labelB.functionC.usageD.material53.A.wiserB.healthierC.happierD.fuller54.A.distressB.wasteC.distractionD.fullness55.A.employingB.perceivingC.clarifyingD.assumingSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)WhenIstepoutontothedeck,IdefinitelyfeeltheArcticchill.That’snotsurprising.I’magoodhundredmilesinsidetheArcticCircle;infact,youcan’tgetmuchfarthernorthandstillbeinSweden.ThisisAbiskoMountainStation,perhapsthecrownjeweloftheSwedishmountainlodges(小屋).I’mbackforasecondtimetothisremote,scenicspot.LastAutumn,aheavysnowstormtrappedmeinmytentfordaysandeventuallyforcedmetogotothestation,acomfortableplace.IdiscoveredadifferentsidetoAbisko.Peoplecomehereformanyreasons–sometohike,sometoclimb,sometocross-countryski.Butthere’syetanotherentirelydifferentattractionhere.Lookingoutfromthedeckofthetrainstation,aboveahugelake,intheupperskyoftheNorthPole,theAurora,asweoftenrefertothenorthernlight,mixedwithgreenandred,wasgivingoffghostlylight,rollingacrossthedarknightsky.TheAuroramaybeoldhattothosewholivethisfarnorth,butfortherestofusitisanunforgettableexperience.Thelightshereweresoappealingtouswequicklyforgotthediscomfortofthecold.OneoftheattractionsinAbiskoistheTornetrask.It’sahugelake,whichextendsmorethan70kilometreslongjustnorthofthestation,createsanunusualweatherphenomenonthatkeepstheskiesabovethestationclearevenwhenfogorcloudsblanketmostofnorthernSweden.Theskyinthisareaismostlyclearallyeararound.AbiskohasalottooffertomakeitanidealplacetoviewtheAurora.Itisfarfromanycitylights.ThestationoperatesaskilifttothetopofNuoljaPeak,morethan3,000feethigh.Forthefirsttimethisyear,acafeatthetopofthemountainhasbeenturnedintoaviewingplatformfortheNorthernLights,calledtheAuroraSkyStation.Also,thestationpostsforecastseachnightofexpectedAuroraactivity,collectedfromscientificobservationsarrivingviacomputer,sovisitorsmaychoosethebestviewingtime.56.Whatwasthereasonfortheauthor’sfirstvisittothelodge?A.HewentthereinsearchoftheAurora.B.Heneededequipmenttokeephimwarm.C.Hewasforcedtherebytheweather.D.Hehadtomakehisfoodsupplythere.57.Thephrase“oldhat”in3rdparagraphprobablymean“________”.A.severeandstrugglingB.familiarandunexcitingC.strangeandshockingD.mysteriousandadventurous58.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTafactorthatmakesAbiskoanidealplacetoviewtheAurora?A.Thereisamountainviewingplatform.B.Weatherforecastsareavailable.C.Therearenocitylightsnearby.D.Thereisacaféshopthere.59.Theauthor’soverallopinionofAbiskoisthat________.A.despitethesevereweather,it’sanimpressiveplaceB.peoplehaveoverestimateditspopularityC.it’snotaspopularasitdeservestobeD.thecoldweatherworsenstheAuroraviewingexperiencethere(B)(Youmayreadthequestionsfirst.)FourtypesoflearnersTypeALearnerPeopleinthisgroupadaptobservationsintocomplexbutlogicaltheories.Theythinkproblemsthroughinalogicalway.Theytendtobeperfectionistswhowon’tresteasyuntileverythingisreasonable.Theyliketoanalyzeandarekeenonbasicprinciplesandtheories.Theypaygreatattentiontologic,soquestionstheyfrequentlyaskare:“________________”,and“Howdoesthisgowiththat?”.Theytendtobeobjective,approachingproblemsinaconsistentlylogicalmanner.Thisistheir“mentalset”andtheyrejectanythingthatconflictswithit.Theyprefertomaximizecertaintyandfeeluncomfortablewithsubjectivejudgements.TypeBLearnerThesepeoplearekeenontryingoutideas,theoriesandtechniquestoseeiftheyworkinpractice.Theypositivelysearchoutnewideasandtakethefirstopportunitytoexperimentwithapplications.Theywanttotryoutthenewideasinthecoursesinpractice.Theyalsotendtobeimpatientwithrandomdiscussions,andtheirattentionsoonbeginstowanderiftheyfeeltheyaregoingroundincircles.Theyarepractical,downtoearthandlikemakingpracticaldecisionsandsolvingproblems.Theyseeproblemsandopportunitiesasachallenge,andtheirphilosophyis:“Thereisalwaysabetterway”and“Ifitworks,it’sgood”.TypeCLearnerPeopleinthisgroupinvolvethemselvesfullyinnewexperiences.Theyareopen-minded,andthistendstomakethementhusiasticaboutanythingnew.Theirphilosophyis:“I’lltryanythingonce”,sotheytendtoactfirstandconsidertheconsequencesafterwards.Theirdaysarefilledwithactivities.Assoonastheexcitementfromoneactivityhasdieddowntheyarebusylookingforthenext,astheyareonlyinterestedingainingnewexperiencesbutareboredwithcarryingouttheirplansandtheylackperseverance.Theyconstantlyinvolvethemselveswithothersbut,indoingso,theyseektocenterallactivitiesaroundthemselves.TypeDLearnerTheycollectdata,bothfirst-handandfromothers,andprefertothinkaboutitthoroughlybeforecomingtoaconclusion.Thethoroughcollectionandanalysisofdataaboutexperiencesandeventsiswhatcountssotheytendtopostponemakingdefinitivejudgmentsforaslongaspossible.Theirphilosophyistobecautious.Theyliketoconsiderallpossibleanglesbeforemakingamove,andwillbereluctanttobecomeinvolvedinactivitiesthatothersputforwardwithouthavingcarefullyconsideredthelikelyoutcome.60.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputintotheblankinthefirstparagraph?A.Doweneedmoreexperiments?B.Doyouunderstandme?C.Doyoubelievethetheory?D.Doesitmakesense?61.SupposeJohnisapersonwithfreshideasandwillingtocheckeverythingouttoseewhathappens.WhichtypeoflearnerisJohn?A.TypeALearnerB.TypeBLearnerC.TypeCLearnerD.TypeDLearner62.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutTypeDlearner?A.Theyarekeenonmakingimmediateconclusion.B.Theirconclusioncomesafterdataanalysis.C.Theyoutlineapossibleoutcomebeforetakinganactivity.D.Theyprefernottogiveouttheirviewpointsrandomly.(C)Inrecentyears,alotof“businessthinking”bookshavebeenpublished,allofwhichsearchfornewanswersonhowtorunorganizationseffectively.Obliquitytellsusthatthemostprofitablecompaniesarenotthemostaggressiveinchasingprofits.Wikinomicsdemonstratesnewmodelsofproductionbasedoncommunityandcollaboration.PeterMiller’snewbook,SmartSwarm,however,challengeleaderstothinkdifferently.Hestudiedcreatures,likebeesandantsandhefoundtheirhabits,actionsandinstinctscanbeappliedtobusiness.Millerbelieveshisbookisthefirsttimeanyonehasexplainedthesciencebehindmanagementtheory.“Theexamplesofhowantcolonies(蚁群)orbeehives(蜂窝)workareappealingmodelsfororganizationsandsystemsthatcanbeappliedinabusinesscontext,”hesays.Sohowexactlycanbeeshelprunorganizations?“Bythewaytheyworkindependentlybeforetheyworktogether,”Millersays.“Pictureahugebeehivehangingonatree,withabout5,000beescompetingforspace.Theyknowtheirpopulationisgettingtoobig,leavingthemunsafe.Theymustallagreetofindanewhome.Intoday’sbusinessenvironment,managersneedtobeabletomaketherightdecisionsunderintensepressure.Yet,itisclearthatsomeofthebest-paidleadersinsomeofthebiggestorganizationscangetitdramaticallywrong.Howisitthattheycanfailtomakeefficientbusinessdecisionswhenalargegroupofbeescanmakeacriticaldecisionabouttheirhiveinjustafewseconds?”AccordingtoMiller,“swarmtheory”canhelpmanagersinthreesimplesteps:discover,testandevaluate.Thebeesfirstrealizetheyhaveaproblem.Theythenflyintotheneighborhoodtofindpotentialnewsites.Theycomebackandperforma“dance”togetotherbeestofollowthem.Eventually,thebeeswiththebestdanceattractthemostvotes–andadecisionismade.Millersays.“Thebeeexampletellsyouthatyouneedtoseekoutdiversityinyourteam.Youneedtohaveawayofgatheringupquitedifferentideassoyoucanmakesureyoupicktherightone.”Ants,inaddition,canhelpbusinessesorganizeworkflowandpeople.Inanantcolony,thereisnoleader.Antsareself-organized,andrespondtotheirenvironmentandeachother.Oneantonitsowncouldnotraid(袭击)akitchencupboard,butoneanttellingthenextonethatit’sworthfollowinghimtofindfoodendsupcreatingafoodchain.“Inanantcolony,yougettherightnumbergoinginandoutsearchingforfood,yougettherightnumbertakingcareofthebabies,”Millersays.“Asamanager,thiscantellyouthatyourhierarchy(等级)isgettinginthewayofgettingtheworkdone.”63.Millerbelieveshisbookdiffersfromother“businessthinking”booksbecause________. A.itfocusesonmaximizingprofitsB.itsupportsthetheorywithevidence C.itcorrectsfaultsinsimilarbooksD.itjustifiestheprevioustheory64.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorindicatesthatthebehaviorofbeescanshowmanagershowto________.A. makeupforwronglymadedecisionsB. justifyexactlywhattherealproblemisC.drawthecorrectconclusionsquicklyD. keeptheteamsafeundergreatpressure65.Accordingtothe“swarmtheory”,managersneedto________.A.regarddecision-makingasacooperativeprocessB.persuadeotherstofollowyourwaysofthinkingC.acceptdifferentideasandkeepthembalancedD.pickoutarightpersontomakethefinaldecision66.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Leadershipskillscanbedevelopedthroughpracticalwork.B.Employeesworkmoreefficientlywhenorganizedbyleaders.C.Strengthenedhierarchyistheguaranteeofworkefficiency.D.Employeesshouldbeallowedtomaketheirowndecisions.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Sciencehasneverhadmuchinfluenceonthesedecisions.B.Thereisnosingleageatwhichtheteenagebrainbecomesanadultbrain.C.However,neurosciencefindingsprovetobehelpfulinmakinganewboundary.D.Childgrowthpattensdifferandhowculturesunderstandchildgrowthissodifferent.E.Somepeoplethinkthisknowledgecanhelpusrethinkwherewedrawlegalboundariesbetweenkidsandadults.F.Thisdiscoverymaywellindicatethatneurosciencecanhelpusbetterunderstandtheinterrelationshipamongdifferentages.Neuroscientists(神经科学家)nowknowthatbrainmaturation(成熟)occursfarlaterthanpreviouslythought.Greatchangesinbrainarestilltakingplaceduringyoungadulthood,especiallyintheregionsofdecisionmaking,reasoning,comparingriskandreward,etc.Indeed,somebrainregionsdonotreachfullmaturityuntiltheearly20s.67.Maybe.Butit’snotassimpleasitseemsfortworeasons.1.Differentbrainregionsmaturealongwithdifferenttimetables.68Thepartofthebrainthathandleslogicalthinkingisusuallyfullydevelopedby16,butthoseinvolvedinself-disciplinearestilldevelopinginyoungadulthood.Thismeanstheymaynothavethesamelevelofemotionalcontrol,whichcanmakethemlessresponsiblefortheiractions.2.69Ifitdid,wewouldn’thavelivedinasocietythatallowsteenagerstodrivebeforetheycanbuybeer.Ageboundariesaredrawnmainlyforpoliticalreasons,notscientificones.It’sapitythatneurosciencewon’thavemuchofanimpactonpoliticsalthoughitisalwayscorrect.70Itispointlesstotrytodeterminethe“right”ageofmaturation.TheDutch,forexample,allowchildrentodrinkalcoholattheageof16butnottodriveuntiltheyare19.EvenifIfirmlybelievelegaldecisionsshouldrefertoneuroscienceseriouslyandit’sagoodideatolowerthedrinkingageandraisethedrivingage,Irecognizethatthegovernmentmightneveracceptit.Ⅳ.SummaryWriting(71)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Withtheriseofurbanism(城市化),and